1995 08 31 HPCCGmCC��4� - hGzl� n�
HISTORICAL PRESERVATION COMMISSION
AGENDA
A Regular Meeting to be
Held in the Session Room at the
La Quinta City Hall, 78-495 Calle Tampico
La Quinta, California
August 31, 1995
3:00 P.M.
CALL TO ORDER
ROLL CALL
PUBLIC COMMENT
This is the time set aside for citizens to address the Historical Preservation Commission
on matters relating to historic resources within the City of La Quinta which are not
Agenda items. When addressing the Historical Commission, please state your name and
address. When addressing the Commission on matters pertaining to prehistoric sites, do
not disclose the exact location of the site(s) for their protection.
CONSENT CALENDAR
Approval of the Minutes of the Historical Preservation meeting of July 20, 1995.
BUSINESS ITEMS
1. CLG Grant application requirements
2. Request for Proposals for Historic Context Statement
3. Paleontological Condition Revision
OTHER
ADJOURNMENT
HPC/AGENDA
MINUTES
HISTORICAL PRESERVATION COMMISSION
A regular meeting held at the La Quinta City Hall
78-495 Calle Tampico, La Quinta, CA
July 20, 1995
I. CALL TO ORDER
3:00 P.M.
A. Chairman Millis opened the meeting at 3:10 P.M. and asked for the roll call.
II. ROLL CALL
A. Present: Commissioners Henderson, Puente, Wright, and Chairman Millis.
Advisor to the Commission Lauren Weiss Bricker was also in attendance.
B. Staff Present: Associate Planner Leslie Mouriquand, Management Assistant Britt
Wilson, and Executive Secretary Betty Sawyer.
III. CONSENT CALENDER:
A. There being no changes to the Minutes of May 18, 1995, Commissioners
Henderson/Wright moved and seconded a motion to approve the minutes as
submitted. Unanimously approved.
IV. BUSINESS ITEMS:
A. Grant Opportunities Update
1. Management Assistant Britt Wilson presented the information contained in
the staff report, a copy of which is on file in the Community Development
Department.
2 National Hi5torical Publigations and Regords Commission Program;
Commissioner Henderson asked if the Commission should make a motion
recommending the City Council support the request of the La Quinta
Historical Society in their request for a grant to purchase computers. Staff
stated it would show in the Minutes. Commissioner Henderson stated this
would also keep the Council informed.
1
HPC7@0
Historical Preservation Commission
July 20, 1995
3. National Endowment for the Humanities Programs; Associate Planner
Leslie Mouriquand asked if the Commission could apply on behalf of the
Historical Society for the grant and would the City qualify as a non-profit
organization. Management Assistant Britt Wilson explained that all grants
require the requestor to be a 301C. However, according to the IRS, the
City is non-profit and gifts are tax deductible if it is for the good of the
City.
4. In reference to the "Institute of Museums Services Program",
Commissioner Henderson asked about assistance for the Historical Society.
Staff stated this could be a possibility and they should apply for the grant.
5. In reference to "Historic American Building Survey/Historic American
Engineering Record Program, Management Assistant Britt Wilson
suggested the Marshall Ranch be considered. If the Ranch ever became
available for funding assistance, the City could apply for funds to conduct
a study. The La Quints Historical Society could do it and the City apply
for the funding. Advisor Bricker informed the Committee that usually the
funds have to come from some other source.
6. In reference to "National Historic Landmark Program and National
Register of Historic Places Program" Associate Planner Leslie Mouriquand
stated this is where the plaque comes from. Management Assistant Britt
Wilson stated the site would have to be on the National Register, and listed
as a national historic site, before being registered as a National Landmark.
Both registries would increase the City's opportunity for funding as well as
offering tax advantages for being on the registry. It is not necessary,
however, to apply for a grant program.
7. In reference to the "Technical Preservation Services Program" Associate
Planner Leslie Mouriquand asked if the City could apply for assistance in
writing the Historical Preservation Element. Advisor Bricker stated that
since the City is a Certified Local Government, the City could request the
assistance as it does meet the requirements.
8. Management Assistant Britt Wilson stated he has reviewed other available
grants such as the CLG, as well as other sources.
9. Commissioner Henderson asked if staff was comfortable applying for a
grant utilizing any of the sources referred to above. Staff stated they were
still doing research, but the most likely programs at this time would be
"The National Historical Publications and Records Commission Program"
and "The Institute of Museum Services Program".
HPG-20 2
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Historical Preservation Commission
July 20, 1995
10, Chairman Millis asked if the Historical Society could apply for a grant to
purchase a computer through "The Institute of Museum Services Program" .
Staff stated they were informed that it may be possible.
11. Commissioner Henderson stated they would give this information to the
Historical Society at their next meeting and have a letter drafted to the City
requesting assistance to apply for the Grant.
12. Commissioners discussed with staff possible historical sites.
13. Advisor Bricker stated the agencies were looking at the applications more
carefully now. If the City placed property on the National Register, there
basically was no review of the property unless you applied for tax credits.
If you applied for improvements then it was reviewed very strictly. With
the adoption of the California Register, if a property was determined to be
eligible for the Registry, they would automatically be registered on the
California registry.
14. Associate Planner Leslie Mouriquand stated the Commission needs to make
a determination about possible projects for CLG funding. The deadline for
receiving the proposals is February/March, 1996 and staff needs time to
have prepared the requests. Staff suggested requesting funding for the
Historical Preservation Element and/or a comprehensive City -Wide Survey.
Depending on the amount received, they could either hire a consultant or
manage the survey with volunteers doing the legwork.
15. Commissioner Henderson stated she understood this was the purpose for
applying for CLG certification, to have the funds for a survey. Members
discussed the different programs that could be applied for as well as from
the CLG. Some of the topics suggested were:
Historical contexts
Shared cost of a legal writer
Training and educational proposal to reach CLG requirements
16. Following the discussion, it was moved and seconded by Commissioners
Henderson/Wright to direct staff to start the process of applying for a
grant from the CLG for either/or both:
A Context Statement
Funding to attend the CLG Conference
HPC7-20 3 --'.Ul ; 004
Historical Preservation Commission
July 20, 1995
17. Advisor Bricker suggested the survey be completed in phases so the
funding could be staggered. In addition, the time framework for the release
of funds may be more conducive. Some funds received by March require
the applicant to have their work completed in four to six months. She
suggested staff look into the time frame allowed to complete the
application. If the project is not completed in the time frame allowed, the
funds must be returned.
18, Staff stated they would like to apply for one grant just to get their feet wet
and learn how to work with the agency. This would help staff to know
how to apply for and complete a grant application.
19. Staff suggested a second grant be applied for that would pay for training or
attending the CLG Conferences.
20. Staff stated they would put together a Request for Proposals (RFP) to see
what consultant support could be obtained and the costs involved.
Members discussed the advantages of hiring a consultant versus doing it in-
house. It was suggested that the RFP and/or Request for Qualifications
(RFQ) be mailed out in the fall. From those received, staff would request
an RFP and give them 30-days to prepare it. A grant proposal would then
be applied for. Staff suggested that a RFQ and a Scope of Work be
prepared instead. It was stated that there was a need to add a clause that
funding for the proposal is dependent upon funding acceptance.
21. Chairman Millis stated the Context Statement needs to be clearly stated.
22. Advisor Bricker stated she had been involved with another agency that had
received a grant from the National Endowment for the Arts and the City
might want to consider this source as well as the Getty and Mellon
Foundations.
23, Commissioner Wright suggested that funding may be applied for to repair
the agricultural pool and landscaping at the Hacienda del Gato.
24. Management Assistant Britt Wilson stated that if the Historical Society
wanted City assistance in applying for a grant from the "National
Endowment for the Humanities Program" or the "Institute of Museum
Services Program" they would need to write a letter as soon as possible.
Commissioners Henderson/Millis stated the La Quinta Historical Society
would make the request. In particular, to request a computer with the
ability to scan material for retainment.
HP07-20 4 . A. J u 005
Historical Preservation Commission
July 20, 1995
25. Staff asked the Commissioners for direction as to whether they would want
staff to prepare an RFQ first or RFP. Staff asked Advisor Bricker if she
knew of a list of qualified people that staff could obtain. Advisor Bricker
stated she wasn't sure if the list was up-to-date, but she knew the offices of
SHPO retained a list. In addition, the Information Centers could be
contacted for candidates in the Southern California Region. Staff would
need to prepare the Scope of Services now.
26. Following the discussion, staff was directed to research the process to apply
for grants and report back to the Commission at their next meeting.
B. Paleontological Report for the Tom Weiskopf Golf Course at PGA West.
Staff presented the information contained in the staff report, a copy of
which is on file in the Community Development Department.
Members discussed the report and the items that had been found during the
report. In addition, members reviewed a map that showed the areas of the
lower Valley that contained the last seven inundations of the ancient Lake
Cahuilla.
Discussion followed regarding the location of artifacts found at the site.
4. Commissioner He asked that staff write a letter to KSL thanking
them and the Paleontologist for the report and information. They suggested
staff inform KSL of the City's policy requiring all developers to notify the
Community Development Department of any finds and allow the City the
first right of refusal regarding the artifacts found. Staff needs to amend the
Conditions of Approval to include a statement that the developer will notify
the City of any find and give the City first right of refusal and/or the source
of depositing of the find.
Following a review of the report it was moved and seconded by
Commissioners Henderson/Wright to accept the report as submitted.
OTHER:
A. Staff reviewed the correspondence and reading material handed out in the
Commissioner's packets.
ADJOURNMENT
There being no further business, it was moved and seconded by Commissioners Henderson/Wright
to adjourn this meeting of the Historical Preservation Commission at 4:36 P.M., to a regular
meeting of the Historical Preservation Commission on August 31, 1995. Unanimously approved.
