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2015 09 10 HPCHPC agendas and staff reports ore now available on the City's web page: www.la-quinta&T HISTORIC PRESERVATION COMMISSION AGENDA CITY HALL STUDY SESSION ROOM 78-495 Calle Tampico, La Quinta SPECIAL MEETING on THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 10, 2015 AT 4:30 P.M. CALL TO ORDER 1. Roll Call 2. Pledge of Allegiance PUBLIC COMMENT At this time members of the public may address the Commission on any matter not listed on the agenda. Please complete a "Request to Speak" form and limit your comments to three minutes. When discussing matters pertaining to prehistoric sites, do not disclose the exact location of the site(s) for their protection. CONFIRMATION OF AGENDA APPROVAL OF MINUTES 1. Approval of the minutes of August 20, 2015. BUSINESS SESSION 1. Specific Plan 2015-0001 (SP 2002-058, Amendment 1) and Village Use Permit 2015-0001 submitted by Marvin Investments, Inc. for the consideration of a Historical/Archaeological Resources Survey Report prepared by CRM Tech for an approximately 3.4 acres vacant site. Project: The Villas at Old Town. Location: southeast corner of Calle Tampico and Desert Club Drive. CORRESPONDENCE AND WRITTEN MATERIAL - NONE HISTORIC PRESERVATION COMMISSION SPECIAL MEETING AGENDA 1 SEPTEMBER 10, 2015 REPORTS AND INFORMATIONAL ITEMS - NONE COMMISSIONER ITEMS - NONE ADJOURNMENT The regular meeting of the Historic Preservation Commission of September 17, 2015 will be cancelled. The next regular meeting of the Historic Preservation Commission will be held on October 15, 2015 commencing at 3:00 p.m. at the La Quinta Study Session Room, 78- 495 Calle Tampico, La Quinta, CA 92253. DECLARATION OF POSTING I, Monika Radeva, Executive Assistant, of the City of La Quinta, do hereby declare that the foregoing Agenda for the Historic Preservation Commission meeting was posted on the inside entry to the Council Chamber at 78-495 Calle Tampico, and the bulletin boards at 78-630 Highway 111, and the La Quinta Cove Post Office at 51-321 Avenida Bermudas, on September 4, 2015. DATED: September 3, 2015 MONIKA RADEVA, Executive Assistant City of La Quinta, California PUBLIC NOTICES The La Quinta City Study Session Room is handicapped accessible. If special equipment is needed for the hearing impaired, please call the City Clerk's office at 777-7123, twenty-four (24) hours in advance of the meeting and accommodations will be made. If special electronic equipment is needed to make presentations to the Commission, arrangements should be made in advance by contacting the City Clerk's office at 777-7123. A one (1) week notice is required. If background material is to be presented to the Commission during a Historic Preservation Commission meeting, please be advised that eight (8) copies of all documents, exhibits, etc., must be supplied to the Executive Assistant for distribution. It is requested that this take place prior to the beginning of the meeting. Any writings or documents provided to a majority of the Commission regarding any item(s) on this agenda will be made available for public inspection at the Community Development Department's counter at City Hall located at 78-495 Calle Tampico, La Quinta, California, 92253, during normal business hours. HISTORIC PRESERVATION COMMISSION SPECIAL MEETING AGENDA 2 SEPTEMBER 10, 2015 HISTORIC PRESERVATION COMMISSION MINUTES THURSDAY, AUGUST 20, 2015 CALL TO ORDER A regular meeting of the La Quinta Historic Preservation Commission was called to order at 3:07 p.m. by Chairperson Maevers. PRESENT: Commissioners Leila Namvar, Peggy Redmon, Linda Williams and Chairperson Kevin Maevers ABSENT: None STAFF PRESENT: Community Development Director Les Johnson, Planning Manager Gabriel Perez, Principal Planner Wally Nesbit, Executive Assistant Monika Radeva, Office Assistant Marilyn Monreal Chairperson Maevers led the Commission in the Pledge of Allegiance. PUBLIC COMMENT - None CONFIRMATION OF AGENDA - Confirmed APPROVAL OF MINUTES Motion - A motion was made and seconded by Commissioners Puente/Namvar to approve the Historic Preservation Commission Minutes of March 19, 2015, as submitted. Motion passed unanimously. BUSINESS SESSION 1. Specific Plan 2015-0002, Tentative Tract Map 2015-0003 (TTM 36875), and Site Development Permit 2015-1003 submitted by Desert Land Holdings, LLC, for the consideration of a Cultural Resources Sensitivity Review prepared by CRM Tech for a 4.5 acre site. Project: The Villas at Indian Springs. Location: southeast corner of Jefferson Street and Palm Circle Drive. Principal Planner Wally Nesbit presented the information contained in the staff report, a copy of which is on file in the Community Development Department. General