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2000 02 17 HPCT4t!t44Q" Fy or TKtiO HISTORIC PRESERVATION COMMISSION AGENDA The Regular Meeting to be held in the Session Room at the La Quinta City Hall, 78-495 Calle Tampico, La Quinta, California February 17, 2000 3:00 P.M. Beginning Minute Motion 2000-005 I �N� 111111C�Z�] 77 �3 A. Pledge of Allegiance B. Roll Call II. PUBLIC COMMENT This is the time set aside for citizens to address the Historic Preservation Commission on matters relating to historic resources within the City of La Quinta which are not Agenda items. When addressing the Historic Preservation Commission, please state your name and address and when discussing matters pertaining to prehistoric sites, do not disclose the exact location of the site(s) for their protection. III. CONFIRMATION OF THE AGENDA IV. CONSENT CALENDAR: A. Approval of the regular Minutes for the meeting of January 6, 2000 V. BUSINESS ITEMS: a RIV-6362: and Results of Paleontological Monitoring Program within the: Norman Golf Course, on the north side of Airport Boulevard, between Madison Street and Monroe Street. Applicant: KSL Development Corporation Archaeological Consultant: LSA Associates _..001 HK AGENDA B. Final Report on Phase II Test Investigation at CA-RIV-6376 in Tract 23995; located on the north bank of the Whitewater River Storm Channel, between Washington Street and Adams Street. Applicant: Century -Crowell Communities Archaeological Consultant: Archaeological Advisory Group (Jim Brock) C. Phase I Cultural Resources Assessment for Tentative Tract 29563; located northwest of the intersection of Dune Palms Road and Westward Ho Drive. Applicant: Century -Crowell Communities Archaeological Consultant: Archaeological Advisory Group (Jim Brock) VI. CORRESPONDENCE AND WRITTEN MATERIAL: VII. COMMISSIONER ITEMS VIII. ADJOURNMENT 002 HPC/AGENDA MINUTES HISTORIC PRESERVATION COMMISSION MEETING A regular meeting held at the La Quinta City Hall Session Room 78-495 Calle Tampico, La Quinta, CA JANUARY 6, 2000 This meeting of the Historic Preservation Commission was called to order by Chairman Robert Wright at 3:13 p.m. who led the flag salute and asked for the roll call. CALL TO ORDER A. Pledge of Allegiance. B. Roll Call. Present: Commissioners Mitchell, Puente, Vossler, and Chairman Wright. Commissioner Irwin was excused. Staff Present: planning Manager Christine di Iorio, Principal Planner Stan Sawa, and Secretary Carolyn Walker. II. PUBLIC COMMENT: None III. CONFIRMATION OF THE AGENDA: Confirmed. IV. CONSENT CALENDAR: A. It was then moved and seconded by Commissioners Puente/Mitchell to approve the Minutes of November 17, 1999, as submitted. Unanimously approved. V. BUSINESS ITEMS A. Phase I Archaeological Assessment for Environmental Assessment 99-389 for General Plan Amendment 99-064 Zone Change 99-092 Specific Plan 99-040. and Tentative Tract 29323: located at the northwest corner of Jefferson Street and Fred Waring Drive. Applicant: Mr. Wade Ellis. Archaeological Consultant: Archaeological, Associates. 1. Principal Planner Stan Sawa presented the staff report, a copy of which is on file in the Community Development Department. 2. Commissioner Mitchell stated he was pleased with the report and complimented Archaeological Associates on the manner in which they performed their probes. 003 P:ACAROLYN\HPC 1-6-00.wpd -I- Historic Preservation Commission Minutes January 6, 2000 3. Commissioner Puente asked for a definition of "mano" to which Planning Manager di Iorio replied it was a Mayan pestle or hand tool. 4. Chairman Wright commented the report was very thorough and to the point. There being no further discussion, it was moved and seconded by Commissioners Puente/Mitchell to adopt Minute Motion 2000-001 approving Phase I.Archaeological Assessment for Environmental Assessment 99-389 for General Plan Amendment 99-064, Zone Change 99-092, Specific Plan 99- 040, and Tentative Tract 29323. Unanimously approved. B. Phase II Archaeological Testing and Site Evaluation Rellort for Tentative Tract 29436: located on the north side of Eisenhower Drive, east of Coachella Drive. Applicant: US Home Corporation. Archaeological Consultant: CRM Tech (Bruce Love). Principal Planner Stan Sawa presented the staff report, a copy of which is on file in the Community Development Department. Commissioner Mitchell commented on Site 33-8761, the Indian Trail, and stated this types of cultural resource normally was not eligible for the National Register of Historic Places. Recordation of these sites and their features normally exhaust their research potential. He asked for an explanation of why the trail was significant as it was not included as a DPR form. He also asked for clarification on Page 10 of the report, where standard testing was done by randomly placed excavation units and asked why shovel test probes had not been used. Also, Commissioner Mitchell asked for Dr. Love's definitions of pottery, such as buff, brown ware, etc. 3. Commissioner Puente commented on historic migration patterns fi-om 1600 years ago and this site's significance. 4. Chairman Wright stated he had no problems with any of the recommendations of staff and invited Dr. Bruce Love to make comments on the report. 5. Mr. Marvin Roos, Mainiero, Smith Associates, corrected the location of the project as being west, not south, of Laguna de la Paz. 6. Commissioner Mitchell asked about Site 33-8761, the Indian Trail and the definition of wares. Dr. Love stated the Trail is more important than just a trail because of the bedrock mortar and milling slick on a boulder next to it. The bedrock mortar itself has some significance because they are often associated with ceremonial sites. And, it also appears that this was a trail that P:\CA20LYN\HPC 1-6-OO.wpd 2 004 Historic Preservation Commission Minutes January 6, 2000 connected the Cavendish Site of Indian Wells with the La Quinta area because it goes through the saddle. It was the shortcut between Indian Wells and La Quinta so the Indians did not have to go all the way around Point Happy. And it would appear that it may be a territorial boundary of some sort between clan groups or Indian groups. With the bedrock mortar being situated in that strategic spot, it seemed like it had a little bit more significance than being just a trail, but only the base of the trail is actually on the property so there is a question as to how the City can protect the bedrock mortar. Dr. Love then made comparisons on the various testing systems. Dr. Love went on to comment on the definition of the various pottery types; Buff Wares versus Brown Wares and stated he was having a problem with using the Colorado River typologies for Coachella Valley ceramics. He, therefore, uses more generalized terminology to accommodate the differences between the Colorado River versus Coachella Valley pottery. Commissioner Mitchell agreed with Dr. Love's distinction between the two, but advised Dr. Love to clearly define the terminology in his future reports. Dr. Love agreed and went on to clarify his evaluation of the trail site. 9. Planning Manager di Iorio suggested the Commissioners look on Page 52 which implies the significance is stated in Phase I Report. 10. Dr. Love affirmed that he probably should have included the information from the Phase I Survey into this one to be more precise. 1 ] . There being no further discussion, it was moved and seconded by Commissioners Mitchell and Puente to adopt Minute Motion 2000-002 approving the Phase II Archaeological Testing and Site Evaluation Report for Tentative Tract 29436, subject to the staffs recommendations and the following conditions: a. Move information on the significance of the Trail from the Phase I report to the Phase II report. b. Include clarification of the definition of Buff Ware Unanimously approved. C. Phase III Archaeological Assessment of Site CA-RIV 293E in Specific Plan 99-036: located northwest of the intersection of Highway I I I and Dune Palms Road and the north side of Highway 111, 350 feet east of Adams Street. Applicant: Troll- Woodpark Company (Scott Gayner). Archaeological Consultant: CRM Tech (Bruce Love). 005 P:\CAROLYN\HPCl-6-00.wpd -3- Historic Preservation Commission Minutes January 6, 2000 Principal Planner Stan Sawa presented the information contained in the report, a copy of which is on file in the Community Development Department. 2. Commissioner Mitchell stated he was looking forward to seeing the final report on this project, especially comparing the subsistence strategies relative to the number of bones or weight of bone at this location, as opposed to other areas of the Valley or sites at other time periods. He complimented CRM Tech on the report. 3. Chairman Wright and Commissioner Puente concurred with his assessment. 4. Dr. Love stated Scott Gaynor, representing La Quinta Corporate Center, asked Dr. Love to clarify the statement, "before the issuance of the first building permit; as it relates to the timing of Dr. Love's report. Planning Manager di Iorio stated this meant prior to the construction of the first building. Currently, there was only one approval and that was for the gas station. The reference is to that building. Dr. Love asked if it was actually the buildings or the streets and curbing. Planning Manager di Iorio replied it did not refer to the street improvements or grading. Dr. Love thanked her for the clarification and advised he would report back to Mr. Gaynor. 5. There being no further discussion, it was moved and seconded by Commissioners Puente/Mitchell to adopt Minute Motion 2000-003 accepting the Phase III Archaeological Assessment of Site CA-RIVA 2936 in Specific Plan 99-036. Unanimously approved. D. Phase I Historic/Archaeological Assessment for Future Commercial Development located at the northwest corner of Highway I I I and Washington Street. Applicant: Madison Development (Ed Alderson). Archaeological Consultant: CRM Tech (Bruce Love). 1. Principal Planner Stan Sawa Presented the information contained in the staff report, a copy of which is on file in the Community Development Department. 2. Commissioner Mitchell questioned the lack of backhoe usage, but deferred the question to staff. He had no further questions on the report, but did state the report was interesting, thorough, and comprehensive. 3. Chairman Wright commented on the enormous amount of grading done by CalTrans and others, when Highway I I I was first constricted; it would have effectively destroyed anything of value. He concurred with Commissioner Mitchell on the report. 006 P:ACAROLYNVHPCI-6-OO.wpd -4- Historic Preservation Commission Minutes January 6, 2000 4. Commissioner Puente asked staff to clarify the "H° designation. Principal Planner Sawa stated it meant Historic designation. The applicant had indicated they found some sun colored amethyst glass pieces which are believed to be early 20" Century. 5. Commissioner Mitchell and Dr. Love discussed the advantages/disad.vantages of surface collection versus backhoe trenching, and why they are collecting artifacts even if the site is not significant. Dr. Love replied he followed this practice as standard procedure. He could not justify letting an artifact be destroyed because it was not significant per the Criteria per the National Register. Commissioner Mitchell expressed his concern about the costs of curation of all artifacts found, especially if there's no provenance thereby not providing us with any information. Dr. Love commented that it was a rule of thumb, even though it was not mandated, and when there is a site with a few artifacts that do not meet criteria for significance, you collect the artifacts rather than see them graded under. He told the Commissioners his work was mostly CEQA and very little Federal, and that was the procedure lie used 6. There being no further discussion, it was moved and seconded by Commissioners Puente/Mitchell to adopt Minute Motion 2000-004 accepting the Phase I Historic/Archaeological Assessment for Future Commercial Development located at the northwest corner of Highway III and Washington Street, subject to conditions. Unanimously approved. VI. CORRESPONDENCE AND WRITTEN MATERIAL VII. COMMISSIONER ITEMS A. Planning Manager di Iorio told the Commission this meeting was scheduled as our January meeting due to the urgent requests on the agenda,. The Commission will resume their regular meeting schedule with the February meeting on February 17". VIII. ADJOURNMENT There being no further business, it was moved and seconded by Commissioners Mitchell/Puente to adjourn this meeting of the Historic Preservation Commission to the next regularly scheduled meeting of the Historical Preservation Commission on February 17, 2000. This meeting of the Historical Preservation Commission was adjourned at 3:45 p.m. January 6, 2000. Unanimously approved. Submitted by: Carolyn Walker 007 Secretary P:\CAROLYN\HPC I-6-OO.wpd -5- BI #A HISTORIC PRESERVATION COMMISSION STAFF REPORT DATE: FEBRUARY 17, 2000 ITEMS: 1.) CULTURAL RESOURCE SURVEY, HISTORIC BUILDINGS EVALUATION, AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL TESTING FOR NORMAN GOLF COURSE 2.) RESULTS OF MONITORING AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL TESTING AT SITE CA-RIV-6362 3.) RESULTS OF PALEONTOLOGICAL MONITORING PROGRAM LOCATION: WITHIN THE NORMAN GOLF COURSE, ON THE NORTH SIDE OF AIRPORT BOULEVARD, BETWEEN MADISON STREET AND MONROE STREET. APPLICANT: KSL DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION ARCHAEOLOGICAL/ PALEONTOLOGICAL CONSULTANT: LSA ASSOCIATES, INC. BACKGROUND OF PRE -CONSTRUCTION ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY• The project area requires a cultural resource assessment to allow development of a golf course and residences. The property had been surveyed in 1990-1991 (Drover 1990, 1991) with negative results. However, the site was then being used as a turf farm with 90% of the site covered with turf or improvements. The majority of the turf was recently removed, except for a small portion at the west end. The three houses (one was a newer mobile home) and power poles were not removed prior to this survey. This provided good visibility for most of the area for the new survey. DISCUSSION OF PRE -CONSTRUCTION ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY• During the initial pre -construction survey of the project area, four archaeological sites and five isolated artifacts were found. The archaeological sites included two prehistoric sites, CA-RIV-6185 (human cremation) and CA-RIV-6186 (artifact scatter) and two historic trash scatters, CA-RIV-6187H (trash deposit) and CA-RIV-6188H p:\stan\hpc rpt norman course.wpd 008 (trash scatter.) The isolated artifacts include a Native American ceramic sherd, two manos (one complete and one fragment), a cherd flake, and a metate fragment. Additional cultural materials not identified as sites include date nails found in several utility poles on the site. Since the poles were to be removed, the date nails were collected as part of the documentation of the historic use of the area. The two permanent residences, estimated to have been constructed between 1950- 1960, and the historic trash dumps (CA-RIV-6187H and CA-RIV-6188H) were determined to not to be historically important or significant. The items from the trash dumps included glass, metal, and ceramic fragments, as well as complete jars and bottles. Only site CA-RIV-6185 was determined to be significant due to the presence of a disturbed prehistoric human cremation. The remains, some of which were on the surface with the balance buried, were collected by the Riverside Coroner's Office as required by law. It was determined that the Torres -Martinez Desert Cahuilla Indians were the Most Likely Descendants (MLD) and the remains were turned over to them for reburial. The testing of this site included a surface collection, excavation of 20 shovel test pits, and four 1 x1 m test pits. The remaining artifacts found included manos, metate granite, Native American ceramics, and charcoal. The collection of the human remains and artifacts mitigated it to a level of insignificance. The report indicates that collected materials were curated with the Torres -Martinez Desert Cahuilla Indians. DISCUSSION OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL MONITORING AND TESTING AT CA-RIV-6362: Monitoring of the project areas grading resulted in identification of one prehistoric site CA-RIV-6362 (P33-9043) and two isolates (P33-99044 and P33-9045). The isolates consisted of chert flakes. Nine shovel test pits (STPs) and one 1 x1 m unit was conducted to identify site content, extent, and integrity. Site CA-RIV-6362 was determined to be a temporary camp containing a sparse deposit of cultural material and a maximum midden depth of 30 cm. Cultural material found during testing of this site included mano fragments, ground stone, flakes, and potsherds. LSA Associates determined the site and two isolates not to be an important cultural resources. DISCUSSION OF PALEONTOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT AND MONITORING• The records search did not identify any paleontological resources within the project area, but did determine it is located within the high shoreline of ancient Lake Cahuilla. The survey did not locate any fossils on the surface of the project area. However, sediments were encountered that could potentially contain vertebrate fossils. p:\stan\hpc rpt norman course.wpd 009 Monitoring resulted in the collection of fossil freshwater clam and snail. However, no remains of fossil fish, birds, or mammals were encountered. The monitoring program satisfied the requirements of the County of Riverside and the Society of Vertebrate Paleontology, as well as the City. RECOMMENDATION: Adopt Minute Motion 2000-, accepting the Cultural Resource Survey, Historic Buildings Evaluation, and Archaeological Testing for Norman Golf Course; Results of Monitoring and Archaeological Testing at Site CA-RIV-6362; and the Results of Paleontological Monitoring Program Attachments: 1.) Cultural Resource Survey, Historic Buildings Evaluation, and Archaeological Testing for Norman Golf Course 2.) Results of Monitoring And Archaeological Testing at Site CA-RIV-6362 3.) Results of Paleontological Monitoring Program Prepared by: Stan B. Sawa, Principal Planner Submitted by: �41 i /, A4-- apa I - Christine i I Iorio tanning Manager C:hpc rpt norman course.wpd 010 BI #E3 HISTORIC PRESERVATION COMMISSION STAFF REPORT DATE: FEBRUARY 17, 2000 ITEM: FINAL REPORT ON PHASE 11 TEST INVESTIGATION AT CA- RIV-6376 IN TRACT 23995 LOCATION: NORTH BANK OF THE WHITEWATER RIVER STORM CHANNEL, BETWEEN WASHINGTON STREET AND ADAMS STREET APPLICANT: CENTURY-CROWELL COMMUNITIES (SIENNA DEL REY) ARCHAEOLOGICAL CONSULTANT: ARCHAEOLOGICAL ADVISORY GROUP (JAMES BROCK) BACKGROUND: An interim Phase II report was reviewed by the Historic Preservation Commission on August 18, 1999, in order to allow monitored grading to occur on Century -Crowell Communities Sienna Del Rey tract. The interim report noted a previously unrecorded archaeological site (CA-RIV-6376) had been found in the area of the north bank of the Whitewater River Storm Channel, between Washington Street and Adams Street. As a part of the interim report, Archaeological Advisory Group (AAG) conducted a test program on the site, consisting of surface collection, 14 systematic backhoe trenches and hand excavation of five one -by -one meter excavation units. Although 100+ artifacts (primarily pottery, chipped stone, and ground stone) were recovered, almost all came from surface collection. The report concluded that the Site consists of a surface deposit of dubious integrity, thus not significant as a unique cultural resource, and recommended that grading be allowed with archaeological monitoring conducted. The HPC approved the interim report and required that a final Phase II report be submitted prior to occupancy of the first residence. DISCUSSION: The final report has been submitted and presents the complete findings of the Phase II (test excavation) cultural resources study at archaeological site CA-RIV-6376. The report concludes CA-RIV-6376 is not a significant cultural resource of the region and not considered eligible for listing in the National Register of Historic Places or the California Register of Historic Resources. This concurs with the interim report reviewed in August, 1999, that recommended further investigation of the site need not O11 C:hpc rpt tr 23995 final ph 3.wpd be conducted and that only monitoring of ground -disturbing activities is necessary. AAG will submit a report detailing the results of the monitoring of the project area when it is completed. RECOMMENDATION: Adopt Minute Motion 2000-_, accepting the final report on the Phase II test investigation at CA-RIV-6376 in Tract 23995 located on the north bank of the Whitewater River Storm Channel, between Washington Street and Adams Street. Attachment: 1 . Report on Phase II Test Investigation at CA-RIV-6376 in Tract 23995 (Sienna del Rey), La Quinta, California (Commissioners only) Prepared by: � 6 , � Gera_. Stan B. Sawa, Principal Planner Submitted by: 1 Christine di loria, P4 ning Manager 02 C:hpc rpt tr 23995 final ph 3.wpd Phase II Test Investigation at CA-RIV-6376, Tract 23995 (Siena del Rey), La Quinta, California Prepared by -- James Brock, William A. Sawyer, and Brenda D. Smith (with contributions by Thomas A. Wake and Owen K. Davis) Prepared for: Century Crowell Communities Siena del Rey, LLC 1535 South D Street, Suite 200 San Bernardino, CA 92408 Submitted to: City of La Quinta 78-495 Calle Tampico La Quinta, CA 92253 January 2000 USGS 7.5' Quadrangle: La Quinta, Calif. Acreage: Approx. I.0 Key Words: CA-RIV-6376, Cahuilla Indians, Ancient Lake Cahuilla AAG Job No: 990815 u.._. \.1 ✓_J ✓ u \_J ..✓ ✓._u. W.. u Fti - 12000 Table of Contents Page Listof Figures.................................................................................................................. iii Listof Tables................................................................................................................... ui ManagementSummary.................................................................................................... 1 Introduction..................................................................................................................... 2 Setting............................................................................................................................. 2 NaturalSetting..................................................................................................... 2 CulturalSetting.................................................................................................... 7 Previous Archaeological Studies........................................................................... 10 ResearchDesign.............................................................................................................. 11 Methods........................................................................................................................... 14 FieldworkTechniques.......................................................................................... 14 Laboratory Techniques......................................................................................... 16 Findings........................................................................................................................... 17 Fieldwork Details and General Findings............................................................... 17 Surface Collection and Mapping........................................................................... 17 Unit and Trench Descriptions............................................................................... 17 Analysis of Recovered Material............................................................................ 23 Discussion/Interpretation................................................................................................. 27 Consideration of Research Domains..................................................................... 29 Management Considerations............................................................................................ 30 SiteEvaluation..................................................................................................... 30 Recommendations................................................................................................ 31 ReferencesCited .............................................................................................................. 32 Appendix 1: Personnel Qualifications.............................................................................. 36 Appendix 2: Faunal Analysis (Thomas A. Wake) .................................... I........................ 37 Appendix 3: Pollen Analysis (Owen K. Davis)................................................................. 52 Appendix 4: Results of Radiocarbon Dating..................................................................... 57 Appendix 5: Artiiact/Ecofact Catalog ..................................................... I........................ 59 014 List of Figures Figure 1. General location of study area.....................................................................................3 Figure 2. Specific location of study area.....................................................................................4 Figure 3. General view of archaeological site CA-RIV-6376......................................................5 Figure 4. View of backhoe trench excavation in progress.........................................................15 Figure 5. View of test unit excavation in progress....................................................................15 Figure 6. Map of archaeological site CA-RIV-6376..................................................................18 Figure 7. Stratigraphic profile of Unit 2, CA-RIV-6376............................................................21 Figure 8. View of Unit 2, CA-RIV-6376..................................................................................21 Figure 9. View of Unit 3, CA-RIV-6376..................................................................................22 Figure IO.View of Unit 4, CA-RIV-6376..................................................................................22 Figure 11. Composition of ceramic wares by sub -type for CA-RIV-6376..................................23 Figure 12. Mano fragment (Cat. No. GS005) collected from CA-RIV-6376..............................25 Figure 13. Projectile points (Cat. Nos. CS007 and CS009) collected from CA-RIV-6376.......... 25 Figure 14. Recovered materials from CA-RIV-6376 by weight (grams)....................................28 Figure 15. Recovered materials from CA-RIV-6376 by number of specimlens collected ............ 28 List of Tables Table 1. Ceramic ware sub -type categories used in analysis of CA-RIV-6376 ceramics..... Table 2. Surface manifestations of CA-RIV-6376 by material category .............................. Table 3. Summary of backhoe trench data from CA-RIV-6376.......................................... Table 4. Distribution of recovered materials by excavation unit from CA-RIV-6376 . ......... Table 5. Material composition of chipped stone artifacts from CA-RIV-6376.................... Table 6. Distribution of recovered materials from CA-RIV-6376 by weight (grams).......... ulj iii 16 17 .....19 .....20 .....24 .....27 MANAGEMENT SUMMARY This report presents the results of a Phase II archaeological test excavation program and surface collection of archaeological site CA-RIV-6376 (temporary name "Sienna 1"), located in the City of La Quinta, California. This site was located within the area of potential impact for Century Homes' Siena del Rey project. The test program at CA-RIV-6376 was designed to determine the horizontal and vertical extent of cultural material on the site and its potential significance. The investigation consisted of the excavation of 14 backhoe trenches and 5 hand test units and a surface collection. Backhoe trenching was conducted to 'identify arty potentially significant buried cultural resources, and to delineate the total site area. CA-RIV-6376 appears to have been a habitation site which was occupied within the last 1,000 years and during at least one highstand of Ancient Lake Cahuilia, as indicated by lake resources such as fish bone and lacustrine pollens recovered from the site. CA-RIV-6376 is not however, likely to be significant as a unique cultural resource of the region and is not considered eligible for listing in the National Register of Historic Places or the California Register of Historical Resources. This study concurs with the interim report prepared for the Phase II test program (Brock 1999) that recommended no additional investigation of CA- RIV-6376 other than monitoring of ground -disturbing activities. 