..1.01; 0 0 6
HPCT 20
HISTORICAL PRESERVATION COMMISSION MEETING
STAFF REPORT
DATE: AUGUST 31, 1995
ITEM: CLG GRANT APPLICATION DEADLINE UPDATE
The Commission directed staff to research the CLG Grant application process to verify
deadlines and procedures. Staff contacted SHPO for current information. The
procedures for the 1996 application period are not available at this time. The
proposal deadline for the 1996 grant period will be sometime between the end of
March and the middle of June. The exact date will be determined after the first of
the year when SHPO receives its grant money allocation from the Federal
Government.
None.
None.
-1 007
HISTORIC PRESERVATION COMMISSION
STAFF REPORT
DATE: August 31, 1995
ITEM: Request For Proposals For Historic Context Statement
As directed by the Commission, staff prepared a draft Request for Proposals (RFP) for
the preparation of an historical context statement for the City. The draft RFP is
modeled after one prepared by the City of Redondo Beach. The model was provided
by SHPO as being well written and complete. The RFP (Attachment 1) calls for
proposals for a "fully developed context statement". This type of statement also
includes an assessment of property types, including their significance and condition,
and another section on goals and priorities for identification and treatment of historic
properties.
The projected time table necessary to meet, if a consultant is hired, requires that an
RFP be issued no later than October with a 30 to 45 day submittal deadline.
Selection of a consultant would require City Council approval prior to the submittal
of the CLG grant proposal for funding of the project. The CLG grant submittal
deadline has not been determined, but could be anywhere from the end of March to
the middle of June, depending on when SHPO receives the money from the Federal
Government.
Since the last Commission meeting, a new staff member has joined the Community
Development Department, Christine Di lorio. Christine in the new Planning Manager.
She has a Master of Arts degree in Historic Resources Management. Christine's
resume is attached for your review (Attachment 2). Staff suggests that a possible
alternative to hiring a consultant is to prepare the context statement "in-house" by
staff with Christine participating in the management of the project. A CLG grant
would still be requested to off -set staff time and expenses.
Direct staff to prepare the context statement with funding contingent upon award of
CLG grant.
Attachments
1. Draft RFP
2. Resume: Christine Di lorio
>a.0u 008
REQUEST FOR PROPOSALS
�fiITMT1I 1I►iIlrl 1
Title - City of La Quinta Context Statement
The City of La Quinta is requesting proposals from historic preservation consultants to prepare a fully
developed historic context statement for the City of La Quinta.
II PROJECT BACKGROUND
In 1995, La Quinta was approved by the State Office of Historic Preservation as a "Certified Local
Government," thereby sanctioning the qualifications of La Quinta's Commission and preservation program.
Currently, the Historic Preservation Commission has designated a total of 13 historic structures, and
numerous pre -historic archaeological sites. Since the City's program is voluntary, it is dependent upon
incentives to enhance its attractiveness to potential participants.
III. OBJECTIVES
The objective of the City of La Quinta Context Statement is to formulate a detailed narrative that will serve
to accomplish the following:
A. Establish a thorough, accurate historical background of the City, focussing on persons, events and
trends that were instrumental in the City's physical growth and development and the construction
of its historical resources.
B. Provide a sound and accepted basis for preparation of the future La Quinta Cultural Resources
Survey.
C. Provide a sound and accepted basis for evaluating the significance of individual historic resources,
particularly as it may relate to potential listing on the National Register of Historic Places andlor
designation as a local landmark or contributing structure within a historic district.
O. Provide a sound basis for establishing goals and priorities for preserving historic and prehistoric
resources, both individually and collectively as representations of different contextual themes.
IV. SCOPE OF PROJECT
A. A preservation consultant will work closely with staff and a subcommittee of the Historic
Preservation Commission in the development and preparation of the context statement. The
consultant shall work under the supervision of the staff liaison to the Historic Preservation
Commission.
HPCRFP.001
a_! ; 009
La Quinta Historical Preservation Commission
Request for Proposals
August 31, 1995
B. The consultant will be responsible for the development, refinement, and completion of the context
statement. This will specifically include the following:
Consideration and selection of historic themes to be used.
2. Collection and analysis of historical data related to the selected themes.
3. Preparation of a context statement for each selected theme, synthesizing gathered
information with an eye toward evaluating related properties.
4. Identification and description of property types related to each theme, including a
statement of the significance of each property type as it relates to each these, and a
description of the attributes, historical associations, and level of integrity that are
necessary to list members of each property type on national and local registers.
5. Establishment of goals and priorities for each property type that will set a course of action
to be pursued in preserving representative examples of each property type.
C. The consultant will meet at least twice with the full Historic Preservation Commission: at the
beginning of the process to discuss its scope, and at the conclusion of the process to consider
adoption of the context statement. The consultant shall also meet periodically as necessary with
staff and a subcommittee of the Commission to evaluate progress and provide direction.
D. The consultant will be responsible for preparing the entire context statement. The City will assist
the consultant in the collection of necessary information regarding the history of the City and its
historic resources.
V. PROPOSAL REOUIREMENTS
A. Criteria for Proposal Acceptance:
HPCRFP.001
The contract will be awarded only to a responsible historic preservation consultant. In order to
qualify, a consultant must, in the opinion of the Community Development Director, meet the
following standards as they relate to this Request for Proposals.
Have adequate technical and financial resources for performance, or have the ability to
obtain such resources as required during the performance.
2. Have the necessary experience, organization, technical qualifications, skills, and facilities,
or have the ability to obtain them (including any subcontractor arrangements).
.'O.Ju-010
La Quinta Historical Preservation Commission
Request for Proposals
August 31, 1995
3. Be able to comply with the proposed or required performance schedule, including a
completion date no later than
4. Have a satisfactory performance of record.
5. Be otherwise qualified and eligible to receive an award under applicable laws and
regulations.
B. Proposal Responses:
Proposals and modifications thereof, received at the office designated in the RFP after the
exact hour and date specified will not be considered unless either: 1) they are sent
certified mail for which an official, dated post office stamp on the original receipt for
certified mail has been obtained, and it is determined by the City that the late receipt was
due solely to the delay in the mails, for which the proposer was not responsible; or 2) if
submitted by mail, it is determined by the City after receipt at the Community Development
Department that timely receipt at such office is established upon examination of an
appropriate dateltime stamp for the Community Development Department.
2. Fancy proposal format, costly bindings, color plates, or glossy facilities brochures, films
or exhibits other than the proposal are not necessary.
3. No proposal costs will be reimbursed under this contract.
4. The proposal shall be signed by an individual authorized to bind the consultant and shall
contain a statement to the effect that the proposal is a firm offer for at least a 180-day
period. The proposal should contain a statement that all work shall be performed at a price
"not to exceed" contract price, which will become the fixed price upon completion of
contract negotiations.
5. The proposal shall also provide the following information: Name, title, address, and
telephone number of the individual(s) with authority to negotiate, and contractually bind
the consultant, and also who may be contacted during the period of proposal evaluation.
C. Limitations:
1. All reports and pertinent data or material shall be the sole property of the City of La Quinta
and may not be used or reproduced in any form without the express written consent of the
City of La Quinta.
HPCPFP.001
La Quinta Historical Preservation Commission
Request for Proposals
August 31, 1995
2. The consultant should expect to have access only to the public records and public files of
local government agencies in preparing the proposal or reports. No compilation, tabulation,
or analysis of data, definition or opinion, etc., should be anticipated by the consultant from
the agencies, unless volunteered by a responsible official of those agencies. Good business
practices such as formal letters of request and making of appointments should be followed.
Violations of these practices may disqualify the proposal.
3. This RFP does not commit the City to award a contract, to pay any costs incurred in the
preparation of the proposal to this request, or to procure or contract for services or
supplies. The City reserves the right to accept or reject any or all proposals received as
a result of this request, to negotiate with any qualified source, or to cancel in part or in its
entirety, this RFP, if it is in the best interest of the Cit to do so. The City may require the
proposer selected to participate in negotiations, and to submit proposals as may result
from negotiations.
4. The City has the authority to terminate its contract upon written notice to the consultant
at any time during the period of the study if it is found by the City that the consultant's
performance is not satisfactory.
5. It is also understood that this contract, when awarded, is contingent and based on the
City's receiving a grant of money to fund this project. No project will be started or funds
expended until such grant has been received by the City.
6. Contract payments will be made on the basis of satisfactory performance by the
consultant as determined by the City. Final payment to the consultant will only he made
when the City finds the work performed by the consultant to be satisfactory and accepts
the documents (including any computer diskettes containing the statement) required. The
City will incrementally withhold ten (10) percent of the contract until the project is
completed.
D. Introduction: The introduction should convey the consultant's understanding of the project's
objective, scope, and requirements, and the consultant's ability to complete the project in a timely
and expert manner.
E. Time Line: A thorough explanation of the course of action with a time line outlining major milestones
within the parameters established by the City's schedule.
HPCRFP.001
Technical Approach: A description of the techniques and methodology that the consultant is
prepared to employ.
j.01 012
La Quinta Historical Preservation Commission
Request for Proposals
August 31, 1995
G. Time/Staff Breakdown: Number of hours estimated per staff person and/or task for each phase of
the project.
H. Cost Estimate: The City of La Quinta has requested a maximum of $5,OOO.00 for the completion
of this context statement. The final "not to exceed" contract price and payment schedule will be
negotiated with the successful consultant. All applicable costs can be charged to the contract
within the negotiable "not to exceed" limit, including travel, overhead, materials, and
subcontractors. Although, it should be noted that selection will not necessarily be based on cost,
please provide an estimate of what your total cost of accomplishing the project will be.