discussion followed regarding the report's recommendations to implement an archaeological monitoring program and whether or not it was truly needed. Staff HISTORIC PRESERVATION COMMISSION MINUTES 1 AUGUST 20, 2015 explained that CRM Tech had made the recommendation in light of the site's proximity to the White Water channel as well as the age of the existing homes. Even though multiple grading activities have already occurred on the site, there still was the possibility that some subsurface cultural remains might be encountered. Motion - A motion was made and seconded by Commissioners Redmon/Namvar accepting the Cultural Resources Sensitivity Review prepared by CRM Tech for Specific Plan 2015-0002, Tentative Tract Map 2015-0003 (TTM 36875), and Site Development Permit 2015-0003; Project: Indian Springs Villas; as submitted with staffs recommendations and amending the proposed time for completion by staff to concur with the timeframe identified in the report on page seven, bullet point six: "completion of the fieldwork." Motion passed unanimously. CORRESPONDENCE AND WRITTEN MATERIAL - None REPORTS AND INFORMATIONAL ITEMS - None COMMISSIONER ITEMS 1. Community Development Director Johnson introduced Planning Manager Gabriel Perez to the Commission. 2. Chairperson Maevers said he was contacted by Mr. Sean McVeigh regarding the obstruction of his view by a new single family residence being built next to his home. 3. Mr. Robert Zafran, Historic Preservation Commissioner for the City of Rancho Mirage has not yet identified a date for a possible valley -wide gathering of representatives to form a colloquium of preservation organization. ADJOURNMENT There being no further business, it was moved and seconded by Commissioners Redmon/Namvar to adjourn this meeting at 3:52 p.m. Motion passed unanimously. Respectfully submitted, MONIKA RADEVA, Executive Assistant City of La Quinta, California HISTORIC PRESERVATION COMMISSION MINUTES 2 AUGUST 20, 2015 DATE: ITEM: CASE NUMBER: LOCATION: APPLICANT: CONSULTANT: BACKGROUND: BI 1 HISTORIC PRESERVATION COMMISSION STAFF REPORT SEPTEMBER 10, 2015 HISTORICAL/ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESOURCES SURVEY REPORT SPECIFIC PLAN 2015-0001 (SP 2002-058 AMENDMENT 1) VILLAGE USE PERMIT 2015-0001 SOUTHEAST CORNER OF CALLE TAMPICO AND DESERT CLUB DRIVE MARVIN INVESTMENTS, INC. CRM TECH The applicant proposes the Villas at Old Town, a mixed -use project consisting of 84 residential condominiums and 20,000 square feet of commercial space on approximately 3.4 acres in the Village. The project is an expansion of the existing Old Town La Quinta commercial center. Upon submittal of the proposed applications, staff requested a Cultural Resources Survey be prepared in compliance with the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) and the City's Historic Preservation Ordinance (Attachment 1). The survey includes a records search, historic background review, and field survey of the property. As per SB 18 procedure, the City requested comments from tribal contacts provided by the Native American Heritage Commission. The consultation period passed with no specific comments on the project being received. Staff met with the Torres Martinez Desert Cahuilla Indians and it was determined that no further recommendations or mitigation is required. DISCUSSION: Records Search The comprehensive records search focused on previously -identified cultural resources in or near the project area and existing cultural resources reports for the vicinity. Three historic -period buildings were recorded within the project boundary, none of which were considered eligible for inclusion in National or State Historic Registers. Outside the project boundary within a one -mile radius, the records uncovered 18 historic/archaeological sites, 26 historic -period buildings, 1 historic -period road, and 7 isolates (sites with less than 3 artifacts). None of these resources were found in the immediate vicinity of the project area, and none require further consideration. Page 1 of 3 Historical Background Review The report concludes that there is no evidence of any human activities in or near the project area in the mid-191" and early-20t" centuries. The three historic -period buildings have all been demolished since 2009, leaving the project area completely vacant today. Field Survey An intensive -level field survey produced completely negative results for potential cultural resources within the project area. The ground surface in the entire project area has been extensively disturbed in the past, and is currently mostly covered with gravel. All buildings within the project area had been demolished, and no structural remains were observed. RECOMMENDATION: Accept the "Historical/Archaeological Resources Survey Report, The Villas at Old Town" prepared by CRM Tech, subject to the recommendations as contained therein, and recommend to the Planning Commission the following requirements: The presence of an approved Native American Cultural Resource Monitor(s) during any ground disturbing activities shall be required. Should buried cultural deposits be encountered, the Monitor may request that destructive construction halt and the Monitor shall notify a Qualified Archaeologist (Secretary of the Interior's Standards and Guidelines) to investigate and, if necessary, prepare a mitigation plan for submission to the State Historic Preservation Officer and the Torres Martinez Desert Cahuilla Indians and the Agua Caliente Tribal Historic Preservation Office. The City shall be notified immediately. Proof that a monitor has been retained shall be given to City prior to issuance of first earth -moving permit. Collected archaeological resources shall be properly packaged for long term curation, in polyethylene self -seal bags, vials, or film cans as appropriate, all within acid -free, standard size, comprehensively labeled archive boxes and delivered to the City prior to issuance of first Certificate of Occupancy for the property. Materials shall be accompanied by descriptive catalogue, field notes and records, primary research data, and the original graphics. The County Coroner shall be contacted if any human remains are found during earthmoving activities. If the remains are determined to be of Native American origin, the Native American Heritage Commission (NAHC) shall be contacted. The NAHC will make a determination of the Most Likely Descendent (MLD). The City will work with the designated MLD to determine the final disposition of the remains. • A final report shall be submitted to the Community Development Page 2 of 3 Department prior to the issuance of the first Certificate of Occupancy for Phase Two of the project. The report shall include an appended itemized inventory of specimens and pertinent discussions of the significance of all recovered resources where appropriate. The report and inventory, when submitted to the City, will signify completion of paleontological resource monitoring. Report prepared by: Jay Wuu, AICP, Principal Planner Report approved for submission by: Gabriel Perez, Planning Manager Attachments: 1. Historic/Archaeological Resources Survey Report The Villas at Old Town Page 3 of 3 ATTACHMENT 1 HISTORICAL/ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESOURCES SURVEY REPORT THE VILLAS AT OLD TOWN PROJECT Assessor's Parcel Nos. 770-123-011 and 770-124-010 City of La Quinta, Riverside County, California For Submittal to: City of La Quinta Planning Division 78-495 Calle Tampico La Quinta, CA 92253 Prepared for: Nicole Saylor Marvin Investments, Inc. 78-100 Main Street, Suite 203 La Quinta, CA 92253 Prepared by: CRM TECH 1016 East Cooley Drive, Suite AB Colton, CA 92324 Bai "Tom" Tang, Principal Investigator Michael Hogan, Principal Investigator D D 0 Z M Z June 24, 2014 CRM TECH Contract No. 2813A RE CEVVED MAR 13 2015 CITY OF LA QUINTA COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT Title: Historical/Archaeological Resources Survey Report: The Villas at Old Town Project, Assessor's Parcel Nos. 770-123-011 and 770-124-010, City of La Quinta, Riverside County, California Author(s): Bai "Tom" Tang, Principal Investigator/Historian Mariam Dandul, Archaeologist/Report Writer Daniel Ballester, Archaeologist Nina Gallardo, Archaeologist/Native American Liaison Consulting Firm: CRM TECH 1016 East Cooley Drive, Suite A/B Colton, CA 92324 (909) 824-6400 Date: June 14, 2014 For Submittal to: City of La Quinta Planning Division 78-495 Calle Tampico La Quinta, CA 92253 (760) 777-7000 Prepared for: Nicole Saylor Marvin Investments, Inc. 78-100 Main Street, Suite 203 La Quinta, CA 92253 (760) 771-2567 USGS Quadrangle: La Quinta, Calif., 7.5' quadrangle (Section 6, T6S R7E, San Bernardino Baseline and Meridian) Project Size: Approximately 3.4 acres Keywords: Coachella Valley area, Riverside County; Phase I historical/archaeological resources survey; previously recorded historic -period buildings (Sites 33- 015500, 33-015629, and 33-015630; now demolished); no "historical resources" affected EXECUTIVE SUMMARY In May and June 2014, at the request of Marvin Investment, Inc., CRM TECH performed a cultural resources study on approximately 3.4 acres of vacant land in the City of La Quinta, Riverside County, California. The subject property of the study consists of Assessor's Parcel Nos. 770-123-011 and 770-124-010, located on the south side of Calle Tampico and to the east of Desert Club Drive, in the