1 016 INTRODUCTION This report presents the findings of a Phase II (test excavation) cultural resources study at archaeological site CA-RIV-6376. The site is located between Washington and Adams Streets just above the Whitewater River Channel in the City of La Quinta, Riverside County, California (Figures 1 and 2). This site was in an area scheduled to be graded as part of the Siena del Rey project undertaken by Century Homes. The study included 14 test trenches, 5 one -by -one meter test excavation units, mapping, and surface collection of CA-RIV-6376. Methods of data collection and results of data analyses conducted during this investigation are presented herewith. The project was conducted by Archaeological Advisory Group for Century Homes and was undertaken in compliance with the City of La Quinta's cultural resource requirements for development projects. These requirements are intended to fulfill those aspects of the California Environmental Quality Act of 1970 (as amended) which pertain to the management of cultural resources that may be impacted by development projects sponsored by state or local government agencies, or by private developments requiring a discretionary permit or license. Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act may also be applicable. This report was prepared in accordance with the recommended contents and format described in the California State Preservation Planning Bulletin Number 4(a) (California Department of Parks and Recreation 1989). The Principal Investigator and Field Director for this study was James Brock, MA, RPA. The field crew consisted of Mr. Brock and William A. Sawyer. Mr. Sawyer and Brenda D. Smith assisted with data analysis and preparation of this technical report. Qualifications of these individuals are presented in Appendix 1. All personnel meet and exceed the City of La Quinta's and the Secretary of the Interior's and the California Department of Transportation's qualifications for their staffing level. Field notes and other materials pertaining to this study are on file with Archaeological .Advisory Group (AAG Job No. 990815). Curation of the artifacts/ecofacts collected during the study will be the responsibility of the City of La Quinta. SETTING NATURAL SETTING Site CA-RIV-6376 is located about 380 meters west of Adams Street overlooking the Whitewater River and lies within the City of La in the Coachella Valley, Riverside County, California (Figures 1 and 2). 2 01 7 J T _ � � r - �Ce ete�q . o s nd Pal � l � - '✓ _ � � Irs 8_ STUDY AREA R n4tf4 I c C BE IND RE aC A1bUN INr � ' � :. r It tl I �i �j �lv a La vi 0 C ach ila Pm 6sta m . RuGa T4NE Therm r n T r a S i T1JRg I +,W�,,.,�'�}yy✓ 1 - iGRR SY TIN —*-'+- I -70 0 MILES 10 0 KILOMETERS 15 Itta AR I RE Figure 1. General location of the project area plotted on a portion of the USGS 1250,000 Western United States Series Santa Ana, California map (1959, revised 1979). 018 0 C hurler Pa,k \AVENUE \�A 1 0 SITE V 2 30 BM �Traiipr 0 �-- 1 _ 0 Feet 2500 31 0 Metem 1000 Figure 2. Specific location of CA-RIV-6376 plotted on portion of the USES 7.5' La Quints, California topographic quadrangle (1959, photorevised 1980). Note: the site was removed try grading for the Siena del Rey project. n 019 The area falls within the southeastern quarter of Section 19 of Township $ South, Range 7 East, SBBM, as shown on the USGS 7.5' La Quinta, California topographic quadrangle sheet (Figure 2). Site elevation is about 80 feet above mean sea level (amsl). Much of archaeological site CA-RIV-6376 lies on the slope of a large sandy channel bank overlooking the Whitewater River drainage (Figure 3). This semi -stable sand dune consists of several blowouts which contain cultural material. This type of landform is typical of the remnant shoreline of Ancient Lake Cahuilla, a large lake that once occupied the basin to the south and east of the project area. Soil of this area comprises a gray -tan aeolian sand that ranges from loose to well compacted. y j t Jt �• I M Figure 3. General view of site CA-RIV-6376 looking northeatt. Formation of the study area's natural setting was much like that of the nearby Myotna Dunes investigated by Wilke (1978). Production of sand dunes oftentimes occurs as a result of deposition of aeolian sand around and near stands of vegetation. Because many vegetation stands, particularly mesquite thickets, grew near the shoreline of Ancient Lake Cahuilla, sand dune fields were commonly located marginal to the lakeshore. Native vegetation of the study area comprises a Creosote Scrub community. Plants typical of this community are creosote (Larrea tridentata), mesquite (Prosopis glandulosa), burobush (Ambrosia dumosa), and dicoria (Dicoria canescens). Schismus barbatus, an evasive, non-native grass, is also common on contemporary sand dunes. Animal species of the area include cottontail (Syvilagus audubonii), jackrabbit (Lepus californicus), wobdrat (Neotoma spp.), pocket mouse (Perognathus spp.), coyote (Canis latrans), scorpion (Hpdrurus spp.), Western Shovel -nosed Snake (Chionactic occipitalis), Sidewinder (Crotalus cerastes), Desert: Iguana (Dipsosaurus dorsalis), Side -blotched lizard (Uta stansburiana), Mourning Dove (Zenaida 5 Op macroura), Say's Phoebe (Sayornis soya), Gambel's Quail (Callipepla gambelii), Common Raven (Corvus coraz), Anna's Hummingbird (Calypte anna), Red-tailed Hawk (Buteo lineatus), Lesser Nighthawk (Chordeiles acutipennis), and American Kestrel (Falco sparverius). The study area falls within the Lower Sonoran Life Zone, as does approximately 60% of Cahuilla territory (Bean and Saubel 1972:12). This zone extends from the desert floor (below sea level) to the pinyon -juniper belt (about 3,500 feet amsl). The Coachella Valley, due to its placement on the eastern side of the Peninsular ranges (San Jacintos and Santa Rosas), its blocked from receiving moisture moving eastward from the Pacific Ocean. This blockade results in low rainfall of generally less than 5 inches of precipitation annually. Not only does this region have little rainfall, but it also is one of the hottest deserts on the continent, having a mean ;maximum temperature in July that easily exceeds 100' (Bailey 1966:42). At present the nearest natural water source is the Whitewater River, which lies approximately 50 meters to the southwest. As mentioned above, an ancient lake once existed near the study area. This lake, most commonly known as Ancient Lake Cahuilla (also called Lake La Conte or Blake's Sea), existed during periods of inundation of the area by the Colorado River. The River's usual course was to flow directly into the Gulf of California. Periodically, fluctuations in distributary channels would create an accumulation of sediments at the river's mouth. This would result in the formation of a deltaic barrier which restricted access to the gulf, causing the course of the river to shift. This diversion caused the Salton Trough, a geologic depression that extends northward 140 miles (225 km) from the gulf, to fill and form a fresh water lake. The high stand of this lake was 42 feet (12 m) amsl, with a maximum depth of 312 feet (95 m), and a surface area of over 2200 square miles or 5700 square kilometers (Wilke 1988; Waters 1983). Wilke (1978) and Laylander (1997) estimated that it would take 12-20 years to fill the basin to this level if the Colorado River emptied entirely into the lake. Eventually, the river's course would shift back to the gulf and desiccation of the lake would occur. It would probably take 55- 60 years (Wilke 1978; Laylander 1997) for the lake to completely desiccate after the flow was diverted. It is generally accepted that Lake Cahuilla has had at least three major lacustrine intervals in which the 42 foot amsl. level was reached (Wilke 1978; Waters 1983); each of these intervals probably lasted between 100-250 years. This chronology, originally presented by Wilke (1978), proposed that there was a high lake stand between 100 BC and AD 600, another between AD 900 and AD 1250, and a final one between AD 1300 and AD 1500. He based his argument on sequencing and clustering of radiocarbon dates obtained from charcoal, shell, and tufa deposits. These dates were corroborated with historical accounts of the region. Waters (1983) argued for yet another highstand occurring within Wilke's timeframe. He suggested that the first inundation was around AD 700 and the final desiccation occurred circa AD 1580. Waters' chronology was based on radiocarbon dates of stratified shell and charcoal deposits. His dates were also supported by historical accounts. Recently, researchers (Quinn 1997; Gurrola and Rockwell 1996; Rockwell 1995; Schaefer 1994) have proposed additional stands of Lake Cahuilla. The latest archaeological and geological research in the Coachella Valley has produced evidence which leans toward a last highstand occurring in the seventeenth century. A summary of highstand dates consistent with the most recent data is as follows: 1) AD 1600-1677, 2) AD 1425-1500, 3) AD 1200-1395, 4) AD 950-1150, and 5) AD 885 (Laylander 1997; Quinn 1997; 6 .. Q�1 Waters 1983; Wilke 1978; Gurrola and Rockwell 1996; Rockwell 1995; Schaefer 1994). As is evident, three major recessions, lasting 50 years or longer, have occurred since AD 900. A smaller recession, lasting approximately 30 years also took place during the latter part of the fourteenth and early fifteenth centuries. Cahuilla oral history tells of the rising and falling of Lake Cahuilla. Blake's (1856:98 as cited in Wilke 1978) version of the story, as told to him by "the chief' was of a great water (agua grande) which covered the whole valley and was filled with fine fish. There were also plenty of geese and ducks. Their fathers lived in the mountains and used to come dowel to the lake to fish and hunt. The water gradually subsided `poco,' `poco,' (little by little), and their villages were moved down from the mountains, and into the valley it had left. They also said that the water once returned very suddenly and overwhelmed many of their people and drove the restt back to the mountains. It is also said that with the recession of Lake Cahuilla the mythical coyote "came down from the mountains and planted mesquite beans on the lakebed (Bowers 1888 and 1891 as cited in Wilke 1978:6)." Mesquite later became an important resource for the Cahuilla. Inundation of the lake would have produced a rich marshland environment that could have been exploited along with the lake and desert resources. Many useful plants grow in this community and were used by the Cahuilla. The marshland would have also drawn in many birds, mammals, and herptiles. Undoubtedly, the Cahuilla also took advantage of these faunal resources. C$iflfl I1011 :\7fi-1I Il UTtl While the regional ethnography of the study area is fairly well accounted for, its precontact history is poorly understood. Archaeologists have struggled for years to put together comprehensive chronologies for what is referred to as the Prehistoric Period (time preceding contact with Europeans) of Native American history. The sequence of prehistoric habitation presented here is based primarily on the concordance of sequences presented by Warren (1984) and Warren and Crabtree (1986). Warren's timeframe divisions were based on technological changes in lithic use (i.e. millingstones and projectile points). His model was originally devised for the Mojave desert region, but because of basic technological similarities in southern California Indian cultures it is also applicable to the Colorado desert peoples. Lake Mojave Period This period probably represents the earliest phase of human occupation in southern California. It began by at least 10,000 BC and lasted until around 5000 BC. This period is characterized by hunting of larger games animals using spears and articulated spear -throwing devices termed "atlatls." Spear points of this period initially were quite large, lanceolate in shape, and were oftentimes fluted, having a longitudinal groove along the central portion of the 'body for attachment to a spear. Other projectile points such as Lake Mojave, Parman, and Silver Lake points, were somewhat smaller (though still large in comparison to later arrow points) and foliate in shape. Crescents, specialized scrapers, leaf -shaped knives, drills, and some choppers/ hammerstones are other tools which have been identified with this period. Millingstones typically are not present. The artifact assemblage of this period is indicative of a generalized hunting and gathering subsistence economy. Archaeological sites from early on in this period were generally associated with Pleistocene lake shorelines. As the Altithermal (a warmer and drier climatic period that lasted from 6000 BC to 900 BC) set in, sites began to concentrate around desert oases, away flour receding lakes that were becoming too brackish for consumption. This movement likely spawned the technological change that would lead to the Pinto Basin complex. Pinto Period The Pinto Period dates from around 5000 to 2000 BC, corresponding roughly to the Millingstone Horizon in the coastal areas of California. Although desert and coastal peoples shared cultural traits during this period, desert peoples probably did not have the same dependence on millingstones as coastal peoples. Seed grinding does not appear to be an important economic activity yet to the peoples of this period, but the presence of flat slab and occasionally shallow - basin metates along with manos, indicates growing importance that plant seed resources were beginning to have. Presumably these peoples were still maintaining a large and small game hunting and vegetal gathering economy during this period. Pinto points, as defined by Campbell and Campbell (1935), are the distinctive lithics of this period. These are usually found in association with heavy -keeled scrapers, and millingstones. Pinto Basin complex sites are generally found in association with ephemeral lakes, stream channels, and springs, which to some suggests a break in the Altithermal warming. Presumably there was a reoccupation of lakeshore areas around 4500 BC and then a retreat back to desert oases by 3500 BC. This time period is known as the Little Pluvial. Gypsum Period The Gypsum Period is believed to date from around 2000 BC to about AD 500. Again, primary artifacts indicative of this period are projectile points of various types, including Gypsum Cave, Humbolt series, and Elko series points. The early Gypsum period is characterized by larger projectile points when use of the dart and atlad were still common. Later, with the introduction of the bow and arrow, smaller points become prominent. Manos and metates become more common, and the mortar and pestle come into use --indicating a developing reliance upon fleshier seed foods such as mesquite pods and acorns. Presence of Haliotis and Olivella shell beads in sites of this period provide the earliest evidence for contact between desert and coastal peoples. Saratoga Springs Period The Saratoga Springs Period lasts from about AD 500 to 1200. During this period the southern desert region, in which the Coachella Valley lies, deviates from the rest of the desert region due to heavy cultural influence by the Hakataya, a lower Colorado River group. The Hakataya influence brings drastic technological change to the peoples of this region. Buff -ware and Brownware pottery, made using the paddle and anvil technique, are introduced and reliance on the bow and arrow increases which leads to a new projectile point type called Cottonwood 8 Triangular. Millingstones, including manos, metates, pestles, and mortars are present in this time period. Shoshonean Period The Shoshonean Period spans from AD 1200 to contact with Europeans. It is characterized mostly by continuing regional development, which causes groups to differentiate technologically, ethnographically, and linguistically. In the Coachella Valley region, Hakataya influence continues, with Colorado Buffware and Tizon Brownware still present. Desert Side - notched points have become the dominant point type. Proto-Historic Period Desert Cahuilla have inhabited the Coachella Valley region for at least the last 1000 years. They are a Takic speaking people who are more closely culturally tied with coastal and Colorado River groups than with most other Mojave desert peoples. First known contact with the Cahuilla by a European was during the Juan Bautista de Anza expedition in 1774-1776. They were largely ignored by the Spanish until the establishment of the Asistencias San Ant6nio de Pala (1816), Santa Ysabel (1818), and San Bernardino (1830). Through these mission outposts the Spanish managed to indirectly influence Cahuilla religious beliefs and culture. During the Mexican occupation of California, the Cahuilla were largely left alone by intruders. It was not until 1853 when the Southern Pacific Railroad began surveying the Coachella Valley for a possible railroad route that the Cahuilla were again bothered. By this point the lands inhabited by the Cahuilla had become desired by Americans. In response to this, President Ulysses S. Grant began allotting Cahuilla lands in 1875 to give to American settlers. It was during this period when the removal of the Cahuilla to government reservations began. Ten reservations were created that affected the Cahuilla; of these, four are in the Coachella Valley. Ethnography Many studies of Cahuilla culture have been conducted over the years. Among the most informative accounts are Bean (1972, 1978), Strong (1929), Hooper (1920), and Kroeber (1908). Four excellent ethnobiological studies also exist (Ebeling 1986, Barrows 1900, Kroeber 1925, and Bean and Saubel 1972), as well as archaeological accounts of prehistoric Cahuilla adaptations to the desiccation of ancient Lake Cahuilla (e.g. Wilke 1978), The Cahuilla are divided by anthropologists into three subgroups, the Desert Cahuilla of the Coachella Valley, the Pass Cahuilla of the San Gorgonio pass area, and the Mountain Cahuilla of the Santa Rosa and San Jacinto mountains. These divisions were based on geographic separation and dialect differences, but they were not necessarily recognized by the Cahuilla themselves. Actually, the Cahuilla did not consider themselves to be of one tribe as western anthropologists have designated them to be. Bean (1972:85) reported that "the maximal level of social identification among the Cahuilla was the ?ivi?1yu?atum, a linguistically and culturally defined group ... [which] refers to persons speaking the Cahuilla language and recognizing a commonly shared cultural heritage ... [but] a more precise membership criterion existed at the next level of 9 024 group identity." A person's inclusion in his or her moiety and lineage (or clan) was primary to any tribal affiliation. The two moieties, or main divisions, of the Cahuilla were the Istam (coyote) and the Tuktum (wild cat). Moieties were patrilinear and exogamous, meaning that lineage was followed through the father and that members of one moiety had to marry into the other. Clans were numerous and were named after or associated with the villages they comprised. Individual Clans claimed ownership over their village and the territories in which they hunted, gathered, and camped. Territories could be several square miles in extent and were only for the use of a specific lineage. Mesquite grove boundaries, for instance, were drawn to include specific trees. Everyone knew who those trees belong to so that if someone from another lineage was found trespassing, a fight could ensue. But in times of need, areas were shared with other clans. This allowance occurred regularly with mesquite because these groves do not produce bountiful crops each year. In the case of crop failure, a neighboring clan would invite the misfortunate person into their territory to gather. A number of villages were located near the study area Cow on vah al ham ah, located at Point Happy, was one such village. Gifford (1918:188-189) recounts the story of Cow on vah al ham ah as: The eagle Aswetsi was the mythical leader of the Sewakil clan of the coyol:e moiety. In the mountains to the west of Coachella is a rock where this deity rested. The marks in the rock show the position of his chin, elbows, and feet. The marks of his feet have been damaged by white people. Strong (1929:102) related the story as told by Alejo Patencio, "then aswitsei came up to the mountains at kavinic where he leaned against a rock leaving the marks of his elbows and knees. He looked toward maulmii (Toro), then he climbed up the mountain and lay down watching the people, leaving the marks of his elbows and ribs. As he came down he slipped leaving the print of his hand in the soft rocks. Near kavinic was a palm with which he talked." Aswitsei is believed to have married the beautiful daughter of a man named kauicwikil and then settled at a nearby village called Kotevewit (Strong 1929:86). PREVIOUS ARCHAEOLOGICAL STUDIES An archaeological records search of the area was completed in June of 1999 prior to a Phase I (archaeological survey) cultural resource investigation conducted in the vicinity of the project area (Brock and Smith 1999). During this investigation, CA-RIV-6376 was identified by the presence of scattered pottery, burnt clay, shellfish remains, bone, and fire affected rock. The record search of the area indicated that approximately 75% of the area within one-half mile had been surveyed prior to the current investigation. Fifteen archaeological sites, consisting primarily of medium to large habitation sites, have been recorded within this same half mile radius. One of these sites is the ethnographically recorded Cahuilla village she of Cow, o vah al ham, located approximately 500 meters to the south and across the Whitewater River. 10 021 RESEARCH DESIGN INTRODUCTION A research design is a guide document to organize research and interpret findings. It provides a structure from which the evaluation of significance can be made. A research design is usually regional in scope and based on some type of statistically -based sampling program (see Binford 1964). A research design generally has the following elements: (1) a theoretical orientation, (2) research areas, or domains, under which come (3) specific research hypotheses or questions which have (4) test implications for interpretation of field data. THEORETICAL ORIENTATION The theoretical orientation which structures this research design is cultural materialism. Cultural materialism assumes that decision making by people and groups is based upon economic considerations. It assumes that behavior, at least in the long term, is rational and therefore adaptive. It recognizes that people and groups have not and do not always behave in a rational manner but from the relatively gross temporal perspective of archaeology, such behavior is not statistically significant. RESEARCH DOMAINS The research domains, or topics, which will be considered are chronology, subsistence practices, settlement systems, exchange systems, and site structure and formative processes. Discussions of these domains are provided below. Chronology Chronology is the backbone of archaeology. Establishing the sequence of cultural change through time is a fundamental concern in archaeology. Unless a site can be placed in a temporal context, its ability to address the evolution of a cultural system is seriously limited. Fortunately, datable material (e.g. charcoal) is relatively abundant on sites in the La Quiinta area, including those investigated during the current project. From this data, it is clear that abundant Late Period sites are present in the La Quinta area. A major concern in the region's archaeology is establishing changes in Late Period settlement and subsistence patterns in relation to the fluctuations in the water level of Ancient Lake Cahuilla. Furthermore, since evidence for temporally earlier sites is lacking, any data helping to establish an Archaic Period chronology for the area is extremely valuable. u Does the site contain sufficient material for absolute or relative dating? Test implications: presence of carbon in sufficient quantity to provide absolute dates, presence of temporally -sensitive artifact types. 11 c ■ Is there any evidence for an archaic period use of the site? Test implications: absolute (e.g. carbon) date of pre -AD 900 or presence of artifacts (e.g. projectile points, beads) dated to pre -AD 900. Can the site be tied in to one or more of the postulated stands of ancient Lake Cahuilla (see e.g. Waters 1983)? Test implication: absolute date(s) that corresponds to a postulated stand of Lake Cahuilla. ■ Is there any evidence for a post -Lake Cahuilla use of the site? Test implication: absolute or relative date of post -AD 1650, presence of historical artifacts. Subsistence Practices Presence of a relatively decent sized faunal assemblage from CA-RIV-4746 should provide a good range of evidence for exploitation of faunal resources. Examined with other sites in mind that are located in the vicinity, this assemblage also presents a regional look at resource exploitation. Reconstruction of ceramic vessel forms and the types of ground stone implements present could provide information on the types of resources being exploited by the site's inhabitants. ■ Is there evidence of a change in subsistence strategies resulting from the desiccation of Lake Cahuilla? Test implication: change in frequencies of particular faunal species in stratigraphically discrete contexts dating to the last stand and later periods. ■ Is there presence of ceramic forms and ground stone implements that are indicative of certain types of resources exploitation activities? ■ Is there evidence of agriculture? If so, does it relate to changing subsistence practices forced by the desiccation of Lake Cahuilla? Settlement Systems Information on settlement patterns should be present in the data from the site. Data may present evidence of changing settlement patterns with the different lacustral episodes of Ancient Lake Cahuilla and those caused by the final desiccation of the lake. ■ Can settlement location be related to a particular stand of Ancient Lake Cahuilla? ■ Is there evidence of a change in settlement patterns pertaining to the desiccation of Lake Cahuilla? 12 .. 1. 