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1997 11 20 HPC/ T LOU � / S �yxoF,M� HISTORICAL PRESERVATION COMMISSION AGENDA A Regular Meeting to be held in the Council Chambers at the La Quinta City Hall, 78-495 Calle Tampico, La Quinta, California November 20, 1997 3:30 P.M. I. CALL TO ORDER A. Pledge of Allegiance B. Roll Call II. PUBLIC COMMENT This is the time set aside for citizens to address the Historical Preservation Commission on matters relating to historic resources within the City of La Quinta which are not Agenda items. When addressing the Historical Commission, please state your name and address and when discussing matters pertaining to prehistoric sites, do not disclose the exact location of the site(s) for their protection. III. CONFIRMATION OF THE AGENDA IV. CONSENT CALENDAR: None V. BUSINESS ITEMS: A. Archaeological Survey Report for Parcel Map 28650 - Keith Companies VI. CORRESPONDENCE AND WRITTEN MATERIAL: None .c.Qijki001 HPC/AGENDA VIL COMMISSIONER ITEMS B. Certified Local Government Training Session 1. Mills Act - a presentation by Richard Patenaude, City of Palm Springs 2. Landmark Designations - a presentation by Robert Chattle, Chattle Construction Corporation VIII. ADJOURNMENT HPC/AGENDA .Ulu 0 002 HISTORIC PRESERVATION COMMISSION STAFF REPORT DATE: NOVEMBER 18, 1997 SUBJECT: ARCHAEOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF THE RETREAT AT THE QUARRY, TENTATIVE PARCEL MAP 28650 - LA QUINTA 7.5' USGS MAP - SEVEN ACRES, LA QUINTA, CALIFORNIA. APPLICANT: KEITH INTERNATIONAL, INC. ARCHAEOLOGIST: CHRISTOPHER E. DROVER, PH.D., KEITH COMPANIES A Phase I cultural resource assessment was submitted for a proposed 7 acre parcel map east of The Quarry development. The assessment was prepared at the request of the City of La Quinta for compliance with environmental review considerations under the California Environmental Quality Act. The Quarry was previously surveyed in 1993, by Keith Company archaeologists with two sites recorded, however, the seven acre site for the current project was not included in the earlier survey. The archive and field survey were conducted in November by Keith International, Inc. archaeologists. The only resource observed during the survey was one prehistoric ceramic pot sherd of Tizon Brown ware, a common local ceramic type. The report recommends monitoring of the grading activities, especially cuts. Given the known and recorded sites in the near vicinity, staff concurs with the recommendation, and requests that monitoring be made a condition of the grading permit for the proposed parcel map. Approve Historic Preservation Commission Minute Motion 97 accepting the archaeological report titled, "An Archaeological Assessment of the Retreat at The Quarry. Tentative Parcel Map 28650 La Quinta 7 5' USGS Map - Seven Acres. La Quinta California," prepared by Christopher E. Drover, Keith Companies, for Environmental Assessment 97-347, in partial compliance with the requirements of the California Environmental Quality Act (Appendix K). •u0u003 Attachments: 1 . Confidential Archaeological Report (Commissioners only) Prepared by: v V lie Mouriquand, Associ to Planner Submitted by: Hermab, Community Development Director P.,(j , 004 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT EVALUATION: An Archaeological Assessment of the Retreat at The Quarry Tentative Parcel Map 28650 La Quinta 7.5' USGS Map —Seven Acres La Quinta, California by: Christopher E. Drover, Ph.D. Project Archaeologist Keith Companies 2955 Redhill Avenue Costa Mesa, CA 92626 714-668-8361 for: Mr. Kris Schulze Keith International, Inc. 41-865 Boardwalk, Ste. 101 Palm Desert, California 92211 760-346-9844 11 November 97 005 TABLE OF CONTENTS MANAGEMENT SUMMARY ................................................ 3 UNDERTAKING INFORMATION ............................................ 4 SETTING.................................................................5 Natural Setting........................................................ 5 Cultural Setting....................................................... 5 RESEARCH STRATEGY ................................................... 8 RESEARCH METHODS .................................................... 9 REPORT OF FINDINGS .................................................... 9 MANAGEMENT CONSIDERATIONS ........................................ 10 REFERENCES CITED ..................................................... 11 APPENDICES............................................................14 ProjectMap.........................................................15 Personnel Qualifications................................................ 16 006 MANAGEMENT SUMMARY In November 1997, Mr. Kris Schulze of Keith International, Palm Desert authorized an archaeological assessment of a parcel in La Quinta, California, as part of advanced planning for a proposed commercial and residential project. A cultural resources assessment was necessary for a constraints analysis for planning purposes and to satisfy the requirements of the City of La Quinta with regard to identification and protection of cultural resources as specified by the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA). An archaeological record check and survey were undertaken in October for the 7-acre project site located in the northwest 1/4 of Section 29 on the La Quinta 7.5' USGS quadrangle, to ascertain whether any cultural resources might be impacted by the proposed usage. A surface survey conducted on the subject property and a check of the archaeological site records on file at the Eastern California Information Center (EIC), University of California, Riverside, were accomplished. The property, parcels 761-070-077 and 761-070-009, is to be processed as tentative parcel map #28650 by Keith International and is slated for residential and commercial development. The subject: property, triangular in shape, is immediately south of Lake Cahuilla and is defined by Lake Cahuilla Road on the north, Tom Fazio Lane North on the west and Quarry Lane to the south. , Survey activities resulted in the definition of no historical or archaeological sites. A single Tizon Brown pottery sherd was recovered from the property but no other artifacts were noted. As I-.il li, 007 4 only a single, isolated artifact was located during survey activities a formal archaeological site cannot be recorded. However, the proximity of the subject property to the high beach line of historic Lake Cahuilla and the presence of a surface artifact may indicate the possibility of further, subsurface archaeological materials. Hence it is recommended below that a grading monitor be present during earth moving activities (primarily cut activities). Given the size, duration and results of the survey of the subject property, no field notes or collections were made. The final report will reside with the City of La Quinta, the Eastern Information Center and Keith Companies International. UNDERTAKING INFORMATION The Keith Companies International of Palm Desert requested an archaeological survey of the subject property through the Keith Companies Costa Mesa Office on behalf of their client. The purpose of the survey was to meet the cultural resources constraints analysis specifications of the City of La Quinta with regard to identification and protection of cultural resources as specified by the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA). The subject property consists of a triangular parcel of land, approximately seven acres in size located near recreational Lake Cahuilla in La Quinta, California (see attached map). The activities to be conducted included an archaeological records search conducted by David Smith at the Eastern California Information Center, University of California, Riverside, a field survey conducted by Mr. Richard Krautkrammer and subsequent report preparation by the author. It was estimated that the records search and survey could be conducted in two person -days and that report preparation could be conducted in a similar time frame. SETTING Natural Setting The physiographic setting of the subject property is within the alluvial fan of Guadalupe and Devil Canyon Creeks east of Coral Reef Mountains. The general drainage on the property is southwest to northeast characterized historically by braided sheet wash drainages. Present soils on the property consist of fine grain alluvium much of which have been deposited by wind (eolian) over deeper, water -borne: alluvia from sheet wash deposition. Precipitation is mainly a result of winter dominant, frontal storms from the northwest, although occasional summer thundershowers result from damp air intruding from the southern (Gulf of Mexico --Sea of Cortez) monsoon season. The property is about 10 feet above sea level. The native plants growing on the property include mesquite (Proso ris Julii flora), and shadscale-saltbush (Atriplex sp.), with the intrusion of tamarisk in recent years. Historically the plant community likely consisted of mesquite woodland and is noted as having rather specific ethnographic uses among the Cahuilla (Bean and Saubel 1972). Cultural Setting A records search was conducted by Mr. David Smith at the Eastern California. Information Center (EIC), a part of the Archaeological Research Unit located at the University of California, Riverside. As the records search was conducted in person, a formal records search document (letter) was not provided.. The client had provided parcel maps and locational maps for help in .fl'il 009 locating the project. The subject property was located on the La Quinta 7.5' topographical map and checked against similar maps and records at the EIC. The records search at the EIC indicated that no formal survey had ever been conducted on the property and that no sites were recorded on the subject property. Several of the closest surveys conducted nearby (within 1/2 mile), indicate negative results (Drover 11994a and 1994b). There are several recorded sites within a mile of the site, and are described as follows. CA-Riv-37 and CA-Riv-1715 are located approximately 0.8 km southeast of the property along the northern edge of a series of small hills. CA-Riv-37 was first recorded in 1947 by Safford, and although the record is brief, it depicts numerous renderings of petroglyphs on boulders located there in Devils Canyon. Later, in 1973, additional drawings were added to the record by Shepard (Safford, 1947), but no other details concerning the site are recorded. In 1987, Daniel McCarthy revisited the site and reported that there were 13 discreet loci of petroglyphs located along the talus at the base of the slope. He also noted the existence of several "brown ware" sherds scattered about the base of the tufa-coated boulders (McCarthy, 1987). Another site, CA-Riv-1715 is located immediately northeast of CA-Riv-37 and shares a common boundary with that site. First recorded in 1979 by T.M. Kearns, the record indicates that the Riv-1715 consists of a "very sparse to moderate sherd scatter --isolated sherds and thin clusters... scattered over the pediment" (Kearns, 1979). Kearns further notes that the scatter "may be part of generalized sherd scatter noted all along the lake shore in this area..." . He also mentions the existence of a "possible circular rock alignment... granite cobbles". A report accompanied this most recent site record by Salenius (1979), and has little to add but (toes indicate that the site "has been partially disturbed by construction of the Coachella Aqueduct and 11 ) 010 two dirt roads" Two other sites, Riv-626 and 627 are nearby and discussed by Chace and Brechbiel (1993). Riv-626 consists of 50 stone cairns and was initially recorded by Reynolds in 1973 and later updated in 1980, 1991 and 1993 (Chace and Brechbiel 1993). This site sometimes refered to as the "Stonehenge of La Quinta" was recently the subject of an oral presentation given by Paul Chace at a local archaeological meeting (Paul Chase Personal Communication). Riv-627, originally recorded by Reynolds in 1973 has apparently been destroyed by winter alluvial erosion (Chace and Brechbiel 1993). Another famous, nearby site indicative of substantial occupation, petroglyphs and a sizeable population is Riv-193 located in the Coral Reef Mountains (Section lr� 28) as well as Riv-549fspanning Sections 17 and 26. Many of the archaeological sites of the larger area are late prehistoric age (pottery present) and are related to residential and food procurement activities associated with Cahuilla peoples around the high beach lines of the Blake Sea (Lake Cahuilla). A prolonged diversion of Colorado River waters beginning ca. A.D. 900 filled the Salton Basin to a maximum depth of the +42' contour line (a depth of 315") (Wilke 1978). After some fluctuation in lake stands the peak of the last prehistoric lake stand occurred at approximately A.D. 1400 only to undergo a quick evaporation -desiccation sequence after A.D. 1500 (Wilke 1978:58). At an evaporation rate of approximately 5'/z' per year the desiccation of the lake was quite rapid leaving fifteen observable sessionary beach lines visible in some areas, each reflect a one year of evaporation. The desiccation of the Lake resulted in rapid loss of water quality and had severe impacts on the native populations which had come to depend on lacustrine resources. The commonly utilized fresh water clam (Anodonta dejecta) which appears frequently in dense refuse deposits in local Oil archaeological sites is thought to have disappeared within 10 year of recession (Wilke 1978:9). In all, 30-40 years of lake recession would likely have rendered the Lake useless for human use due to salinity and eutrophication by ca. A.D. 1530 (Wilke 1978:10; 58-9). The eventual desiccation of Lake Cahuilla resulted in the emigration of human populations (proto-historic Cahuilla) to the south and west through San Gorgonio Pass into the San Jacinto Plains (Wilke 1971; O'Connell et al. 1974). Post lacustrine settlement patterns seem to consist of campsites or villages (located near perennial water sources such as Morongo) and sporadic temporary activity locations. Considering the topography and proximity of the subject parcel to the ancestral lake and other resources, site density may be expected to be moderate to low. Based on settlement/subsistence observations of the area, temporary activity sites or isolated artifacts might be expected in the general area, however, they would more likely be located near historic wells such as Seven Palms settlement approximately ten miles southwest (Drover 1988) or nearer to the high lake stand just east of Washington Avenue. At European contact times, the study area was within areas occupied by groups known as the Cahuilla. The Cahuilla culture area incorporated east -central Riverside County, consisting of desert, pass (San Gorgonio Pass) and mountain groups each affiliation describing the exploitation areas of each group. Desert Cahuilla ranged throughout the Coachella Valley from almost El Centro to Cabezon; the Pass Cahuilla occupied San Gorgonio Pass and the Mountain Cahuilla dominated the Santa Rosa Mountains, The Cahuilla are linguistically comprised of a language of the Shoshonean (Uto-Aztecan) language family (Kroeber 1925: Plate 57). The Contact period ethnicity of the study area is clear as the modern Cahuilla reservations ofMorongo and Agua Caliente are nearby. Ethnographic literature pertinent to the Cahuilla and surrounding 012 ethnographic groups is fairly extensive and has been collected since the 1800's (see Barrows 1900; Sparkman 1908; Kroeber 1925; White 1963 and Bean 1972). RESEARCH STRATEGY The results of the records search at the EIC indicated that the subject property had never been formally surveyed. Based on personal experience and literature regarding the general area, it was recognized that the general vicinity of the subject property lies within a sensitive area with regard to cultural resources. The area in question is near the high beach line of the historic Lake Cahuilla, an area known to have a relatively high density of archaeological sites resulting from enhanced human population associated with the peak productivity of the high lake stand lacustrine environment. Occupation of the subject property would likely have occurred during the highest lake stand, hence, providing information regarding the subsistence and cultural effects of a group of people at a given time period. Unfortunately, the size of the subject property and lack of cultural materials do not lend themselves to addressing this problem. RESEARCH METHODS Mr. Richard Krautkramer, a Keith Companies field archaeologist was sent to survey the property and determine if any cultural resources existed. On November 10, Mr. Krautkramer visited the subject property and conducted a reconnaissance survey. This consisted of walking five meter transects across the entire property and visually scrutinizing the entire area for artifacts, features, structures, alignments or other indications that cultural activities had occurred there in the past. . ),J 013 10 REPORT OF FINDINGS During the course of the survey a single sherd of Tizon Brown ware was discovered near the center of the property but no other artifacts were noted. Given the absence of any other artifacts on the property it is assumed that this single specimen is an isolate and does not constitute an archaeological site. DISCUSSION/INTERPRETATION The lack of evidence of prehistoric occupation of the subject parcel is not difficult to understand in light of the small size of the project area and the fact that surface disturbances were evident. Given the lack of prehistoric sites on the property there is little to no contribution that can be made to the understanding of local prehistory with the exception of "negative information". While the one-time shoreline conditions of the property may not have been particularly rich due to the proximity of nearby bedrock, it is likely that prehistoric occupants of the general area would have been "funneled" near the project area due to the lake's proximity to the mountainous topography to the south and west. Human transhumance through the area and proximity of archaeological sites CA-Riv-37 and CA-Riv-1715, is likely to have generated isolated artifact a deposition or "pot drops" which are characteristic of the areroday. MANAGEMENT CONSIDERATIONS As no historic or prehistoric sites were found, no constraints exist