References: The names, addresses, and telephone numbers of three (3) former clients who have
contracted with the consultant for services similar to those described in this Request for Proposals.
J. Signature: The proposal must be signed by a person who is authorized to negotiate and execute
contracts on behalf of the consultant.
K. Resume: Key personnel who will be assigned to the project should be named. Include a resume that
cites the individuals' education, qualifications, and experience.
VI. SELECTION PROCESS
Written proposals will be reviewed by a selection committee made up of members of the City staff and the
Historic Preservation Commission. Complete proposals will be evaluated on the basis of the information
submitted; the proposed course of action, the previous experience of the consultant and key personnel, and
favorable responses from references regarding the consultant's performance, among other criteria. This
evaluation will allow the City's selection committee to identify the most qualified consultant, who will then
be invited for an interview.
VII. SUBMITTAL DEADLINE
The original and six (6) copies of the consultant's proposal must be received by the City of La Quinta
Community Development Department by the close of business at 5:00 P.M. on . The
Community Development Department is located in La Quinta City Hall, 78-495 Calle Tampico, La Quinta,
California, 92253. The telephone number is 619.777.7125.
Vill. REJECTION OF PROPOSALS
The City of La Quinta reserves the right to reject any and all proposals and to solicit new proposals with
modified terms and conditions. It also reserves the right to waive any informalities in connection with
proposals.
HPCRFP.001
f.001 1 013
La Quinta Historical Preservation Commission
Request far Proposals
August 31, 1995
IX. INFORMATION REQUESTS
Information regarding this project and the proposal work can be obtained by contacting Leslie Mouriquand,
Associate Planner, at 619.777-7068.
HPCRFP.001
SUGGESTED OUTLINE FOR FULLY DEVELOPED CONTEXT STATEMENT
I. NAME OF CONTEXT:
The theme, time period and geographic limits of the study should be stated.
II. SYNTHESIS OF INFORMATION:
After data has been collected and analyzed, prepare a written narrative which synthesizes the
gathered information. Important patterns, events, persons, architectural types and styles, or cultural
values should be identified and discussed with an eye towards evaluating related properties and sites.
III. PROPERTY TYPE(S)
A. Identification
Identify what property type or types are important in illustrating the historic context.
Assign a name to each property type based on the shared characteristics of properties related to the
type.
B. Description
In concise narrative form, describe the physical characteristics and historical
associations that unite and define each property type. Discuss the variations occurring within the
property type as they relate to changing historical, cultural, or geographical influences.
C. Significance
State the significance of the property type as it relates to each historic context. How
does the property type, in all its variations, illustrate what is important about the historic context?
D. Registration Requirements
What attributes, historical associations and level of integrity are necessary to list
members of the property type in the National Register of Historic Places? This section should
provide specific information that can be used for comparing actual historic properties and prehistoric
sites and for making judgements about their relative significance.
HPCOOC.003
, 'i3O 0 015
IV. GOALS AND PRIORITIES FOR IDENTIFICATION, EVALUATION, REGISTRATION
AND TREATMENT OF HISTORIC PROPERTIES:
A. Goals
A goal is a statement of preferred preservation activities, which is generally stated
in terms of property types. For each goal, a statement should be prepared identifying the activities
and strategies most appropriate for accomplishing the goal.
B. Priorities
Once goals have been developed, they need to be ranked in importance. Major cost
or technical considerations, general social, economic, political and environmental conditions will
affect the ranking of goals. Some properties may be more directly threatened by deterioration, land
development patterns, legislative requirements or the public's perception of their safety or worth.
These factors should all be considered in setting priorities.
The above is based on the Secretary of the Interior's Standards and Guidelines for Preservation
Planning and on Bulletin 16, Guidelines for Completing National Register of Historic Places Forms.
Both of these documents may provide further assistance in preparing a fully developed context.
HPCOOC.003 i.0i 016
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F'y OF
STATEMENT OF QUALIFICATIONS
FOR
CHRISTINE DI IORIO
Christine has a Masters of Arts degree in Historical Resources
Management from the University of California, Riverside and experience
in administering historic preservation and archaeological programs for
the City's of Claremont and San Juan Capistrano. Also, she meets the
Secretary of Interior's criteria for the preparation of historic and
architectural context statements and related documents.
�., 017
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Sustoric
of
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P.O. BOX 1283
La Quints, CA 92253
(619) 564-1283
Honorary Chairman
Hal Linden
President
E.A. —Ned" Millis
Vice President
Judy Vossler
Treasurer
Terry Henderson
Secretary
Marge Cleveland
Docent Director
Robb Atkins.
Board of Directors-'
Diane Adolph
Honey Atkins
Pat Cross
Marilyn Knecht
Cindy Millis
Eleanor Newton
Dottie Rice
Founding President
Alice Bailes Bell
President Emeritus
Fred Rice
Mt1,58UM
77485 (title Mon r a
La Qwnm
August 8,1995
Leslie Mouriquand • Associate Planner
City of La Quinta
P.O. Box 1.504
La Quinta, CA 92253
Dear Leslie:
flD��:�
LtAUG
1 19QF
CITY CP LA GUINTA
PLANNING DEPARTMENT Z'
The last meeting of the Historical Commission triggered the follow-
ing two items at our end:
• The Historical Society would like to formally request
that the Historical Commission (and Staff where
applicable) assist us in pursuing possible grants that
might be open to the Historical Society / Museum as
outlined in items 3 and 4 of the memo to you from
Britt Wilson dated July 12,1995.
• The Historical Society respectfully requests that the
Commission agendize a regular place in the order of
business for the filing of reports from the Historical
S; ri
y
Your help in these matters would be greatly appreciate.
Kind regards,
Ila__,
E.A. 'Ned" Millis
President
,a.Uu, 019
DATE:
I
MEMORAMS IF
P�,.n•�
i l�*'Il1L ISL
July 21, ..
TO: Leslie Mouriquand, Associate Pla t
er CRY OF(O
PLANNING DEPARTMENT
'I,U/
FROM: Britt W. Wilson, Management Assistant, City Manager's Office
RE: CRM article for Historical Preservation Commission
Attached please find a copy of the article form CRM that was supposed to be included with
my memorandum on grants which the Commission discussed on July 20, 1995. 1 apologize
to you and the Commission for this oversight.
Please let me know if you have any questions. Thank you.
=J.0J n 2 0
ge;
Diane Vogt -O'Connor
Finding Funds for the
NPS Museum Collections
"This only is
do all, all th
John Don
useums are found in over 300
national parks. These muse-
ums are as rich and diverse as
the parks themselves, contain-
ing the following types of material:
• archeological artifacts
• ethnological artifacts
• fine and decorative arts
• manuscripts and archival audio-visual.
electronic and textual materials and rare
books
• memorabilia and personal artifacts asso-
ciated with notable Americans
• technological, architectural, and histori-
cal artifacts
• military regalia and weapons
• natural history specimens
In a time of rising costs. parks become more
creative as they search for funding for special
exhibitions, publications, research, outreach, and
special projects. ,Museum staff
Chanty, t0 can contribute to this effort by
seeking partnerships to share
at we can. resources and by working with
their associations to solicit
ne grant funds from corporations,
foundations, and individuals.
This article focuses on how to obtain such funds.
Work with an Association
Although park employees may not send out
general solicitations (i.e., general "begging" letters
asking for funds), they may apply for a grant from
an organization that has a standard grant applica-
tion process (e.g., a form or published instructions
on how to apply). According to the NPS Policy
Office, in such instances the employee is not solic-
iting —but is instead being invited to submit an
application. However, despite a park's ability to
write grant applications, working with an expert
makes the grant process much easier. Most
national parks are affiliated with a local friends
group or an association, such as Eastern National
Park and Monument Association. Anv national
park may work with the National Park Foundation
(NPF) for fund-raising purposes. Many of these
groups are set up to assist parks by raising funds
and administering accounts for special park -
related projects.
Associations, friends groups, and the NPF
can apply for private foundation grants. They also
can conduct direct mail solicitation campaigns for
donations. In addition, they may sponsor special
fund-raising events or activities. Once the fund-
raising project is defined by the park, the NPF,
association, or friends group should be
approached. Discuss the project with the key NPF,
association, or friends group personnel. Find a
project sponsor in the group. Ask for help in iden-
tifying foundations, fund-raising techniques, and
project marketing strategies. Brainstorm together
to identify the project audience, products, and
process.
Explore Collaborative Ventures and
Partnerships
Grant -funding groups appreciate applications
that come from more than a single organization, as
it allows them to meet several needs with a single
gift. Collaborative relationships also can provide
the park with the opportunity to share collections
and draw upon the expertise of their partners.
Most universities and many major libraries and
museums have development offices, highly trained
automation staff, and other professionals that can
be very helpful in preparing grants and running
projects.
Build collaborative partnerships with non-
federal agencies to undertake special projects. Fit
the projects to park and ecosystem -wide, regional,
state, or local needs. Such projects might Include
curriculum -development utilizing museum
resources. Propose grant -funded special or virtual
exhibitions related to key park resources, exper-
tise, or interpretive themes for museums, historical
societies, and the Internet. Consider grant -funded
publications —such as books, technical and histor-
ical Internet resource guides, CD-ROMs, and
videotapes —that showcase the park's themes, col-
lections, research resources, and staff expertise.
Such products, if handled correctly not only share
park goals and information, but in some cases can
also generate royalties for the association to use
for future park projects.
CRM N4 4-1995
•,a.Uo 022
"[Charity is]
others —in
—Charles
Obtain Approval for Fundraising Work
Obtain approval for all fund-raising activities
with the park superintendent, regional staff, and
the NPS, friends group, or association. Major fund
raising programs with goals of one million dollars
or more also require the NPS director's approval.