0 27 • Was shoreline occupation at Lake Cahuilla primarily seasonal or year round (Wilke 1978:14)? Exchange Systems Patterns of exchange should be evidenced in artifactual material from the site. Such things as lithic types, ceramics, and beads present could indicate trade relations with other groups (e.g. Colorado River or coastal California). The following research questions have been developed to address this domain: ■ Are exotic resources present at the site? Do these represent direct procurement or exchange mechanisms? ■ Is there evolution through time in the types or quantities of non -local resources present? ■ Is the local catchment area sufficiently diverse in natural resources to discourage trade relations? ■ Is there evidence of the exchange of technologies or ideas, rather than material objects? Site Structure and Formative Processes The aeolian sand dune environment is atypical of southern California archaeological contexts. Some assumptions that are taken for granted in California archaeology tray not necessarily apply to the special environment under consideration. Recent work in the La Quinta area (Brock and Smith 1998) has lead us to put forward the following hypotheses: ■ Because of soil deflation in the aeolian sand environment sites with the most abundant surface material will generally be shallow. Test implication: cultural deposits in such scenarios will generally be less than 10 centimeters in depth. ■ Surface sites will generally evaluate as non -significant for two primary reasons: (1) relic seekers will have picked the diagnostic artifacts from the surface and (2) they will be largely undateable because surface charcoal will have blown away or be contaminated and diagnostic artifacts will be gone. ■ Buried sites will be present in the aeolian sand dune environment and they will have the greatest research potential. What goes up must come down. Sand accumulation will occur in the dune environment, particularly in regenerative vegetation contexts (e.g. mesquite dunes). This will result in cultural deposits being sealed and buried through time. These deposits will have good integrity. Test implication: discovery of archaeological sites with no, or minimal, surface indicators. 13 0 8 Iu1��177.V FIELDWORK TECHNIQUES Prior to commencing fieldwork, a 25-meter grid was laid over the entire surface of CA-RIV- 6376. This grid was laid using labeled wooden stakes and was tied into a previously established survey point (RCE/25658). This grid system was applied to all fieldwork conducted for the project. A transit was used for surface collection and site mapping. Site mapping included plotting test trenches and units and features such as blowouts containing cultural material. A systematic random sampling strategy was used to determine placement of the trenches and units excavated. To test the hypothesis that buried cultural deposits could be present, systematic backhoe trenching was conducted along the site grid (Figure 4). Trenches were excavated immediately west of the wooden stakes marking grid points. Trenches were generally one meter wide by two to three meters long and averaged two meters in depth. The depth of a trench may be affected by such factors as presence of disturbed or intrusive soils or a continuous cultural deposit resulting in either a shallow or deeper excavation. Generally the two crew members closely monitored backhoe excavations to ensure limited disturbance to potentially buried cultural deposits. All materials from the trench were processed using a large portable screen containing '/4 inch hardware mesh. This specialized screen was designed to handle the larger and heavier loads extracted by backhoe. Any cultural material found in the screen was collected and its provenience noted. Changes in soil color, texture, or presence of discernable stratigraphy were also noted. The backhoe trench technique was used as an investigative tool to explore and demarcate the extents of cultural deposits. These trenches can also aid in the determination of the most productive areas to locate hand excavation. units. Standard archaeological field methods were utilized during hand excavations (Figure 5). Excavation units were one -by -one meter in size and were dug in either contour or arbitrary 10 centimeter levels. Soil taken from the units was screened using 1/8`h—inch shaker screens. Unit wall profiles exhibiting marked stratigraphy or deposition were drawn and soil samples were obtained from each discernable stratigraptric layer. Photographs were taken of all excavation units once completed. Field crew consisted of Jim Brock, Principal Investigator, and William A. Sawyer, Lead Archaeological Surveyor, for Archaeological Advisory Group. Fieldwork was conducted between August 12 to August 16, 1999. In accordance with State Historic Preservation Office guidelines.. all cultural materials over 45 years in age were consideted for potential cultural resource value. 14 029 Figure 4. View of backhoe trench excavation in progress looking west with the Washington Street bridge in the background. Figure 5. View of test unit excavation in progress looking northwest aeross the site. 15 030 LABORATORY TECHNIQUES Laboratory work consisted of cleaning, sorting, cataloging, and analysis Of recovered specimens. A computer database program was utilized in constructing and maintaining an artifact/ecofact catalog. Cataloging and analyses were conducted by Brenda D. Smith and James Brock of Archaeological Advisory Group, Dr. Thomas A. Wake of the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) Zooarchaeology Lab, and Dr. Owen Davis of the Department of Geosciences, University of Arizona. Specimens from the site were numbered with the appropriate California state trinomial and catalog number. Catalog numbers consist of five digits. The first two digits denote the material/analysis category (e.g., CA for carbon, CE for ceramics, FA for faunal). The last three digits correspond to the consecutive order of specimens within each category. The faunal analysis performed by Dr. Thomas Wake was completed by sorting specimens and identifying each to the most discrete taxonomic level possible. All identifications were confirmed using the comparative osteological collection housed at the UCLA Zooarchaeology Laboratory. When possible, skeletal elements, age, and modifications were also identified. For specific details regarding laboratory methods of Dr. Davis' pollen analysis, please see Appendix 3. The ceramics analysis was completed by first distinguishing generic ceramic wares (i.e. brownware or buffware) and then determining ware sub -type for each sherd. Wares were distinguished by examining characteristics such as temper, paste, thickness, color, inclusions, and smoothness of surface area. Ceramic ware sub -type categories used for the analysis of CA- RIV-6376 ceramics are presented below in Table 1. Table t_ Ceramic ware sub -tune categories used in analvsis of CA-RIV-6376 ceramics. Ware Sub -type Descri tion Brownware (BR) BR01 Sherd temper: gay paste; almost no quartz; mica flecking; medium thickness; mostly smooth interior and exterior BR02 Distinct red -black -red internal banding; many quartz chunks included, some with mica attachment: thin to medium thickness: mostly smooth interior and Ixterior BR03 Poorly sorted subangular quartz. lots of mica flecks, some attachment to quartz; internal banding of gray with light streak of pink at edge; thick; friable; interior and exterior are rough. shows temper BR09 Sherd temper; a lot of broken up, poorly sorted quartz; fair amount of mica some attachment to quartz. distinct banding of red-black/dark gray -red; uneven thickness; mostiv smooth exterior, slightly rough to rough interior BRIO Clay inclusions; quartz and mica abundant, some mica -quartz attachment, quartz broken up: lightly banded. mostly gray with brown streak at edge; medium thickness; mostly smooth Buflware (BU) BU01 Fine paste. dominates internal body; subrounded to subangular quartz, some mica flecks; thickness varies; stucco present; generally smooth interior and exterior BU02 Quartz abundant with some mica attachment; medium thickness; semi-roue-h surface area some ternper showing 16 031 FINDINGS FIELDWORK DETAILS AND GENERAL FINDINGS Phase I fieldwork (survey) conducted for a property adjacent to the study area identified the presence of archaeological site CA-RIV-6376 (Brock and Smith 1999a). Once the property owner was informed of the existence of CA-RIV-6376, the decision was made to proceed to a Phase II test excavation. The Phase II investigation consisted of the excavation of 14 trenches and 5 test units and surface collections. This section accounts for the findings of the Phase II investigation. SURFACE COLLECTION AND MAPPING Surface artifact and ecofact collection, along with general mapping, was conducted at site CA- RIV-6376. Surface manifestations from the site are shown in Figure 6 and consist of brownware and buffware ceramics, tabular and globular baked clay, two Desert Side -notched projectile points, lithic flakes and debitage, ground stone, and manuported rock (Table 2). Table 2. Surface manifestations of CA -RI V-6376 by material category. Material Category Number Weight rams Brownware Ceramics 149 745.0 Buffware Ceramics 16 42.8 Lithic Debita a and Flakes 15 37.4 Projectile Points 2 1.5 Globular Baked Clay 4 118.2 Tabular Baked ClaY 1 10.9 Ground Stone 9 1529.4 Manu orted Rock 1 83.9 Total 197 2569.1 UNIT AND TRENCH DESCRIPTIONS Trenches A systematic, 25-meter interval grid of backhoe trenches was initially excavated across the property to investigate potential subsurface deposits. Fourteen trenches were dug corresponding to staked grid points set along the site (Figure 6). Thirteen trenches produced cultural materials. Table 3 provides a summary of the trenching done for the project. 17 U�� \ \ =,N \O0 (v CA-RIV/-6376 Sienna 1 TN 0 Meters 26 KEY •Grid point N1751E100 0 Backhoe trench location C 4• f o Unit location •12 I ` • Surface collection IOcati / alavur2 \` 1 61. .7 j� 9 .5 \ \ \ • •�a 7 \ } \413 /I Nt501E75 a• \ o• � \ �'N1501Et25 �_ L � � N750JE100 \l r 27F \\ \,l Um; 1 0 57 � \ C 1 \ 25 1 9bwgX61 � i • '\ •o • •8� BO-mg3 \ \ \.28 j25 / \�� i85�\ \�.� n l \24\�� [54 \ Blwr.uf\\ 29�31• 34 1 �/ \ oN12Sl' E75 \ N1 ,3 .,\\•32 .. o N1�SIE725 \ o,N1t25/E150 \ • .38 1 �\ Unit 255 61 \ 42•\ ` \ \� \ 01E100 j •�� \ Patuml 88 NiN1N1001E7g5 oM1001050 ^\ Unit 3 �' r ain.vrt, \ .+2 \ \ Apo o \\ \ \ \\ \ Unit 4 \\ \ \ • ss �, // "� N751E775 52 o_ Lds JUnit �\ �s Figure 6. Map of archaeological site CA-RIV-6376. 18 Table 3. Summary of backhoe trench data from CA-RIV-6376. Trench Number Depth cros Stratigraphic Observations neral Findings 75/E 150 200 ems Dune sands hell, baked clay, iranitic rock feces 75/E175 200 ems Dune sands ihell, fire affected rock, charcoal, baked la 100/E100 200 cros Dune sands with some moisture hell, ceramics, baked clay, burnt mano, harcoal, fish vertebra ]00/E125 200 ems Dune sands hell, baked clay, charcoal, granitic rock, sh vertebra 100/E150 200 ems 3we sands hell, charcoal, baked clay I251E75 200 cros om acted silt qegative 125/E100 200 cros a sands hell, charcoal, fish vertebra 125/E125 200 curs 3une sands eramic shards, shell, charcoal 125/EI50 200 tins 3ime sands 3aked clay, granitic rock, shell 150/E75 200 cros 3ime sands with increased ilts 3aked clay, charcoal 150/E100 200 cros Owe sands hell, basalt flake, ceramic sherds, charcoal 150/E125 200 tins a sands hell, anitic roc ceramic sherds 175/EI00 200 tins a sands ranitic cock, is sherds 200/E100 200 cros Otme sands Pranitic rock, charcoal Units All excavation units were one -by -one meter in size and excavated in either contour or arbitrary 10 centimeter levels. Units were dug from datum (northwest unit comer) to sterile level unless collapsing sidewalls forced further excavation to be terminated. Datum points for all units were linked into the site grid system. A total of five excavation units were dug at CA-RIV-6376 (Figure 6). Only two of these units showed distinct stratigraphic layering. A summary of materials recovered from the excavated units is presented in Table 4 below. Unit 1 Unit 1 was located at NI42/E103 and excavated on contour to a depth of '70 centimeters. This unit yielded brownware ceramic sherds, tabular baked clay, bone and shell fragments, and charcoal flecks. A posthole was placed at the bottom of the unit and was dug an additional 100 centimeters to a total depth of 170 centimeters. The posthole contained no cultural material. 19 034 Unit 2 Unit 2 was located at NI 17/E 103 and dug on contour to a depth of 70 centimeters. This unit produced bone and shell fragments, globular clay, thermally -affected rock, and charcoal flecks. A distinct stratigraphy was present in this unit and the profile was drawn and photographed (Figures 7 and 8). A posthole was dug an additional 115 centimeters to a total depth of 185 centimeters. No cultural materials were recovered from the posthole excavation. Unit 3 This unit was located at N92/E103 and was excavated on contour to a depth of 40 centimeters. This unit produced bone and shell fragments and charcoal flecks and also showed distinct stratigraphy (Figure 9). No posthole was placed in this unit, Unit 4 Unit 4 was located at N92/E128 and was excavated on contour to a maximum depth of 40 centimeters (Figure 10). This unit yielded only, bone and shell fragments and some small pieces of charcoal. No posthole was dug due to very loose sand which caused the unit sidewalls to collapse. Unit 5 This unit was located at N67/E153 and was excavated on contour to a total depth of 40 centimeters due to sidewall collapse. This unit yielded tabular baked clay fragments, pieces of shell, and some unburned granitic fragments. A posthole was dug to 130 centimeters below surface (90 cros.). Table 4. Distribution of recovered materials by excavation unit from CA-RIV-6376. Material Category Unit 1 Unit 2 Unit 3 Unit 4 Unit 5 N Grams N Grams N Grams N Grams N Grams Ceramics 9 11.2 - Tabular Clay 3 0.2 - 1 0.1 Globular Clay - - 1 0.1 - - - - - Faunal 19 0.5 45 1.2 16 0.4 7 0.2 - - Shell 58 4.1 480 49.4 19 0.4 85 12.3 18 0.6 Thermally -affected Rock I5 0.3 Total 104 16.3 526 50.7 35 0.8 91 12.5 19 0.7 N=number of specimens. 20 035 CA-RIV-6376 Unit 2 North VI/aIl Posthole to IN cm below around surface Layer I. LightgraY(Munsell: 70YR72) awOm sand containing charcoal fraebents and micaceous sand. Roots pnd rootlets. Layorlt. Whih(Munsell: igYR82) firWy layer" awl)an sand containing roots and rodtlets. Layers. Ll9M 9MY (MwraW 1GYR72) Rnedy layered awllan sand$ and Was Wth micaceous landing. Figure 7. Stratigraphic profile of north side wall of Unit 2, CA-RIV-6376. Figure 8. View of the east side wall of Unit 2, CA-RIV-6376. 21 036 Figure 9. View of Unit 3, CA-RIV-6376. Figure 10. View of Unit 4, CA-RIV-6376. 22 037 ANALYSIS OF RECOVERED MATERIAL Ceramics A total of 193 ceramic sherds, weighing 840.0 grams, were recovered from CA-RIV- 6376. Of these, 177 are brownwares and 16 are buffwares. Figure 11 presents the ceramic ware composition of the assemblage by sub -type. Ware sub -types are described in the methodology section of this report. Burnt specimens account for 46 sherds of the assemblage. rn 100 w -- ° 80 s 60 N 40 w C 20 L_ m 0 0 N M O co� O a tV m 7 (Z' � � � � � Z m com com W m Ceramic Ware Sub -type Figure 11. Composition of ceramic wares by sub -type for CA-RIV-6376. Brownwares dominate the ceramics assemblage of CA-RIV-6376. This composition is expected for a site that is located near the foothills of the Peninsular Ranges. As discussed by Brock and Smith (1998) and demonstrated by Smith (1999), brownwares which are manufactured from sedimentary clays produced from decomposed batholithic materials that wash down from the mountains (Hildebrand, et al 1998), should be more prominent at sites that are closer to the foothills. Buffwares, on the other hand, should dominate assemblages at sites close to the ancient shoreline of Lake Cahuilla. CA-RlV- 6378 is located approximately 600 meters from the base of Point Happy and 2,400 meters from the nearest highstand shoreline of Ancient Lake Cahuilla. Three rim sherds were recovered from Trench N100/E100 and two surface collections. Vessel form could not be determined from these sherds, however, two (Cat. Nos. CE006 and CE107) have direct rims and one (Cat. No. CE070) has a slightly recurved rim. These rims indicate that the first two were probably manufactured duting the ceramic phase designated by Waters (1982) as Patayan I (1075 to 950 BP) and that the third rim may be at the transition between this phase and the Patayan II phase (950 to 450 BP). 23 •- - 033 Three incised body sherds were recovered from the surface of CA-RIV.6376. Incising resembles a scratched pattern of two parallel lines, but the sherds ate too small to determine what the full incised pattern comprised. Baked Clay A total of 29 pieces of baked clay, comprising a total weight of 141.4 grams, were recovered during the Phase II investigation of CA-RVI-6376. Of this total, 5 (118.3 grams) are of the globular type and 24 (23.1 grams) are in tabular form These specimens were recovered from seven of the test trenches, four surface collections, and Units 1, 2, and 5. Seven of the fragments were burnt. Of these, three were recovered from the same trench from which a Razorback sucker (Xyrauchen texanus) bone was found. Ground Stone Two partial manos, two mano fragments, two metate fragments, and four ground stone fragments were recovered during the test excavation of CA-RIV-6376. All of the recovered specimens were composed of granite, save one sandstone mano fragment. This sam6 specimen was also the only piece of ground stone to be recovered from a trench rather than from a surface collection. The most complete specimen, Catalog Number GS005, is illustrated in Figure 12 below. Chipped Stone A total of 17 specimens of chipped stone were recovered during the test excavation. These specimens comprised a total weight of 39.0 grams. Of these, 8 are flakes, 7 are pieces of debitage, and 2 are projectile points. Material composition of the chipped stone is presented below in Table 5. Table 5. Material composition of chipped stone artifacts from CA-RIV-6376. Material Flake Debitage Projectile Point Total Basalt 2 1 - 3 Chert 4 3 1 8 Chalcedony 2 1 1 4 Quartz - 2 - 2 Total 8 7 2 17 Both of the recovered projectile points are miniature versions of the Desert Side -notched form (Heiner and Hester 1978; Figure 13). One of the points is missing its tip (Cat. No. CS007) and is made of brown chalcedony or agate. It measures 22.2 millimeters in height (without tip) with a base of 12.2 millimeters. The second Desert Side -notched point (CS009) is missing a small 24 039 Figure 12. Mano fragment (Cat. No. GS005) collected from CA-RIV-6376. The scale is 1:1. I 7y: Figure 13. Projectile points collected from CA-RIV-6376. Cat. Nos. CS007 (left) and CS009 (right). The scale is 1:1. 25 040 portion of its base (14.4 mm) and is made of gray and white chert. This point measures 26.5 millimeters in height and is bowed from tip to base. Both projectile points were recovered from the surface of site CA-RIV-6376 (SC No. 17 and 21). Thermally -affected and Manuported Rock Fifteen (0.3 grams) fragments of thermally -affected rock were recovered from Unit 2. of CA- RIV-6376. These fragments were collected from the 10-20, 40-50, and 60-70 centimeter levels. One manuported rock was found at Surface Collection #37. This rock was composed of granite and weighed 83.9 grams. Faunal Remains The faunal analysis was conducted at the Zooarchaeology Laboratpry at the Institute of Archaeology, University of California, Los Angeles. The report of this analysis is presented in Appendix 2. The study revealed that the skeletal remains of fish, birds, and mammals were recovered from surface and subsurface contexts at site CA-RIV-6376. No reptile or amphibian bone was identified. An analysis of procurement methods and dietary patterns observable in the faunal assemblage was also done (see Discussion, below). No large marmnal bones were found. Although the faunal sample was relatively small the assemblage was representative for the region. The site yielded 96 bone specimens that were identified and analyzed. Fish bone dominated the faunal assemblage and is represented by razorback suckers ()(vrauchen texanus) and bonytail (Gila elegans), in descending order of frequency. Among mammal bones, cottontail rabbits (Sylvilagus sp.) dominated the assemblage. There were also some rodents and other small mammals represented. Two bird bones were identified, but could not be determined to species. Pollen Analysis An analysis of pollen samples collected from CA-RIV-6376 was conducted by Owen K. Davis, Department of Geosciences, University of Arizona. A routine pollen analysis was done for two sediment samples from the site. The entire pollen analysis is found in Appendix 3. The concentration of pollen was low, but preservation was moderately good. The level of the pollen's preservation may be due to rapid burial of the sediment samples. Pollen that is typical of plants found in the Colorado Desert is present. The largest pollen sample was obtained from excavation Unit 3. The pollen of Chenopodiaceae-Amaranthus is the most abundant representing 65 % of the sample. The high frequency of Cherlopodiaceae-Amaranthus in Unit 3 may indicate a seasonal (late summer) pollen deposit. Pollen from Ambrosia, Larrea, Typha-Sparganium (cattail), Potamogeton (pondweed), and Botryocaccus (algae) are also present. According to Davis, the presence of Botryococcus is a strong indicator of permanent, 26 ,..- 041 relatively deep, water such as a lake or perennial stream The presence of pondweed and cattail also imply the presence of aquatic or streamside habitats. Freshwater Shell Remains All freshwater shell remains recovered from CA-RIV-6376 compared favorably to freshwater mussel (Anodonta sp.) that occupied Ancient Lake Cahuilla. A total of 660 shell fragments, weighing 66.8 grams were excavated from Units 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5. Six fragments, all from Unit 2, were burnt. Charcoal Charcoal fragments were noted within nine trenches and Units 1, 2, 3, and 4. Trench N1125/E100 produced a large enough sample for obtaining a radiocarbon date. The conventional radiocarbon age for this sample is 1970 ± 60 BP. The one sigma calibrated date (68% probability) is 40 BC to AD 85. Appendix 4 contains full results of the radiocarbon analysis. DISCUSSION/INTERPRETATION A total of 2,849.0 grams of cultural materials was recovered from CA-RIV-6376. These materials came from test excavation units, test trenches, and surface collections. Table 6 presents the distribution of recovered materials by weight. Figure 14 graphically illustrates the individual totals of materials recovered and Figure 15 shows material Categories by number of specimens collected. Tahle 6. Distrihution of recovered materials from CA-RIV-6376 by weight (a ms). Unit 1 Unit 2 Unit 3 Unit 4 Unit 5 Trenches Surface Collection Total Charcoal * • • * - 12.6 - 12.6 Ceramics 11.2 - 41.0 787.8 840.0 Clay, tabular 0.2 0.1 11.9 1019 23.1 Clay, globular - 0.1 - - - 118.2 118.3 Chipped StoneM16350.7 0.1 37.4 37.5 Projectile Point 1.5 1.5 Faunal 0.4 0.2 0.5 - 2.8 Shell, freshwater 0.4 12.3 0.6 - 66.8 Ground Stone - - - 132.8 1529.4 1662.2 Manu rted Rock - 83.9 83.9 Thermally -affected Rock - 0.3 Total 0.8 12.5 0.7 198.9 2561.1 2849.0 Note: All weights are in gams. ` Charcoal flecks noted. 27 -- 1800 1600 L a 288 tM 188g0000 d 1 200 O U N O C C O 0 C _ N E n c U 3 p o n c _ D N m U d U U LL U U Material Category PA=Thermally-affected Rock Figure 14. Recovered materials from CA-RIV-6376 by weight (grams). rn 700 — - -- - -- 600 E 500 'v 400 C L 300 fA 200 100 d E 0 c = c o 8 no v o o q z L 2 t C U tj U Material Category Note: TA=Thermally-affected Rock. Amounts for charcoal and shell are estimated Figure 15. Recovered materials from CA-RIV-6376 by number of specirpens collected. ,- u- 0 43 CONSIDERATION OF RESEARCH DOMAINS Chronology All of the artifactual materials recovered from CA-RIV-6376 seem to indicate that the site was used within the last 1,000 years. The earliest ceramics appear to represent the Patayan I phase of ceramic technology. The Desert Side -notched points indicate an age of between 1,900 and 700 years BP. Presence of fish bone and lacustrine pollens represent occupation during highstand(s) of Ancient Lake Cahuilla. The radiocarbon date obtained from the site indicates an age of 1970 t 60 BP. This date, however, may represent an anomaly. If this date is correct, then occupation of the site during an earlier period is suggested, although no conclusive evidence has been found in the region which indicates occupation earlier than 1000 to 1500 years before the present (Schaefer 1994; Smith 1999). Furthermore, the trench that yielded the charcoal sample, also produced ceramics which are believed to be indicative of the occupation in the region within the last 1,000 years. Unfortunately, this site did not yield any other charcoal samples large enough for radiocarbon analysis and no artifacts were found in direct association with the sample dated. Subsistence Practices According to Wake the presence of fish and possibly waterfowl indicate that the prehistoric inhabitants of the area exploited a lacustrine environment. The fish retrains also indicate that they were captured during the most recent high stand of Lake Cahuilla. The fishing strategies involved catching razorback suckers, with the occasional inclusion of bonytail. Wake also suggests that the occupation of this site may have been related to the spawning cycles of these two fish species. Procurement strategies for fish probably involved using a net, or the use of nets in tandem with the numerous weirs that lined the shores of Ancient Lake Cahuilla. Presence of rabbits, rodents, and small mammal indicate exploitation of local terrestrial habitats. Wake concludes that the inhabitants of CA-RIV-6376 used a mixed strategy of fishing and hunting rabbits. The lack of large mammal bones from CA-RIV-6376 suggests a reliance on small mammals and fish. Several pieces of bone were burned indicating that they were roasted or discarded in a fire. Exchange Systems Generally speaking, the local catchment area of the region during precontact times was sufficiently diverse in natural resources to discourage extensive trade relations. The absence of artifacts from outside areas indicates that this proposition is true. However, use of traps for fishing may have been borrowed from Native American groups along the Colorado River. It is also possible that fish was wrapped and cooked in clay at the site, as evidence by burnt tabular clay fragments and associated fish bone. This practice may also be borrowed from Colorado River groups. Therefore, although material evidence is lacking which conclusively demonstrates exchange between cultural groups, it appears that technologies probably were traded between the Cahuilla and Colorado River Groups. 