for planning purposes. The discovery of a single pottery sherd on the property does suggest the possibility that buried deposits may exist on the property and a qualified archaeologist should be present to monitor the 11 soils during grading operations. An on -site grading monitor would prepare a written report including a daily log and recording any cultural resources which may be encountered. While it is unlikely, the observer would be empowered to stop (or relocate) excavation activities for short periods of time to conduct further, controlled excavation for evaluation of significance. A pre -grading conference should be held to clarify monitoring specifications with the grading contractor and County/City Grading Inspector. REFERENCES Barrows, David P. 1900 The Ethno-botany of the Coahulla Indians of Southern California. Chicago Press. (Reprinted 1976 by Malki Museum, Banning). Bean, Lowell J. 1972 Mukat's People: The Cahuilla Indians of Southern California. Berkeley: University of California Press. Bean, Lowell J., and Katherine S. Saubel 1972 Temalpakh: Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants. Banning, Ca.: Malki Museum Press. Chace, Paul G. And Brant A. Brechbiel 1993 An Archaeological Monitoring and Documentation Program. The Quarry at La Quinta, City of La Quinta. Report Prepared by the Keith Companies, Costa Mersa. Ms. on file Eastern Information Center University of California, Riverside. Chace, Paul G. And Charles Reeves 1996 A Cultural Resources Survey for the U. S. Bureau of Land Management Segment of the Jefferson Street Alignment Project. City of La Quinta. Ms. on file Eastern Information Center University of California, Riverside. 015 Drover, Christopher E., 1988 An Environmental Impact Evaluation Mitigation By Data Collection: Riv- 1825; 1827; 2645 and 2648 Seven Palms Ranch, Desert Hot Springs, California. Ms. on file Eastern Information Center University of California, Riverside. 1994a An Archaeological Assessment of the Tentative Tract 28034 La Quinta 7.5' USGS Map La Quinta, California. Manuscript on file at the Eastern Information Office University of California, Riverside, Department of Anthropology. 1994b An Archaeological Assessment of Parcel number 761-058-006 La Quinta 7.5' USGS Map La Quinta, California. Manuscript on file at the Eastern Information Office University of California, Riverside, Department of Anthropology. Kearns, T.M. , 1979 Site Record on Lila: at Archaeological Research Unit, Eastern California Information Center. University of California, Riverside, California. Kroeber, Alfred L. 1925 Handbook of the Indians of California. Washington, D.C.: Bureau of American. Ethnology Bulletin 78. McCarthy, D. 1987 Site Record on filar at Archaeological Research Unit, Eastern California Information Center. University of California, Riverside, California. O'Connell, J. F., P. J. Wilke, T. F. King, and C. L. Mix (Eds.) 1974 Perris Reservoir Archaeology: Late Prehistoric Demographic Change in Southeastern California. Sacramento: Department of Parks and Recreation Archaeological Reports 14. Salenius, S., 1979 Archaeological Survey Report On The O'Neal Property, Coachella Valley, Riverside County, California. Manuscript #632 on file at the Eastern California Information Center, Archaeological Research Unit. University of California, Riverside, California. Stafford 1947 Site Record on file at Archaeological Research Unit, Eastern California Information Center. University of California, Riverside, California. Sparkman, Philip S. 1908 The Culture of the Luisefio Indians. Berkeley: University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 8: 147-234. 12 016 13 White, R. C. 1963 Luiseno Social Organization. Berkeley: University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnography 48: 91-194. Wilke, Philip J. 1971 Late Prehistoric Change in Land Use Patterns at Perris Reservoir. Los Angeles: University of California Los Angeles Archaeological Survey Annual Report 13. 1978 Late Prehistoric Human Ecology at Lake Cahuilla, Coachella Valley, California. Berkeley: University of California Archaeological Research Facility Contributions No. 38. 017 14 APPENDICES PROJECT AREA LA QLIINTA 7.5' USGS TOPOGRAPHICAL MAP 019 16 Christopher E. Drover ACADEMIC --CULTURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT RESUME Address Certification: 125 Abalone Ave. Society of Professional Archaeologists (SOPA) Newport Beach, California 9266:2 Founding Member (714) 673-1646 Education Ph.D. --Anthropology-- 1979 University of California, Riverside M. A.--Anthropology--1972 California State University, Fullerton B. A.--Anthropology--1970 California State University, Fullerton Ph.D. Dissertation: Late Prehistoric Human Ecology of the Northern Mohave Sink, San Bernardino County, California. Teaching Experience 1995-ongoing University of California, Irvine, Visiting Professor 1973-ongoing Golden West College, Huntington Beach, California, full-time, tenured, professor. 1984-1994 University of California, Irvine, 'Visiting Professor 1975 University of California, Riverside, Lecturer 1973 Chapman College, Orange, Instructor, part-time 1973 Santa Ana College, Santa Ana, Instructor, part-time 1973 University of California, Irvine, Instructor, extension 1971-1972 California State University, Fullerton, Instructor, part-time 020 Subjects Taught Cultural Anthropology Physical Anthropology Introductory Archaeology Indians of California Physical Anthropology Laboratory North American Indians Archaeological Field Methods Southwestern Archaeology Medical Anthropology Professional Publications Professional Affiliations Society for American Archaeology Society of Professional Archaeologists (qualified; founding member) Museum of Northern Arizona American Rock Art Research Association 1986 Obsidian Exchange in Prehistoric Orange County. Pacific Coast Archaeological Society Quarterly Vol. 22, No. 1. 1985 Navajo Settlement and Architecture in Southeastern California. Journal of California and Great Basin Anthropology. Vol. 7, No. 1. 1984 Horizon and Tradition on the Southern California Coast: A Rejoinder. Journal of Califon-nia and Great Basin Anthropolog, Vol. 6, No. 2. (with H.C. Koerper senior author). 1983 Early Holocene Human Adaptation on the Southern California Coast: A Summary Report of Investigations at the Irvine Site (CA-Ora-64), Newport Bay, Orange County, California. Pacific Coast Archaeological Society Quarterly Vol. 19, Nos. 3 and 4. (with H. C. Koerper and P. Langenwalter). 1983 Chronology Building for Coastal Orange County: The Case from CA-Ora-119-A. Pacific Coast Archaeological Society Quarterly Vol. 19, No. 2. (with H.C. Koerper senior author). 1982 Views on the Basic Data of Archaeology. In New Uses of Systems Theory in Archaeology. E. G. Stickel, Ed., Los Altos: Ballena Press Anthropological Papers No. 24. 1981 The Ethnohistory of Turquoise Mining in Southeastern California. Journal of California and Great Basin Anthropology Vol. 2, No. 2. 1981 Prehistoric Turquoise Mining in the Halloran Springs District, San Bernardino County California. Journal of California and Great Basin Anthropology Vol. 2, No. 2. (with N. Nelson Leonard senior author). 1979 Thermoluminescence Determinations of Early Ceramic Material From Coastal Southern California. American AntiquitVol. 44, No. 2. 17 921 18 1979 A Review of "A Southern California Indigenous Ceramic Typology: A Contribution to Malcolm J. Rogers Research" by R. V. May. Journal of California and Great Basin Anthropology Vol. 1, No. 1. 1978 Gabrielino Tizon Brown Pottery. Pacific Coast Archaeological Society Quarterly Vol. 14, No. 3. (with H.C. Koerper and G. Hurd). 1977 Early Ceramic Specimens From Catalina Island. Journal of Califomia Anthropology. 'Vol. 5, No. 1. 1975 Early Ceramics From Southern California. Journal of California Anthropology Vol. 2, No. I 1974 Seasonal Exploitation of Chione Clams on the Southern California Coast. Joumal of California Anthropology Vol. 1, No. 2. 1972 An Early, Articulated Inhumation from 4-Ora-64: A Discussion. Pacific Coast Archaeological Society Quarterly Vol. 8, No. 4. 1971 Three Fired Clay Figurines from 4-Ora-64, Orange County, California. Pacific Coast Archaeological Society t uarterl Vol. 7, No. 4. Selected Cultural Resource Management Experience (Principle Investigator unless otherwise noted) 1996 Caltrans archaeological survey of the proposed Potrero Boulevard Interchange (PM 28.958) on State Rt. 60 approximately one mile west of the I-10 near Beaumont, California. 