Ask the advice of park, association, and regional
staff in selecting potential funding sources. Since
many foundations focus on giving in a particular
state, ask development officers in nearby universi-
ties, museums, libraries, and historical societies
for names of foundations they have found useful
for similar projects. Discover if the park or associ-
ation staff can use local library, university,
museum, or historical society development office
reference files to determine who has funded simi-
lar local projects in the past.
The park's association or friends group must
avoid soliciting individuals or groups with whom
the NPS or DOI has either a business conflict or
the appearance of a conflict. or with whom they
are currently involved in lawsuits or negotiations.
Also avoid organizations that might seem to be
inappropriate, such as partisan political organiza-
tions. Look for funding organizations that comple-
ment your employer without raising significant
policy questions.
feeling for Begin by identifying
Pocket." appropriate sources that have
our y p funded similar projects in the
H. Spurgeon past. For example, a little
research in the books listed in
the bibliography will indicate that the Jessie Ball
duPont Fund gave the Woodrow Wilson Birthplace
Foundation $50,000 to establish a fund-raising
office and professional development program in
1994. The Pew Charitable Trusts are one of the
most generous funding agencies for archival work.
The J. Paul Getty Trust and the Lila Wallace -
Reader's Digest Fund have both been generous
donors on projects relating to African -American
history or archives. Development offices at local
universities, museums, and libraries may be able
to help you identify such foundations. The best
source, however, is the Foundation Center.
Use the Foundation Center
The Foundation Center. a non-profit inde-
pendent organization created to increase public
understanding of foundations, is the single most
powerful tool for locating appropriate foundations
and corporations for solicitations. Located in
Atlanta. Cleveland, New York, San Francisco, and
Washington DC, the Foundation Center is open to
the public. For interested users in other locales,
the Foundation Center has set up 200+ cooperat-
ing foundation research centers (called cooperat-
ing collections) located in all 50 states which are
also available to the public.
The Foundation Center and the cooperating
collections have private foundation information
such as IRS information returns from foundations:
publications: grantmaker files including annual
reports, press releases, application guidelines, and
clippings: current awareness topical files: and bib-
liographic databases on the literature of giving and
on the foundations and corporations that provide
grants. Note: Many of the Foundation Center pub-
lications are also available in most state or mid-
sized university research libraries and some public
libraries.
Identijy Potential Outside Funding Sources
Begin research into funding possibilities by
taking either a course in grantsmanship (see the
course list at the end of the article) or the
Foundation Center orientation. Spend a morning
reviewing the reference books listed in the bibliog-
raphy. Perhaps the easiest way to conduct research
is to either begin with the appropriate topical vol-
ume of the National Guides (see items 8-10 In the
bibliography) or to search for foundations that are
active in the park's geographical area (see items I
and 6 in the bibliography).
Once potential donors have been identified.
research each donor's patterns of past giving by
utilizing the reference works listed in the bibliogra-
phy. Look for a foundation or corporation active in
your state that has given for projects similar to the
park's projects. Try to find a link between the park
and the foundation, such as a common acquain-
tance who serves on the foundation's board or a
shared concern with ecosystems or museum
automation. Such foundations are the park's best
Prospects.
Database searching is another effective
research technique. The Foundation Center's data-
base on DIALOG and the Sponsored Programs
Information Network (SPIN) of the Research
Foundation of the State Universitv of New York
both contain significant information on giving pat-
terns, restrictions, and objectives. Ask your park,
region, public, state. or university library reference
staff how to have such a search performed for the
park.
Next, look at the foundation's annual report
in the local research library or Foundation Center.
Annual reports provide much information that may
be helpful in determining if the foundation is
appropriate for the park's project. If your associa-
tion is approaching a corporation, corporate
annual reports are generally also found in business
libraries. Records of an individual's giving may be
difficult to locate, outside of newspaper reports
and special development files.
In identifying potential donors, look for
groups or individuals that have a clear linkage to
your park or museum without a conflict of interest.
E
y.i.0 iJ ,. 0 2 3 CRM N4 4-1995
Consider all funding options, from contacting indi-
viduals, corporations, and foundations to setting
up collaborative approaches. Working with collab-
orators will allow the park to tap a broader range
of funding agencies.
Break the Project into Attractive Pieces
While it is always easiest for a park to man-
age the application forms and final reports for a
single grant, it may not always be possible. In
times of tight funding, a single project can be
packaged as a series of separate, smaller grant
requests. A different collaborative partner may
serve as the main applicant for each separate
grant request. Match the partner -applicant to the
foundation based upon what sort of applicant the
grant funding agency is most likely to fund. This
can be discovered by looking at the agency's past
record of giving either in a local development
office or via the publications of the Foundation
Center listed in the bibliography.
For example, if the project goal is to publish
a unified guide to the museum collections found in
the park, university, and historical society of a sin-
gle town, several foundations might be
approached. The research section of the project
could be applied for by the university as a two-
year fellowship from a foundation that has a his-
tory of funding scholarly work. The actual publica-
tion costs might be packaged as a separate grant
requested by the historical society from a founda-
tion that has a history of funding historical society
publications. The park could then apply for a sep-
arate grant to produce a digital copy of the fin-
ished product for mounting on the university's
Internet node.
Determining how best to package the park's
needs depends upon four factors:
• What partnerships can be built
• What foundations and other grant fund-
ing sources your association is willing to
approach
• What grant foundations or corporations
are appropriate for the park, based upon
an examination of their histories of giv-
ing (e.g., what regions do they fund in
and what types of projects do they fund)
• What linkages the park has to the foun-
dations or corporations
Make the Initial Funding Approach
Locate mutual acquaintances, such as col-
laborators or members of the association's board,
who can introduce you to the key foundation or
corporation funding contact persons. The sixth
book in the bibliography tells you who these key
corporate and foundation contacts are. Call and
introduce yourself once your project has been
introduced to the potential funding source by your
mutual acquaintance.
The next step is to write a preliminary
approach letter. This one page letter should
include the following:
• a one -paragraph description of the pro-
ject
• the total project cost and any matching
funds provided by collaborators or the
park
• the reason why the park is approaching
this potential donor or foundation
• the background of the park museum
(attach separate letters of reference and
endorsement and a museum profile or
descriptive overview)
• a request for a follow-up appointment
The letter should conclude by saving that the
donor will be contacted by a certain date for fur-
ther discussion. Do not forget to make this follow-
up call. Attached to this letter is a brief official
overview of the park's activities and accomplish-
ments for the last year. This report should be the
equivalent of an annual report, stressing the value
of the park to its audience. Also attached should
be a copy of the park budget and copies of IRS
forms indicating tax exempt status.
Once the approach letter has been answered
positively by the donor, you will receive a grant
application guideline and a list of application
deadlines. Always follow the guidelines exactly
while writing a grant application. Provide all
requested information. Meet all deadlines.
Learn How to Write Grants
There are many ways to learn how to write
grants. You may do any or all of the following:
• take courses at your local universitv or
at the Foundation Center (see list of
courses at the end of this article)
• read books (see bibliography below)
• conduct research on grantwriting in a
branch of the Foundation Center (see
the locations under Resources) or a
cooperating university development
library
• visit the development office of major
regional museums to review their suc-
cessful proposals and do volunteer work
with staff on a development project
• advertise for a volunteer with grant writ-
ing (i.e., development) experience
Perhaps the best way to learn to write grants
is by regularly reading and evaluating grant appli-
cations. One interesting way to ensure this experi-
ence is by offering to serve as a grant reviewer for
projects in your area of expertise where there is no
conflict of interest.
Consider applying to serve as a reviewer for
the National Endowment for the Arts; the National
Endowment for the Humanities; the National
CRM NO 4—loos
=a.00 024 11
Historical Publications and Records Commission;
or The Institute of Museum Services (IMS). After
reviewing several grants, you will become familiar
with the guidelines, criteria, and how to evaluate
proposals.
Institute for Museum Services (Tel: 202-606-8539; Fax: 202-
606-8591. Note: Ask for the reviewer application for one of the fol-
lowing: general operating support; conservation project support;
professional services; museum assessment; museum leadership; or
conservation assessment.)
National Endowment for the Arts (Tel: 202-682-5442; Fax:
202-682-5603. Note: Ask for the reviewer application for the
Museum Program.)
National Endowment for the Humanities (Tel: 202-606-8400;
Fax: 202-606-8240. Note: Ask for the reviewer application for the
Humanities Projects in Museums and Historical Organizations or
the Humanities Projects in Libraries and Archives.)
National Publications and Records Commission (Tel: 202-
501-5610; Fax: 202-501-5601. Ask for an application.)
The Basics of Grantwriting:A Quick Overview
The first step in grantwriting is to Identify
what you would like to do. As in all sales docu-
ments, you must sell the key concept (e.g., Internet
access to museum collections) before you sell the
brand (e.g., purchasing specific equipment, hiring
specific digitizing firms, or producing a specific
product). Develop a list of talking points by
answering the following questions:
• Who will be involved in the project (i.e.,
who are they, what percentage of their
time will be taken, and what are their
qualifications)? Who will sponsor and
endorse the project? Who will benefit
from the project (e.g., identify the audi-
ence and explain how the project results
will be used)? Who else is being asked
to fund this project?
What is the focus and background of the
project (i.e., what is the reason and pur-
pose of the project)? What need does the
project fill? What will the resulting prod-
uct, results, or outcome of the project
be? What organizations will be involved?
What matching funds will be used?
What is the budget? Note: List the bud-
get by major categories such as person-
nel, equipment, travel, and expendable
supplies.
• Where will the work be done (i.e., loca-
tion)?
• Why is the project necessary?