29 044 Site Structure and Formative Processes As stated in the Research Design above, the aeolian sand dune environment is atypical of southern California archaeological contexts. Some assumptions that acre taken for granted in California archaeology may not necessarily apply to the special environmental conditions under consideration. Data from CA-RIV-6376, although not as clear-cut as other investigations in the region (e.g., Brock and Smith 1999b; Brock, Smith, and Wake 1999), tend to support the hypotheses put forward regarding the nature of sites in this environment. CA-RIV-6376 demonstrates that there is no conclusive relation between surface finds and buried deposits and that actually data appear to lean towards there being no correlation. Furthermore, determining site boundaries by surface artifacts is a mistake and would inaccurately delineate the site's extent. Therefore, random sampling of archaeological sites is preferable to finding buried deposits and determining site area, than basing predictions of site location and extent on surface manifestations. Interpretation From data gathered, it appears that CA-RIV-6376 is a habitation site that was principally occupied during highstands of Ancient Lake Cahuilla and probably within the last 1000 years. However, if the radiocarbon date is not in error or the result of non -cultural factors, then the possibility exists that there was a minor earlier occupation. The radiocarbon date should not be entirely ignored, but until more evidence is gathered from the region to suggest otherwise, it is most likely that the site was not occupied prior to 1000 years BP. Given the site's location within the ethnographically designated territoty of the Cahuilla, CA- RIV-6376 is presumably of Cahuilla affiliation. Also, given its close proximity to Point Happy it may be a part of, or associated with, the Cahuilla village of Cow on vah al ham ah. MANAGEMENT CONSIDERATIONS SITE EVALUATION Under CEQA an archaeological resource is significant if it meets one of the following criteria: (a) it is associated with an event or person of recognized significance in California or ,American history, or recognized scientific importance in prehistory; (b) it can provide information which is both of demonstrable public interest and useful in addressing scientifically consequential and reasonable archaeological research questions; (c) it has a special or particular quality such as oldest, best example, largest, or last surviving example of its kind; (d) it is at least 100 years old 30 0116 and possesses substantial stratigraphic integrity; or (e) it involves impottant research questions that historical research has shown can be answered only with archaeological methods. Additional criteria of significance is found in eligibility for the California Register of Historical Resources (CRHP), which is based upon the criteria used for Federal undertakings whereby resources are evaluated for their eligibility for inclusion in the National Register of Historic Places: A. Association with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of history. B. Association with the lives of persons significant in our past. C. Embody the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of constriction, or that represent the work of a master, or that possess high artistic values, or that represent a significant distinguishable entity whose components may lack individual distinction. D. Have yielded or may be likely to yield information important in history or prehistory. The test program indicated that CA-RIV-6376 is a late precontact deposit, similar to other archaeological sites of the region. The La Quinta area has such a high density of this type of site, that given the lack of diagnostic evidence and dateable remains of this site, CA-RIV-6376 is not Rely to be significant as an unique cultural resource of the region and in not considered eligible for listing in the NRHP or the CRHP. RECOMMENDATIONS CA-RIV-6376 is not a significant cultural resource of the region and is not considered eligible for listing in the National Register of Historic Places or the California Register of Historical Resources. As such, this report concurs with the interim report prepared for the Phase II test program of CA-RIV-6376 (Brock 1999) that recommended that further investigation of the site need not be conducted and that only monitoring of ground -disturbing activities would be necessary. This recommendation was implemented by Century Homes, A report detailing the results of construction monitoring is forthcoming. 31 046 REFERENCES CITED Bailey, Harry P. 1966 Weather of Southern California. California Natural History Guides 17. University of California Press, Berkeley. Barrows, David P. 1900 Ethno-botany of the Coahuilla Indians. University of Chicago Press, Chicago. Bean, Lowell John 1972 Mukat's People: The Cahuilla Indians of Southern California. University of California Press, Berkeley 1978 Cahuilla. In California, edited by Robert F. Heizer, pp. 575-587. Handbook of North American Indians, Vol. 8, William G. Sturtevant, general editor. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. Bean, Lowell John, and Katherine Siva Saubel 1972 Temalpakh: Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants. Malki Museum, Banning. Binford, Lewis R. 1964 A Consideration of Archaeological Research Design. American Antiqui47 29:425- 441. Brock, James 1999 Interim Report on Phase II Archaeological Test Program at Site "Sienna] ," North Bank of Whitewater River Between Washington and Adams Street. Ms. on file, City of La Quinta, California. Brock, James and Brenda D. Smith 1998 Archaeological Investigations for the Village on the Green Project, La Quinta, California. Ms. on file, City of La Quinta, California. 1999a Phase I Archaeological Assessment of 54.65 at the Southeast Corner of Washington Street and Miles Avenue, La Quinta, California. Ms. on file at the Eastern Information Center, University of California, Riverside. 1999b Phase II Test Excavation of APN 649-036-030, Northeast Corner of Avenue 48 and Adams Street, City of La Quinta, California. Ms. on file at the Eastern Information Center, University of California, Riverside. 32 � 0 4 1 Brock, James, Brenda D. Smith, and Thomas A. Wake 1999 Investigations at the Burning Dune Site, (CA-RIV-4754), La Quinta, California. AAG Monograph 1. Archaeological Advisory Group, Piopeertown, California. California Department of Parks and Recreation 1989 Archaeological Resource Management Reports (ARMR): Recommended Contents and Format. California Office of Historic Preservation, California Department of Parks and Recreation, Sacramento. Campbell, E.W.C., and W.H. Campbell 1935 The Pinto Basin Site: An Ancient Aboriginal Camping Ground in the California Desert. Southwest Museum Papers 9:1-51. Ebeling, Walter 1986 Handbook of Indian Foods and Fibers of Arid America. University of California Press, Berkeley, California Gifford, Edward W. 1918 Clans and Moieties in Southern California. University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology14(2):155-219. Berkeley. Gurrola, Larry D. and Thomas K. Rockwell 1996 Timing and Slip for Prehistoric Earthquakes on the Superstition Mountain Fault, Imperial Valley, Southern California. Journal of Geophysical Research 10 ] (B3):5977-5985. Heizer. Robert F. and Thomas R. Hester 1978 Great Basin Projectile Points: Forms and Chronology. Ballena Press Publications in Archaeology, Ethnology and History No. 10. Hildebrand, John A., G. Timothy Gross, Jerry Schaefer, and Hector Neff 1998 The Significance of Patayan Ceramic Variability: Using Trace Element and Petrographic Analysis to Study Brown Wares and Buff Wares in Southern California. In Neutron Activation Analysis of Prehistoric Pottery from the Greater Southwest, edited by D. Glowacki and H. Neff. Institute of Archaeology, University of California, Los Angeles. (in press) Hopper, Lucille 1920 The Cahuilla Indians. University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 16:316-379. Berkeley. Kroeber, A.J. 1908 Ethnography of the Cahuilla Indians. University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 8:29-68. Berkeley, 33 048 1925 Handbook of the Indians of California. 1976 reprint edition. Dover Publications, Inc., New York. Laylander, Don 1997 The Last Days of Lake Cahuilla: The Elmore Site. Pacific Coast Archaeological Society Quarterly 33(1 and 2): 1-138. Quinn, Harry M. 1997 Reconnaissance Geologic Investigation along the Old Shoreline of "Ancient Lake Cahuilla" Exposed in a Pipeline Trench Along Avenue 48 Just West of Jefferson Street, La Quinta, California. Ms. on file, Archaeological Advisory Group, Pioneertown, California. Rockwell, Thomas 1995 Lecture to the Coachella Valley Archaeological Society at the Palm Springs Desert Museum, March 17, 1995. Schaefer, Jerry 1994 The Challenge of Archaeological Research in the Colorado Desert: Recent Approaches and Discoveries. Journal of California and Great Basin Anthropology 16(1):60-80. Smith, Brenda D. 1999 Leveling the Ground: Cultural Investigations into Precontact Use of the Northern Shoreline of Ancient Lake Cahuilla. Unpublished MA Thesis, University of California, Los Angeles. Strong, William Duncan 1929 Aboriginal Society in Southern California. University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 26:1-349. Berkoley. Warren, Claude N. 1984 The Desert Region. In California Archaeology, by Michael J. Moratto, pp. 339- 430. Academic Press, New York. Warren, Claude N., and Robert H. Crabtree 1986 Prehistory of the Southwestern Area. In Great Basin, edited by Warren L. D'Azevedo, pp. 183-193. Handbook of North American Indians, Vol. 11, William C. Sturtevant, general editor. Smithsonian Institute, Washington D.C. Waters, Michael R. 1982 The Lowland Patayan Tradition. In Hohokam and Patayan: Prehistory of Southwestern Arizona. Edited by McGuire, Randall H. and Michael B. Schiffer, pp. 275-297. Academic Press, New York. 1983 Late Holocene Lacustrine Chronology and Archaeology of Ancient Lake 34 U49 Cahuilla, California. Quaternary Research 19:373-387. Wilke, Philip J. 1978 Late Prehistoric Human Ecology at Lake Cahuilla, Coachella Valley, California. Contributions of the University of California Archaeological Research Facility No. 38. University of California, Berkeley. 1980 Prehistoric Weir Fishing on Recessional Shorelines of Lake Cahuilla, Salton Basin, Southeastern California. Proceedings of the Desert Fishes Council 11:101-102. 1988 The Natural and Cultural Environment. In Archaeological Investigations at CA- RIV-1179, CA-RIV-2823, and CA-RIV-2827, La Quinta, Riverside County, California. Coyote Press, Salinas, California. 35 APPENDIX 1: PERSONNEL QUALIFICATIONS AAG STAFF James Brock (Principal Investigator) • BA (Anthropology) UC Santa Barbara • MA (Archaeology) University of Durham, Durham, England • Registered Professional Archaeologist (RPA), i.e. listed on Registry of Professional Archaeologists, formerly the Society of Professional Archaeologists (SOPA). SOPA certifications in field research, theoretical/archival research, and historical archaeology. • 20 years of experience as a Principal Investigator on cultural resource management projects throughout southern California William A. Sawyer (Lead Archaeological Surveyor/Senior Archaeologist) • BA (Anthropology) CSU Long Beach • Graduate work, CSU Long Beach • 22 years of cultural resource management experience throughout southern and central California Brenda D. Smith (Lead Archaeological Surveyor/Archaeologist) • BS (Anthropology) UC Riverside • MA (American Indian Studies) UCLA • 8 years of cultural resource management experience in southern California SPECIALISTS Thomas A. Wake, Ph.D., Director, Zooarchaeology Laboratory, UCLA Owen K. Davis, Ph.D., Professor, Department of Geosciences, University of Arizona 36 - - 051 APPENDIX 2: IDENTIFICATION AND ANALYSIS OF VERTEBRATE FAUNAL REMAINS FROM CA-RIV-6376 IN THE NORTHERN SALTON BASIN, RIVERSIDE COUNTY, CALIFORNIA by Thomas A. Wake, PhD. Director, Zooarchaeology Laboratory, UCLA INTRODUCTION A variety of vertebrate skeletal remains including fish, birds, and mammals have been recovered from surface and subsurface archaeological investigations at the site of CA-RIV-6376 located along the north bank of the Whitewater River in La Quinta in the northern Salton basin, Riverside county. This site contains various indications of occupation, including a few surface ceramic sherds, sparse ground and chipped stone artifacts, and numerous bone fragments. The site is assigned to the Late Prehistoric Period based on the presence of Desert Side -notched projectile points and brownware ceramics. RESEARCH QUESTIONS This analysis identifies the available verterbrate faunal remains and addresses the dietary patterns observed in the vertebrate bone assemblage. Interpretations focus on what these patterns suggest in terms of resource focus, vertebrate acquisition, and processing. Any changes in species frequencies or relative abundances will be discussed in terms of their relation to the desiccation of ancient Lake Cahuilla and concomitant shifts in vertebrate subsistence patterns. To identify resource focus and any shifts, data detailing which animal species are represented in this assemblage are presented and discussed. METHODS The vertebrate faunal remains in question were recovered during field investigations conducted by Archaeological Advisory Group of Pioneertown, California. These remains come from a combination of 1 mZ excavation units, mechanical trenching, and controlled surface collection. A total of 2.6 m3 of soil was excavated from the excavation units and 56 m' from the mechanical trenches. All of the sediment from the excavation units at this site was dry screened through 3 mm (1/8 in.) mesh. The soils from the mechanical trenches was screened through 6 mm (1/4 in.) mesh. Recovered artifact classes were sorted and bagged separately. The remains in question M 05 , arrived at the UCLA Zooarchaeology Laboratory in excavation bags labeled with respective Unit and Level provenience information. Analysis in this report focuses exclusively on the available vertebrate faunal remains provided from the above mentioned units. Identifications The non -fish vertebrate skeletal remains from RIV-6376 were identified and analyzed by the staff of the UCLA Zooarchaeology laboratory including Mercedes Duque, Lady Harrington, Judith Porcasi, Wendy Teeter, and Thomas Wake. All identifications were confirmed using the comparative osteological collection housed in the UCLA Institute of Archaeology Zooarchaeology Laboratory. Each bone specimen was identified to the most discrete taxonomic level possible. More detailed taxonomic assignment is limited to elements with sufficient distinguishing features allowing identification to the given level. Bones lacking discrete morphological features were sorted into broad size categories by class. Size categories are defined as follows: for mammals, large represents deer size or greater, medium represents smaller than deer but larger than jackrabbit, and small represents jackrabbit or smaller; for birds large represents goose size or greater, medium represents ducks to roadrunners, and small represents jays or smaller. The fish bone specimens were identified by Thomas Wake following Gobalet's (1992) methods. Identifications were confirmed using the fish comparative osteological collection housed in the Cotsen Institute of Archaeology at UCLA's Zooarchaeology Laboratory. The on -site collection is augmented by specimens on loan from the California Academy of Sciences, and those housed in the Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History (LACMNH). Less identifiable fish were identified simply as Osteichthyes (bony fish). For each discretely identifiable bone a series of data were recorded including catalog number, complete provenience and screen size information, skeletal element, pan of element, side, age, and modification. Data recorded regarding modification of bone specimens include evidence of burning, cut marks, gnaw marks, and indications of tool or other artifact manufacture. The bone was counted and weighed to the nearest 0.01 g using electronic scales. Archival quality paper tags with the above information are included in each individual bag of analyzed bone specimens. Complete detailed information for each site is provided in the accompanying catalog. RESULTS This site produced a small but relatively representative vertebrate faunal assemblage for the region. A total of 96 bone specimens (2.85 g) recovered from RIV-6376 have been identified and analyzed (Table 1). Fish, birds, and mammals are all represented at this site. No amphibians or reptiles are identified. The vertebrate faunal assemblage is dominated by fish, the most common of which are razorback suckers (Xyrauchen texanus). Rabbits, primarily cottontails (Genus Sylvilagus) dominate the identified mammals. Twelve various taxonomic categories are represented (including size class categories). Four vertebrate genera, and two species are identified (Table 1), including two genera and species of 38 fish, and two genera of mammals. The remaining taxonomic categories consist of bone fragments that are identifiable only to the Family or Order level, or relative size class category. Fish Fish remains have been reported from a number of sites associated with the northern shoreline of ancient Lake Cahuilla (Follett 1988; Gobalet 1992, 1994; Moffitt and Moffitt 1996; Wilke 1978). The composition of the RIV-6376 archaeological fish fauna, while somewhat limited in diversity and number, is representative of the region and comparable to other known assemblages. Fish represent the most common class vertebrate animals by count, by weight, and in teens of diversity in this sample. A total of seventy-six (79%, 2.06 g) fish bone specimens are identified (Table 1). Two species of fish are represented. Most (N=25, 0.48 g) of the bone represents two species of cypriniform fishes (Order Cypriniformes), the bonytail (Family Cyprinidae, Gila elegans, N=4, 0.15 g) and the razorback sucker (Family Catostomidae, Xyrauchen lexanus, N=18, 0.89 g). The remaining 29 fish bones are fragments identifiable only as osteichthyes (0.54 g). Vertical distributions of the fish specimens are presented in Table 3. Table 4 presents a vertical and horizontal distributions of the identified bon specimens. Preservation of the fish bones is fair. Some specimens are quite brittle, and some appear weathered. Vertebral elements dominate this fish assemblage. Few of the more fragile individual head bones are identified. While most Salton Basin archaeological ichthyofaunas are dominated solely by more durable vertebral elements (Follett 1988; Moffitt and Moffitt 1996), head bones have been found and described from a few sites, notably RIV-6059 and RIV-6060 (Brock et al. 1999; Wake 1998). Two fish bones are burned, one razorback sucker vertebra and a bony fish vertebra fragment (Table 2). No cut marks were observed on any of the fish bones. The presence of fish bones, some of which are burned, suggests that whole fish may have been transported to the site for consumption. Amphibians and Reptiles No amphibian or reptile remains are identified from this site Birds Two bird bone specimens are identified in this sample (Table 1). The bird bones are identified only to relative size classes. Remains of greater varieties of bird species, some of which are lacustrine, have been reported from other archaeological sites in the northern Salton Basin area (Hudson 1993; Hudson and Sanchez 1996; Wake 1997, 1998; Zooarchaeology Laboratory 1992). we, 0544 Table 1. Identified Vertebrate Species from CA-RIV-6376. Cypriniformes Minnow Order 25 0.48 Cyprinidae Gila elegans Chub - Bonytail 4 0.15 Catostomidae Xyrauchentexanus Sucker- Razorback 18 0.89 Cypriniformes 47 1.52 Osteichthyes Fish - Bony 29 0.54 Total Fish 76 2.06 Aves Bird - Unid 1 0.02 Aves, sm Bird - Small 1 0.03 Total Bird 2 0.05 Lagomorpha Leporidae Hare, Rabbit Family 2 0.08 Sylvilagus sp Rabbit - Unid 3 0.09 Lagomorpha 5 0.17 Rodentia Rodent - Unid 1 0.02 Sciuridae Ammospermophilus sp Ground Squirrel species 1 0.04 Rodentia 2 0.06 Mammalia, and Mammal - Medium 1 0.12 Mammalia, sm. Mammal - Small 10 0.39 11 0.51 Total Mammal 18 0.74 TOTAL TAXA 96 2.85 40 055 Unit Trench N150/E100 0 Mammals Table 2: Modified Bone from CA-RIV-6376. Level Taxon Element Xyrauchen texanus vert,cauda I Cnt Weight 1 a.os 030-040 Cypriniformes vertebrae 1 0.03 SITE TOTAL: 2 a.11 Mammals (N=18, 0.74 g) are the second most common verterate class in the vertebrate faunal assemblage from RIV-6376. However, only two mammal genera are Identified. Lagomorphs (rabbits) are represented by Sylvilagus auduboni - Audubon's cottontail, and unidentified rabbit bone. Rodents are represented by antelope ground squirrel (Ammospermophilus sp.) and unidentified fragments. No carnivores or artiodactyls are represented. Mammal remains classifiable only to relative size classes (N=11, 0.51 g) are the most numerous, with small mammals (N=10, 39 g) dominating. Unidentified medium mammal remains constitute the other less identifiable group in this mammal assemblage. The only discretely identified mammal taxa in order of relative abundance are cottontail rabbits (Genus Sylvilagus, N=3, 0.09 g), and antelope ground squirrels (Genus Ammospermophilus, N=8, 0.39 g). These taxa are commonly seen today and could have been consumed by the site occupants. None of them are burned. Rabbit remains, especially cottontails, are common constituents of archaeofaunas in the local area and many other California desert mammal archaeofaunas (Christenson 1990; Hudson 1993; Hudson and Sanchez 1996; Sutton 1991, 1993; Zooarchaeology Laboratory 1992; Wake 1997, 1998). The Cahuilla are known to have exploited rabbits (Bean 1978). The lack of jackrabbit (Lepus californicus) specimens (N=3, 0.45 g) is somewhat surprising for a desert locale such as this, since they are common in the local area and often well represented in other neighboring archaeological assemblages (Christenson 1990; Hudson 1993; Hudson and Sanchez 1996; Sutton 1991, 1993; Zooarchaeology Laboratory 1992). The ten (0.39 g) indeterminate small mammal specimens most likely represent rodents. Although common and known as burrowers, the various identifiable rodent specimens (see Table 3) could also represent dietary constituents. Bean (1978:578) mentions the consumption of "rabbits and other small game ...", probably rodents. Rodent remains are well represented in other reported faunal assemblages from the northern Coachella Valley (Hudson 1993; Hudson 41 056 and Sanchez 1996; Wake 1997, 1998; Zooarchaeology Laboratory 1992). Vertical and horizontal distributions of the mammals are illustrated in Tables 3 and 4. DISCUSSION Salton Basin Fisbes The bonytail and razorback are native to the Colorado River system Both of these species were originally most common in the rapidly flowing, turgid waters of the Iowtr Colorado River, from the Grand Canyon down. Gobalet (1992:76) believes that ancient Lake Cahuilla, fed by nutrient laden Colorado River waters, was a plankton rich environment and could have supported large numbers of filter feeding razorbacks and omnivorous bonytail and striped mullet. The striped mullet is a euryhaline species that ascends the Colorado from the Gulf of California. 'The only predatory fish species known from northern Salton basin archaeological sites, the Colorado squawfish (Ptychocheilus lucius), and the machete (Elops afnis) could both have feasted on young bonytail and razorbacks. However, no squawfish or machete are identified in any of the 322 series assemblages. Gobalet and Wake (n.d.) report the discovery of a single pupfish (Cyprinodon) vertebra from a non -archaeological late Holocene paleontological assemblage, and suggests that small fish species such as woundfish (Plagopterus argentistimus), Gila topminnow (Poeciliopsis occidentalis), and desert pupfish (Cyprinodon macularis) might eventually turn up in archaeological assemblages when the possibility of their presence is considered prior to excavation (1 mm mesh screens should be used to process representative samples). It is generally believed that the fish species found at these and other local archaeological sites were delivered to ancient Lake Cahuilla during the late Holocene, when the Colorado River periodically left its banks and flooded into the Salton Basin, filling it and dramatically changing the local environment from desert to lacustrine (Wilke 1978:194). At least four, and possibly five, individual lake filling events are believed to have occurred throughout the late Holocene (Hubbs and Miller 1948; Laylander 1995; Schaefer 1994; Sutton and Wilke 1988; Waters 1983; Wilke 1978). During its high stand, Lake Cahuilla lay at 12 m above sea level, had a depth of 95 m, and covered over 5700 km2 (Waters 1983:374). These lacustrine intervals of roughly 100 to 250 years must have had profound influences on past human subsistence and settlement patterns. Razorback sucker (Xyrauchen texanus) Razorback suckers, the most common fish species at this site, are also well represented at many other Salton Basin archaeological sites (Gobalet 1992, 1994; Gobalet and Wake n.d.). Razorbacks are one of the two most common archaeological fish species in the region. In many sites razorbacks are the dominant fish species (Follett 1988; Gobalet 1992, 1994; Moffitt and Moffitt 1996; Wilke 1978). Due to relatively small effective sample size, no one sample of razorback bones was large enough to permit analysis of size and age, like those performed on the performed on the; bonytail (Gila elegans) bone from RIV-4754 and RIV-6060 (Brock et al. 1999; Wake 1997, 1998). While proatlas vertebrae were identified, time constraints did not allow revisiting Casteel's (1976:138- 141) analysis of growth rates. One observation is apparent though. The razorback bones from 42 057 the site reported here are all of relatively uniform size; none are strikingly small and none are really large. Gobalet and Wake (n.d.) note that this pattern is common throughout virtually all known Salton Basin Archaeological fish assemblages and believe that this uniformity in size may have something to do with procurement practices (see below). Bonytail (Gila elegans) Bonytail are well represented at many other Salton Basin archaeological sites (Gobalet 1992, 1994; Gobalet and Wake n.d.; Moffitt and Moffitt 1996). Bonytail ate one of the two most common archaeological fish species in the region in general, the other being razorback sucker (Follett 1980; Gobalet 1992, 1994; Wilke 1978). Bonytail are part of it three species complex (Gila cypha, Gila elegans, Gila robusta) that have adapted to meet specific ecological conditions found in the various drainages that constitute the lower Colorado River system (Moyle 1976:173). Unfortunately, no bonytail samples were large enough to provide statistically significant samples for length estimations like those from RIV-4754 and RIV-6060 (Brock et al. 1999; Wake 1997, 1998). As with the razorback suckers, the bonytail from this site were relatively good sized. No strikingly small individuals appear. This is consistent with observatiorls reported from various other local area sites (Brock et al. 1999; Gobalet 1992, 1994; Gobalet and Wake n.d.; Wake 1997, 1998). Procurement and Processing While low in number, fish were clearly a part of the diet at RIV•6376. However, their acquisition by the site's occupants is somewhat problematic. Bean (1970:68) notes in his dissertation that "three or four hundred years ago, fish played an important part in the Cahuilla diet." Bean (1970:68) mentions that both the use of nets and bows and grows to capture fish is recorded in Cahuilla oral history. While it is certainly possible that bows and arrows were used to capture fish along the shore line of ancient Lake Cahuilla, the number of individuals represented at this site suggests some other means of mass capture. Bean (1970:68) also briefly mentions fish traps or weirs as possible methods of capture. It is possible that nets were used for capture. It is perhaps more likely, however, that nets were used in combination with stone weirs. Numerous U or V-shaped rock alignments are found along successively descending ancient Lake Cahuilla shorelines. The purpose of these alignments has been debated for many years, but most of the literature interprets or accepts them as fish traps or weirs (Gobalet and Wake n.d.; Treganza 1945; Wilke 1980). It is assumed that these alignments served as breakwaters to protect localized areas of shoreline from wave action and provide calmer water that would more attractive to spawning razorbacks. Others have proposed that the rock alignments served as supports for slight pole structures covered with branches that would provide calm water and shelter attractive to fishes, and also be difficult for large fish to escape from if surprised (Gobalet and Wake n.d.). Either scenario would allow for the capture of mature razorbacks, since it is well known that they congregate in large numbers in shallow waters over gravel beds (Moffitt and Moffitt 1996:102; similar to proposed ancient Lake Cahuilla shore environments where wave action would keep sediment from building on sand and gravel beds, e.g. Gobalet 1992:76; 43 Gobalet and Wake n.d.). Such constructions are designed to catch larger mature fishes and would be ideal for procuring fish of the size indicated by these samples. The use of large mesh nets alone or in combination with weirs or traps also explains the absence of bones from small fishes in these faunal assemblages. No specimens representing fingerling sized fish are present in the available fish remains. Bones from small fishes have been recovered from Salton Basin archaeological sites, and were clearly consumed by people since some have been extracted from human coprolites (Farrell 1988; Follet 1988; Sutton