1995 An Archaeological Assessment of the East Valley Sports Park, Thermal Airport Indio 7.5' USGS Map Thermal, California. Riverside County Redevelopment Agency. A Cultural Resources Impact Assessment Tonner Canyon/Shell Airtouch Cellular Antenna Site Yorba Linda 7.5' USGS Map, Brea, California 1994 A Cultural Resources Impact Assessment of the Proposed Vista -Freeman 69/33kV Transmission System, City of Riverside California Riverside East 7.5' USGS Quadrangles Riverside County, California A Cultural Resources Assessment of the Insectary Building, University of California, Riverside, University of California Redevelopment Plan. Albert A. Webb Associates, 3788 McCray Street Riverside, California 92506-2973 022 19 1993 A Cultural Resource Inventory: Huntlodge Development Canada Gobernador 7.5' USGS Map, Coto De Caza, Orange County An Archaeological Assessment of the proposed Washington Street Bridge Riverside C7ounty Transportation Department, Bachelor Mt. 7.5' USGS Map; South of Winchester, California 1992 An Archaeological Assessment of Proposed Lake Arrowhead Community Service District Facilities San Bernardino County, California An Archaeological Assessment of the Big Rock Creek Mining Plan Pearblossom, Los Angeles County, California An Archaeological Assessment of CFD 88-8; 8.4 Mg Water Tank Riverside County Transportation Department near Woodcrest, Riverside County, California A Cultural Resources Assessment of Downtown Riverside Commuter Rail Station Project, Riverside County Transit: Commission, Riverside County, California 1991 A Cultural Resource Assessment of the Potrero Ranch, Near Beaumont, Riverside County, with a Historical Overview by C. S. Thome. Lockheed Development. Archaeological Data Collection Apis Adobe 1845-1875; Riv-1520 Old Temecula, Callifornia. Manuscript on file at the Eastern California Information Center. University of California, Riverside. Drover, C. E.,, Diana Pinto and Leland Bibb Archaeological Data Collection Magee Store Adobe 1859-1875; Riv 2189 Old Temecula, California. Manuscript on file at the Eastern California Information Center. University of California, Riverside. Drover, C. E., Diana Pinto and Leland Bibb An Archaeological Assessment of the Industry Trade Center Specific Plan Palmdale, Los Angeles County, California 1990 An Archaeological Assessment of The Fifth Course Riverside County, California Mr. Douglas Wood Douglas Wood and Associates Newport Beach, California An Archaeological Assessment of The La Quinta Hillside Project Riverside County, California, Mr. Forrest Haag Landmark Land Company La Quinta, California 1989 East Benton Road Project --Cultural Resource Element. Riverside County Road DeMartment, Webb Engineering. 023 Road To The Coast: A Proposed Extension of Clinton Keith Road West To San Clemente, California. Ran Pac Eneineerin . Cultural Resource Assessment of the 13,000 acre Keene Ranch, Tehachapi, Kern County, California. The Bedford Grou . 1988 Winchester Assessment District --Cultural Resource Element. Riverside County Road Department, RanPac Engineering Corporation. An Archaeological Assessment of Vesting Tentative Tract 4366--Rancho Conejo/MGM Ranch; City of Thousand Oaks, California, Shapell Industries. Rancho Villages Assessment District --Cultural Resource Element. Riverside County .[load Department, RanPac Engineering Corporation. Cultural Resource Assessment of the 7,000 acre Vail Lake Properties. The Bedford Group. Cultural Resource Evaluation of the 5,000 acre Santa Rosa Plateau, The Bedford Group; RanPac Engineering_ Corporation. Rancho California Masterplan Cultural Resources Overview. The Bedford Group, Planning Center --Urban Land Institute. 024 21 RICHARD KRAUTKRAMER Archaeologist/Crew Chief - Archaeological Investigations and Reports - Archaeological/Paleontological Field Monitoring - Research Diver Experience Mr. Richard Krautkramer has 7 years of experience in both field archaeology and field paleontology programs. Professional experience includes both prehistoric and historic field projects throughout California. For the last two years Mr. Krautkramer has been a Crew Chief with the Keith Companies. He has been responsible for supervising crew members during various phases of archaeological excavations, and has also been involved in all phases of excavation for sites CA-ORA-221, 223 and 106. Mr. Krautkramer has also been involved in conducting various archaeological field surveys and paleontological monitoring projects throughout California. Mr. Krautkramer while working for Archaeological Consulting Services acted as an Assistant Supervisor and performed various duties as a field technician. Experience included working on a variety of archaeological and paleontological projects throughout Los Angeles, Orange, and Riverside Counties. Work included Historic Preservation Investigations at El Pueblo de Los Angeles Historical Monument, Olvera St. Los Angeles CA. Archaeological Survey and mitigation for the George, Air Base Road Expansion Project in Victorville, CA. In addition to various historic archaeological projects throughout the city of Los Angeles, CA. Mr. Krautkramer has additional experience working with prehistoric Native American sites on San Nicolas Island CA., were he is involved with an on going CRM project for the United States Navy. Mr. Krautkramer has additional training in the field of Marine Archaeology and has acted on numerous projects as a research diver. Education -A.A., Pasadena City College, Pasadena, CA. -B.A., California State University Los Angeles, CA. -M.A. Candidate, California State University Los Angeles CA. Affiliations Society for Historical Archaeology Society for California Archaeology 025 22 DAVID M. SMITH Archaeologist/Field Director - Archaeological Investigations and Reports - Archaeological/Paleontological Field Monitoring - Paleontological Investigations Experience Mr. David M. Smith has 10 years of experience in both field archaeology and field paleontology programs. Professional experience includes both prehistoric and historic field projects throughout California. For the last two years Mr. Smith has been a Field Director with the Keith Companies. He has been responsible for supervising crew members during various phases of archaeological excavations, and has also been involved in all phases of excavation for sites CA-ORA-221, 223 and 106. Responsibilities on excavations have included general data recovery, statistical data recovery, rockshelter excavation, and human exhumation. Mr. Smith has also been involved in conducting various archaeological field surveys and paleontological monitoring projects throughout Southern California. David Smith has been involved in Cultural Resource projects in San Diego, Los Angeles, Kern, Ventura, Riverside and San Bernardino Counties. The efforts have ranged from surveys to full scale site mitigation. Mr. Smith has had extensive laboratory experience including all phases of cleaning, sorting, identification, cataloging and data entry. Laboratory work has included both inland and coastal collections. Additionally, Mr. Smith has experience with all phases of report preparation, including mapmaking, site record formsand final report production. David Smith was the field director for the recovery efforts of several complete whale specimens from the Paularino formation in Irvine, California during the summer of 1997. These comprise the only specimens from the formation in the region. Education -A.A., Golden West College, Huntington Beach, CA. -B.A., University of California, Riverside, CA. 026 i 027 National Trent for Hoterie Pr•a•rvBton Fix: 2f12dB 32 Voiea:202{a6E2BA 1 s, Lean. Mv-nquano a;: nnr.. _-.,.___-._.._-. ___. October 1997 Vol. 8 I� I EL M imews National Trust for Historic Preservation FEDERAL TAKINGS RILLS THREATEN LOCAL ZONING, CHANGE COURTS,URISDICTION Twc House bills (H.R-�icZ H.R. 1534) and a Serate companion bill (S. 1204) threaten to override local zoning procedures by turning land use and talongs disputes into federal cases. All three bills wuuld expedite access to The Federal eeurts for private property owners who claim their rights ]lave been Injured by ggovernnient action. If enacted, these propose]- hills vroul l allow property o,men to bv{.'ass locally elected officials and public hearings, and el urinate the,xisfin� requircntent that takings claimants :first persu available state remedies before filing suit in federal curt.. In this edition ... • FEDERAL TAKING! BILLS THREATEN LOCAL ZONING. CHANGES COURTS JURISDICTION • SENATE TAKES UP ISTEA RENEWAL IN OCTOEER: HOUSE EXTENDS ISTEA THROUGH MARCH 1998 • HOUSE PASSES NATIONAL MONUMENT FAIRNESS ACT -- PRESIDENT'S AUTHORITY UNDER ANTIOUITES ACT LIMITED • HOUSE PASSES AMERICAN LAND SOVEREIGN' PROTECTION ACT -- P.ECUIRES WORD HER T43E SITE DESIGNATION > GOVERNOFS IS�ND MAINTEFANCE RESTORED IN CONFERENCE COMMITTEE • HOUSE RESOURCES COMMITTEE HOLDS HEARNG ON AMERICAN HERITAGE RIVERS IN T'ATPIE, HUTCHINSO/I 4M£NDMEhr Drr"eFD:N SENATE • CONFERENCE COMMITTEE CN FY98 INTERIOR APPROPRIATIONS BILL NEAR NG COMPI-ETICN I, HOJSE SUBCOMMITTEE C', NAT'CNA'_ FARIS AND PUBLIC LANDS SCHEDULES HEARING ON NATION41- . HISTORIC PRESERVATION ACT AMENDMENTS (WR. 1 622) Deveinpirg a fast track fur takings claims would I-order:nine a wdde variety of Local, stale and federal prote �irns for property owmzrs, neigl-1.oring oropzr:v and the environment, anc, destrov local lava use planning that balances en e:vone's property rights. $v or 'l It.a ngg local land dis utes t0 be resslved at the federal le�-e1. the proposed legis'latioa would also overburden the federal court system and could lead tite federal .ousts to make unwise and uninformed decisicns as a :esutt of instfficlent inforslation and rime to handle such a tar ge vclutne of t-aKings cases. The two House bills (H,R. N92 Fi.R 1534) were masked -up and revorfed nut by the House Judiciary Ccrnmlttee cm October 7-h; a hearing on the aanpanion bill to H.R- 1534 "S. 1204'J was held in the Seratc Judic n- C ommrt ee on the same day. Floor Le, --n the: Dills ate expected by the end of October. ale Nil[ ke_ p yet nformed of devclopinents on these bill, and will he in touch will-: You in the next couple of weeks for adwl car - efforts. H.R. 1534 was a troduced by Rep, Eiton Gallegly (Fi CAi on May 6th and has 234 cospomors: H.F.. 49I was introduced by Rep. Lamar Smidt (R-T Sl on MaIcn 6th and has 41 cosponsors. S. L?09 was introduced by Sen. Paul Coverdell ('.