• When will the project be done? When will
the final products or results be ready?
Note: List the project phases on a time-
line.
• How was the need for the project deter-
mined? How will the work be accom-
plished (i.e., what is the methodology
and timeline)? How long will the project
take?
Begin by identifying the key needs, benefits,
and products of the grant project first (e.g., access
to collections for scholars, faster retrieval of mate-
rials). Make a quick list of the audiences for those
products (e.g,, students, outside scholars).
Next, develop a list of project staff. Decide
what each individual's role would be. Try to sketch
this out in a rough timeline. Identify what percent-
age of each participant's time would be necessary
for each year of the project (e.g., .5 FTE for two
years, for a total of 1 FTE).
Try to identify key events such as anniver-
saries to which the project and your potential giver
may be linked to give your project a further boost
(e.g., a birth or death of the site -associated emi-
nent individual; the park creation). Projects keyed
to anniversaries have an added urgency.
Example
Project: Publishing a Catalog of Park
Museum Collections on CD-ROM and the Internet.
Need: The XXXX NP has a significant collec-
tion of objects relating to the Oregon Trail and the
exploration of the American West; while the YYYY
Historical Society and the ZZZZ University have
similar materials. These items are not now cur-
rently accessible to scholars and the public despite
over 2,000 annual requests for information on
these items. This grant would provide the public,
scholars and students with access to descriptions
and images of the museum collections of these
three stellar institutions.
Benefits: Increased access to NPS museum
collections for scholars, students, and the general
public.
Audience: Provide CD-ROM copies to all
state high schools and public libraries; provide
access also to 25 million users internationally via
the Internet node of the university.
Staff Participants: XXXX NP (Curator and
Chief of Interpretation; both .25 FTE for each of 2
years, for a total of t FTE).
Direct Sponsor: AAAA Cooperating
Association.
Potential Sponsors: Chiles Foundation,
Samuel H. Kress Foundation, Pew Memorial
Trusts, Oregon Community Foundation, WXYZ
Foundation.
Special Links: This project is keyed to the
50th anniversary of the opening of the museum in
XXXX; the centennial celebration of the birth of
the park's eminent figure in XXXX; and may be
linked to the WXYZ foundation for whom the
12
CRM NQ 4-1995
m.4.00, 025 ,,
park's eminent figure conducted geographical sur-
veys in XXXX.
Timeline: The project start date is 1/1/96. The
project may be broken into six separate projects, but
must be done in sequence.
ACTION TARGET DATE
1) Research of collections. 6/ 6/96
2) Writing of collection catalog. 12/30/96
3) Editing/layout of catalog text. 6/30/07
4) Digitization of text. 8/30/97
5) Inspection of digital copy. 10/30/97
6) Upload text onto the Internet. 12/30/97
Collaborative Possibilities: YYYY Historical
Society (Registrar and Curator), ZZZZ University
(Head of Library Special Collections and
Programmer from the Automation Branch).
After all writing is complete, have the grant
application edited by a professional. After the edit.
the application should be reviewed by the superin-
tendent, the regional curator, and all collaborators.
With a little ingenuity and care, NPS museums will
benefit from your grantwriting expertise. The grant
funds will provide greater visibility for the signifi-
cant NPS museum collections in exhibitions, publi-
cations, and special projects.
RESOURCES
Bibliography
Note: All the following Foundation Center publica-
tions were published in New York by the Foundation
Center and are issued annually unless otherwise
noted. Publication inquiries may be made by phone
at 800-424-9836 or by fax at 212-807-3677.
1. The Foundation Directory. [This 3 volume set identi-
fies grant funders by subject, geographic focus, and
key official, as well as providing financial data, pro-
gram statements, application facts, and lists of
recently awarded sample grants.]
2. The Foundation Center's Guide to Proposal Writing.
(Focuses on the components of the proposal, how
funding staff select winning proposals, and planning.)
3. The Foundation Center's User Friendly Guide. (A
handbook for novices explaining how to research
foundations and prepare to write a grant application.)
4. Foundation Fundamentals. (A how to book that
focuses on research resources and the grantwriting
process.]
5. The Foundation 1000. (Analyses the 1,000 largest
U.S. foundations, provides contact information, lists
their grant -making priorities, and explains their appli-
cation processes.]
6. Guide to U.S. Foundations, Their Trustees, Officers.
& Donors. The Foundation Center, 1994. (Lists
35.7000+ U.S. Foundations. provides an index by
trustee, officer, and donor names; provides access by
geographic area, as well as by foundation name,
donor information, amounts, and giving limits; and is
cross-referenced to other Foundation sources.]
7. National Directory of Corporate Giving. [Provides
information on almost 2,300 corporate giving pro-
grams, lists their recently awarded grants and prior-
ities, analyzes their giving priorities, and provides
information on the companies.)
8. National Guide to Funding in Arts and Culture. 3rd
edition. [Lists information on 4,000 foundations
and corporate donors who provide funds for the
arts, as well as giving 9,000 descriptions of recently
awarded grants, and indices by program and geo-
graphic areas.]
9. National Guide to Funding for the Environment and
Animal Welfare. 1994/1993. (Matches the arts and
culture guide immediately above.]
10.National Guide to Funding for Libraries and
Information Services. 2nd ed. (Matches the arts and.
culture guide, no. 8 above.]
Courses
The Foundation Center regularly offers courses.
such as the following:
1. Proposal Writing Seminars [$150I:
2. Common Grant Application and Budget Format
[free];
3. Grantsmanship in the 90's: An Overview for
Beginners [$351;
4. Grantsmanship: Program Planning and Proposal
Writing [2 parts $50 eachl).
Note: Many universities also offer courses in
grantwriting and foundation research.
Foundation Center Database
There is also a separate Foundation Center data-
base on the DIALOG databases relating to donors
and giving activities accessible by calling 1-800-
334-2564 or 212-620-4230.
Regional Branches of the Foundation Center
For information contact the nearest Foundation
Center:
1. Atlanta: Suite 150, Hurt Bldg, 50 Hurt Plaza,
Atlanta, GA 30303; tel: 404-880-0094
2. Cleveland: 1356 Hanna Bldg., 1422 Euclid Ave.,
Cleveland, OH 44115; tel: 216-861-1934
3. New York: 79 Fifth Ave.. New York, NY 10003-
3076;tel: 212-620-4230
4. San Francisco: 312 Sutter St., San Francisco, CA
94108; tel: 415-397-0902
5. Washington,DC: 1001 Connecticut Ave, NW, Suite
938, Washington, DC 20036; tel: 202-331-1400
Cooperating Collections
The Foundation Center has 200+ cooperating collec-
tions containing Foundation Center publications
and reference materials and trained reference staff
in all 50 states. For information on the cooperating
collection closest to you, call 1-800-424-9836.
Diane Vogt -O'Connor is the Senior Archivist,
Curatorial Services Division, National Park Service,
Washington, DC.
CRM N44-1995
�a.uur 026
13
AUG 2 1 1005
hh;N� n-F-`?7q�;stsT
United States Department of the Interior
National Park Service
NCPTT
HIS edition ofNotesfrom
the Center highlights
the Center's training
component. Developing and
facilitating training for Federal,
State and local resource
preservation professionals, cultural
resource managers, maintenance
personnel, and others working in
the preservation field is an
important aspect of the Center's
mission.
These Notes feature articles
describing two recent workshops sponsored by the Center. The first, a
workshop for archeologists and soil scientists, was held at Poverty Point
State Commemorative Area in Louisiana. The second was a workshop
which focused on the Cane River Creole National Historical Park and
Heritage Area in Natchitoches Parish.
FROM
CENTER
PTTBoard member James K.
Huhta, who chairs the Board's
subcommittee on training, is
profiled in this edition of the Notes.
In the coming months the
Center plans to offer workshops
and courses in preservation
awareness, technology transfer,
and continuing education. In so
doing, the Centerwill help provide
the general public as well as
preservation professionals with the
knowledge and skills required to
preserve the structures, sites, and
landscapes that comprise our
national cultural heritage.
Comments and items of
interest for the next newsletter
should be sent to the editor of the
upcoming Notes, Mary Striegel.
-�.uu, 027
The National Historic Preservation
Act Amendments of 1992 established the
National Center for Preservation
Technology and Training at
Northwestern State University of Louisiana
in Natchitoches, Louisiana.
The Center and its advisory board —
the Preservation Technology and
Training Board — were organized
throughout 1993 and 1994, andthe Center's
staff arrived in Natchitoches between
October 1994 andJanuary 1995.
The Center is an interdisciplinary effort
by the National Park Service to advance
the practice of historic preservation in the
fields of archeology, architecture, landscape
architecture, materials conservation, and
history. The Center's mission is
implemented through its three components
— research, training, and information
management.
The Center's research component
emphasizes innovative, practical solutions
to current preservation and conservation
questions.
The Center's training component
emphasizes preservation skills
enhancement, lifelong learning at all levels
of preservation practice, and continuing
education for preservation professionals.
The Center's information
management component emphasizes
cultural resources data management and
information distribution that are innovative
and appropriate for the electronic age.
This feature is the fourth profile in an occasional
series that highlights the careers of people who
motivate and guide preservation practice in the
United States.
James K. Huhta
James K. Huhta is a member of the
Preservation Technology and Training
Board, and chair of the Board's Training
and Education subcommittee.
Jim is a native of Ohio. He received
his B.A. from Baldwin -Wallace College
and received his M.A. and Ph.D. in early
American history from the University of
North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Jim has
been on the faculty of Middle Tennessee
State University in Murfreesboro since
1965. In 1973, he founded MTSU's
Historic Preservation Program, serving
as its director until 1990. In 1984, he was
also appointed director of the new Center
of Excellence in Historic Preservation at
MTSU, the office he currently holds.