and Wilke 1988; Wilke 1978). Smaller, immature fishes and fingerlings could easily hide or swim between parts of the stone barriers and escape capture. Fingerlings could also easily escape large mesh nets designed to capture mature fish. The fact that no small fishes are represented in the RIV-4746 assemblage, along with the relatively large average skeletal lengths suggested, strongly supports the hypothesized use of some size -graded mass capture technique such as netting and/or the use of traps or weirs. Birds That only two bird specimens are identified from this site is no great surprise. Many of the sites associated with Lake Cahuilla's ancient shorelines have yielded few bird remains. However, remains of greater varieties of bird species, most of which are lacustrine (i.e. ducks and coots), have been reported from some archaeological sites in the northern Salton Basin area (Hudson 1993; Hudson and Sanchez 1996; Wake 1997; Zooarchaeology Laboratory 1992). Beezley (1995) identified one Lake Cahuilla shoreline site, the Elmore Ranch Site (CA-IMP-6427) as a coot kill site, based on the high frequency of Fulica americana specimens identified. It appears that waterfowl, specifically ducks and coots, were generally the birds of choice for many of the inhabitants of ancient Lake Cahuilla's shoreline. Mammals Rabbit remains probably have more dietary significant than rodents at this site. The Cahuilla are known to have exploited rabbits for food and other purposes such as blanket manufacture (Bean 1978). Rabbit remains, especially cottontails (Genus Sylvilagus), are common constituents of archaeofaunas in the local area and many other California desert mammal archaeofaunas. The dominance of cottontails at sites along the ancient shoreline of Lake Cahuilla is not necessarily surprising. Cottontails prefer brushy areas with a good amount of closed cover for them to hide in, as opposed to jackrabbits who prefer more open areas (Jameson and Peeters 1988). The mesquite groves and patches in and around the northern Salton Basin today are perfect habitat for cottontails, and such areas may have been more widespread in the past with the increased availability of groundwater provided ancient Lake Cahuilla. Although typically known as burrowers, the various identifiable rodent specimens could also represent dietary constituents. The large numbers of indeterminate small mammal specimens most likely represent rodents. Bean (1978:578) mentions the consumption of "rabbits and other small game ...", probably rodents. Rodent remains, including burped specimens, are well represented in faunal assemblages from the northern Coachella Valley (Hudson 1993; Hudson and Sanchez 1996; Zooarchaeology Laboratory 1992). Particular attention should be paid to m -- 059 rodent remains recovered from archaeological sites, since many groups are noted to have consumed them ethnographically. Such remains should be examined in detail for burning and cut marks, which might indicate purposeful modification and consumption. They should not be dismissed out of hand as merely intrusive. CONCLUSIONS Analysis of the vertebrate faunal assemblages from CA-RIV-6376 suggests that the vertebrate portion of the diet consisted primarily of fish and small mammals, mainly cottontail rabbits and rodents. Some of the fish, rabbit and rodent bones from the site are burned, suggesting that they were roasted or disposed of in a fire. No large wild ungulates (deer or bighorn sheep) are identified, further supporting the idea of a high degree of dependence on small game and fish. The presence of fish remains at this site suggests that it was occupied during a period when fish were available, probably at or near the most recent high stand of ancient, Lake Cahuilla, prior to any substantial lowering of lake levels and concomitant increases in salinity and alkalinity. The species composition and number of specimens is similar to that of many other sites in, the area (Follet 1988; Gobalet 1992, 1994; Moffitt and Moffitt 1996; Wilke 1978). Fishing activities at this site emphasized the capture of razorback suckers, with the occasional inclusion of bonytail. The occupation of this site may have corresponded to the spawning cycles of each of these fish species. The presence of fish and possibly waterfowl strongly indicate exploitation of lacustrine environments by the occupants of this site, similar to the sites of RIV-4754, -6059, and -6060. The domination of the mammal assemblage by rabbits, rodents, and small mammals illustrate exploitation of local terrestrial habitats as well. Based on the vertebrate faunal assemblage recovered, it is apparent that the site's occupants pursued a mixed strategy of fishing and hunting rabbits. The fish were probably captured with nets, or more likely, the use of nets in combination with the numerous weirs that lined the ancient shores of Lake Cahuilla and can still be seen in undisturbed areas. REFERENCES Bean, Lowell John 1970 Ecological Integration Among the Cahuilla Indians Of Southern California. Unpublished Ph.D. Dissertation. University of California, Los Angeles. 1978 Cahuilla. In Handbook of North American Indians, Volwne 8, California, edited by Robert F. Heizer, Pp. 575-587. Smithsonian Institision Press, Washington, D.C. Beezley, John A. 1995 A Coot Kill Site at Lake Cahuilla. Proceedings of the Society for California Archaeology 8:79-86. 45 �.. ,. 060 Brock, James, Brenda D. Smith, and Thomas A. Wake 1999 Investigations at the Burning Dune Site (CA-RIV-4754), La Quinta, California. AAG Monograph 1. Archaeological Advisory Group, Pioneertown, California. Casteel, Richard W. 1976 Fish Remains in Archaeology and Paleoenvironmental Studies. Academic Press. Christenson, Lynn E. 1990 Western Mojave Subsistence: Faunal Analysis at the Farm Drop Zone Site LAN- 1296, LAN-] 158. Proceedings of the Societyfor California ArchaeoloU 3:365- 379. Farrell, N. 1988 The Analysis of Human Coprolites from CA-RIV-1179 and CA-R1V-2827. Archives of California Prehistory 20:129-142. Follet, William I. 1988 Analysis of Fish Remains from Archaeological Sits CA-R'IV-1179, and CA-RIV- 2827, La Quinta, Riverside County, California. Archives of California Prehistory 20:143-155. Gobalet, Kenneth W. 1992 Colorado River Fishes of Lake Cahuilla, Salton Basin, Southern California: A Cautionary Tale for Zooarchaeologists. Bulletin of the Southern California Academy of Sciences 91(2):70-83. 1994 Additional Evidence for Colorado River Fishes in the Salton Basin of Southern California. Bulletin of the Southern California Academy of Sciences 93(1):38-41. Gobalet, Kenneth W., and Thomas A. Wake n.d. A Collective Summary of Fish Remains from the Ancient Shores of Lake Cahuilla, Salton Basin, California. Manuscript submitted to Southwestern Naturalist. Hubbs, Carl L. and R.R. Miller 1948 The Zoological Evidence: Correlation Between Fish Distribution and Hydrographic History in the Desert Basins of the Western United States. Bulletin of the University of Utah 30:17-166. Hudson, Jean 1993 Faunal Analysis. In Phase H Archaeological Test Excavations at Sites CA-RIV- 3788 and CA-RIV-3789 Located on Tentative Tract 240$7 in the Hemet Area of Riverside County California, edited by Dicken Evetson. U.C. 'Riverside Archaeological Research Unit Report #1200T. Report on file at the: Eastern Archaeological Information Center, Riverside, California. 46 U61 Hudson, Jean, and Julia Sanchez 1996 Faunal Remains Analysis Results. In Archaeology on the North Shoreline of Ancient Lake Cahuilla: Final Results from Survey, Testing, and Mitigation - Monitoring, edited by Bruce Love, pp. 85-99. CRM TECH Report #168. Report on file at the Eastern Archaeological Information Center, Riverside, California. Jameson, E.W., and H.J. Peeters 1988 California Mammals. California Natural History Guides: 52. University of California Press. Laylander, Don 1995 The Chronology of Lake Cahuilla's Final Stand. Proceedings of the Society for California Archaeology 8:69-78. Moffitt, Steven, and Linda Moffitt 1996 Fish Remains Analysis Results. In Archaeology on the North Shoreline of Ancient Lake Cahuilla: Final Results from Survey, Testing, and Mitigation -Monitoring, edited by Bruce Love, pp. 99-111. CRM Tech Report #168. Ms. on file, Eastern Information Center, UC Riverside. Moyle, Peter B. 1976 Inland Fishes of California. University of California Press. Schaefer, Jerry 1994 The Challenge of Archaeological Research in the Colorado Desert: Recent Approaches and Discoveries. Journal of California and Great Basin Anthropology 16(1):60-80. Sutton, Mark Q. 1991 Archaeological Investigations at Cantil, Fremont Valley, Western Mojave Desert, California. Museum of Anthroplogy, California State University, Bakersfield. Occasional Papers in Anthropology 1. 1993 Archaeological Studies in Rosamond, Western Mojave Desert, California. Museum of Anthroplogy, California State University, Bakersfield. Occasional Papers in Anthropology 3. Sutton, Mark Q., and Philip J. Wilke 1988 Archaeological Investigations at CA-RIV-1179, CA-RIV--2823, and CA-RIV--2827, La Quinta, Riverside County, California. Archives of California Prehistory 20. Coyote Press, Salinas, California. Treganza, Adan E. 1945 The "Ancient Stone Fish Traps" of the Coachella Valley, Southern California. American Antiquity 10(3):285-294. 47 062 Wake, Thomas A. 1996 Faunal Analysis. In Archaeological Mitigation Report: Site CA-RIV-5832, on Lapis Energy Property APN 649-030-014, City of La Quinta, Riverside County, California, edited by Bruce Love, pp. 13-24. CRM Tech Contract #230, Ms. on file, City of La Quinta, California. 1997 Identification and Analysis of Vertebrate Faunal Remains from CA-RIV-4754, Riverside County, California. Ms. on file, Archaeological Advisory Group, Pioneertown, California. 1998 identification and Analysis of Vertebrate Faunal Remains from CA-RIV-6059 and CA-RIV-6060, Riverside County, California. Ms. on file, Archaeological Advisory Group, Pioneertown, California. Waters, Michael R. 1983 Late Holocene Lacustrine Chronology and Archaeology of Ancient Lake Cahuilla. Quaternary Research 19:373-387. Wilke, Philip J. 1976 Late Prehistoric Human Ecology at Lake Cahuilla, Coachella Valley, California. Unpublished Ph.D. Dissertation, Department of Anthropology, University of California, Riverside. 1978 Late Prehistoric Human Ecology at Lake Cahuilla, Coachella Valley, California. Contributions of the University of California Archaeological Research Facility 38. 1980 Prehistoric Weir Fishing on Recessional Shorelines of Lake Cahuilla, Salton Basin, SoutheasternCalifornia. Proceedings of the Desert Fishes Council 11:101-102. Zooarchaeology Laboratory 1992 Appendix C: Faunal Remains. In Excavations at Archaeological Site CA-RIV- 3682, City of La Quinta, Coachella Valley, Riverside County, California, edited by Dicken Everson. U.C. Riverside Archaeological Research Unit Report #1167DR. Report on file at the Eastern Archaeological Information Center, Riverside, California. 48 063 Unit Unit Total Unit Total Table 3. Distribution of Animal Bone at CA-RTV-6376 Trench Level Taxon Common Name Ct Weight --- - --- ------- --- ------- ----------- ---------- -------------- ------- ---- -------- N 100/E 100 Xyrauchen texanus Sucker - Razorback 1 0.06 N 100/E 125 Xyrauchen texanus Sucker - Razorback 3 0.19 Nl00/E125 Cypriniformes Minnow Order 1 0.02 - » - - » »y 4 0.21 3 0.16 N125/E100 Xyrauchen texanus Sucker - Razorback N150/E100 Xyrauchen texanus Sucker - Razorback 1 0.08 1 000-010 Cypriniformes Minnow Order 2 0.03 1 000-010 Leporidae Hare, Rabbit Family 2 0.08 1 000-010 Mammalia, and Mammal - Medium 1 0.12 1 010-020 Gila elegans Chub - Bonytail 1 0.02 1 010-020 Xyrauchen texanus Sucker - Razorback 1 0.05 1 010-020 Cypriniformes Minnow Order 2 0.03 1 010-020 Sylvilagus sp Rabbit - Unid 1 0.03 1 010-020 Ammospermophilus Ground Squirrel 1 0.04 sp species 1 020-030 Mammalia, sm Mammal - Small 1 0.03 1 030-040 Gila elegans Chub - Bonytail 1 0.01 1 040-050 Osteichthyes Fish - Bony 1 0.02 1 050-060 Rodentia Rodent - Unid 1 0.02 1 060-070 Xyrauchen texanus Sucker - Razorback 1 0.03 1 060-070 Osteichthyes Fish - Bony 3 0.01 --------------- ---------- --------------------- -------- -------------- ---- 19 -------- 0.52 2 000-010 Cypriniformes 2 0.04 Minnow Order 2 000-010 Osteichthyes Fish - Bony 5 0.1 2 000-010 Mammalia, sm Mammal - Small 8 0.3 2 010-020 Gila elegans Chub - Bonytail 1 0.07 2 010-020 Xyrauchen texanus Sucker - Razorback 2 0.06 2 010-020 Cypriniformes Minnow Order 3 0.03 2 010-020 Osteichthyes Fish - Bony 5 0.1 2 010-020 Mammalia, sm Mammal - Small 1 0.06 2 020-030 Osteichthyes Fish - Bony 2 0.08 2 040-050 Xyrauchen texanus Sucker - Razorback 2 0.06 SI 064 2 040-050 Osteichthyes Fish — Bony 4 0.05 2 040-050 Aves, sm Bird — Small 1 0.03 2 050-060 Xyrauchentexanus Sucker — Razorback 1 0.07 2 050-060 Cypriniformes Minnow Order 1 0.01 2 050-060 Osteichthyes Fish — Bony 1 0.01 2 060-070 Osteichthyes Fish — Bony 4 0.09 2 060-070 Sylvilagus sp Rabbit — Unid 2 0.06 --------- Unit --- — --- ------- ---------- - - 45 1.22 Total 3 000-010 Xyrauchentexanus Sucker — Razorback 1 0.07 3 000-010 Cypriniformes Minnow Order 5 0.13 3 010-020 Gila elegans Chub — Bonytail 1 0.05 3 010-020 Xyrauchen texanus Sucker — Razorback 2 0.06 3 010-020 Cypriniformes Minnow Order 4 D.05 3 010-020 Osteichthyes Fish — Bony 1 D.03 3 010-020 Aves Bird — Unid 1 0.02 3 020-030 Cypriniformes Minnow Order 1 10.02 Unit - - -- -- - M 16 0.43 Total 4 000-010 Osteichthyes Fish — Bony 2 0.03 4 010-020 Osteichthyes Fish — Bony 1 0.02 4 020-030 Cypriniformes Minnow Order 3 0.09 4 030-040 Cypriniformes Minnow Order 1 0.03 --------- ------ ----- ---- ----------- --------- ----------- —------- •-- - - --- — Unit 7 0.17 Total SITE TOTAL: 96 2.85 50 - OGJ E m O O O O O O O C O C O O O O O O O O O O C C O O N O u� d t� - v� `O �• .- - .- d � � N r Nf `O V P N t'� P m ^ qE = o ^o n E m o 0 0 0 0 m m ^ ^ i0 E o e c m o e Y 9 C U 6 E O O ¢ m O O O E V 4 E U y E o e S� Y C N N r [J n E o 0 0 d h V E o o e m m o 0 0 a.. V s m o 0 0 0 o c o 0 0 0 o d s •' C � nl Vl Vi N d - d - N - P O V N E o 0 0 o c o = o 0 0 o a W E_ V U h � 00 0000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 � c m r � x E o 0 0 0 = 'Y m .. V V O o 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ry .nd Vi �cr-NN1h r-rvr.�-Nma c000ggocqqq�qoqqqqqq V O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O C O G O y O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O o ono 0 t C N O O z z z z d z C-0 W lD APPENDIX 3: POLLEN ANALYSIS OF CA-RIV-6376 RIVERSIDE COUNTY, CALIFORNIA by Owen K. Davis, PhD. Professor, Department of Geosciences, University of Atizona INTRODUCTION Pollen analysis of two sedimentary samples from site CA-RIV-6376, near La Quinta, Riverside County, California (33' 50' N, 116' 20' W, elev. 36 m) was undertaken at the request of James P. Brock, President, Archaeological Advisory Group, as part of an archaeological investigation. SETTING Site CA-RIV-6376 is on the bank of the Whitewater River Channel, and is associated with ancient Lake Cahuilla. It probably dates to A.D. 1000 - 1600. The environmental setting of the northern Salton Trough, where the site is located, is the Colorado Desert. The natural vegetation surrounding the Salton Sea was mapped by (Barbour & Major, 1977) as "Sonoran Creosote Bush," dominated by creosote bush (Larrea divaricata) and white bursage (Ambrosia dumosa). Desert saltbush (Atriplex polycarpa) is abundant in low places, and around the margins of the Salton Sea. PREVIOUS PALYNOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS Davis (1997, 1998) analyzed the pollen of four samples from nearby CA-RIV4758 and -6059. Those sites' pollen assemblages are dominated by saltbush (Chenopodiaceae-Amaranthus, 12 - 30%), Ambrosia (4 - 10%), and Ephedra (joint -fir, 6 - 12%.) Other archaeological-palynology studies in the area include Twenty -Nine Palms (Davis 1983)--dominated by Chenopodiaceae- Amaranthus and bursage (Ambrosia); the Prado Basin --with high percentages (40 - 80%) of sunflower family (Liguliflorae and Other Compositae) pollen; and CA-RIV-2804--also dominated by 10 - 70 % sunflower pollen (Davis 1994). Chenopodiaceat-Amaranthus values are less than 10% for the sites (Davis 1995, 1996; CA-RIV-2804) west of th6 Transverse Ranges. 52 Ci67 PROCESSING AND QUANTIFICATION Pollen was extracted from 10 cm' samples of the sandy sediment by routine acid digestion (Table 1). One Lycopodium tablet (13,911 spores per tablet) was added to each sample to permit calculation of pollen concentration. Two hundred pollen grains of upland plants were counted for all samples. The pollen sum of upland plants (including deteriorated) is used the divisor for all pollen percentages. The pollen of aquatic plants, spores of ferns and fungi, charcoal, and other microfassils are not included in the sum Pollen clumps (aggregates) are counted as four grains. The pollen concentration is calculated for the pollen sum. It is an index of preservation and the sediment accumulation rate. Low concentration combined with poor preservation may indicate the destruction of pollen, making interpretation of the pollen percentages in terms of past environment questionable. Alternately, good preservation and low concentration might result from rapid sediment accumulation. RESULTS The pollen concentration is very low (500 - 900 grains / cc) and the preservation moderately good (18 - 25 %; Table 2). Both samples' pollen assemblage is dominated by Chenopodiaceae- Amaranthus (34 - 65%), Ambrosia (5 - M/u), and Larrea, (6 - 12%). Although the samples are generally similar, the sample from Unit 3, Layer 1 has the highest percentages of Chenopodiaceae-Amaranthus pollen (65%) recovered in any sample from the area (this report, Davis, 1997, 1998). The sample from Unit 3, Layer 1 contains the pollen of cattail (Typha- Sparganium, 2%) and pondweed (Potamogeton 1 %) and a body of Botryococcus is also present. INTERPRETATION The pollen percentages of the CA-RIV-6376 samples are similar to those of nearby CA-RIV- 4754 and CA-RIV-6059 (Davis 1997, 1998), despite the very high percentages of Chenopodiaceae-Amaranthus pollen in the sample from Unit 3, Layer 1. This level of variability is within the range of variability to be expected for desert vegetation neat river channels. The very low pollen concentration and moderately good preservation may indicate very rapid burial of the sediment samples. If so, the high Chenopodiaceae-Amaranthus percentages in Unit 3, Layer 1 may indicate a seasonal (late summer) pollen assemblage. The Botryococcus algae is a strong indication for permanent, relatively deep, water. If riot a lake, then a year-round flowing stream. 53 063 REFERENCES Barbour, M.G. and J. Major (eds.) 1977 Terrestrial Vegetation of California. John Wiley and Sons, New York. Davis, O.K. 1983 Pollen Analysis of Archeological Site JOTR 83A, Twenty -Nine Palms, California. Western Archeological Center, Tucson, Arizona. 1994 Pollen Analysis of Prado, CA-RIV-2804, Riverside Co., California Archeological Samples. Ms. on file, Statistical Research, Redlands, California. 1995 Pollen Analysis of the Prado Flood Control Basin, CA-R V-653, -1098. Ms. on file, Statistical Research, Redlands, California. 1996 Pollen Analysis of a Core from the Prado Flood Control Basin. Ms. on file, Statistical Research, Redlands, California. 1997 Pollen Analysis of CA-RIV-4754 and a Nearby Site, Eastern Riverside County, California. Ms. on file, Archaeological Advisory Group, Pioneertown, California. 1998 Pollen Analysis of CA-RIV-6059 Riverside County, California. Ms. on file, Archaeological Advisory Group, Pioneertown, California. 54 069 TABLE 1. Pollen extraction procedure. a. add 10 cm3 sample to ca. 50 ml water with detergent, agitate 10 min. c. swirl solution and screen (180 micron mesh, stainless steel) into second beaker b. transfer to 50 ml test tubes, rinse, add 10 ml 10% HCl b. add I Lycopodium tablets (batch At 710961, 13,911 grains/tablet) d. transfer screened solution to 50 ml nalgene test tubes repeat "d", centrifuging, until complete e. add 10 ml conc. HCI, mix, add 30 ml H2O, mix centrifuge, decant, water rinse f. add 40 ml HF overnight or 1 hr in boiling water bath centrifuge, decant, water rinse, transfer to 15 ml glass tubes g. Acetolysis* centrifuge, decant, water rinse h. add 10 ml 10% KOH 2 min. boiling water bath centrifuge, decant, water rinse with hot water until clear I. stain with safranin "O" j. transfer to labeled 1 dram shell vials k. add a few drops of glycerin *ACETOLYSIS a. 5 ml glacial acetic acid centrifuge and decant b. stir sample, add 5 ml acetic anhydride (volumetric dispenser) c. add 0.55 ml H2SO4 to acetic anhydride solution (volumetric pipet), mix, centrifuge, decant into glacial acetic acid d. 5 ml glacial acetic acid centrifuge and decant 55 070 Table 2. Pollen counts and percentages for CA RIV 6376. Counts Percentages UNIT 2 3 2 3 LAYER 3 1 3 1 SUM 202 206 202 206 TRACERS 313 580 313 580 CONC (gr/cc) 898 494 898 494 DETERIORATED 37 51 18.3 24.8 Pinus 4 19 2.0 9.2 Quercus 0 4 0.0 1.9 Cupressaceae 0 2 0.0 1.0 Larrea 5 9 2.5 4.4 Ephedra 0 4 0.0 1.9 Eriogonum 1 2 0.5 1.0 Ambrosia 9 12 4.5 5.8 Other Compositae 13 26 6.4 12.6 Chenopodiaceae-Amax. 131 70 34.0 64.9 Gramineae 0 1 0.0 0.5 Abronia 1 4 0.5 1.9 Onagraceae 1 2 0.5 1.0 Potamogeton 0 2 0.0 1.0 Typha-Sparganium 0 5 0.0 2.4 Botryococcus 0 1 0.0 0.5 Fern 0 2 0.0 1.0 Fungal Spores 61 65 30.2 31.6 Arthropod Feces 4 5 2.0 2.4 Charcoal 53 65 26.2 31.6 56 071 APPENDIX 4: RESULTS OF RADIOCARBON DATING 57 072 CALIBRATION OF RADIOCARBON AGE TO CALENDAR YEARS (Variables: est. CB/C12-25:lab. mult=l) Laboratory number: Conventional radiocarbon age': 2 Sigma calibrated result: (95% probability) C13IC12 ratio estimated Intercept of radiocarbon age with calibration curve: 1 Sigma calibrated result: (68% probability) 1970±60 BP 2200 2150 2100 2050 m 2000 m u 1900 m 1850 1800 1750 1700 Beta-134104 1970*60 BP Cal BC 100 to Cal AD 140 (Cal BP 2050 to 1810) Intercept data Cal AD 45 (Cal BP 1905) Cal BC 40 to Cal AD 85 (Cal BP 1990 to 1865) Cal BC/AD References: Database used INTCAL98 Calibration Database Editorial Comment Stuiver, Al., van der Plicht. H., 1998, Radiocarbon 40(3), pxii-xiii INTCAL98 Radiocarbon Age Calibration Stuiver, M., el. al., 1998, Radiocarbon 40(3), p1041-1083 Mathematics A Simplified Approach to Calibrating CM Dates Tabna, A. S., Voget, J C., 1993, Radiocarbon 35(2), p317-322 Charred material Beta Analytic Radiocarbon Dating Laboratory 4985 S. IV.. 741h Court, Miami. Florida 33155 • Tel: (305)667-5167 • Fax: (305)663-0964 • t-mail.bela(a'jadiocarbon.com 073 APPENDIX 5: ARTIFACT/ECOFACT CATALOG FOR CA-RIV-6376 59 074 e@o ____-_______n_-_._o___ n_.,_.-.----_-rv___-----_-_ry a ¢ o t9 - Fy Fy aj Ua � U O c w c aQ _� Vm 8 Q ...¢ ¢ a¢ ¢¢¢¢¢¢ ¢ a ~� m00mm00000000060mdOOm..0..............O0mmOm00p�OmO�mm00Em000000m00 S..........SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS SSSdSSSSSSSSSSSbEbb mmmmm`ammm m°mmm°m°mmm°m°mm°m°mm m'm`mm'm`m`mmm°mm°m°m`m°m°mS m°m°mS m°m°m`m°mmm`m` m`$m8 m'm`m°m°m8 m°mSm°m°$¢mm d ddSddd59d86888888888888858888d8d88d888d8888888$889d 8888888888dd8888888 S ..... ... ...................... ................. 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E E E E£££££. �U ....................... ........ - nrrne -ui eo 3 n nr----r-n--.n_n nnn I e I „ -------r nnn - a €€gg 3 8 o - o--- n n a <z ya » F O- bbaa bbbb w `c ae V PLPP L�8LP8dL8d8L8PdPP8L8Pc rcm $ <<e<a<e<e<ee<8e8 HIM e$eg€iPt£ < LL iLL — — 000000 0 00 0000 :6b6bbbb6h E£ 8 60 O6�e I;EEL;; 6s ME flif=ftfa EE Ez CGC g.-LL..LLLLeeLL }'LL Z...SELLmmin n%no �ggi6moFFF F......9"............. :LL:EmmmLLLL ener`nuLL...........F .. uJ3�ood o`o`u`f EEE ge00000`0000g8o`o,gq'e eee'e qo qeo eeeeee............666. eeeoaoevoavaoseao's00000e nos eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeessseeeeeeeeeeeeeee eee rrr.n ranee-nr.nen..e_rr.- -oas - - - '=sosoeo=--nr ��34Y8�833338338344343333» «�� '�438 n `�o�000uoo o �oeeeee��ve��o�v000�.eo�e�o .ee.eereeeeeeemeee..ee.eoe.a.e.eee.ee.oeeeeeeeee.eeePeoCS.e de;arc¢cz ¢mm'c ¢ammmmemaa as gg ¢¢ ¢ a erca-¢ qa@a ¢deRaerc&rca e u uau uuoou� ou��oouuouuuuu�u u�......................... ....... r BI #C; DATE: ITEM: LOCATION: APPLICANT: CONSULTANT BACKGROUND: HISTORIC PRESERVATION COMMISSION STAFF REPORT FEBRUARY 17, 2000 PHASE I CULTURAL RESOURCE ASSESSMENT FOR TENTATIVE TRACT 29563 NORTHWEST OF THE INTERSECTION OF DUNE PALMS ROAD WESTWARD HO DRIVE CENTURY-CROWELL COMMUNITIES ARCHAEOLOGICAL ADVISORY GROUP (JAMES BROCK) The nine acre property is presently used as a golf school and contains a residence and building used as a part of the school. The property is covered primarily with grass, and contains a number of fruit and palm trees. An application for subdivision of the property into single family lots has been received and is being processed. This assessment is needed to complete the environmental assessment on the property. The report prepared represents a Phase I (survey level) cultural resources assessment of the property, and includes a records and archival search and field reconnaissance of the property. DISCUSSION: The records search indicated that the study area has not been previously surveyed for cultural resources. The search indicated that 21 prehistoric sites fall within one-half mile of the study area. Therefore, it is in an area of high archaeological sensitivity with high site density to the west where sites are associated with the Whitewater River Channel and to the south and east where sites are associated with dune fields pertaining to the ancient Lake Cahuilla. The archival search indicated the study area was part of a 160 acre homestead grant patented in 1926 to the Howard Ames family. It appears the study area was used for farming activities by Mr. Ames, with his residence to the north on the site of Tract 27519. The search indicated the study area is moderately sensitive for historic resources. 0 13 C:\hpc rpt tt 29663.wpd The field work consisted of a systematic walk over of the entire property. Due to the large amount of grass, conditions were poor. However, no prehistoric or historic sites, features, or isolates were observed on the property. No specimens were collected during the survey. RECOMMENDATION: Adopt Minute Motion 2000-_, accepting the report titled, "Cultural Resources Assessment for Tentative Tract 29563. La Quinta. California (Aliso 2 Project)", as prepared by Archaeological Advisory Group. Attachment: 1. Report on "Cultural Resources Assessment for Tentative Tract 29563, La Quinta. California (Aliso 2 Project)" (Commissioners only) Prepared by: Stan B. Sawa, Principal Planner Submitted by: C Christine di lorio, PI nning Manager 079 C:\hpc rpt tt 29563.wpd Cultural Resources Assessment for Tentative Tract 29563, La Quinta, California (Aliso 2 Project) Prepared for: Century Crowell Communities/ Century Homes Communities 1535 South "D" Street, Suite 200 San Bernardino, CA 92408 Submitted to: City of La Quinta 78-495 Calle Tampico La Quinta, CA 92253 Prepared by: James Brock December 1999 USGS Topographic Quadrangle: La Quinta, California Acreage: Approx. 