southwest quarter of Section 6, T6S R7E, San Bernardino Baseline and Meridian. The study is part of the environmental review process for a proposed mixed -use development project known as the Villas at Old Town. The City of La Quinta, as the lead agency for the project, required the study in compliance with the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) and the City of La Quinta's Historic Preservation Ordinance. The purpose of the study is to provide the City of La Quinta with the necessary information and analysis to determine whether the proposed project would cause substantial adverse changes to any "historical resources," as defined by CEQA, that may exist in or around the project area. In order to identify such resources, CRM TECH conducted a historical/archaeological resources records search, pursued historical background research, contacted Native American representatives, and carried out an intensive -level field survey of the entire project area. The records search results indicate that three historic -period buildings were previously recorded within the project area, including two Modern -style multi -family residences designated Sites 33-015500 and 33-015629 in the California Historical Resources Inventory, both constructed in 1948-1949, and a Ranch -style single-family residence designated Site 33-015630, constructed in 1958. None of the buildings was considered eligible for inclusion in the National Register of Historic Places or the California Register of Historical Resources, or for local designation by the City of La Quinta. During the historical background research and the field survey, it was discovered that all three buildings had been demolished, and none of them had left any identifiable remains in the project area today. Based on these findings, this study concludes that no "historical resources" are present within or adjacent to the project area. Therefore, CRM TECH recommends to the City of La Quinta a determination of No Impact regarding cultural resources. No further cultural resources investigation is recommended for the project unless development plans undergo such changes as to include areas not covered by this study. However, if buried cultural materials are encountered during any earth - moving operations associated with the project, all work in that area should be halted or diverted until a qualified archaeologist can evaluate the nature and significance of the finds. TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVESUMMARY................................................................................................................... i INTRODUCTION................................................................................................................................ 1 SETTING.............................................................................................................................................. 3 CurrentNatural Setting..................................................................................................................... 3 CulturalSetting................................................................................................................................. 4 PrehistoricContext........................................................................................................................ 4 EthnohistoricContext................................................................................ ....... ................... 5 HistoricContext............................................................................................................................ 6 RESEARCHMETHODS.................................................................................................................. 6 RecordsSearch.................................................................................................................................. 6 HistoricalResearch........................................................................................................................... 7 Native American Participation.......................................................................................................... 7 FieldSurvey................................................................................................................................... 7 RESULTSAND FINDINGS................................................................................................................ 7 RecordsSearch.................................................................................................................................. 7 HistoricalResearch......................................................................................................................... 