Jim's work has focused on
preservation training and education. He
was an invited participant at the National
Trust's Belmont Conference on
Preservation Education in 1978, and from
1978 to 1980 served as chair of the ad hoc
national committee that organized the
National Council for Preservation
Education. Jim served as NCPE president
from 1980 to 1984. and as chair of its
professional training standards committee
from 1986 to 1992. Between 1988 and
1993 Jim chaired the professional training
standards committee of the National
Council for Public History. He also has
chaired the Training Committee of US/
ICOMOS and served on the ICOMOS
International Training Committee.
Jim's work in K-12 heritage
education began with directing the
National Endowment for the Humanities -
funded Mid -South Humanities Project,
which developed in-service training teams
for teachers in ten states between 1978
and 1984. The project emphasized the
use of local community resources in the
classroom.
In addition, Jim served on the National
Trust for Historic Preservation's Board of
Advisors from 1981 to 1990, where he
spearheaded the effort to create the Trust's
national heritage education and heritage
tourism initiatives. Between 1987 and 1991
he served on the National Council of the
American Association for State and Local
History, during which time he also was a
member of the editorial board of The Public
Historian. Jim is founding president of the
Tennessee Heritage Alliance, and has served
on Tennessee's review board for the federal
historic preservation program since 1986.
In Murfreesboro, he currently chairs eleven
city and county heritage projects being
developed for Tennessee's Bicentennial in
1996. In February 1994, President Bill
Clinton appointed Dr. Huhta to a four-year
term on the Advisory Council for Historic
Preservation as an expert member.
The Center is pleased to have the
advantage of Dr. Huhta's long perspective
on heritage education and his good advice
on fulfilling the Center's training mission.
This article is the third in aseties on the activities
of the Materials Research Program. The focus is
Dr. Michael Reddy's work on the dry
deposition ofpollutants on calcareous
stone.
Mwhael Reddy is a hydro logcstwiththe Water
Resources Division of United States
Geological Survey, located in Boulder,
Colorado. His research activities udhin the
Center's Materials Research Program have included
studies ofthe rim -off chemistryfrom National Acid
Precipitation Assessment Program (NAPAP) test
sites, and the factors drat control the dissolution of
carbonate stone. His most recent work focuses on
modeling the transport ofsu�fur into limestone and
marble.
Calcareous stone is composed of calcite
(calcium carbonate). Limestone and marble,
both virtually pure calcite, are used as
NCPrr Nams a- 2 R `-0 ( l 028
building materials in the construction of
buildings, monuments and carved stone
statuary. In recent years, the degradation
of these building materials has been widely
attributed to air pollution. Studies to
determine damage caused by air pollution
have pointed to the acidity of air and rain
— commonly termed acid rain.
Pollution can be deposited onto
calcareous stone in two ways — dry or wet
deposition. Wet deposition, which was
discussed in the previous Notes, takes place
in the form of dew, fog, and rain. Dry
deposition occurs when gaseous particles of
air pollution produced by the combustion
of fossil fuels in power stations, industrial
plants, road vehicles, and jet aircraft, are
deposited onto the surfaces of stone. These
particles interact with a thin water film
located on the surface and in pores, forming
acids that can attack the stone. The
particles include many different chemical
compounds. The most important species
are sulfur dioxide (SO,,) and nitrogen oxides
(NO,). Studies on nitrogen oxides have
been limited because of the difficulty in
measuring the amounts of nitrogen oxides
in air and relating the species to damage
seen on stone. Current research has focused
primarily on the effects of sulfur dioxide on
stone.
When sulfur dioxide is deposited on
the water film, it is converted to sulfuric
acid that readily attacks the calcium
carbonate structure of limestone andmarble
to form a black crust or coating of gypsum
(CaSO,.2H20). Gypsum crusts are usually
found in damaged areas that receive little
rain or rain runoff. This is because
gypsum crusts can be washed away from
the surface of the stone by rain or can be
redeposited in sheltered areas by rain
runoff. In the process the surface of the
stone is eroded. Reddy's earlier work with
calcium runoff studies suggests that 20
percent of the damage seen on the surface
of the stone may be a result of dry
deposition of sulfur dioxide.
Damage by dry deposition is not
limited to surface erosion or the formation
of the black crust. Sulfur compounds can
be transported to depths within the stone
through pores located throughout the stone.
This process may lead to flaking, cracking,
or spalling of the stone.
Reddy and his colleagues are
developing a model to describe the
distribution of sulfates in limestone and
marble. The model is based on the idea
that the transport of these compounds is
a diffusion process that can be described
mathematically. The model assumes that
an unlimited supply of sulfate is available
at the surface of the stone and that it
moves to the interior through pores by
molecular diffusion. Using his model,
Reddy can calculate the theoretical
concentration of sulfates at any distance
within the stone. He and his colleagues
then have looked at actual sulfate
distribution in stone samples exposed at
field sites and compared the actual
distribution to that calculated using the
model.
Reddy's model predicts both where
the sulfur will be found in the stone and the
amount found at each location. The
model accurately describes where the
sulfate is found when compared to the
field data, but it underestimates the
amount of sulfur that accumulates at each
location. Other processes may need to be
incorporated into the model as it
continues to develop. For example, this
model does not account for the fact that
the concentration of the sulfate ion on the
surface is changed by both the movement
of ions into the stone and the formation of
the gypsum crust at the surface of the
stone. As the model develops, a better
understanding of the processes by which
damage occurs will evolve.
An ongoing debate concerns the most
effective method of retarding or arresting
this type of air pollution damage. By
understanding the way in which this
damage occurs, scientists, conservators,
and preservationists can start to develop
better treatments for mitigating the
damage.
Reddy's work demonstrates the
development of basic research funded by
the Materials Research Program to further
the understanding of damage associated
with acid rain. For more information
regarding this recent work, contact:
Dr. Michael Reddy
3031541-3012
mmreddy @gum by. a. mgs.gov
U.S. Geological Sunny
P.O. Box 25046
Denver Federal Center, MS 408
Denver, CO 80225-0046
- Mary F. Striegel
Presentations
Preservation Demonstrations: A
Workshop for Historic Building
Owners
Lafayette, Indiana
June 2-4
Historic neighborhoods in Lafayette
served as case study sites for an annual
preservation conference organized by the
Western Regional Office of the Historic
Landmarks Foundation of Indiana.
Co-sponsors included the Wabash Valley
Trust for Historic Preservation and
Lafayette Neighborhood Housing
Services. Scott Zimmermann and
Mark Dollase of the Western Regional
Office moderated the conference.
Initial sessions covered the role of
historic preservation in community
preservation, project identification and
inspection, project planning and financing,
and a practical discussion of the National
Register process. Subsequent sessions
provided participants"hands-on" tutorials
in preservation crafts and trades, including
electricity, plumbing, millwork, masonry and
finishes. As part of his Inspecting the Shncture
session, John Robbins discussed the Center's
mission and the Center's impact on
grassroots and private preservation efforts.
The Lafayette workshop was a model
forum for promoting better understanding
of historic preservation — in particular,
400 0 029 Ncarr NOtES a- 3
developing an understanding of the
importance of appropriate preservation
trade and craft techniques. The Center
was pleased to join Historic Landmarks
Foundation of Indiana's fine efforts. From
this experience, the Center looks forward
to working with Historic Landmarks
Foundation on enhancing this worthwhile
workshop and to working with other
statewide organizations on similar
"preservation weekends".
Annual meeting of the Louisiana
Preservation Alliance
St Francisville, Louisiana
June 9-11
The statewide Louisiana
Preservation Alliance is committed to
developing the preservation community
in Louisiana and encouraging community
and private preservation efforts. By
invitation from Saidee Newell of
Natchitoches, John Robbins had an
opportunity to address annual meeting
participants on the role of the Center
within the national historic preservation
movement and special opportunities for
the Center to be a resource for the
Louisiana preservation community. The
meeting provided a forum for exchange
between the Center and LPA members,
and a chance to begin planning future
cooperative efforts.
Workshops
Archeology and Soils Workshop
Poverty Point State Commemorative Area
Epps, Louisiana
June 8-11
The NCPTT-sponsored workshop on
soil development in mound fill convened
archeologists, geomorphologists, and
National Resources Conservation Service
soil scientists in an innovative workshop
setting. The meeting included forty-five
participants from Arkansas, Louisiana,
Mississippi, and Texas. The purpose was
to discuss how soil formation —
pedogenesis — in mound fill can be used to
estimate a mound's age as Archaic,
Woodland, or Mississippian.
Poverty Point State Commemorative
Area is one of the most exceptional
archeological sites in North America. The
site features a massive complex of Indian
mounds and ridges dated to between 1700
and 1200 B.C. The vast earthworks are
estimated to have required five million
hours of labor. Located in West Carroll
Parish east of Monroe, Louisiana, the 400
acres were designated a National Historic
Landmark in 1962.
Instruction at the workshop focused on
how to apply standard soils terminology to
prehistoric earthen mound stratigraphy,
andto standardizesoil horizon terminology
for midden deposits, basket -loaded material,
and soil development within these anthropic
deposits.