9 Key Words: La Quinta, Negative Archaeological Survey, Homesteading, Ames Ranch AAG Job No: 990508 P.O. BOX 491, PIONEERTOWN, CA 92268-0491 Tel: (760) 228-1142 o Fax: (760) 369-4002 E-mail: archadvgrp(q�aol.com 080 MANAGEMENT SUMMARY This report presents the results of a prehistoric/historical resources assessment for development of Tentative Tract 29563. The subject property comprises an approximately 9-acre parcel located on the north side of Westward Ho Drive, west of Dune Palms Road, in the City of La Quinta, Riverside County, California. A residential subdivision is proposed for the property. An archaeological records search indicated that the study area had not been previously surveyed for cultural resources, however, it did indicate that 21 prehistoric sites had been recorded within one-half mile of the study area. A systematic archaeological field reconnaissance was conducted for this project. No new archaeological or historical sites, features, or isolates were discovered. Archival research indicated that the study area had been part of a 1926 homestead grant patent to Howard Ames. In the 1930s the Ames family was living in a wood frame house on the property immediately north of the study area (Tract 27519) and farming dates and citrus crops. The subject property is presently used as a golf driving range. The records search and archival research indicate that the study area is in a region of high sensitivity for prehistoric resources and moderate sensitivity for historical archaeological resources. Archaeological monitoring of rough grading and major trenching is recommended due to the potential of the area to contain buried prehistoric or historical archaeological resources. INTRODUCTION This reports presents a Phase I (survey -level) cultural resources assessment for a proposed 9- acre residential development comprising Tentative Tract 29563. The proposed development site is a rectangular -shaped parcel located just west of the northwest corner of the intersection of Dune Palms Road and Westward Ho Drive in the City of La Quinta, County of Riverside, California (Figures I through 4). The study comprised a records search and field reconnaissance of the property, along with limited archival research. It was conducted by Archaeological Advisory Group for Century Crowell Communities/Century Homes Communities. The study was undertaken in order to comply with the cultural resource requirements of the City of La Quinta. These are intended to fulfill those aspects of the California Environmental Quality Act of 1970 (as amended) which pertain to the management of cultural resources that may be impacted by development projects sponsored by state or local government agencies, or by private developments requiring a discretionary permit or license. This report was prepared in accordance with the recommended contents and format described in the State's Preservation Planning Bulletin Number 4(a) (California Department of Parks and Recreation 1989). Figure 1. General location of the study area plotted on a portion of the USGS 1:250,000 Western United States Series Santa Ana, California map (1959, revised 1979). 2 084, Figure 2. Location of the study area plotted on a portion of the USGS 7.5' La Quinta, California topographic quadrangle (1959, photorevised 1980). 3 C1 C J Figure 3. Wide-angle view of the study area from the northeast comer looking west-southwest. La Quints High School is in the background. Figure 4. Wide-angle view of the study area from the southwest comer looking east-northeast. V The principal investigator (and sole researcher) for this study was James Brock. His qualifications are given in Appendix 1. Field notes and other material pertaining to this study are on file with Archaeological Advisory Group (AAG Job No. 990508). No artifacis were observed or collected during the study. SETTING Location and Environmental Setting The study area is located in the City of La Quinta, in the Coachella Valley area of Riverside County, California (Figures I and 2). The 9-acre rectangular -shaped property is bordered on the east by a house and commercial structure that front on Dune Palms Road, on the north by an unfenced boundary, on the south by Westward Ho Drive, and on the west by a fenced residential property. The study area falls within the southeast quarter of the southwest quarter of Section 20 of Township 5 South, Range 7 East, SBBM. "i his area is located on the USGS 7.5' La Quinta, California topographic quadrangle (Figure 2). The study area is located in a vicinity that oitcc comprised low, semi -stable aeolian sand dunes typical of the floor of the central Coachella Valiey. Much of the surrounding area has now been developed. Soil comprises a fine gray -brown aeolian sand that ranges from loose to well compacted. The property is presently utilized as a golf driving range and is largely covered with grass (Figures 3 and 4). The elevation of the study area is approximately 60 feet amsl. The nearest natural source of water is the Whitewater River one -quarter mile.to the southwest. The study area would have been about 20 feet higher than the northwestern shoreline of the ancient Lake Cahuilla (now the Salton Sea) during its last stand. The final stand of Lake Cahuilla is estimated to have been at about 42 feet (12.8 meters) ams1. This probably occurred during the AD 1600s (Brock, Smith, and Wake 1999). As noted above, the study area is mostly covered with grass. Some domesticated fruit and palm trees are also present. Nearby native vegetation is dominated by Palo verde (Cercidium microphyllum) and sweetbush (Bebbia juncea) with intermittent indigo bush (Dalea emoryi), encelia (Encelia farinosa), and creosote.(Larrea tridentata). Animal species typically encountered in the area include pocket mouse, scorpions, Western Shovel -nosed Snake, Sidewinder, Western Whiptail, Side -blotched Lizard, Loggerhead Shrike, Mourning Dove, Say's Phoebe, Gambel's Quail, Common Raven, Anna's Hummingbird, Red-tailed Hawk, and American Kestrel. 5 . OB;J The study area falls within the Low Desert climatic zone. This is the driest, warmest, and sunniest of the state's climates --it generally averages less than 5 inches of precipitation annually and has a mean maximum temperature in July that exceeds 100' (Bailey 1966:42). Cultural Setting Culture History While the ethnography of the region of the study area is fairly well understood, the prehistory of the area is poorly understood. The sequence of prehistoric habitation presented here is based primarily on the concordance of sequences presented by Warren (1984:409-430). This chronology is intended to apply to the desert region of southern California in general. Earle Hunting Period This period sometimes referred to as the "Lake Mojave Period," represents the earliest phase of human occupation in southern California. It began by at least 10,000 BC and lasted until around 5000 BC. This period is characterized by the hunting of larger game animals using spears and articulated spear -throwing devices termed "atlatls." Millingstones typically are not present. artifacts generally consist of items such as fluted points, crescents, specialized scrapers. leaf -shaped knives, drills, and choppers/hammerstones. These old sites tend to occur along Pleistocene lake shorelines in the Mojave Desert, rather than in the Coachella Valley. The Pinto Period dates from around 5000 to 2000 BC. This period corresponds roughly to the Miliingstone Horizon in the coastal area of the state and has many characteristics in common with it. Although desert and coastal peoples shared cultural traits during this period, desert peoples probably did not have the same dependence on milling stones as coastal peoples. Seed grinding does not appear to be an important economic activity as yet to the desert peoples of this period, but the presence of flat slab and occasionally shallow -basin metates along with manor. indicates the growing importance that plant seed resources were beginning to have. Presumably these peoples were still maintaining a large and small game hunting and vegetal gathering economy during this period. Pinto points, as defined by Campbell and Campbell (1935). are the distinctive lithics of this period. These are usually found in association with heavy -keeled scrapers and milling stones. Gypsum Period The G}psum Period is believed to date from around 2000 BC to about AD 500. This very roughly corresponds with the Intermediate Period in the coastal areas of southern California. Again- the primary artifacts indicating this period are projectile points (Humbolt series, Gypsum Cave. And Elko series). Manos and metates become more common and the mortar and pestle come into use --indicating a developing reliance upon fleshier seed foods such as 6 086 mesquite pods and acorns. The presence of Haliotis and Olivella shell beads on sites of this period provide the earliest evidence for contacts between the desert peoples and the coastal inhabitants (Warren 1984:419). Saratoga Springs Period The Saratoga Springs Period lasts from about AD 500 to 1200 and is characterized by strong regional developments. The southern desert region, in which the Coachella Valley lies, deviates from the rest of the desert region due to heavy cultural influence by the Hakataya, a lower Colorado River group. The Hakataya influence brings results in diffusion of buffware and brownware pottery types, made using the paddle and anvil technique, from the Colorado River area to the Coachella Valley by about AD 900. The bow and arrow is introduced in this period as evidenced by the smaller Rose Spring and Eastgate styles of projectile points. Millingstones, including manos, metates, pestles, and mortars are present in this time period. The Pinto, Gypsum, and Saratoga Springs periods are sometimes collectively referred to as the Archaic Period. Late Precontact/Ethnographic Period The bow and arrow replaces the atlatl during the Late Precontact (Late Horizon) occupation of the region as exemplified by the appearance. of new projectile point types called Cottonwood Triangular and Desert Side -notched. The Hakataya influence, represented by brownwares and buffwares, continues. The Desert Cahuilla are the people that are historically identified with the region of the study area It is likely that this group has been in the region for at least the last 1000 years. The Cahuilla remained largely undisturbed by Hispanic and American intrusion up until the establishment of the Southern Pacific Railroad through the region in the later half of the 19th century. The railroad stimulated a desire by Americans for Cahuilla lands. In response to this, President Ulysses S. Grant began allotting Cahuilla lands in 1875 to give to American settlers and removed the Cahuilla to government reservations. Ten reservations were created that affected the Cahuilla; of these four are in the Coachella Valley. This late contact resulted in our gaining a greater understanding of this society than most native cultures of California. Detailed accounts of Cahuilla lifeways can be found, for in- stance, in Bean (1972, 1978), Strong (1929), Hooper (1920), and Kroeber (1908). Two excellent ethnobotanical studies also exist for the Cahuilla (Barrows 1900, Bean and Saubel 1972). An archaeological study of prehistoric Cahuilla adaptation to the desiccation of ancient Lake Cahuilla (the remains of which are now the Salton Sea) has also been done (Wilke 1978). 7 087 Previous Archaeological Research/Archival Research An archaeological records search for the subject property was conducted by James Brock at the Eastern Information Center of the California Historical Resoutces Information System (CHRIS) at UC Riverside on November 17, 1999. The records search indicated that the study area had not been previously surveyed for cultural resources. No cultural resources had been identified on the study area. Approximately 60 percent of the property within a one -mile radius of the subject property has been previously surveyed for cultural resources. Adjacent surveys consisted of a negative study of the high school property immediately to the south (Salpas 1984) and a recent study of the property immediately to the north which was negative but indicated the former presence of a historic homestead on the property (Brock and Smith 1998). The records search further indicated that the study area is in a vicinity of high archaeological sensitivity with high site density to the west where sites are associated with the Whitewater River Channel and also high site density to the south and east where sites are associated with dune fields pertaining to the ancient Lake Cahuilla. Twenty one prehistoric sites fall within one-half mile of the study area. These previously recorded sites are described as follows: CA-RIV-2200: Prehistoric habitation site with ceramic sherds, a possible hammerstone, one mano, burnt small mammal bone, and three pieces of amethyst glass. ' CA-RIV-2936: Prehistoric ceramics scatter with fire -affected rock, lithic debitage, and faunal remains. CA-RIV-3680: Prehistoric ceramic sherd scatter with clay fragments and fire - affected rock. CA-RIV-3681: Prehistoric ceramic scatter with fire affected rock. CA-RIV-3682: Prehistoric habitation site with ceramics, fired clay fragments, burned bone, lithic debitage, and fire -affected rock. CA-RIV-3683: Prehistoric habitation site with ceramics, chipped stone, a Desert Side -Notched projectile point, debitage, ground stone, and bone. CA-RIV-3866: Prehistoric habitation site that consisted of five loci with ceramics, charcoal deposits, fired clay, fire -affected rock, ground stone, and bone. CA-RIV-5840: Prehistoric use area with ceramic sherds, a pestle fragment, lithic debitage, and fired clay fragments. CA-RIV-5841: Prehistoric use area comprised of three ceramic sherds, fired clay fragments, and fire -affected rock. s 088 CA-RIV-5842: Prehistoric use area that contained a hearth, ceramics, and a mano. CA-RIV-5843: Prehistoric ceramic sherd scatter. CA-RIV-5844: Prehistoric ceramic sherd scatter. CA-RIV-5876: Prehistoric ceramics scatter with sparse lithics and bone. CA-RIV-6075: Prehistoric ceramics scatter with burned clay and lithics. CA-RIV-6190: Late prehistoric use area with possible earlier component. CA-RIV-6219: Prehistoric use area with ceramics, burned clay, mano, scraper, charcoal, thermally affected rock. CA-RIV-6223: Prehistoric use area with a ceramics scatter, burned clay, bone, thermally affected rock, and shell. CA-RIV-6231: Prehistoric use area with a ceramics scatter, burned clay, thermally affected rock, and shell. Temp. No. WHP-1: Prehistoric use area with early 2& century component. Contains ceramics, lithics, burned clay, charcoal, glass, metals. Temp. No. WHP-2: Prehistoric ceramics scatter with bone, charcoal, and baked clay. Temp. No. WHP-3: Prehistoric ceramics scatter with. baked clay, bone, and sparse historical material. Temp. No. WHP-4: Prehistoric ceramics scatter with charcoal. The last four sites listed are recently -discovered sites at Westward Ho Park that are in the process of having trinomials assigned. Based on the presence of ceramics, and with the possible exception of an earlier component at CA-RIV-6190, all of the prehistoric sites within the one - mile radius appear to be relatively recent in date (post AD 500). In addition to the records search, archival research was conducted on November 17, 1999 at the Science Library Map Room at UC Riverside and at the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) Office in Riverside. Earlier archival research had been conducted for the adjacent Tract 27519 in August of 1998 (see Brock and Smith 1998). Tract 27519 is immediately north of the present study area. Archival research in 1998 included in -person research at the Riverside County Assessor's Office in Riverside and contacts with the BLM State Office in Sacramento, the La Quinta Historical Society, and the Coachella Valley Historical Museum Informants Barbara Irwin (La Quinta Historical Society), Dorothy Schmid (Coachella Valley Historical Museum), and Jack Burkett provided very helpful information. Historic maps examined included US General Land Office plat maps from 1856 and 1914, the 1904 USGS 30' Indio map, and the US Army Corps of Engineers' 1941 Toro Peak 1:62,500 map. The General Land Office plat maps show no cultural activity in the study area last century. The 1856 map shows a road running east -west one-half of a mile below the study area. 9 089 The 1904 Indio map also shows no cultural activity in the vicinity of the study area. The 1941 Toro Peak map (Figure 5) shows a structure present just north of the study area at that time. The BLM research indicated that the study area was part of a 160-acre homestead grant comprising the southwest quarter of Section 20 which was patented on December 29, 1926 to a Howard B. Ames. According to Jack Burkett, in the 1930s the Howard Ames family was living in a wood -frame building just north of the study area (on Tract 27519) that had modem conveniences (electricity, indoor plumbing). Mr. Burkett recalled them having farmed dates and citrus crops. The Ames house is probably the structure shown on the 1941 map (Figure 5). The present 9-acre study area was probably farmed as part of the Ames ranching activities. As a further step in the research, the following "heritage property" registers were checked for this tract: The National Register of Historic Places (American Association for State and Local History 1991), California Historical Landmarks (California Department of Parks and Recreation 1990), and California Inventory of Historic Places (California Department of Parks and Recreation 1976). Additional registers were checked during the records search at U.C. Riverside. No historical resources listed in these publications were found to be specific to the study area enNirons. The records search and background research indicated that the study area is in a location that is highly sensitive for prehistoric resources and moderately sensitive for historical resources. RESEARCH DESIGI\ Due to the limited scope of this study and the fact that no specimens were collected, a formal research design was not prepared. hIETHODS/FIELDWORK DETAH,S The fieldwork for this study w-as conducted on December 3, 1999 by James Brock. Because the propem- is largely covered with grass it was impossible to conduct a comprehensive survey. A total of one hour was spent on the survey of the property. The entire property was walked over in systematic north -south transects beginning at the western end and ending at the eastern end. Transects ranged from 5 meters to 25 meters apart, depending on sporadic exposures of dirt in the lawn caused by wear and/or rodent activity. As noted, ground surface visibility was poor (<5%). Also. the survey had to be conducted prior to 7:30 am so the lighting conditions were less than ideal. No prehistoric or historical sites, features, or isolates were observed on the property. No specimens were collected during the survey. 10 090 Figure 5. A portion of the US Army Corps of Engineers 1941 15' Toro Peak quadrangle (1:62,500). The arrow indicates the location of the Ames homestead which was just north of the present study area Their access road crosses the project area. 091 In accordance with State Historic Preservation Office guidelines, all cultural materials, structures, features, and objects over 45 years in age were considered for potential cultural resource value. FINDINGS No cultural resources were observed on the study area during the ground surface survey. No evidence of the former Ames homestead was observed. DISCUSSIONIINTERPRETATION While no cultural resources were observed during the walkover field reconnaissance of the property, the possibility of finding buried prehistoric or historical resources can not be ruled out. Prehistoric sites buried by aeolian sand accumulation are known to exist in the La Quinta area Such deposits may also have been buried during the grading for the construction of the present golf driving range. There may also be buried deposits associated with the 1926 homestead of the property (e.g. refuse deposits, privies, structural features). Such historical deposits, if found- may be significant given the paucity of intact early 20`h century historical archaeological findings in La Quinta. M ANAGEMENT CONSIDERATIONS Site Evaluation Under CEQA an archaeological resource is significant if it meets one of the following criteria: (a) it is associated with an event or person of recognized significance in California or American histoq_ or recognized scientific importance in prehistory; (b) it can provide information which is both of demonstrable public interest and useful in addressing scientifically consequential and reasonable archaeological research questions; (c) it has a special or particular quality such as oldest. best example. largest, or last surviving example of its kind; it is at least 100 years old and possesses substantial stratigraphic integrity; or (e) it involves important research questions that historical research has shown can be answered only with archaeological methods. Additional criteria of significance is found in eligibility for the California Register of Historical Resources (CRHP). which is based upon the criteria used for Federal undertakings whereby resources are evaluated for their eligibility for inclusion in the National Register of Historic Places: A. Association with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of histon-. B. Association Nvith the Lives of persons significant in our past. 12 092 C. Embody the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction, or that represent the work of a master, or that possess high artistic values, or that represent a significant distinguishable entity whose components may lack individual distinction. D. Have yielded or may be likely to yield information important in history or prehistory. No potentially significant cultural/historical resources have been identified on the study area as a result of this study. Potential Effects The planned development of the study area will have no effect on known cultural resources. There is a potential for as yet unidentified, buried resources to be present. RECOMMENDATIONS Archaeological monitoring of rough grading and large-scale trenching is recommended for the project due to the potential of the area to contain buried prehistoric and/or historical material. The monitor should meet the personnel qualification requirements of the City of La Quinta and should be empowered to temporarily halt or redirect earthmoving activities should any cultural resources be encountered. Upon discovery of a cultural resource work should stop in the vicinity of the find and a plan of action for its evaluation and treatment should be developed in consultation with the Community Development Department of the City of La Quinta. REFERENCES CITED American Association for State and Local History 1991 National Register of Historic Places. American Association for State and Local History, Nashville. Bailey. Harry P. 1966 Weather of Southern California. California Naturtl History Guides 17. University of California Press. Berkeley. Barrows_ Da%id P. 1900 Ethno-botany of the Coahuilla Indians. University of Chicago Press, Chicago. Bean Lowell John 1972 Mukat's People: The Cahuilla Indians of Southern California. University of California Press, Berkeley. 13 093 1978 Cahuilla, In California, edited by Robert F. Heiler, pp. 575-587. Handbook of North American Indians, Vol. 8, William G. Sturtevant, general editor. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. Bean, Lowell John, and Katherine Siva Saubel 1972 Temalpakh: Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants. Malki Museum, Banning. Brock. James. and Brenda D. Smith 1998 Cultural Resources Assessment for Tentative Tract 27519, La Quinta, California. Ms. on file, Eastern Information Center, California Historical Resources Information System UC Riverside. Brock. James, Brenda D. Smith. and Thomas A. Wake 1999 Investigations at the Burning Dune Site (CA-RIV-4754), La Quinta, California. AAG Monograph I. Archaeological Advisory Group, Pianeertown, California. California Department of Parks and Recreation 1976 California Inventory of Historic Places. California Office of Historic Preservation, California Department of Parks and Recreation, Sacramento. 1989 Archaeological Resource Management Reports (ARMR): Recommended Contents and Format. California Office of Historic Preservation, California Department of Parks and Recreation, Sacramento. 1990 California Historical Landmarks. California Department of Parks and Recreation. Sacramento. Campbell- E.R`.C., and W.H. Campbell 193�; The Pinto Basin Site: An Ancient Aboriginal Camping Ground in the California Desert. Southwest Museum Papers 9:1-51. Hopper. Lucille 1920 The Cahuilla Indians. University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 16:316-379. Berkeley. Kroeber.:-J. 1908 Ethnography of the Cahuilla Indians. University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 8:29-68. Berkeley. Salpas_ Jean A. 1984 An Archaeological Assessment of Tract 19987. Ms. on file, Eastern Information Center. California Historical Resources Information System, UC Riverside. 14 �;91 Strong, William Duncan 1929 Aboriginal Society in Southern California. University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 26:1-349. Berkeley. Warren, Claude N. 1984 The Desert Region. In California Archaeology, by Michael J. Moratto, pp. 339- 430. Academic Press, New York. Waters, Michael R. 1983 Late Holocene Lacustrine Chronology and Archaeology of Ancient Lake Cahuilla, California. Quaternary Research 19:373-387. Wilke, Philip J. 1978 Late Prehistoric Human Ecology at Lake Cahuilla, Coachella Valley, California. Contributions of the University of California Archaeological Research Facility 38, Berkeley. APPENDIX 1: PERSONNEL QUALIFICATIONS James Brock, Principal Investigator -BA degree in Anthropology, UC Santa Barbara -MA degree in Archaeology, University of Durham (UK) -RPA (on Register of Professional Archaeologists, formerlythe Society of Professional Archaeologists) -19 years of experience as a principal investigator on cultural resource management projects in southern and central California 09� 15 CORRESPONDENCE WRITTEN MA TERLAL 096 r`nnst rn Inrio--CuratohSvmoosum age 1 From: Cindy Stankowski <cski@cts.com> To: <cski@cts.com> Date: Wed, Dec 1, 1999 4:13 PM Subject: Curation Symposium Dear SCA Member - I find myself with an embarrassment of riches regarding material for the SCA symposium on curation. I would like to know from you which of the following topics would be of interest and if you have related material or experiences that you would like to present. The curation symposium will be on Thursday morning and we have the opportunity to have a lunch-time workshop or panel discussion. What are your ideas? Curation is a hot topic in the nation as we come to terms with the millions of artifacts recovered from archaeological sites. California, in particular, with so much development driven excavation, is faced with the enormous task of returning a valuable cultural resource (excavated artifacts) back into a cultural resource which can be used for continuing scientific investigation, cultural use and public education. At the San Diego Archaeological Center, we define curation as the care, management and use of collections. Which of the following curation subtopics would be important to you; OR, would you like to make a presentation on a particular topic? CARE Conservation -Is professional curation always required? Pest Control -What bugs you? Anoxic microenvironments-A new technology for sensitive objects Preventative conservation -Preventing deterioration Archival curation materials, e.g., boxes, paper, labels, etc. Facility planning -Size, features, NIPS standards, etc. Storage environments -Humidity, temperature, light, etc. Archival packaging --Getting your collection ready for curation Disaster planning -A disaster is an emergency out of control MANAGEMENT Database development -KISS or complicated? Bar codes -Checking it out. Inventory systems -Counting, checking, reporting. Understanding 36 CFR Part 79-What does this reg mean? NAGPRA-Inventory, Summary and repatriation. Writing a collections management policy. Preserving confidentiality USE Cultural use of collections -Native American considerations Working with culturally -affiliated groups Getting archaeologists to use curated collections Public education programs Exhibits Getting press coverage volunteer programs Internship programs Publications GENERAL 097 What is curation? Picking a repository How much does curation cost? Cindy Stankowski, Director San Diego Archaeological Center 334 Eleventh Avenue San Diego, CA 92101 Phone 619.239.1868 Fax 619.239.1869 Email cski@cts.com Preserving pieces of the past ... •; DEC.23.1999 3:56PM NO.548 P.1/1 OFFICE OF HISTORIC PRESERVATION DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION P.O. 130x 942096 SAWMENTO, CA N200&0001 (016) 666.902 Far (910 653-962A jaaunQohp.pxrk9.6a.gav TO: CLG Coordinators From: ,)enan Saunders Fa m Pages; 1 Phone; Ditto; 12/23199 Roo National Trust conference in 2000 40 I am putting together a proposal for an educational session at the National Trust conference, which will take place October 31-November 5, 2000, in Las Angeles. Because OHP is currently working on producing a manual dealing with the creation and revision of local historic preservation ordinances and it is due to be distributed in time for the conference, we thought a session on local ordinances would be a way to showcase our new publication and provide an interesting issue for discussion at the conference, I am writing to you today to see If any of you CL.G coordinators or members of your commissions would be interested) in serving on a panel during the session. I am seeking one panel member to represent a local government in California, preferably one that recently went through an ordinance revision or creation, Additionally, someone from California OHP will bring the state's perspective to the panel. And then I plan to have the third panelist represent a local government or SHPO office Outside of California. I envision that the session will be targeted to an audience above the introductory level-, i.e„ will deal with issues beyond the beginner preservationist level, such as dealing with property rights opposition, providing for strong incentives and penalties (carrots and sticks), integrating local ordinance permit reviewwith•CEQA, etc. Each panelist will speak for approximately 20 minutes and then the panel will take questions from the audience. The entire session would be 90 minutes long. Further refinement of the session will occur after the panelists have been chosen and the session approved by the National Trust. There is a small budget for sessions ($500) that could cover some per diem and travel costs, and all panel speakers receive a discounted registration of $100 for the conference. Please forward this message to any staff members or dommissioners you think may be interested in participating. I apologize for the short deadline, but I would need to hear back from interested panelists by next Thursday, December 30, as the proposal is due by December 31. Thank you for your consideration of this request. And feel free to get in touch with me (by email or phone) with any questions, (P.