-GA) and has 18 cospOIISOn. SENATE TAKES UP ISTEA RENEWAL IN OCTOBER ISTFA 2 (S. 1 ! 1 3) has been lea-ed by the Committee on Environment and Asblic WrAs and is ourrer�tly under consideration by the ha: Senate. N,ineruus amendments are exp.ect,d to he offered to S. 1 173 during the Senate's debate on reauthorizing federal surface transportation programs. iSTFA 2, as reported by the coma-ittee. reauthorize; federal surface transportation programs for the next six years I?preserves the basic architecture and policy initiatives of the nrst ISTEA ais% including the highly ppopuht: transportaiun e11!,anczments program. It a:st contains changes in the Federal Historic Pricge Progmanr drat will help communities save their historic bridges and keep them in service for non -vehicular transportation. The National Tn:st's major disA117"ntment 028 Preservation Advocate News, October 1997, Vol. 8 Daze 2 with ISTEA 2 is that it does not go far eno,.rgh to to re toe states to focus their federal transportaticn dollars on fixing roads and bridges :first, before using funds to add nemv road capacity. Preservationists believe that a "fix it first" philosophy prcauotcs better planning and helps to orrb sprawl. ACTION NEEDED Contact your senators NOW by calling the U.S. Capitol Switchboard at 202-224-S121 and ask to be connected to their offices, Urge your senators to support the Committee bill and: 1. Restore the emphasis on fixing existing roads and bridges first. 2. VI orously oppose any amendments that weaken the a licaton of the National F.nvironrr.ental Policy Act to transportation projects or alter the Congestion Mitigation and AJr Quality program to permit its use for road building, specifically single ocCapanev lanes. 3. Oppose any amendment that weakens ISTEA 2 s commitment to comrnunit} involvement in transportation decisions, sensible and effective planning requirements, including the relationship between transportation and land use planning. The National T rust for Historic Preservation's advocacy network has been working hard to: nearly an er.C.re year to help bring about the reauthorization of surface transportation law that strengthens the Progressive principles of 1STEA. As advocates. you have performed magnificently and brought us to the strong position we presently occupy. Contact Your Senators to Make Sure That Preservation Holds onto the Victories You Helped to Achieve! The House Republican leadership has indicated .`.hat a surface transportation bill which exceeds the existing 5 year budget agreement struck by the President and Congress. will not come to the House floor ar, this time. The committee has reported out a bill to extend the existing ISTEA law until March 3- 1998. It gives the committee mere erne to make its case that substantial growth in suit -act, transportation ei,enditures is warranted, justfred. and consistent with the latest real federal budget figures. HOUSE PASSES NATIONAL MONUMENT FAIRNESS ACT -- PRESIDENT'S AUTHORITY UNDER ANTIQUITIES ACT LIMITED The House of Representative3 passed the National Monument Fairness Act (H.R 1127) by a vcte of 229-197 on October 7th, amending the Antiquities Act of 1906 by limiting the authority of the President to protect federal lands from potentially harmful activities by designating them as national tr,3numents. Prior to final passage, ilep. Jim Hansen RUT), the bill's sponsor, offered a substitute amendment which passed by a vote of 222-202 to secure the supper- o_ moderate Republicans for the bill. The Hansel: amendment requires that ary presidential proclamation that results in designat'on of a national monument in excess of 50,009 acres may not issued until 30 days after the President has transmitted the proposed proclamation to, and solicited written comments from. the Governor of the State in which the acreage is located. Any g}oclamatons made by the President shall cease to be effective two years otter being issued unless the Congress approves the proclamation by Joint resolution. The President is also limited to one designation in excess of 50.000 acres per State, per year. Most or the designations .n. excess of 50,000 acres would be natural sites which may have historic and archeolcgieal resources, such as Grand Staircase Escalante National Monument in Utah. Very fes historic monuments would he of this acreage. The National Trust worked vigorously with its grassroots advocates and a wide specttuni of partners representing conservation, ernrironmental. orchaeolog�cal. and preservation groups, to defeat H.R 1127 on the House floor. The National Trust n-ould like tr. thank all of the advocates who participated in trying to preserve the Antiquities Act of I u06 as a key authority for the protection of natural and historic resources. The close vote is a testament to the controversial nature of this bill and aaso means that a veto b-c the President could not be overridden bv_ the House. All advocates are encouraged to remain vigilant for possible action on the bill in tile Senate We wall keep you inforrned of arty developments on H.R 1127 in Ile Senate as they may arise. Ifyon woulc like u; know how your representative voted cn H.R 1127. please tali the Law and Public Policy- Department at 202-588-6254 or send us an e-mail at polic�cCntih-.crg; HOUSE PASSES AMERICAN LAND SOVEREIGNTY PROTECTION ACT -- REQUIRES WORLD HERITAGE SITE DESIGNATION -Phe House of Representatives passed the "American Land Sovereignty Protection Act" (H.R 901 ) by a vote of 236 tc 191 on October 8th, nutting the Word Heritage Sites and the Klan and the Biosphere Program -- which accounts for a total of 47 sites in the United States -- at:isk. FIR 901 also stipulates that all ivttire U.S. designations to the World Heritage List would have to be authorized by an Act of Congresa. 029 Preservation Advocate News, October 1997, Val. 8 The National Trust and 18 other conservation, ervirenmental, anc scenic prese-%ation groups signed a ioint lette- sent to the entire House .,n September 25th urging the Vlernber• to vote against H.R 9cl because it created an usnecessan legislative hrrdle'oy requiring World Heritage sites be auihorizea .,v a sPtclfcAct of Uonvress. The letter also emphasized that placement on the World Heritage List is a cause for national pride an opportunity to promote tourism, education. and apprecia Cron for history and world civilization; and that Biosphere Reserves are voluntary associations that are nzsearch or ienred and imis use no land use restrictions, The :rational Tmst would Eke to thank and acknowledge the grassroots, advoca-es and the following signatory organizations for their support in fighting H.R. o6i.: Amcncan Cultural Resources Association: American Fsivers; American Oceans Cair ai�g�i; Center for Marine Conservation; Defenders of WddliteI Environmental In Formation Center; Friends of the Earth; National Conference of State Historic Presentation Cffcers: Naflonal Parks and Conservation Association; Natrona! Wildlife Federation; Natural Resources Defense Council; Preservation Action, Rails to Trails Conservancy; Scenic America; Socieb: for AmericanArchaeolo-;US/ICOMOS; NVcrldWildlife Fund: aria Zero Popalatior. Growth. All advocates are encouraged to remain vigtl2nt for possib'e action on the bill in tine Senate. �Ve ,vill keep you informed of any- developments on H.R. 901 in the Senate as they may arise. If v rn w .ui<I like to know nov: vour representative Voted on H R 90_. please call the Law and Public Policv Department at 202-588- 0274 or send us an e-mail at policyCnthp.org. GOVERNORS ISLAND MAINTENANCE FUNDING RESTORED IN CONFERENCE COMMITTEE House -Senate conferees to the FY98 Transportation Appropriations bill restored fmiding for the maintenance and protection rf Governor's Island, a National Hist-ric Landmark in New York harhor. Governors island contains historically significant fbrtifir tion such as Fort Jay (I808) ant Castle Wi.liams (19' 1). as well as arcl-.i ttctu rally significant support b:n:d.rgs. Fire confezenceagreement provides $e miilion for the Coast guard to continue maintenance of Governors lsiand in'caretake status in fis-al near i 0K pending transfer of the Island to the General Services Administration (GSA1. 