Presentations included a primer on
pedogenesisbyconsulting geomorphologist
Dr. Rolfe Mandel; results of pedogenesis
research in mound fill in northeast
Louisiana by Thurman Allen, NRCS
soil scientist; recovery of macrobotanical
data by Dr. Vaughn M. Bryant, Jr.,
chairman of the Department of
Anthropology at Texas A&M University;
thermoluminescence datingbyDr.James
Feathers of the Department of
Anthropology at the University of
Washington at Seattle; and oxidizable
carbon ration dating by Douglas Frink
of Archeology Consulting Team, Inc., in
Vermont. Evening lectures included an
archeological overview of Poverty Point by
Dr. Jon Gibson, Director of
Archeological Studies at the University of
Southwestern Louisiana and a PTTBoard
member; results of a three-year soil coring
project at Poverty Point by Dr. Glen
Greene, retired professor of anthropology
in the Department of Geosciences at
Northeast University of Louisiana; and a
review of the geomorphology of the Lower
Mississippi Valley byDr. Roger Saucier,
retired anthropologist ofthe US Army Corps
of Engineers' Waterways Experiment
Station in the Vicksburg District.
In addition to the lectures at Poverty
Point, on -site instruction was conducted at
Poverty Point, Watson Brake, and
Frenchman's Bend Mounds. Research at
these sites has demonstrated that Poverty
Point dates to between 1700and 1200B.C.
(Gibson), while Frenchman's Bend Mounds
and Watson Brake date to >3000 B.C.
(Saunders, Allen, Mandel, and Saucier).
Open test excavations at Poverty Point and
Watson Brake and soil cores at Frenchman's
Bend gave participants the opportunity to
examine mound profiles, stages of mound
construction, and the stratigraphic position
of radiometric data used to establish the
ages of the sites.
. The workshop concluded with an
examination ofsoil cores from Frenchman's
Bend Mounds (ca. 4000 B.C.), Hedgepeth
Mounds (ca. 3000 B.C.), Poverty Point
Mound A (ca. 1500 B.C.), Marksville
Mounds (ca. A.D. 150?), Landreneau
Mounds (ca. A.D. 300), and Lake Providence
Mounds (ca. A.D. 1000). The cores
illustrated the three stages of soil
development: Stage I, Entisol (A, C
horizons); Stage II, Inceptisol (A, Bw, C);
and Stage III, Alfisol/Ultisol (A, Bt, C).
The Mississippian mound contained an A,
C profile (Entisol); the Woodland mounds
an A, Bw, C profile; and the Archaic
mounds an A, Bt, C profile. Subject to the
critical review of the participants, it was
generally agreed that stages of soil
development can provide corroboratingdata
for estimating the ages of prehistoric
mounds.
Joe Saunders
Joe is I,ouisiana Regional Archaeologist at
Northeast Louisiana Unroerniy in Monroe, and
organized the workshop.
Heritage Area Workshop
Natchitoches
June 12-16
The workshop, sponsored jointly by
NCPTT and Northwestern State
University's Department of Social Sciences,
took place on the NSU campus.
Participants were from throughout Louisiana
and the U.S., including New York, Florida,
Texas, and Mississippi. The conference
theme was the multicultural nature of
heritage areas and the need for an
interdisciplinary approach to researching
heritage area historyand folkways.
How such an approach informs and
enriches the development of a heritage
area was demonstrated through case studies
of selected ethnic communities within the
NCPrr N= a -'i
.'J.Ju,030
recently established Cane River Creole
National Park and Heritage Area. Groups
studied included Creoles, African
Americans, and Native Americans —the
Caddos, in this case.
Congress established the Cane River
Creole park in October, 1994. The
legislation cites Natchitoches as the site
of the oldest permanent settlement in the
Louisiana Purchase territory, and Cane
River's significance as a transportation
route and the site of concentrations of
Creole structures and culture. It noted
the area's role as a "base for a holistic
approach to understanding the broad
continuum of history within the region."
Congress proposed that the new national
park "assist in the preservation and
interpretation of, and education
concerning, the Creole culture and
diverse history of the Natchitoches
region."
Primary workshop presenters were
Dr. H.F. (Pete) Gregory, demonstrating
an anthropological and ethnographic
research approach, and Dr. Ann Patton
Malone, who presented a historian's
methods, both documentary and oral. In
addition to lectures, the workshop included
panel discussions which featured
representatives both of local historical and
heritage groups and of various
governmental agencies. Members of case
study groups addressed their own folklore
and folkways. Afternoon tours focused on
the natural landscape of the area and how
the terrain had dictated settlement and
development patterns, Creole architecture
within the Natchitoches Historic District,
the Creole community of Ile Brevelle, and
African -American culture along Cane River
before and after the Civil War.
Two of the ethnic study days
culminated in special events. At the
conclusion of the Ile Brevelle tour, workshop
participants and Center staff enjoyed a
dinner of local cuisine —gumbo, meat pies,
and rice dressing — in the parish hall of
historic St. Augustine church. After the
African -American tour, the Asbury
Sanctuary and Interdenominational Choirs
provided an evening performance in
Natchitoches' Asbury Methodist Church,
established in 1866 by local freedmen. The
keynote speaker was Dr. Alferdteen
Harrison, Director ofthe Margaret Walker
Alexander Research Center at Jackson
State University and a PTTBoard member.
Departing from her planned presentation,
Dr. Harrison instead gave a moving and
personal talk that ended with a challenge
to the local African -American community
to research and interpret its own history,
particularly through the voices of its oldest
members.
-Carolyn Breedlove
Carolyn auisted in organizing the workshop,
and is now interning unM the Center.
AIC Advisory Council
St. Paul
June 6
A meeting of the Advisory Council
to the American Institute for
Conservation of Historic and
Artistic Works preceded AIC's 23rd
annual meeting in St. Paul. The AIC
Advisory Council includes organizations
involved in complementary preservation
and conservation efforts and serves to
encourage dialogue and exchange within
the conservation community. John
Robbins represented the Center, and
several collaborative projects among the
Center, AIC, and other Advisory Council
organizations were discussed towards
further development. AIC President
Debbie Hess Norrisand AIC Executive
Director Sarah Z. Rosenberg are
enthusiastic about possibilities for working
with the Center on joint research, training,
and information management projects.
Meetings
CaUornia visit
May 25 June 2
Mark Gilberg visited the California
State Historic Preservation Office in
Sacramento, the NPS Western Regional
Office in San Francisco, the San Francisco
Maritime National Historical Park, the
California Park Service at Hearst Castle at
San Simeon, and the Western Regional
Office of the National Trust for Historic
Preservation in San Francisco. The Center's
training, research, and information
management programs were discussed.
Representativesof these organizations
were enthusiastic about the Center's goals
and expressed interest in the PTFGrants.
The Center hopes to address historic
preservation issues of concern to all
regions of the US.
23rd Annual Meeting ofthe American
Institute for Conservation
St. Paul
June 6-10
Mark Gilberg and Mary Striegel
attended the 23rd annual meeting of the
American Institute for Conservation of
Historic and Artistic Works.
+4v'.I U 0 1NCPrr NOTES 6 - 5
Approximately 750 participants from the
United States and around the world
attended the meeting. Twenty-two papers
were presented in the General Session,
which focused on Ethics in Conservation.
Other sessions included the specialties of
Architecture, Books and Paper,
Conservators in Private Practice, Objects,
Paintings, Photographic Materials,
Research and Technical Studies (RATS),
Textiles, and Wooden Artifacts.
As an invited speaker for the RATS
session, Mark presented an overview of
the Center and provided information on
the PTTGrants program. Other topics of
business included a review of the RATS
Research Survey Questionnaire, an
American Society for Testing and
Materials (ASTM) update and a
Commission on Preservation Access(CPA)
update.
James Stroud presented the work
being undertaken by CPA and the
National Information Standards
Organization relevant to the preservation
of library and archival materials. Six
research topics have been identified and
prioritized by CPA. These include the
study of temperature/rh dependence of
paper deterioration, the role of moisture
reservoirs in paper deterioration under
conditions of varying rh, the stability of
polyvinyl acetate adhesives in binders, the
effect of lignin on paper permanence, and
archival management for materials created
on magnetic media.
Since 1989 the RATS group has been
actively attempting to establish research
priorities. This information may prove
valuable to the Center in developing the
Center's research strategy, including
research projects and PTFGrants awards.
Officers for the RATS group were
elected during the meeting. Mary was
elected co -vice chair of the group along
with Jim Stroud, Chief Preservation
Officer at the Harry Ransom Humanities
Research Center, Austin. Mary and Jim
will be responsible for developing next
year's program for the RATS group and
for surveying RATS' members in order to
help develop a commentary on
documentation standards for AIC
members.
WORK IN PROGRESS
The Center's gopher
gopher://gopher.ncptt.nps.gov
That's the Universal Resource
Locator (URL, commonly known as the
address) for the Center's gopher.
Although there were some initial
complications in maintaining the gopher,
the problems appear to be resolved. In
the future, expect new and revised
information to be posted to the gopher
on a regular basis.
One option that is still incomplete is
the searchable archives of listservs. (A
listsery is an electronic discussion group.
Individuals who subscribe to the list
receive messages posted to it through e-
mail.) Our intention is to provide a
simple way to search past messages of
one or several listservs for specific topics.
Log files of all messages are automatically
generated by the listsery software, but
locating messages relating to a particular
subject is made easier by an archive that
is part ofa gopher. The MUSEUM-Larchive
is now accessible through the Center's
gopher via a "pointer" to its Berkeley site;
archives of other listservs will be added.
There have been questions about
accessing the Center's gopher from
commercial providers. The following is
general information regarding three major
service providers —
America Online: You mutt be running Ike
preuiewversionaflheAOLsoftruare(version 2.5for
Windows, version 2.6 for Macintosh). That
so, ftwmeincludesa World Wide Web browser through
which you can accessgophersites. Simply type in tlu
address (gopher//gophevncpttnps.gov).
Prodigy: Use Prodigy's World Wide Web browser
and lope in the address (gopher:/1
gopher. n cptt. nps.gov).
CompuServe: Select the Internet won andfollow
the prompts.
For more detailed information, or if
you use another provider, contact your
provider's customer service.