& Sony I couldn't email this message, but our system is down today, and I'm off tomorrow. Hope your holidays are wonderful and you have a happy and safe New Yearl) 090 12-23-99 16:56 RECEIVED FROM: P.01 CLG News an occasional bulletin for California's certified local governments This news bulletin is intended to serve as a source of information useful to CLGs. It is the hope of the Office of Historic Preservation's Local Government Unit that you will pursue further those issues that interest you. Please share this bulletin with any in- terested staff person, commission member, elected official, or member of the public in your local com- munity. We plan to publish CLG News several times each year, as news that you should know comes to our attention. Please feel free to contact your CLG coordinator at OHP with any questions or hems for future bulletins. Preservation Spotlight Critical CLG Training Needs Identified Whether you are a new CLG desperately in need of "Preservation 101" basic training, or a seasoned veteran tackling specific preservation issues, training is a critical need for all CLGs across the board. Training is required of all CLG commissioners and staff and must be reported in the CLG Annual Report. Perhaps of even greater importance, yearly attendance at preservation workshops and seminars provides an opportunity to meet and network with other preservation professionals who can share ideas, concerns, common goals and workable solutions. We asked our CLGs to identify specific training needs in their 1998 annual reports, to provide us with a focus for future CLG workshops. The answers we received are as varied as the CLGs themselves, however, a closer review revealed several common threads identified below: Design review (Burbank, Oakland, Vallejo) Practical application of the Secretary of the Interior's Standards (Highland, Long Beach, San Francisco, Vallejo) Bulletin #2 December 1999 ♦ State and National designation processes and criteria (Burbank, Long Beach, Oakland, Sacramento) ♦ Historic resource survey issues (Escondido, Oakland, Sacramento, San Francisco) ♦ Mills Act and Federal tax credits (Oakland, Sacramento) ♦ Preservation funding sources (Highland, San Francisco) ♦ CEQA guidelines (Sacramento, Santa Cruz County) Other suggested training topics include: Heritage tourism, post -World War Il properties (Oceanside); community outreach and involvgment (Glendale); ordinance revisions (Long Beach); California Register integrity guidelines (Oakland); and Section 106 review (San Francisco). Although OHP is working on addressing the training needs of CLGs, training opportunities still abound. Mark your calendars for the California Preservation Foundation's annual conference, which will take place April 13-15, 2000, in Monterey. The National Alliance for Preservation Commissions will hold their annual forum in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, August 4-6, 2000. And the California Council for the Promotion of History will hold its annual conference in Truckee/Lake Tahoe September 21-23, 2000. In Brief Contact Information As the Local Government Unit strives to improve ser- vice to our CLGs, we desperately need currant contact information for your local government's CLG staff con- tact. Please let us know when changes are made to staff, mailing addresses, phone and fax numbers, and email ad- dresses. We will be trying more and more to correspond with you by email, so if you have an on-line address, let us know. We find it makes communications a breeze! Also, as OHP begins working on our website, we'd love to know if your historic preservation program has a web presence. If so, send us the URL (web address) so we can create a link from our site to yours. 100 Page 2 December 1999 CLG News Latest News OHP Proud to Welcome New CLGS: Cities of Eureka and Colton The City of Eureka became California's 43rd CLG over the summer, and is now our northernmost CLG. Eureka's large stock of historic resources is well served by a committed commission who, we trust, will be aided in its work by the city's new CLG status. Sidnie Olson serves as staff to the commission. She can be reached at (707) 4424265, email: solson@eurekawebs.com. With only three day's notice, Betty Cook, a member of Colton's City Council, attended the State Historic Resources Commission meeting in Nevada City November 5th to accept the Commission's resolution recognizing the city's status as California's 44m CLG. Colton is a city of about 50,000 in California's Inland Empire. The community's web site boasts a small-town, friendlyatmosphere. Kathy Kivley, Assistant to the City Manager, serves as the staff liaison to the 7-member Historic Preservation Commission. She can be reached at (909) 370-5053. Publications of Interest Local Historic Preservation Ordinance Manual The Office of Historic Preservation is about to undertake the creation of a much needed manual on the creation and revision of local historic preservation ordinances. In lieu of a "model ordinance" (which we see as inadequate to address the broader issues surrounding local ordi- nances) we are opting for a manual that both discusses the items that should be included in an ordinance and the greater land use planning issues that surround ordinance creation and revision. We envision a manual that would be useful to the general public and local commissioners as well as having the case law and state code citations needed by planning staff and legal counsel. Look for the production of this publication in the Fall of 2000! This publication will be part of our ongoing Technical Assistance series, which has received widespread distri- bution. We now have 12 publications in the series and it continues to grow. If you haven't received information on the series or would like to request a complete set, just send us an email or give us a call. Training & Networking Opportunities Scenic America is a national nonprofit membership organization dedicated to protecting America's natural beauty and preserving communities' distinctive local character. They provide technical assistance and produce publications on scenic byways, place -sensitive road design, cell tower location, transportation policies, sign control, and other scenic conservation issues. While they are not a historic preservation organization in the narrow sense, they are in the broader sense by their advocacy for preserving community character. Of interest to CLGs is , their Guide to On- i Premise Sign Ordinances ` for Rural and Small Communities available for $3.00 to cover shipping and handling. Deborah L. Myerson, Program Manager, can be reached at 801 Pennsylvania Ave., SE, Suite 300, Washington, DC 20003, (202) 543-6200 x 14 phone, (202) 543-9130 Pax, email: myerson@scenic.org, website: www.scenic.org. Websites of Interest California Office of Historic Preservation http://ohp.cal-parks.ca.gov Okay, here's a little harmless self -promotion. OHP is currently working on expanding our website to provide as much information to the California public as we possibly can. So keep an eye on our site as it develops and improves over the next six months. And give us the URL to your local historic preservation information so we can create a link! Electronic Rehab using theSecretary's Standards . http://uwvw2.cr.npS.gov/e:-rehab/ This on-line class walks you through the ten standards for rehabilitation and quizes you on your understanding of them. It's a wonderful resource for commissioners and staff who are trying to gain an understanding of the standards. You might also want to check out ... Caring for Historical Resources http://www2.cr.nps.gov/tps/care/ goodguides.htm This site is absolutely chock full of publications and on- line information regarding the care of historic buildings. You will definitely want to bookmark this one! 10- CLG News December 1999 Page 3 Who's Doing What? Surveys The County of Tuolumne successfully completed the third and final phase of its cultural resource survey in the historic townsite of Tuolumne. Final results include 120 identified and evaluated historic resources, including two historic districts, and the development of contextual histories addressing pre -historic and historic Me-Wuk villages and food -gathering sites; gold rush era properties; agricultural and lumbering industry resources, and ethnic properties, primarily those of a strong Italian community which established itself within the townsite. j Aided by two grants from the Office of Historic Preservation, the City of Sunnyvale recently completed its first historic resource survey of post -World War 11 suburban properties. The City's efforts included a multi - phased survey effort and the development of local and regional context statements, addressing early subdivisions built from 1948 to 1950 by housing developer Joseph Eichler, whose initial developments were moderately priced, with the intent of bringing modern, high quality, uncluttered designs within reach of ordinary families. His signature homes, designed to reflect the "casual" California lifestyle, characteristically featured open plan living areas with floor to ceiling glass on the rear facades. The existence of three of Eichler's earliest single family subdivisions were confitmed by the Sunnyvale survey efforts, including Sunnyvale Manor (1948-49), Sunnymount Gardens (1948-49), and Sunnyvale Manor Addition (1949-50). Designations Our CLGs have had a very good showing in National Register designations during the past few months. The following properties have recently been listed: American Bag CoJLlrtion Hide Co. Oakland 2nd and Howard Streets District San Francisco Theophilus Allen House Palo Alto 46510th Street San Francisco Montgomery WardBuilding Oakland Sacramento Hall of Justice Sacramento Sunnyslope Lodge San Diego Marysville Historic Commercial Dist. Marysville William Childs House Riverside Additionally, the City of Oceanside has become the first CLG with a California Register nominated property: the Oceanside Athletic Club. It seems the ships hove taken the lead when it comes to State Historical Landmark designations in our CLGs. The Star ojlndia and the Ferryboat Berkeley, both located in the City of San Diego, recently became landmarks #1030 and #1031. And the U.S.S. Homet (also a National Historic Landmark and now converted to a museum) in the City of Alameda is landmark #1029. Grant News 1999-2000 Grant Projects We received 19 CLG grant applications for the 1999-2000 fiscal year, totalling over $230,000. From these were chosen the following projects to receive funding this year: City of Danville Revise ordinance and prepare design guidelines City of Glendale Archeological research design City of Highland National Register district nomination County of Monterey Reconnaisance level survey City of Pasadena National Register nominations City of San Diego Presidio archeological project City of Santa Cruz Context statement City of Sunnyvale Oral histories training program County of Tuolumne Reconnaisance level survey City of Vallejo Intensive level survey Congratulations to these CLGs. And remember, it's not too late to be thinking about what projects you want to undertake next year that would be aided by a CLG grant. National Register district nominations (especially for commercial areas where property owners can take ad- vantage of rehabilitation tax incentives) may be of par- ticular use in your Community. Or a revision of your local historic preservation ordinance may be desperately needed. Does your city or county have areas of high growth that are particularly vulnerable? Then a survey of just such an area may be in order. So put on those thinking caps and be looking for the 2000-2001 CLG grants manual in early spring. e. 10, Page 4 December 1999 CLG News Legislative Alert State Legislation Urban Initiatives Act (AB 601) This bill would have generally encouraged the reuse of under-utilized existing urban buildings through designation of urban adaptive reuse zones by the Trade and Commerce Agency and local agency designation of eligible qualified adaptive reuse buildings. This bill was vetoed by Governor Davis. Villaraigosa-Keeley Bond Act (AB 18) This $2.1 billion general obligation bond initiative will be placed on the March ballot. The bond measure specifically delegates $10 million to the California Heritage Fund, to be administered by OHR The funds will be available as statewide competitive grants to cities, counties, districts, local agencies formed for park purposes, and non- profit organizations for the. acquisition, development, rehabilitation, restoration and interpretation of historical and archeological resources. Federal Legislation Historic Homeownership Tax Credit (HR 1172, S 664) Unfortunately this legislation, which would have extended rehabilitation tax credits to non -income producing residential properties was vetoed by President Clinton as part of the tax package sent to him by Congress. But look for this much needed legislation to resurface again next year. Historic Route 66 Preservation Bill (HR 66) This bill, which authorizes up to $10 million over nine years for a program designed to conserve and protect the cultural heritage of Route 66, was passed by Congress and approved by President Clinton. The program will be administered by the National Park Service, so be watching for more information about grants in the coming months. Historic Preservation Fund (HR 701, HR 798) This week, Congress took its first concrete step toward fulfilling its promise of a permanently funded Historic Preservation Fund. The House Committee on Resources considered and approved by a 37 to 12. vote Committee Chair Don Young's (AK) "Amendment in the Nature of a Substitute" to his Conservation and Reinvestment Act of 1999, H.R. 701, including in the amendment a permanent appropriation of $100 million to the HPF, which could mean a dramatic increase in California's funding. The bill, having now passed out of committee, will go before the two houses of Congress. Lanham Act Amendment On November 29, President Bill Clinton signed into law an amendment to the Lanham Act of 1996 exempting all National Register listed and eligible resources, as well as structures protected by state and local historic preservation ordinances, from the act's provisions regarding trademarks. The Lanham Act established the concept of trademark "dilution" —the idea that a company's trademark could be weakened if used by another, even if in a different business. Under the act, signature features of historic buildings were potential targets of -- - lawsuits brought to force their removal. This problem arose most notably in Miami Beach's Art Deco Historic District. The Tiffany Hotel retained its integrity, but the Fairmont Hotel was not so lucky and was forced to rename itself. A delegation of Florida preservationists took their concems directly to Congress in Octobet during the National Preservation Conference. Representatives E. Clay Shaw (FL) and Ileana Ros-Lehtinen (FL) responded quickly and by October 26 had introduced correcting legislation. The legislation protects all architectural elements which feature the name of the building including spires, pylons, horizontal signs, and inlay terrazzo floors. Legislative Websites For the text of, and information about, state and federal legislation, consult the following websites: Federal Legislation: http://thomas.loc.gov State Legislation: http://www.leginfo.ca.govlbilinfo.html 103 STATE OF THE RESOURCES AGENCY GRAY DAVIS, Gommor OFFICE OF HISTORIC PRESERVATION DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION P.O. BOX 942896 SACRAMENTO, CA 94296-0001 (916) 653-6624 Fax: (916) 653-9824 c Ishpo@ohp.parks.m.gov November 24, 1999 Certified Local Governments Enclosed please find ten copies of the latest CLG contact list. The extra copies are for distribution to your commissioners and staff. Feel free to contact us for additional copies if they are needed. We support and promote communication and networking among our CI -Gs as a means of gaining greater insights and differing perspectives. Please look over the information for your local government and ensure that itt is current and correct. If there are any changes to be made, you may contact any one of us by phone, fax or email with the corrections. Additionally, if you have an email address and it is not listed, please let us know. We look forward to someday facilitating communication by being able to contact all of our CI -Gs by email. Finally, we would like to add information on local government websites to this list. If your local historic preservation program has a web presence (be it on your city or county's website or on some other homepage; e.g., historical society, local museum, etc.), please contact us with the URL so that we may include it in future mailings of the contact list and so that we may create a link between OHP's site and yours. Thank you for your continued participation in the CLG program. Sincerely, Local Government Unit Jenan Saunders Lucinda Woodward Jan Wooley lD v %, STATE CALIFORNIA —THE RESOURCES AGENCY GRAY DAVIS, Governor OFFICE OF HISTORIC PRESERVATION DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION P.O. BOX 942896 SACRAMENTO, CA 94296-0001 (916)653-6624 Fax.(916)653-9824 Calsllpo@ohpparks Ca gov CERTIFIED LOCAL GOVERNMENTS OF CALIFORNIA lK 11 /24/99 CLG CONTACT LIST CLG Name Cityof Alameda Staff Contact Judith Altschuler Department Planning Department Departmen12 Street 2263 Santa Clara Ave. City Alameda State CA Phone 510-748-4554 Fax 510-748-4548 CLGName Cityof Burbank Staff Contact Jennifer Paige Department Planning Department Department2 Street 275 E. Olive Ave. City Burbank State CA Phone 818 238-5275 Fax 818 238-5150 County: Alameda Contact Title Planner III Date Certified: 12-19-86 Suite/Rm Rm 120 PO Box Zip 94501 email jaltschu@ci.alameda.ea.us OHPAdmin Jan Wooley County: Los Angeles Contact Title Assistant Planner Date Certified: 09-23-96 Suite/Rm PO Box PO Box 6459 Zip 91510-6459 email jpaige@ci.burbank.ca.us OHPAdmin Jenan Saunders CLG Name City of Colton County: San Bernardino Staff Contact Kathy A. Kively Contact Title Assistant to the City Manager Department Office of the City Manager Department2 Historic Preservation Commission Street 650 N. La Cadena Drive Suite/Rm City Colton State CA Zip 92324 Phone 909-370-5053 email Far 909-370-5183 Wednesday, November 24, 1999 Date Certified: 10-27-99 PO Box OHPAdmin Lucinda Woodward Page I of 15 �V (k S CLG CONTACT LIST CLG Name City of Colusa County: Colusa Staff Contact Lanell Hoover Contact Title Deputy Clerk Department Heritage Preservation Committee Department) Dole Certified: 10-24-96 Street SuiteiRm PO Box PO Box 1063 City Colusa State CA Zip 95932 Phone 530-458-4740 email Fax 530-458-8674 OHPAdmin Lucinda Woodward CLGName Town of Danville Staff Contact Christine McCann Department Planning Department Department2 Engineering Department Street 510 La Gonda Way City Danville State CA Phone 925-314-3342 Fax 925-838-0360 County: Contra Costa Contact Title Senior Planner Date Certified. 10-23-91 SmtelRm PO Box Zip 94526-1740 email cmccann@danville.ca.us OHPAdmin Lucinda Woodward CLG Name City of Davis County: Yolo Staff Contact Esther Polito Contact Title Cultural Services Manager Department Historical Resources Management Commission Department2 City of Davis Parks and Communi Date Certified: 05-30-95 Street 23 Russell Blvd Suite/Rm PO Box City Davis State CA Zip 95616 Phone 530 757-5626 email epolito@dcn.davis.ca.us Fax 530 758-0204 OHPAdmin JenBn Saunders Wednesday, November 24, 1999 Page 1of15 o / a CLG CONTACT LIST CLG Name City of Escondido Staff Contact Abdul Farrah, AICP Department Planning Division Department2 Street 201 North Broadway City Escondido State CA Phone 760 432-4537 Fax 760 738-4313 CLG Name City of Eureka Staff Contact Sidnie Olson Department Planning Department Department2 Street 531 K Street City Eureka State CA Phone 707-441-4265 Fax 707-441-4202 County: San Diego Contact Title Associate Planner Date Certified: 11-30-89 Suite/Rm PO Box Zip 92025-2798 email OHPAdmin Jan Wooley County: Humbolt Contact Title Senior Planner Date Certified: 08-03-99 Sulte/Rm PO Box Zip 95501-1165 email solson@eurekawebs.com OHPAdmin Jenan Saunders CLG Name City of Fresno County: Fresno Staff Contact Dolores Mellon Contact Title Historic Preservation Specialist Department Housing and Neighborhood Revitalization Department2 Date Certified: 09-23-96 Street 2600 Fresno Street Suite/Rm Rm. 3076 PO Box City Fresno State CA Zip 93721 Phone 559 498-2639 email dolores@fresno.gov Far 559488-1078 OHPAdmin Lucinda Woodward Wednesday, November 24, 1999 Page 3 of 15 CA CLG CONTACT LIST CLGName City of Glendale County: Los Angeles Staff Contact Gerald Wasser Contact Title Planner Department City of Glendale Planning Division Department) Dane Certified: 02-12-88 Street 633 East Broadway Suite/Rm Rm 103 PO Box City Glendale State CA Zip 91206-4386 Phone 818 548-2140 email gwasser@ci.gendale.ca.us Fax 818 240-0392 OHPAdmin Jew Saunders CLG Name City of Highland Staff Contact Kim Stater Department Planning Department Department2 Street 27215 Base Line City Highland State CA Phone 909 864-8732, ext. 204 Fax 909 862-3180 County: San Bernardino Contact Tide Redevelopment Assistant Date Certified: 04-17-95 SuitelRm PO Box Zip 92346 email OHPAdmin Jan Wooley CLG Name City of La Quinta County: Riverside Staff Contact Christine di loro Contact Title Planning Manager Department Community Development Department Department2 Date Certified: 04-20-95 Street 78-495 Calle Tampico SulteiRm PO Box PO Box 1504 City La Quinta State CA Zip 92253 Phone 760 777-7125 or 760-777-7068 email cdioro@la-quinta.org Fax 760 777-1233 OHPAdmin Jan Wooley Wednesday, November 24, 1999 Page 4of15 ) 0 CLG CONTACT LIST CLG Name City of Long Beach County: Los Angeles Staff Contact Ruthann Lehrer Contact Title Nbad. & His. Pres. Officer Department Department of Planning and Building Department2 Date Certified: 05.19-92 Street 333 West Ocean Blvd Suite/Rm 5th floor PO Box City Long Beach State CA Zip 90802 Phone 562 570-6864 email rulehre@ci.long-beach.ca.us Fax 562 570-6068 OHPAdmin Jenan Saunders CLG Name City of Los Altos Staff Contact Madelyn Crawford Department Department2 Street One North San Antonio Rd City Los Altos State CA Phone 650-948-9427 Fax 650-941-7419 CLG Name Town of Los Gatos Staff Contact Sandy Baily Department Planning Department Department2 Street 110 East Main St. City Los Gatos State CA Phone 408 354-6873 Fax 408 354-7593 Wednesday, November24, 1999 County: Santa Clara Contact Title Museum Director of History House Date Certified: 12-04-90 Suite/Rm PO Box Zip 94022 email OHPAdmin Jan Wcoley County: Santa Clara Contact Title Associate Planner Date Certified: 07-25-90 Suite/Rm PO Box PO Box 949 Zip 95032, PO-95031 email OHPAdmin Jan Wooley Page 5 of 15 u 0 CLG CONTACT LIST CLG Name City Of Marysville Staff Contact Jeri Schneider (temp) Department Planning Department Department2 Street 526 "C' Street City Marysville State CA Phone 530-741-6607 Fax 530-741-7160 County: Yuba Contact Title Public Works Secretary Date Certified: 04-28-97 Suite/Rm PO Box PO Box 150 Zip 95901 email OHPAdmin Lucinda Woodward CLG Name City of Monterey County: Monterey Staff Contact Bruce Kibby Contact Title Senior Planner Department Planning & Community Development Department Departmen12 Date Certified: 02-06-97 Street City Hall SuiteiRm PO Box City Monterey State CA Zip 93940 Phone 831-646-3759 email kbby@ci.monterey.ca.us Fax 831-646-3917 OHPAdmin Lucinda Woodward CLG Name County of Monterey County: Monterey Staff Contact Meg Weldon Contact Title Historian Department Monterey County Parks Department2 Planning & Building Inspection De Date Certified: 03-14-94 Street 240 Church Street SuiteJRm Room 116 PO Box PO Box 1208 City Salinas State CA Zip 93902 Phone 831-755-5310 email townera@co.monterey.ca.us Fax 831-755-5487 OHPAdmin Jenan Saunders Wednesday, November 24, 1999 Page 6 of 15 CLG CONTACT LIST CLG Name City of Napa Staff Contact Marcia J. Maleske Department Cultural Heritage Commission Department2 Street 1600 First Street City Napa State CA Phone 707-257-9530 Fax 707-257-9522 County: Napa Contact Title Principal Planner Date Certified: 02-18-86 Suile/Rm PO Box PO Box 660 Zip 94559-0660 email mmaleske@cityofnapa.org OHPAdmin Lucinda Woodward CLG Name City of Oakland County: Alarreda Staff Contact Betty Marvin Contact Title Planner 1 Department Community and Economic Development Agency Department2 Planning Division Date Certified. 