'Phe level of maintenance furdingteas reduced rurr. S&S million from the ongi.at. gadget re: aesL 7he House end Senate had originally pproposed t� provide .rj funds for Governors Island in FY98 The , onTtrence report on the Fs'98 Transportation Appropriations bill passed the House and �euate on October 9T and the bill bias been cleared for the Presidents signah:re. The National Trust joineel iu pieservatiov partners in NeV Y,rk, as well as Governor P-ataki anc1. Mayor C-iuliani, ir-, urging key members of the Appropriations Committee tcu restore the maintenance funds for Governors Island, In e. letter dated August 28th to the chairmen and ranking members of the Trans porta'i 11 4t-proprahrns Subc rrtmttem National Trust President Richard Moe r-ninded the chairmen that the Coast Guard the G,SA, the Adv;son, Council on Historic Preservation., doe NewYork State Historic Preservation OfEcer, the Ci'y --of New Yrak, and the National Trust. s gne't P.oframmatic Agreement reardiny the are of Govem rs ;stand and poin:ed out. tnar "all of the signatories entered Xto this agreement in good faith. with the undeistarvding drat the c'-'oast Guard wrrald. oerforrn standard caretake- inaintenanee activities in Fiscal Year lQc03,' HOUSE RESOURCES COMMITTEE HOLDS HEARING ON AMERICAN HERITAGE RIVERS INITIATIVE; HUTCHINSON AMENDMENT DEFEATED IN SENATE The House Resources Conun:ttee held a he .dog on ER 1842, a biti introduced. by Rep. Helen Chen, weth (R ID) char voijbI terminate further development and implementation of :i.e American Heritage Rivers ]nitiative (A- F ), on .September "4th. The hearing:eat-tred several members of _engress, s rep:esen`_ative from the Clinton Administration, and three separate panels of outside witnesses. Tae ( ummitLe heard testimcnv From prc r e tv rill Cs a. vacates i i favor of the bill as well a p ese:v. tonists and consetvationists opposing lie proposed legislation. Tire American Her.taga: Rivers Innis Lice is designed to supper` river -based, community led efforts to revita_ize local economies, protect nat ira. resources erd. the. environment., ar,c resewe hiss tic and cului-ul resources. President Clintor. first announced tine AHRI in the State of the Union Address in February and has since issued Execu:ive Girder i. _'�06I on `ieptember 11 tin directingaa noes to csabLsh and implement the ini6atirz. Kathleen McGinty, Chairman of tl-re Council on Environmental Qivality, represented the Clinwn Administration and spearheaded sire testiurorr, against H n.'842. M&'inty's testimon}}' attacked the pwpo. c of _lie bi'I outrtg' s., stating that rite ),FlFJ is'as "voluntary a-td locally driven; communities choose to participate and can terminate their participation at and time." Testimony against H.R. 184�2 was also pmrided av Peter Samuel'Rxtcu.uve Dneclor A the San Ivl'r ill River ,-eerwav and Hen',a,e C:orrni�r in Pen clvania. Mr. Samuels testimonv explained how the P.1ap 1 could prov:re exactly the kind ct assists c- need to make the Schuvlkill River Ccnidor into the kind of "framewert: for people to take pride in their communities. understand their histor}- and work togotlier a enhance 039 Preservation Advocate News, October 1997, Vol. 8 the .uality Of life for their 6ildreo." Mr. Samuel's testimony emphasized that the AHRI could help to -aiesce the >as -in£ rpsot r es of federal agencies like he Armv Cc r )s of t.miueerc the Ens ror.mental Protection. At'^nc%, the National Park Service, and t!ie L'.S. Fish at,I Wilc1fe Service, into a cnonkr;ated package L, help -,vitalize the Schayikill Rir-er. Senate Rejects Hutchinson oirneadmcnt The Senate rejected an amendment of-ered bs- Sen. Tian Hutch!rscn (R-AR) to the Interior ,1ppopcaticns Bill an Sep-embet I8th s, a vote of 57 Co 42. which would have required Congressional ppproval of ri,,ers designated nd i -he Clinton �.dininistration s iii,teric rn Herftape Rives Ir.i-ia-.ive (AHRI). The Hutchinson amendnrer.t also included a prs Sion refit tying consithatitnr v. ith pt nstedhrcpertc .,ners as pan of aav river nomination arc, irther defined the tern `river community' to include "all t"rersons that crnit propert-c. reside, o: rgiilarb, conduct usiness RSthrn 10 miles Of the ri%er. During the detzte on the Hutchinson amendment, the National Tnxst circldated tc the Senate The letter signed by the National Trust ar.d 41 othh,-r organizations which bad been sent to the Horse of Re iresenta:ives ton Tully 147h. ur&ng support for th.e AAFJ Ayaiiabilir- of Nomination: Packets and Sunplemeatan' Information The Council on Ervirnnmental Qua:itp (CEQ 2rtreurcd th availabihts (f rumination pacsete. and supplenentar ini-rmm at'or egarlgth. American n H -R -fie sn.s lri,ia rue (oil tieptel her l7 N �rr iriatioi r,ackets areavailable In .t re es. bti calling 1 S88-40K\ ER and !easing a ut_ssage AN-ith hour na re. udcress and latitre telephone rmmber. A:list cf t deal c Yield staff have been identified in each stab= to ansvt er quesnons about the hiitiative, You can obtain the list or federal field staff bl calhrg 1 88b 40ICVER N_n,ination packets can also be tit .ned by ss-riting ta, Karen Hobhs, Arencv Representative. Executve Office of the Pies-len-, Olc Executive Office B ;il line_, Room 3oo, Washin?ton. D.C. 2Cl50'. To redu'-s t nonr.nat ion packets or suppicmentan, info -ma -ion by Internet, access the American Heritage Rivers home:.;age at http:i/sN,s%7acp.a.gos;hivers. The deadline for nominations received is 7:00 p.rn., Eastern Standard Time, on December 10, 1997. No nomination packets will be accepted after this time. CONFERENCE COMMITTEE ON FY96 INTERIOR APPROPRIATIONS BILL NEARING COMPLETION The Hnuse-Senate conference _cunmittec on the FT08 Interior Appropriations Bill (H.R 2107) completed :rc „ i of its work on September 30ih. pievtdingvin ialiy the same Err.ding levels for national presen ation fi }rams as d tailed in prior House and se r ate iepor s -red on the }nIL TI-�e Final conference report has nut beer, tiled. :eln:�-h1an fiS,ttres fro:r. -he contercr:ce conunittee provide a total fiutciinr, for the Histc,ric Preseroatit _n Fun- (HPF) at $49.812 rniliInn. ir.chiding $3.5 utillioI foi the Nat oval Trust and $29.394 million f:r. [he State Eistoric Preservation C`ficers (SHPOs). Tribal .-reservation Ottices -.re-e .ended at 'i .?o- million and i:storically Blurb � ,AL oes and UniversineS received S5.o23 million. A.-ts and Hiunar,ities funding levels in the conference report included S98 rnillirn hhl the N\- i,,ha' 't&.tynient for the Arts ( NEA). S:.0.7 million for the National Endowment for the Ht:nianities (NEH). and $23 million for the hnntute of hhveum Se :-ices !IVILj). HOUSE SUBCOMMITTEE ON NATIONAL PARKS AND PUBLIC LANDS SCHEDULES HEARING ON NATIONAL HISTORIC PRESERVATION ACT AMENDMENTS The I -louse Subcommittee or. National Parks aid Pdblic Lands will hold e ataring _,n Fi,R ' 522. a bill mati.g amendment to the Natural i-Iistoric Pre:;enwion Act of 19d6 (NHPA), o,i =i,_inll r T'.st. H.R 1 `22 seas ir.tr, duced by Rep, Joel Hefiey (R-CO) on May 1st and includes an extension of the author izwinn f�-:r deuerts of rcvalties from off shore oil leases for tire Historic Ptesen at.i:m Fund (HFF) through goon the HPF provides fir .d.ne cr the netior.al 1 sen 3u,n I t -rala taro tih tl.e an tuai atttr: iia-ic,;n process. The Hefles till also proposes to ai rend the NHPA b,- cod I' ino Piesrdent Clint n s E ecu ive Order No. 1:00r YLAlas l096stipn tie? that Federal agencies Qise firs .-on id iatie;ii to historic prod lit: es in ] st_ris Ji _i;cts in cents '-)W nt_w . areas and business districts sahei. ielocat r C federal la nitres. hh addition, I R 1122 creates a new section of the .tic: wl;ich auih-)n[es _l;e A-1visors, C:until on Historic Presen,a:inn to resnlve dispute,; and cisagrecnnen:s that ri s arise amuhg Bove: uaez;t agencies and project sI»nsors. The .`rational Tn:stscill testify in fav-;r :A reautht.nzaticr. of deposits for the Hl"T and will cvl'ictly su[[Tort son,., f tl proposed beneftcia; cha.hge: in `he historic i resenation ' gno n, butv.-ill sirs:glv state its opposition tc am v:ndesiraS:e amendments reiaring to pronert3' rights, osiner consent. are other issues. 031 Preservation Advocate News, October 1997, Vol. 8 Page S f RESEAVAI/DN ADVOCATE NEWS 15 PJFk (SHED I N A HCNTH L" UA515 BY T-1E NTIONA�Tt?,ST S DLPARTII ENT OF 'JN AVD PIUBLO POLI C'T AND DBI PIBUTIED VIA FAOSIHILF TO ITi C:RASSROOTS FAXBOARC NEOVOliK. FOP 51C9UP NFORHATON INTA T_ i!ATIVNAL RUST FUR 015T()1IC F'RE5EFVATION DEPARTMENT OF LAV, & PUELIC, PCLII } 1 765 M11SAO FusEI I S Av FNLe, N,W •,vASHINe,ON. Dc. Z003e EOL-588 O254 (PHONE) 20E 58C 0035 (..) E-NAILFOLICY,!NTHP_ORG aAR L 011ER111 UISECIOP OF G0VLHNHEFT AFFAWI EDroR ARTIER51 CARL •NOLF, DAN C05TF Lo. L4.URA 5BACC5 lQI 11117. PPESERVATION-1311WATE i'EIC 032 Facts of O.C. Prehistory May Be Buried Forever m Archeology: Ancient Newport burial site, one of richest of its kind, was excavated and built over with little notice. By DEBORAH SCHOCH TIMES STAFF WRITER NEWPORT BEACH —Nothing prepared the diggers for the strange and beautiful artifacts — the beads, mysterious stone spheres and decorated clay cylin- ders —buried in the bluff top above Newport Bay. Then they started unearthing bones. Hundreds of human bones. -\rm bones. Leg bones. Teeth. Bone fragments. Parts of human skulls. Mill. the excavation crews pushed on. quietly dismantling — some say destroying —one of the oldest and most important archeo- A26 R SUNDAY, N( logical sites on the California coast. Week after week. during late 1995 and early 1996, archeological field workers for an Irvine Co. project dug up the bones, which were later reburied in trenches nearby, to make room for 149luxury homes. From accounts of the Irvine Co.'s archeologist and others who worked at the site just off Jambo- ree Road, the bluff top teemed with clues to life along the Pacific coast 4,000 to 9.500 years ago, at the close of the Ice Age. "We kept walking around, saying. 