Since March, the Center's gopher has
received over 7,000 "hits," registered every
time an option is selected on the gopher.
The number of individual users is difficult
to ascertain from "hit" statistics, but we do
have an idea of the impressive geographic
distribution of the gopher's visitors and
their Internet service providers.
Users have accessed the gopher via
more than 600 different host computers at
universities, government agencies,
businesses, and service providers such as
America Online, Compuserve, Prodigy,
Delphi, and Pipeline. Hits have originated
in 21 countries —the US, Canada, Australia,
the United Kingdom, Italy, France, Norway,
Croatia, Greece, Netherlands, Slovenia,
Japan, Germany, Finland, Switzerland,
Mexico, Israel, the Faroe Islands, Austria,
Sweden, and Uruguay. We thank those
who have visited and hope they will come
again to see what's new. And we encourage
those who haven't used the gopher to see
what's available.
Submissions of material for the gopher
are welcome, including conference
announcements, calls for papers, training
announcements, job announcements, grant
announcements, newsletter text, or other
preservation -related information. If you
have comments or suggestions about the
NCPiT NOTES a - 6
-a.00 032
gopher, problems accessing the gopher, or
would like to submit material to be posted to
the gopher, contact Mary Carroll.
PTTGrauts
Grant proposals for fiscal year 1995 are
still under review. Mid July, a select
number of proposals will undergo a final
panel review prior to grant award. The
panel will include PT Board members and
recognized experts employed by the Federal
government in preservation -related
disciplines. The panel includes Blaine
Cliver, chief of NPS's Preservation
Assistance Division; Dr. Elizabeth Lyon,
chair of the PFTBoard; Carolyn L. Rose,
Deputy Chairman, Department of
Anthropology, Museum of Natural History,
Smithsonian Institution and PTTBoard
member; Dr. David Erhardt of the
Conservation Analytical Laboratory of the
Smithsonian; and Robert Nickel,
Supervisory Archeologist, Midwest
Archeology Center, NPS. 1995 PTTGrant
awards will be announced in August.
As the 1995 PTTGrants approach
award, the Center would like to gratefully
acknowledge the time and consideration of
everyone who participated in the peer
review process.
It is anticipated that the Center's 1996
PTTGrantswill be announced in early fall.
Individuals or institutions wishing to be
included on our PTTGrants mailing list
should contact the Center.
Center Welcomes Cane River Creole
Superintendent
The Center extends a warm welcome
to Henry G. Law, interim Superintendent
of Cane River Creole National
Historical Park and Heritage Area.
Henry, an historical architect, is Assistant
Superintendentof three areas in West Virginia
—New River Gorge National River, Gauley
River National Recreation Area, and
Bluestone National Scenic River. Prior to
West Virginia, Henry served over six years at
Kalaupapa National Historical Park in
Hawaii, first as Park historical architect and
later as superintendent.
Henry and the interim Park headquarters
join the Center on the NSU campus.
SOS!
Sarah Luster, a statewide
coordinator of Save Outdoor
Sculpture (SOS!), has begun working
at the Center's office. For the SOS!
project, the Center is collaborating with
Louisiana State University, especially in
the areas of volunteer training and
conservation expertise.
Sarah has a master's degree in art
history from Tulane University. Sarah's
responsibilities include completing the
SOS! survey in north Louisiana and
supervising completion of the survey in
southern Louisiana. Day-to-day
operation of the south Louisiana survey
will operate from LSU's Office of
Community Preservation.
SOS! is a nationwide sculpture
survey project oftheNational Museum
of American Art, the Smithsonian
Institution, and the National
Institute for the Conservation of
Cultural Property. Surveys have
been completed in forty-nine states and
the greater New Orleans area.
The Center is pleased to be working
with Sarah and LSU. For further
information or to inquire about SOS!
volunteer opportunities contact
-
North Louisiana Coordinator
Sarah B. Luster
NCPIT phone 318/357-6464
e-mail: lusters@alpha.nsula.edu
South Louisiana Coordinators
Barrett Kennedy
LSU School of Architecture, Office
of Community Preservation
504/388-6904
Richard Cox and intern Wendy
Post
LSU School of Art
504/388-5408
Center Welcomes Intern
The Center welcomes its first intern,
Carolyn Breedlove. Carolyn is a
graduate student in NSU's History -
Cultural Resource Management
program. Her undergraduate degree is
in French and English. She has taught
and worked as an editor and writer.
Carolyn will assist in compiling
information about existing training
programs and workshops offered by
preservation organizations. In addition,
she will help organize material on the
courses that the Center has planned and
given and will plan future workshops.
Carolyn is a welcome addition to our
staff and we are pleased to have her on
board through the summer and fall.
August 14-I6
African -American Heritage Tourism
in the Delta Region
Baton Rouge
The NPS and the Delta Development
Center will sponsor the first region -wide
African -American heritage tourism
conference in response to the Lower
Mississippi Delta Region Initiatives
enacted by Congress in 1994.
Conference workshops will cover a
wide range of topics and skills vital to
developing coordinated black heritage
tourism in the Mississippi Delta region.
The region comprises a seven -state area:
Arkansas, Illinois, Kentucky, Mississippi,
Missouri, Louisiana, and Tennessee.
For further information call
conference coordinator Kate Richardson
at 504/589-3882.
August 14-I8, October 9-13
Digital Imaging Workshops
Cornell Unwenity
The Cornell Department of
Preservation and Conservation is
sponsoring a series of one -week workshops
on the use of digital imaging technology.
Anne R. Kenney, Associate Director of
the Department of Preservation and
Conservation, and Stephen Chapman,
Digital Resources Librarian in the
Department, will serve as principal
faculty. For further information contact
Anne or Stephen at 607/255-9440,
fax 607/255-9346, or e-mail
ark3@cornell.edu or sc55@comell.edu.
.) ii
033 Ncprr NOTES a- 7
September 7-9
American Association for State and
Local History
Saratoga Springs, New York
AASLH's annual meeting theme is
Place, Pat(, Perspective.• local History and
Communities. Keynote speaker will be
Patricia Nelson Limerick, professor
of history at the University of Colorado
and co-chair of The Center of the
American West. For additional
information call Donna Baumgartner at
615/255-2971.
October 7-10
American Society of Landscape
Architects
Cleoeland, Ohio
Poet and playwright Maya Angelou
will be the keynote speaker at the annual
meeting of the. American Society of
Landscape Architects. The theme of
this year's meeting is Rmeunng the American
City. Other featured speakers include
Dr. Charles Fountain, founder of the
landscape architecture program at North
Carolina A&T University; M. Paul
Friedberg, who established the urban
landscape program at City College of
New York; Ian McHarg, author of
Design unth Nature; and John Ormsbee
Simonds, former Carnegie Mellon
University professor, author, and
community planner. For further
information about the meeting, call 202/
686-2752.
October 11-15
National Trust for Historic
Preservation
Fort Worth, Texas
The 0th annual meeting of the
National Trust for Historic
Preservation will feature the theme
Spategtes ou d Partnershtps jor a jYm Era. For
more information or a preliminary
program of the meeting, call theTrustat
800/944-NTHP.
November 4-5
Chemical Weathering Rates of
Silicate Minerals
New Orleans
The Mineralogical Society of
America will sponsor this short course.
Its purpose is to present a broad
interdisciplinary review of silicate
weathering processes. The course will
coincide with the release of Volume 31 of
the Reviews in Mineralogy Series.
A Symposium and Theme
Session on chemical weathering in
coordination with this shortcourse will take
place at the annual meeting of the
Geological Society of America the
following weekend, also in New Orleans.
For further information on the MSA Short
Course, call Art White at 415/329-4519
(e-mail: afwhite@rcamnl.wr.usgsgov) or
Susan Brantley at 814/863-1739 (e-mail:
b ran tley@geosc.psu. edu).
Notes from the Center
July 1995
Editor Frances Gale
Contributing Editors Carolyn Breedlove
Mary S. Carroll
Mark Gilberg
John Robbins
Joe Saunders
Mary F. Striegel
Our address NCPTT
NSU Box 5682
Natchitoches, LA 71497
Telephone 318/357-6464
Facsimile 318/357-6421
All illustrations are from Natchitoches:
The Up-to-DateOldestTown in Louisiana,
by Germaine Portre-Bobinski and Clara Mildred
Smith, published in 1936 by Da on -Pierson
Co., Ltd, ofNm Orleans.
Notes from the Center is published by
the National Park Service's National Center
for Preservation Technology and Training.
National Park Service
Roger G. Kennedy
Director
Katherine H. Stevenson
Associate Director, Cultural Resource
Stewadship and Partnerships
Preservation Technology and
Training Board
Elizabeth A. Lyon
Chair
Robert Z. Melnick
Irke-Chair
E. Blaine Cliver
Designated Federal Q$iaal
Neville Agnew
Nicholas Gianopulos
Jon L. Gibson
Alferdteen B. Harrison
James K. Huhta
W.JamesJudge
F. Blair Reeves
Carolyn L. Rose
Frank Emile Sanchis, III
Patty Jo Watson
NCPTT
Carolyn Breedlove
Training Intern
breedlovec@alpha.nsula.edu
Mary S. Carroll
Information Management Specialist
mcarroll@alpha.nsula.edu
Frances Gale
Training Coordinator
gale@adpha.nsula.edu
Mark Gilberg
Research Coordinator
gilbergm@alpha.nsula.edu
John Robbins
Executive Director
jrobbins@alpha.nsula.edu
Catherin Rotolo
Secretary
Mary F. Striegel
Research Associate
striegelm@alpha.nsula.edu
NCPTT NaMS 6 - 8 J
ll n ^ 4
•�.� 1,