12-19-86 Street 250 Frank Ogawa Plaza SuitelRm Ste. 3330 PO Box City Oakland State CA Zip 94612-2021 Phone 510-238-6879 Fax 510-238-6538 email bmarvin@oaklandnet.eom OHPAdmin Jan Wooley CLG Name City of Oceanside County: San Diego Staff Contact Rita Baker Contact Title Senior Planner Department City of Oceanside Planning Department Department2 Date Certified: 03-08-91 Street 300 N. Coast Hwy, Civic Center Suile/Rm PO Box City Oceanside State CA Zip 92054-2885 Phone 760-966-4770 email rbaker@ei.oceanside.ca.us Fax 760-966-4164 OHPAdmin Jan Wooley Wednesday, November 24, 1999 Page 7 of 15 CLG CONTACT LIST CLGName City of Palo Alto County: Santa Clara Staff Contact George White Contact Title Planning Manager Department Planning & Community Environment Department) Date Certified: 02-11-92 Street 250 Hamilton Avenue Suite/Rm PO Box PO Box 10250 City Palo Alto State CA Zip 94303-0862 Phone 650-329-2541 email georgewhite@city.palo-alto.ca.us Fax 415-329-2240 OHPAdmin Jenan Saunders CLGName City of Pasadena County: Los Angeles Staff Contact Mary Jo Winder Contact Title Senior Planner Department Design & Historic Preservation Section Department) Dare Certified: 09-30-86 Street 175 North Garfield Suite/Rm PO Box City Pasadena State CA Zip 91109-7215 Phone 626-744-4228 email mwinder@ci.pasadena.ca.us Fax 626-793-5937 OHPAdmin Jan Wooley CLGName City of Redondo Beach County: Los Angeles Staff Contact Teresa Gianos Contact Title Associate Planner Department City of Redondo Beach Planning Department Department2 Date Certified: 12-04-90 Street 415 Diamond Street Suite/Rm PO Box PO Box 270 City Redondo Beach State CA Zip 90277-0270 Phone 310-318-0637 email teresa.gianos@redondo.org Fax 310-372-8021 OHPAdmin Jan Woolley Wednesday, November 24, 1999 Page 8 of 15 CLG CONTACT LIST CLGName City of Redwood City County: San Mateo Staff Contact Charles Jany Contact Title Secretary Department Redwood City Historic Resources Department2 Advisory Committee Date Certified: 11-20-92 Street 1017 Middlefield Road Suite/Rm PO Box PO Box 391 City Redwood City State CA Zip 94064-0391 Phone 415-780-7239 email cjany@redwoodcity.org Fax 415-780-0128 OHPAdmin Lucinda Woodward CLG Name City of Riverside County: Riverside Staff Contact Janet Tearnen Contact Title Cultural Resources Specialist Department City of Riverside Planning Department Department2 Date Certified: 12.01-98 Street 3900 Main Street Suite/Rm PO Box City Riverside State CA Zip 92522 Phone 909-782-5463 email Fax 909-782-5622 OHPAdmin Jan Wooley CLG Name City of Sacramento County: Sacramento Staff Contact Vincent Marsh Contact Title Preservation Director Department City of Sacramento Department2 Neighborhoods, Planning & Devel Date Certified: 10-21-96 Street 1231 "1" Street Suite/Rm Suite 200 PO Box City Sacramento State CA Zip 95814 Phone 916-264-5607 email vmarsh@gw.sacto.org Fax 916-264-7046 OHPAdmin Lucinda Woodward Wednesday, November 24, 1999 Page 9 of 15 HI CLG CONTACT LIST CLGName City of San Clemente County: orange Staff Contact James B. Hare Contact Title City Planner Department San Clemente Planning Division Department2 Date Certified: 03-03-93 Street 910 Calle Negocio SuitelRm Ste. 100 PO Box City San Clemente State CA Zip 92673 Phone 949-361-6185 email Fax 949-361-8281 OHPAdmin Jan Wooley CLGName City of San Diego Staff Contact Angeles Leira Department City of San Diego Department2 Historical Site Board Street 202 "C' Street City San Diego State CA Phone 619-235-5213 Fax 619-533-5951 CLGName County of San Diego Staff Contact Dr. Glenn S. Russell Department County of San Diego Department2 Landmark Site Board Street 5201 Ruffin Road City San Diego State CA Phone 619-694-2981 Fax 619-694-3373 Wednesday, November 24, 1999 County: San Diego Contact Title Staff to the Historical Site Board Date Certified: 09-30-86 Suite/Rm M.S.4A PO Box Zip 92101 email ala@sdeity.sannet.gov OHPAdmin Jenan Saunders County: San Diego Contact Title EMS II Date Certified: 01-05-89 Sube/Rm Ste. B PO Box Zip 92123-1666 email grussell@co.san.diego.ca.us OHPAdmin Jenan Saunders Page 10 of 15 r CLG CONTACT LIST CLGName City/County of San Francisco County: San Francisco Staff Contact Neil Hart Contact Title Preservation Coordinator Department Landmarks Preservation Advisory Board Department) Date Certired: 05-31-95 Street 1660 Mission Street Suite/Rm 5th Floor PO Box City San Francisco State CA Zip 94103-2414 Phone 415-558-6338 email neilhart@ci.sf.ca.us Fax 415-558-6409 OHPAdmin Lucinda Woodward CLGName City of San Jose County: Santa Clara Staff Contact Susan Queirolo Contact Title Historic Preservation Officer Department Historic Landmarks Commission Department2 Department of Planning, Building Date Certified: 08-18-97 Street 801 North First Street SuitelRm Room 400 PO Box City San Jose State CA Zip 95110-1795 Phone 408-277-8572 email susan.queirolo@ci.sj.ca.us Fax 408-277-3250 OHPAdmin Jenan Sunders CLGName City of Santa Clara County: Santa Clara Staff Contact Arthur Henriques Contact Title City Planner Department City of Santa Clara Panning Department Department2 Dale Certified: 11-14-86 Street 1500 Warburton Ave SuitelRm PO Box City Santa Clara State CA Zip 95050 Phone 408-261-5260 email ghenriques@ci.santa.clara.ca.us Fax 408-241-3823 OHPAdmin Lucinda Woodward Wednesday, November 24, 1999 LIB Page II of 15 CLG CONTACT LIST CLG Name City of Santa Cruz County: Santa Cruz staffContact Don Lauritson Contact Title Associate Planner Department Planning and Community Development Department2 Historic Preservation Commission Dare Certified: 11-15-95 Street 809 Center Street Suite/Rm Room 206 PO Box City Santa Cruz State CA Zip 95060 Phone 831-420-6257 email dlauritson@ci.santa-cruz.ca.us Fax 831-420-6458 OHPAdmin Lucinda Woodward CLG Name County of Santa Cruz County: Santa Cruz staff Contact Cherry McCormick Contact Title Planner Department Historic Resources Commission Department2 County Building Date Certified. 11-14-86 Street 701 Ocean Street Suite/Rm Room 413 PO Box City Santa Cruz State CA Zip 95060 Phone 831-454-3132 email pin315@co.santa-cruz.ca.us Fax 831-454-2131 OHPAdmin Jenan Saunders CLGName City of Santa Monica Staff Contact Donna Jerex Department Planning and Zoning Division Department2 Street 1685 Main Street City Santa Monica State CA Phone 310-458-8341 Fax 310-458-3380 Wednesday, November 24, 1999 County: Los Angeles Contact Title Associate Planner Date Certified: 06-09-92 Suite/Rm Room 212 PO Box PO Box 2200 Zip 90407-2200 email donna-jerex@ci.santa-monica.ca.us OHPAdmin Jan Wooley tlq Page 12 of 15 CLG CONTACT LIST CLGName City of Saratoga Staff Contact Heather Bradley Department City of Saratoga Department2 Street 13777 Fruitvale Ave. City Saratoga State CA Phone 408-868-1230 Fax 408-868-1280 County: Santa Clara Contact Title Secretary Dole Certified: 10-06-88 Suile/Rm PO Box Zip 95070 email OHPAdmin Jan Wooley CLG Name City of Sunnyvale County: Santa Clara Staff Contact Gerri Caruso Contact Title Associate Planner Department City of Sunnyvale Planning Department Department2 Community Development Dale Certified: 01-07-93 Street 456 West Olive Ave. SuilelRm PO Box PO Box 3707 City Sunnyvale State CA Zip 94088-3707 Phone 408-730-7591 email gcaruso@ci.sunnyvale.ca.us Fax 408-730-7715 OHPAdmin Jan Wooley CLG Name County of Tuolumne County: Tuolumne Staff Contact Robin Wood Contact Title Senior Planner Department Tuolumne County Historic Preservation Review Commission Department2 County of Tuolumne Planning Divi Date Certified: 11-12-91 Street 2 South Green Street SultelRm PO Box City Sonora State CA Zip 95370 Phone 209-533-5633 email Far 209-533-5616 OHPAdmin Jenan Saunders Wednesday, November 24, 1999 Page 13 of 15 1l9 CLG CONTACT LIST CLG Name Cityof Tustin County: Orange Staff Contact Scott Reekstin Contact Title Associate Planner Department Community Development Department Department) Date Certified: 07-31-91 Street 300 Centennial Way Suite/Rm PO Box City Tustin State CA Zip 92780 Phone 714-573-3016 email Fax 714-573-3113 OHPAdmin Lucinda Wooddward CLG Name Cityof Vallejo County: Solano Staff Contact Christine Sinnette Contact Title Staff Liaison Department Architectural Heritage & Landmarks Commission Department2 Date Certified: 05-19-92 Street 555 Santa Clara Street Suite/Rm PO Box PO Box 3068 City Vallejo State CA Zip 94590 Phone 707-648-4506 email Fax 707-552-0163 OHPAdmin Lucinda Woodward CLG Name County of Ventura County: Ventura Staff Contact Mr. Kim Hocking Contact Title Senior Planner Department Ventura County Cultural Heritage Board Department2 Date Certified: 11.12-91 Street 800 South Victoria Ave. Suite/Rm L #1740 PO Box City Ventura State CA Zip 93009 Phone 805-654-2414 email kim.hocking@mail.co.ventura.ca.us Fax 805-654-2509 OHPAdmin Jenan Saunders Wednesday, November 24, 1999 Page 14 of 15 I CLG CONTACT LIST CLG Name City of West Hollywood County: Los Angeles Staff Contact Lisa Heep Contact Title Planning Manager Department Department of Community Development Department2 Date Certified: 10-23-91 Street 8300 Santa Monica Blvd. Suite/Rm PO Box City West Hollywood State CA Zip 90069-4313 Phone 323-848-6476 email Iheep@ci.west-hollywood.ca.us Fax 323-848-6569 OHPAdmin Jan Wooley CLG Name County of YOIo County: Yolo Staff Contact John Siden Contact Title Acting Manager Department Parks and Facilities Department2 Date Certified: 01-30-89 Street 625 Court Street, Room #203 Suite/R» i PO Box City Woodland State CA Zip 95695 Phone 530-666-8115 email Fax 530-666-8117 OHP Admin Jenan Saunders Wednesday, November 24, 1999 Page 15 of 15 lao FEB-17-00 11 : 18 CW I.1CR 14ESTERN CENTER 909 78Y 5934 F - [11 SOCIETY FOR CALIFORNIA ARCHAEOLOGY YEAR 2000 ANNUAL MEETING APRIL 19 - 22 RIVERSIDE CONVENTION CENTER Preliminary Program and Preregistration Materials Due in Riverside (not just postmarked) March 27 N CFI w � Weanm Cmwr Communlry Paundarion UnlveoipofCWW*mip, Ri.enide 1160 Univenlry Annuc - Suilc G AFemidc CA 92521 Ma&g Label 02-17-00 12: 93 RECEIVED FROM:909 787 5934 P.01 FED-1 -00 11:19 AM UCR WESTERN CENTER 909 787 5934 P.02 Street City State ZIP Code Affiliation Meeting Registration Number Total Regular Member $25 ($35 attar March 27) Student / Senior Member (65*) $15 ($25 after March 27) _ Students: what inst tution? Non -Member $30 ($40 after March 27) _ Spouse $10 (101 day after March 27) _ _ Volunteer Registration Volunteer (4 hours service) FREE registration! Would you Ike to stay with a UCR student? 9 In the Riverside vicinity, can you house a volunteer? Either way, please contact Anna Hoover at (909) 637-1118 or PurballQaoi.cam. T-shirt, thick cotton, full color collectible design, $16 Please check ate: ❑ Large ❑ Extra Large Events Preregistration (NO Registration after March VI) Golf Tournament (Wed. 1 p.m.) $40 _ Passover Seder (Thurs. eve.) Please indicate V interested; we will contact you with information. Box Lunch with "Grey Beards' (Fri.) $15 (inel, tax, tip) (substantial box lunch with drink & dessert) Sanquat and Awards Ceremony (Fri.) $36 (incl. tax, tip) Please check choice of entree: ❑ 1. Baked Salmon with Lobster Sauce 0 2. Rock Cornish Gama Hen with Wild Rice Field Trip (Sat. afternoon) $B for transportation only; $16 with box lunch Please check choke of trip; ❑ 1. Citrus Heritage Historic $Kea, Riverside _ ❑ 2. Diamond Valley Lake, Hemet (axe of the largest reservoir In So. Cali., and future home of the Western Center; trip includes overview of project and visitor center.) ❑ 3. Open House, San Bernardino Co, Museum Anthro. Facility _ ❑ 4. Open House, UC Riverside Radiocarbon Lab and Anthro. Deptr__-__, _ (Y 3 and 4 are open houses; $8 only if you need transportation.) TOTAL _ Please make checks payable to SCA . (Do not send cashq Please make and keep a copy] Send original to: Joan Schneider, Western Center Community Foundation, University of California, Riverside, 1160 University Avenue, Suite G, Riverside, CA 92521-0224, FAX: (909)767.3517 02-17-00 12:03 RECEIVED FROM:909 787 5934 P.0%' FEB-17-00 11:19 AM LICR WESTERN CENTER 909 727 5934 P. FJ__ The Society, for California Archaeology presents: Magic of the Past, Present and Future: PROJECT ARCHAEOLOGY WORKSHOP FOR EDUCATORS April22, 2000 Workshop location: Riverside Convention Center at the Mall, historic downtown Riverside, CA You will receive: • A copy of Intriu of the Past: A jeacher's Activity Guide foj Fourth_rrnugkt Seventh QM& with over two dozen lessons you can use immediately; plus, primary and high school lesson extensions! • Hands on guidance through lessons which include the process of archeology and issues i11 preservation of archeological resources • Instruction in experiential techniques & multiple intelligences to increase environmental awareness, higher level thinking skills, stewardship values, and multi -cultural appreciation • A highly praised resource packet brimming with materials • Presentations by local Native Californians, archaeologists, and teachers specializing in archaeological education Workshop Leader: Dr. Faith L. Duncan, Archaeologist and heritage educator, USDA Forest Service: Workshop Cost: $35,00 for registration (A non-refundable materials fee) $35.00 for one academic unit from CA State University, Bakersfield (minimum of 10 hrs) Optional lunch fees. Participants will have access to SCA sessions and book room exhibits. Pre -work will be assigned. DEADLINE FOR REGISTRATION IS April 3, 2000. For immediate registration: Please detach the bottom section of this flyer, and mail with $30 check for materials fee to: Dr. Faith L. Duncan, P.O. Box 486, Custer, South Dakota 57730 Enclose a check for the Registration fee for $30.00 made out to "Faith L. Duncan." Pre -registration in necessary for the workshop. A pre -workshop packet will be sent immediately. School/ agency affiliation Grade_ ADDRESS of school/agency: MAILING ADDRESS(pre-work packet): DAY PHONE#( ) = FAX ( ) = EVE. PHONE# e-mail address for updates/confirmations _ 02-17-00 12:03 RECEIVE➢ FROM:909 787 5934 P.02 FED-17-00 11 :20 AM UCR WESTERN CENTER 909 727 59=4 P:. 04 SOCIETY FOR CALIFORNIA ARCHAEOLOGY YEAR 2000 ANNUAL MEETING APRIL 14 - 22, RIVERSIDE CONVENTION CENTER We cordially Invite you to historic Riverside for a unique SCA Annual Meeting with something for nearly everyone. New events Include a golf tournament, Passover Seder, and Box Lunch with the Grey Beards, who will comment an the plenary session and other topics Old favorbs include the No -Host Welcome; concurrent scientific sessions on California archaeology (sae preliminary program); party Thursday evening at the California Museum of Photography with entertainment, beer, and a fabulous Slight Auction); Plenary Session (on Peopling of the New World); banquet Friday evening with delicious food (no kidding?), speaker, and awards; Project Archaeology Workshop for teachers; field trips; and open houses at UC R6re kle Radiocarbon Lob end Anthropology Department and the San Bernardino County Museum. See you In RNeraklel Free admission to the California Museum of Photography and San Bernardino County Museum with SCA nametag. - Joan Schneider, Local Arrangements Chair (009) 787-3517; wes"QclVus.ucr.edu Transportation: Air: Ontario International Airport, free shuttle to Holiday Inn Select, Riverside, by previous arrangement with hotel; at least 72 hours notice required. Rail: Motrollnk from Los Angeles and Orange County; $1,00 trolley runs every 30 min0os or less from Metrolink station to the Convention Center and Holiday Inn. Rued: Downtown Riverside; near junction of Highways 60, 215, and 91. Take University Ave. skit from the 91; follow signs to Mission Inn and Riverside Convention Center. Official Accommodations: Holiday Inn 5611e4:11, just across the pedestrian plaza from the Riverside Convention Center. Reserve by March 3, using enclosed hotel registration form. Ask for special SCA rates. Other Accommodations: Mission Inn, limited SCA room block, downtown (walking distance from Convention Center); Days Inn, Marriott Courtyard, and other hotels on University Ave. near UC Rhrersidel (transportation required) VolurHssro Needed! We need 75 people to help at registration, In the Vendors / Book Room, and at sessions, running slide projeWro and handling lights. For your four hours of service, the SCA will waive your registration fee. Umbed space also may be available for student volunteers to stay with total archaeologists. Please contact Anna Hoover at (909) 637-1118 or Purballoaol.com. Donations Needed for 311arrt Auction Do you have something to donate (books, services, software)? Please contact Anne Stoll at (909) 335- 1988 or ANNESTOLLOSRICRM.com. Vendors Do you want to display and/or sell books or other materials? Please contact Dee Schroth at (900) 307- 2889, x2fIB, or aschroth*ccr.co.san-bemardlno.ca.us. Goff Tournament Join the First Annual SCA Golf Tournament Wednesday, 1 p.m. If Interested, please contact Donn Grenda as soon as possible at (909) 335-1898 or DGRENDAQSRICRM.com, Passowor / H* Week Events Our scheduling was dictated by various national archaeology conferences this spring. H there Is enough Interest, we will attempt to have a Passover second night cooperatve Seder Thursday evening after this Museum party. t you would Ike to attend a Seder Wednesday evening, contact Joan Schneider. Catholl., services also will be available for Holy Thursday and Good Friday observances. 02-17-GG 12: 04 RECEIVED FROM:909 787 5934 P.04 FEE:-17-00 11:20 AM LICR WESTERN CENTER 909 787 5934 P.05 Preliminary Program 2000 Society for California Archaeology Conference Spponmrt CURATION: AN EMBARRASSMENT OFRICHES Chair, Cindy Stankowaki hNcipspM. C. Stankowslti, M. Allen, J. J. Johnsm J. S. Mitchell DierpyNC M. Allen, L, E. Chrimpatm, 0. T. Gross, 1.1. Johnson. C. Slankowskl Symposlum GENERAL SESSION, HISTORICAL ARCHAEOLOGY IN CALIFORNIA Chair: TBA Psrdeipasts: IL Swope, A.D. Rcvil, R.V. May. S, Straka Symposium GENERAL SESSION, PRERISTORIC ARCHAEOLOGY IN CALIPORNIA Chair. TBA Participants: J. Brock, W.A Sewyer, E. Nilsa00, J. M. Mack, V. Harvey, A.R. Pipnblo, M. Campbell Symposium GENERAL SEILSIONI ETHNOHISTORV AND ART Chain TBA Partleipsnts: T. Laden. B. Smith, J. Brock, M. Cattail, E. HWy, G. Gray, H. Koerpw. J. Kailch. Sympositea ARCHAEOLOGY AT THE WOOLEN MILLS CHINATOWN Chain A Media Paraeipob: M. Hylkaas. A Media R. S. Dealer, R. Allm, S. M. Gun, P. S*UIL Symposium THE EVOLUTIONARY ECOLOGY OF EDEN! NEW MODELS OF CALIFOBNIA PREHISTORY Chain: J. M. Broughton, L, M. Rub Participaab; M. Rub, S, Reddy, B. Byrd J. M. Brotsaiesn, K. Take, R. IL Beck. F. G. Bayban, K L. HOhads, W. R. HildebnMt, and K. R, Mcoulro Dtseayaetsi M. Menem, M. 1whlm Wakdsop AVOCATIONAL ARCHAEOLOGY IN THE NEW MILLENNIUM Chain M. Hameam4 L. Waipl, A. Soil PLENARY SESSION THE PEOPLING OFTHENEWWORI.D: NEW PATHWAYS AND PLR4PECTIVES Chairs: T. Jonn J. Johnson Pareldpats: ). Erlmdsoq R. CarlaM T. Goabd. M. Monk, R. E, Tayor, J. Mama, M. Aaegnll, T. Jones. 1. lobsim A, Sin, and metal calm (TBA) DbseassaeC C. Warren Erldily.Morolne_ April 21.2000 UJJp2.SRalROoe.ApreLLM Symposium CENERALSESSIONt TECHNOLOGY AND ECOLOGY IN CALIFORNIA PREHISTORY Chair. TBA Partltipots: A Ruby, W. Hildebwndk W. Preston, R. Yohe, M. Q. Sonia, L. M. Rub, B. Wood, E. Lindlp., I oleo", D. W iewall Dlsessenp TBA Sympwium GENERAL SESSION: CURRENT RESEARCH ON THE CALIFORNIA ISLANDS AND COAST Chair: TDA Participants: R. Vellanoweth, T. Rick, J. Ed ea dsosk M. Stnuts, R. Ciokk-TonvJI6, A. Steil, D. Grends, J. Akachul, A. Noah, S. Morgan, S. Dbaar, 1. Shp. S. Platte, A. Oreych J. Ceaidy, C. Bouscaren Dbewaer. TBA Sympwlum LATE PREHISTORIC ARCHAEOLOGY IN THE SAN DIEGO REGION Chair. L Gamble. K. Calluci Pertkipesh; L. Cambia, K.Oalluci, M, Gurnee, T. Great, J. Hildebrand, L. Leach,1. ScheeRr, J. Simmons, C. Zepeda Syapmium PUBLIC PARTICIPATION IN THE PRESERVATION OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESOURCES Clain B. Peden Participants: 1. Real, M. Eate4 S. Heaa, J. McFarland, S. Hama, L Brprx, B. Percher Dhituawat: TBA Sympostwn THE PREHISTORIC LANDSCAPE AT CAMP PENDLETON, SAN DIEGO COUNTY Cl S. Berryman, A. York Pardelpanb: S. Bemymu, M.Bomyasr, B. Byrd K. Pape, 0. Davis D. Jarny, A Yak, S. Rae Dleeval TBA Workshop GEOGRAPNIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS: AN INTRODUCTION AND EVALUATION Chair. R. Laemaieh Parilolpashi H. SwiW ski, J. Manusee, J. Vdlanuan, R. Lwmwxh Pmrer Sessions POSTER AUTHORS WILL BE AVAILABLE FOR QUESTIONS Timm 11:00 son to 12:30 pm Pnrtklpaatu R. Back, N. Herril, F. Budpeglr, C. Cettmman, V. Van Haadrydk. B. Smith. R boaccarioh, H. B"K. Uyen Forum GREYBEARDS BROWNRAG: DISTLNCUISHED PERSPECTIV&S ON CALIFORNIA ARCHAEOLOGY AT THE END OF IRS MILLENIUM Time: 13:00 Pm to 105 Oda Partklpasts: C. Warren, D. Fredrickson. V. Flndrickssn, W. Wallece, F. Riddell. L. Bean, omen TBA Sy slum ARCHAEOLOGY OF THPACIFIC RIM Cbdri J. Ceytcty, M. Glasso.v Partklpspb: 1. CwWy, N. Knnenenk0, V. Vomretwv, M. Olsyow, M. Des Lamiank offs TBA Dbcraasic TEA Sympnziscm CURRENT RESEARCH AT ALTA CALIFORNIA'S PRRSIDIOS, (PART ON El Chain: B. Yom L. Barker, E. Blind D. Ctlareo Par$clgsq: L. Berke, R Scohri. M. Ckrlk. C. Shepmn-Smlti4 R. Edwards. E. Bluhi, M. Hale. B. Vey, A. Ramay. A. NwUW C. MuDonald E. Radewnge4 R. AM11M 1. W iillbniK C. MINI, M. Taylor. M. Caiarm, M. Hamnann, N. K.atdaimrki, R. may, K. Cazihle,1. Jackman, M. Isew►lle, P.O'Dowd DtssnwsE TBA Sympwivm INDIAN TEACHINGS FOR ARCHAEOLOGISTS Chair. B. Love Parilelpasta R. Besquea Sr., D. Belatdes, D. Largo, J. I.An, E, Sin Dwameantt TBA SyMozium GENERAL SESSION; NEW METHODS AND NEW QUESTIONS IN CALIFORNIA ARCHAEOLOGY Chairs TBA ParticipantC P. Aintwvrth, D. Laylander. L King, D. Hunt, R. Corder, M. koboaoe, J. Onken Dblasunp TBA Spliporium ARCHAEOLOGY IN THE CALIFORNIA STATE PARKA C 91r. B. Pakmu PuDelpants: a Pmkman, M, Sampam4 H. 02111e, 0. Les. D. Gillet* R. Pails, G. Penis. S. Hollinsoa T. Wake, A. Shm, A W*ew M M. Kenttady Dislesuaa TBA fiat 02-17-00 12: 04 RECEIVED FROM:909 787 5934 P. E)E FEE-17-00 11:21 AM UCR WESTERN CENTER 909 727 5934 F'_06 Symposium CURRENT RESEARCH AT ALTA CALIPORNIA'S PRESIDIOS, (PART TWO( CWn: B. Voss, L. Banker, E. SlirA D. Calamo Par delpsaa: L. Barker, P. Soolari, M. Cad. C. 6imPlor-smith, R. Edwards, E. Blind, M, Halo, B. Vow A. Ramsey, A. Names, C. MacDoald, E. Radewagan. R Ambro, J. William% C. Onisn, M. Taylor, M. CaW,eo, M. Hartmann, N. Kaadriwski, R. May, K Carliala J. Jackman, M. Imwila, P. O'Dowd Discuasaen TRA Symposium CURRENT ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESEARCH �} ON THE CENTRAL COAST OF ,per CALIFORNIA s Chalet T. Joan �j Partlelpaam: TEA Discussant: T13A Sympostum CONTRIBVTIONSTO THE ARCHAEOLOGY OF ANCIENT LAKE CAHUILJA Chair. G. Hurd, J. von Waihoff Parllcipsaq: Q Hurd, M. Sdaah, IC Re ,dell, P. King, J. van WerlhoM S. McCormick, C. Granunod, K Gobsle6 L. Giboore C. ZelikoM G. Nord, D. Dickson, 1. Wolbuki. D. Huron, 1. Bowl. G. Miller Dlseaenats: 1. van Waelho$ P. Apodaca L. Gamble Workshop MAGIC OF THE PAST, PRESENT, AND FUTURE! A PROJECT ARCHAEOLOGY WORKSHOP FOR EDUCATORS Chslr: F. Duncan Workshop NATIVE AMERICAN HERITAGE RESOURCES MANAGEMENT Chain: J, Eldua s, R. Fulh Symposium HONORING THE LIFE AND WORKS OF KATHERINE SIVA SAUREL Chair. 1, Eidreq R. Fuller That., 1j0 pm to 4130 Pm Particlpasac L. Been, D. MSsrtby, S. Verse. A, Siva D. Dodo, L. Myma, Ms. Saubel Discaueots: TBA Workshop MAGIC OF THE PAST, PRESENT, AND FUTURE, A PROJECT ARCHAEOLOGY WORKSHOP FOR EDUCATORS (Cmdablag fnm Moral" Stadou) clsin F. Duncan Social Evena Wednesday, Awl] 19 Gol/Toumameny Moo at Holiday Inn SOWS Lobby Time: 1:00 pm Orpalaerr. D. Ganda Exhibu Room Set-up, Convention Center, Arlington Room Time: 1:00 pm Reglsrratian Convention Cater, West Ley Time: 6:00 pm to 9:00 pm No -Host Welcome, Holiday 1. Select Time: 6100 Pm to 9,00 Pm Tharsday.Aar1120 Ragiuration, Convention Cater, Wan Lobby Time: Si00 am to 5:00 pro Fuhibll Room Open, Convention Ceuta. Arlington Room Time: 9:00 am to 5:00 Pm Slim Auction Bidding, Convention Caner, Exhibit Room (Arlington Room) Time: 9:00 am to 5:00 pm PHmry Stulam, Convention Center Time: I:00 pro r Parry, UCR-CaIfiVmla Museum of Pbotogrephy. Free admission to museum with SCA name buip. Time: 6:30 Pro to 10 pm Sifew Auction Finale, IJCR-Califumia Museum ofPhomgraphy. April 21 Registration, Convention Center, cep Lobby Time: 114110 am to 3:00 pm Exhibit Room Open, Convention Cancer, Arlington Room Time: 9:00 am to 5:00 Pm Greybeards Browabag, Convention Center, Fist Lobby Time: 12:00 to 1:I5pm Friday EvealeE Banquel, Keynote Speaker d, Awards CeHmony, Convention Cemrf. Those not aaalding banquet am welcome to 6aen4 the pmparm Portion law the mal, Timet 6:30 pm (meal) 8:00 Pm (Program) Salardav- Aerll 22 Regarrdtion, Convention Comte, Wert LA* Time: a;00 to IM00 am Exh(bil Room Takedown. Convention Candor, Adingmn Room Time: 12:00 Woo Fold Trope, Main in Convention Curter Lobby Time: I:30 pm to St00 pm Jaa S. SchhelCer, Local Ainngemena Chair (909)787-3517 small: jcrlva:idQQ eMvs.us.eiu Matthew Des Writes. Pmgmm Che1T (909)328-1244 amn(I: leotihuu6n�a eaAhbn4. net Dec Sebroth, Vmdo s Liaison (909) 307.2fi69, sod. 266 email aeenrodr®eor.Co.mef beraardim.m.us Anne Stall, Silent Auction Liaison (909) 33$�10% emeil! ANNESTOLLSSRICRM.cono Anita Hoover, Volunrms Usaon (900)637.1118 om4ll purbnlli�eol.anm IaLo 02-17-00 12: 05 RECEIVED FROM:909 767 5934 P - BE, FEE-17-00 11:21 RM UCR WESTERN CENTER 909 787 5534 P-07 StELECT'- RIVERSIDE 34DO Asmx.I sv4n Rnmd•. CA 92501 SOCIETY FOR CALIFORNIA ARCHAEOLOOY Tal (009) 784.8000 HOLIDAY INN SELECT RIVERSIDE Fox(909)7094127 April 18-22, 2000 RESERVATION FORM Reservation Requests may be submitted on this form and received by fax (909)369-7127, mail or you can call the Holiday Inn Select reservation department directly at (877) 291-7519 X7110. Please ask for Society for Archaeology RESERVE EARLY! FIRST CQME FIRST SERVE,, Cut-off date—03-01.00 PLEASE COMPLETE THIS FORM COMPLETELY (PRINT CLEARLY) Last Name First Name Address City State Zip Code Area Code Phone Number Arrival Date Departure Date Rate: Single/Double $80.00 Triple/Quad $95.00 lunior(Executive Suite $139.001246.00 Rate does not include City Occupancy Tax, which is currently I M Please Circle: Requested Number of bedepersons and type of room: lbed/lperson lbed/2persons 2beds/2persom 2beds/3-4persons smoking non-smoking handicapped WW►►MMtWW►►►t tYW►#t►t►t►#►MtWttt###►►W►WtW►tMt#RAM MMMtWt►►k#►FW4►►►W►W#W► Note: Chock -in is 3:00pm unless prior arrangements can be made. Check-out is 12;00 Noon or before. Please list all names of occupants (print clearly): First nights room and tax must be prepaid by check or credit card. Cancellations must be made 72 hours in advance of group arrival date 04.18.2000. Please inform us of your choice of payment. Please circle one: CREDrr CARD CHECK ENCLOSED Credit Card: AEameanExpress_ Visa_ MasterCard_ Other Credit Card # Exp. Date Card Holders Signature Make Check payab2c and mail form to Holiday inn Select Riverside 3400 Market street Riverside. CA 92501 FaxNtt=ber (909) 349-7127 Toll Free (877) 291-7$19 If shuttle service is needed from Ontario Airport, please complete the following to =aura your transportation needs are met. This service will be provided complimentary, only with 72 advance reservations. DATE AIRLINE FLIGHT N ARRIVALT2.M_AM PM NUMBER OF GUESTS _ For additional information or if you have any questions, please call the Holiday Inn Se at (909)784- s000. I a 7 YNE HOLIMr BM KNERBIOE IS OWNED BY WAC HOTELS LLD. A OEORGM CORPOMTON OPERATED UNDER A LICENSE MUS061N WY oak IND 02-17-06 12:06 RECEIVED FROM:909 787 59V4 P'07 FEE-17-00 11:22 AM UIrR WESTERN CENTER. 909 727 =97.4 P.02 /''� VV•MY SE LECT" RIVERSIDE RNIRRKeM Ali• •\ � • Take the 60 East Exit Market Street and make a right We're 1 Lh miles down on the left hared side On the comer of 5u and Market street Take the 91 East Exit University Avenue, Make a left Turn right on Market Street We're three blocks up on the right hand side On the comer of 5th and Market Street Take the 215 South It Will become the 91 West Exit Mission Inn Avenue Go right to Market Street We're just two blocks up on the right hand side On the corner of 5N and Market Street Take the 15 North Connect to the 215 North Connect to the 60 West Exit Market Street, go left We're 1 'h miles down on the left hand side On the corner of 51' and Market Street Take the 105 East Connect to the 605 North Connect to the 60 East Exit Market Street, make a right We're 1 Ya mile down on the left hand side On the comer of Sw and Market Street f Take the 210 East Connect to the 605 South Connect to the 60 East Exit Market Street, make a right We're 1 K1 mile down on the left hand side On the corner of St" and Market Street Take the 5 South (towards Loa Angeles) Connect to the 60 East Exit Market Street in Riverside, make a right We're I % miles down on the left hand side On the comer of SN and Market Street 34W Mukl1 suet Riv lde, CA 92W I Ai (909) 734-NM Fax I909j30.7127 moo TkA HOLIDAY IAH ftaftM 190WN69 BY YRC H EL9 LLC A GMAQ1A CAAPWTIOA CR6An-] VWIR A LIMPa9199YE0 BY HOLIDAY NK INC 02-17-00 12:06 RECEIVED FROM:909 787 59V4 =92- FED-17-00 11:2- AM UCR WESTERN CENTER 909 727 5994 P.69 Angel, O� for/ 4� HOLIDAY I 10,',Qy Son Berno Colton 10 dpF, 0 -Convention Center 71*// / a 02-17-00 12:06 RECEIVED FROM:909 787 5934 P.09 E I N