'Where is the Smithsonian? Where is National Geographic" " recalled one archeological worker who Please see BONES, A26 LOS \NGFLES TIME.` BONES: Burial Site Built Over With Scant Public Noticc 1'k 1 descendants" overse Ancient Find The excavation of an Upper Newport Bay bluff top to build housing in 1995 and 1996 yielded artifacts that could date back 4,000 to 9.500 years. Found at the Harbor Cove site: a Graves: Possibly as many as 600 BACKBAY e� burials uncovered, with many —os. FORD found in a cemetery -like area. Newport ■ Ceramic cylinders: 30 small Beach Fm° tapered objects, perhaps used in SAN religious ceremony. JOAQUIN HIrDs ■Stonelspheres: 50tperfectly baseball - shaped halls ranging from size to bowling ball -size. Newport ^ ■ Bone beads: Hundreds of Bar Fashion intricately designed beads carved 1 HWYT island , from rabbit bone. a Bifaces: Four dual -faced pieces, 20 to 30 centimeters long; possibly V ra denoted status within the settlement. One biface is made of area ascavatad obsidian traced to a site on the Am a ss i�'� uncovarad eastern California -Oregon border. Sauice'. McMO Irc.: ReseazcMa by A 1.l JWNIAe A`l rMws Continued from Al agreed to talk on condition that he not be named. "it was a fantastic. amazing story. Sad situation. Sad story. I guess money talks." A pricey, gated community called Harbor Cove now sits atop the bluff that once cradled the remains of a village believed to be thousands of years older than the fabled Egyptian pyramids of Giza. And virtually no one outside Irvine Co. officials and a small circle of archeologists, field work- ers and Native Americans knows what really emerged from this site. called ORA-64. Rumors spread among the local Native American community that hundreds of pre- historic human remains were un- expectedly unearthed. A forensic expert estimated that the site contained as many as 600 burials. The age of the bones may never be known because they were re- buried without radiocarbon dating at the request of two state -ap- pointed Native Americans called most i e y ing the site. Irvine Co. officials sa) What is clear is this: An ancie site long considered by archeol gists as highly significant was e cavated, then developed with lit public awareness, even after yeF of behind -the -scenes lobbying some scientists to save it, accordi to an extensive Times review dozens of state and local documei and more than 100 interviews. rhe saga of ORA-64—so natr rbecause it was the 64th site Orange County on a national list archeological finds —offers a r: glimpse into a world where interests of developers, archeo gists and Native Americans ct over tangled questions of how balance modern-day progress w cultural and scientific concei 'While the excavation of prehistt .sites is not unusual in South California, the ORA-64 sty stands out because of the si established scientific value and Please see BONES. . ANGELES TIMES 3-ONES: Irvine Co. Defends Work on Burial Site ,'ontinued from A26 .ebate that has ensued over how .he burials were handled. The Irvine Co. and the state ,alive American Heritage Com- nission. which oversees the han- 41mg of Indian remains, insist that )RA-64 was developed in strict accordance with state and local aws. "This company has spent more :han $2 million seeking to develop :hat site, but to do it in a way that is sensitive to whatever was there in terms of prehistory —in terms of removing it, cataloging it, analyz- ing it, sharing the results with the public." said Larry Thomas. the lrvme Co.'s senior vice president nor communications. "That's :aarly a destruction of a site." Thomas added that the compan,' :red to protect the site from "Indi- ana Jones" types hunting for bur- ied treasure. "You have an obligation not to identify specific places " he said. "We have not sought to create any greater interest in this than already existed, but to try to explain what we were doing as we were going along." Thousands of artifacts from the site remain in laboratories and in storage, and the Irvine Co. has promised a full public accounting of what was discovered. The report has been delayed for months be- cause of the wealth of data. Even so. some Native Americans and scientists argue that the site was so important that S should have been preserved. Some con- tend that state laws intended to protect sites from scavengers can instead unintentionally allow their -destruction by development, by -keeping locations secret. It was. according to one official attached to the state Office of Historic Preservation, "a failure of the sys- tem." They say that everything that was done was legal. Well. it may be legal. but it isn't right." said Lillian Robles, an elder with the Juaneno Band of Mission ORA 6 Indians d and it's is of the digging at . so legal why was everyone so hush- hush?" human remains would be distrib- uted without their approval. And I don't plan on violating that agree- ment." Macko said. Belardes. a leader of the Juaneno Band of Mission Indians. said he opposed any bone examination that would be destructive, such as radiocarbon dating or DNA testing. Velasques, tribal chair of the Coastal GabrielinoiDiegueno band of Mission Indians, confirmed that he had requested secrecy at the site, and said the Irvine Co. treated the remains with dignity. "From what I saw, to me it was better that (the remains] be ex- Michael E. Macko, the con- sulting archeologist for the Irvine Co. who over- . saw the excavation of ORA-64. based his estimate that esit was occupied roug Y to 91500 years ago on radiocarbon dating of shells that appear to have been the kitchen waste of the inhabitants who sought food from the coast- humed and buried in a better place than they be bulldozed over." he said. LTrider state law, when hu- man remains are found at a construction site, the county coroner must determine whether they are recent or an- cient. At ORA-64. that job fell to coroner's consultant Judy Suchey. a nationally recognized forensic anthropologist who —when ques- tioned by reporters last spring — said that approximately 600 or more remains had been uncovered. Irvine Co. officials questioned how Suchey had reached that count. Thomas, the company spokesman, said at the time that only three full skeletons and hun- dreds of bone fragments had been discovered. Any count is difficult because most bone was found not as full skeletons, but fragmented. scattered and disturbed by rodents. Macko said. In later interviews however. Thomas said that Such - ey's estimate of 600 might be correct. "It could be," he said. "It cook be more. It could be less. But we don't know how she reached tha conclusion." Please see BONES, A= Fewer than 10 archeological sites along the California coast date back more than 9,000 %ears. and i ORA-64 was one of the largest, <--said Jon M. Erlandson. a leading — And there are the four stone -bifaces—stone artifacts shaped like expert in early coastal life who has -large arrowheads and flaked on reviewed data from the site. either side-20 to 30 centimeters "This is one of the most impres- live and important sites from the - long. One is made of a natural _volcanic glass called obsidian Pacific coast of North America." _traced to an area on the eastern Macko said Erlandson. a University of -Oregon-California border. : Oregon associate professor of an- says. ' thropology who is assisting on _ How the obsidian traveled across valleys of what ORA-64 research. The excavation could produce :the mountains and --is now California to be buried .important new details about Cali- I _above Newport Bay "is one of the Vornia's past, such as the impact of .most fascinating research ques- said. -•climate changes and types of veg- I lions that we have." Macko ,'etation, as well as trade and social _. Missing from this treasure trove :..patterns of the early inhabitants. • say archeologists familiar with the I, _are the artifacts found with the =burials. Those were returned to the -site. The prehistoric dwellers left be- arth along with the bones during earth -11 rebunals from August 1995 to ;hind a wealth of artifacts —thou- i =January 1997. Native Americans sands of them. Macko says, includ- associated w th the project per- ssociaormed ed withtheceremonies. -ing many hundreds that he considers of museum quality. i " Without the bones, some scien- There are the perfectly round tone balls. 50 to 60 in all. some the I mists say, huge amounts knowl- about the early people who size of baseballs, two as big as ; edge ade these artifacts is lost. But the fowling balls. Similar balls have I -appointed Native American over- David -been found elsewhere in California, I -in Oregon and eastward —but the „seers —Jim Velasques and �elardes—opposed any chemical sheer numbers at ORA-64 make ..Lestittg of bone, the Irvine Co. says. -the find important. Macko says. He Acid they also asked for secrecy. hypothesizes that they were used -- ^l signed an agreement with -for sports. 30 thimble -sized. titon; that ..;id ;, information on = There are -decorated clay cylinders seeming!) -fired at high eemperatures. A 1971 `discovery of similar objects during i =act earlier dig at ORA-64 led to at �ublfshed scientific reports that -they were the known deco- I rated. fired -clay ceramics in the _Western Hemisphere. 034 !SR SUNDAY.NOVEMBER.'.1997 ONES: Houses Now Sit Atop Site dined from A27 uchey,an anthropology profes- at Cal State Fullerton, said she ;ed her estimate on the bones saw in the field and in a [oratory, where they were efly held before reburial, as well conversations she had with ople at the site. With the permission of the coro- �r's office, The Times reviewed !arly 200 of the 4,000 photc- .-aphic slides Suchey says she Allected of the burials. They show ortions of tibias and femurs, plas- c bags filled with bone fragments, yen an upper jaw with 12 teeth. ;tides dated Nov. 16, 1995. show vhat appear to be four partially :xcavated burials still in the ;round. However, a request by The Times to reproduce photographs of the bones was denied by the coro- ner's office at the request of the Native American Heritage Con - mission. Macko says Suchey's estimate is probably on target. One worker, who requested anonymity, said he helped dig up at least a dozen skeletons that were 30% to 80% complete. Some workers said many re- mains turned up after heavy equip- ment arrived at the site in 1995, systematically removing thin lay- ers of soil to reveal bones and other objects underneath. "Bones turned up everywhere, one worker recalled. "You could see a cranium that had just been sheared in half by the scraper — bones that were crushed by the scraper." Macko, however, denies that ex- tensive damage occurred. "Most things were recovered with abso- lutely no damage," he said. First workers excavated the site. digging roughly 1,900 one -by -one - meter, squares in the ground, Macko said. Paddle -wheel scrapers removed one to two inches of soil at a time to assure objects were unearthed before grading began, he said. When remains were found, scraping was halted and bones were removed by hand, he said. The scraper's accuracy was --mind-boggling," Macko said. According to Erlandson. the ORA-64 excavation was handled properly. The standard routine, he said, would have been to dig a small percentage of a site and bulldoze the rest. "This was much better than the average project," he said. Still, he added, he wishes the site could have been saved from develop- ment. Some archeological workers questioned the wisdom of hiring a handful of state prison inmates from two halfway houses to work on the ORA-64 site. Macko said the inmates were doing manual labor such as washing material and re- pairing screens, not excavation. "I saw no reason not to give these guys a chance at all," he said. More study of the artifacts and other scientific review remain. But Macko is scheduled to speak about the site Thursday at the Pacific Coast Archeological Society, which already is stirring fresh curiosity among local archeologists. 13 A ithough ORA-64's final ex- cavation attracted little public attention, a much smaller dig generated a flurry of coverage in January 1973, when scientists reported the unearthing of thimble -sized. decorated, fired - clay ceramics believed to be 6,000 to 7,150 years old. Archeologist Christopher Dro- ver —who discovered the ceram- ics —later applied to nominate ORA-64 to the National Register of Historic Places. State records show that the state Historical Resources Commission approved Drover's request in July 1977, a step that some officials say can virtually assure a place on the National Register. But the final paperwork apparently was never signed in Sacramento or forwarded to the National Register in Wash- ington. Consequently, the site was never listed. ( While National Reg- ister status does not in itself block development of a historic site, it sometimes can prompt more thor- ough federal scrutiny of a private project and more public awareness of a site's importance.) Other experts sought to save part or all the site. One consulting archeologist, Joan Brown, urged in The following year, conserva- tionists in Newport Beach at- tempted to drum ul support and money to buy the OB.A-641and and two other Irvine Co. properties above Newport Bay. The campaign focused on environmental con- cerns, not archeology, and voters turned down Measure A in Novem- her 1993 by a 2-to-1 ratio. "If people thought it was so significant archeologically that it should have been untouched. there was an opportunity to purchase it from us, and we were a willing seller," Thomas of the Irvine Co.. said: The Irvine Co. then pressed ahead with the Harbor Cove proj- ect, receiving approval from the Newport Beach City Council and the California Coastal Commission, which reviewed the company's archeological plans. Excavation work at ORA-64 began Jan. 19. 1995. finishing a year behind schedule in May 1996. In a last-ditch effort for preser- vation, Jonathon E. Ericson, a UC Irvine professor of environmental analysis, design and anthropology, wrote Irvine Co. President Donald L. Bren in May 1995, urging at least partial preservation of what he called "perhaps one of the most important sites of its type in North America and the world." Ericson said he never heard back from Bren. Some archeologists still wonder whether government review should have assured ORA-64's preservation, much as it might protect a wetlands or a rate song- bird. The California Environmental Quality Act requires the study of whether a project might signifi- cantly damage an important archeological site. It strongly en- courages site preservation, but if that proves impossible, the site is supposed to be excavated so that its information is recovered and saved —such as retrieving artifacts and studying them. Some wonder if the ORA-64 excavation illustrates a flaw in the act. "If they can't protect a site of a 1992 report for the city of New- that importance, then ICEQA is] port Beach that ORA-64 be pre- not doing what it's supposed a do,- served. "This is one of the most said Patricia Martz, associate pro- he - important prehistoric site[s] re- _ ologyfessot anthropology and Angeles an maining in Orange County," Brown j ology at Cal State Los Angeles and former chairwoman of the state wrote. Her report, part of an envi- I r Historical Resources Commission. onmental review process for the proposed Harbor Cove develop- ment, was deemed confidential un- 1135 der state law because it contained "It was a failure of CEQA and local government to deal appropri- ately with a valuable environmen- tal resource," said William Seidel. coordinator of the state's Historical Resources Information System. which keeps track of archeological sites and other historic places for the state Office of Historic Preser- vation. 'I think it was a failure of the system." Today, as they did thousands of years ago, people are settling in at the bluff top above Newport Bay. Nearly all the houses at Harbor Cove are finished —large, big -win- dowed homes. some with Spanish - style red -tile roofs, some with New England -style gray stone details and coach lights. Mercedes Benzes. BMWs and Lexuses are parked in the driveways. Landscapers have planted flowers and trees. Robles, the tribal elder of the Juaneno band of Mission Indians. wonders how much Harbor Cove residents know about the people who came before them. "When it's winter, and the doors start slamming, and they hear footsteps," she said, "they will know the ancestors are around." Deborah Schoch can be reached at (714( 966.5813 or by e-mail at deborah.schoch@latimes.com IDS NGELES TIMES .T A 30-acre site is roped oil for archeological excavation in 1995-96 that was directed by the Irvine Co. The ancient burial site,now a housing development, yielded thousands of artifacts as t _ _=�---� much as 9,500 years old and .� - "'t" remains of an estimated 600 or more Native Americans, some of which were reburied nearby at the request of tribal overseers,. 636 s a AI,J, �e7le r aP� ea ram( / h -N,e- D e Scy7' Su t" i h / "-le JN /Y 0 V- o-C 19�7. early AwfuS Blame it on Custer Only a couple of Weeks ago, we had a local archaeologist run some tests on ant area we are planning on using for a golf driving ranee. We are paying him! Do you think he was looking after Our interests when he said the windward side of a small- hill at the very end of our property can't be used and won't be used to our project, but must be cordoned off and sealed for archaeological explona- tion by the Indians'. That stunned me, and I asked him why and who really cares. All the Indians ever did was put up their teepees and camp at a given location until they had polluted it with garbage and waste and then moved on to anbther area so that the same thing would happen all over again, not only here in the Coachella Valley but all over the Southwest. And this was long before the Environ- mental Frotectlon Agency. I finally told the archaeologist that if General George Armstrong Custer had taken the six Galling guns that were at Fort Uncom. Dakota, before the battle of tittle Big Horn in 1876. we wouldn't have all this Indian nonsense to put up with. (Each Galling gun ficed .300 rounds per minute!) M. J. (Jack) DOW Palm Desert 45 -S,o�K C ovavTJZr G,L uQ 037