10 Native American Participation.................................................................................................... 11 FieldSurvey.................................................................................................................................... 12 MANAGEMENT CONSIDERATIONS............................................................................................ 13 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS............................................................................... 14 REFERENCES................................................................................................................................... 15 APPENDIX 1: Personnel Qualifications............................................................................................ 17 APPENDIX 2: Correspondence with Native American Representatives ........................................... 21 LIST OF FIGURES Figure1. Project vicinity...................................................................................................................... 1 Figure2. Project area........................................................................................................................... 2 Figure3. Project site plan.................................................................................................................... 3 Figure 4. Current natural setting of the project area............................................................................ 4 Figure 5. Previous cultural resources studies....................................................................................... 8 Figure 6. The project area and vicinity in 1855-1856........................................................................ 10 Figure 7. The project area and vicinity in 1901................................................................................. 10 Figure 8. The project area and vicinity in 1903-1911........................................................................ 11 Figure 9. The project area and vicinity in 1941................................................................................ 11 Figure 10. The project area and vicinity in 1954-1959...................................................................... 11 LIST OF TABLES Table 1. Previously Recorded Cultural Resources in the Project Vicinity .......................................... 9 11 INTRODUCTION In May and June 2014, at the request of Marvin Investment, Inc., CRM TECH performed a cultural resources study on approximately 3.4 acres of vacant land in the City of La Quinta, Riverside County, California (Fig. 1). The subject property of the study consists of Assessor's Parcel Nos. 770-123-011 and 770-124-010, located on the south side of Calle Tampico and to the east of Desert Club Drive, in the southwest quarter of Section 6, T6S R7E, San Bernardino Baseline and Meridian (Fig. 2). The study is part of the environmental review process for a proposed mixed -use development project known as the Villas at Old Town. As currently proposed, the project entails the construction of retail buildings, condominiums, a subterranean parking garage, and an aboveground parking lot, as well as associated street improvements (Fig. 3). The City of La Quinta, as the lead agency for the project, required the study in compliance with the California Environmental Quality Ac t (CEQA; PRC §21000, et seq.) and the City's Historic Preservation Ordinance (Title 7, La Quinta Municipal Code). The purpose of the study is to provide the City of La Quinta with the necessary information and analysis to determine whether the proposed project would cause substantial adverse changes to any "historical resources," as defined by CEQA, that may exist in or around the project area. In order to identify such resources, CRM TECH conducted a historical/archaeological resources records search, pursued historical background research, contacted Native American representatives, and carried out an intensive -level field survey of the entire project area. The following report is a complete account of the methods, results, and final conclusion of the study. �-,�. `' Ipp Crinr.Rrralfn-alai- �- rc_` RanC Lit QrenaY/ < <r, Cl 4 + Aplm Desert \ n t .1 '�'^fi-'�.i-'-1ti.. .}6S "} _ i;.. r�y, �.. ,^fi_• ;J�. ,J. � .1E �`� �u r �.��*�I'nf yj`. .,. , Project ,3 w location 7 Coe IselAi pith T :fanfoM1 04 �� '"r'i u' � 1f ✓1 x rJ.� � I11' r I., ;r - Syy Ranch ''i l 'u 3{ t r ' i( tlirinW" N419r 75 NTA! iYAAtop 0 ' _ _ 1 y1 cloy minn 3 1 r r }��t 51.; .3 > `v� - µ T. SCALE 1 .. , �� :250,000 _ r 0 5 10 miles Figure 1. Project vicinity. (Based on USGS Santa Ana, Calif., 1:250,000 quadrangle [USGS 1979]) 1 4' 1�% 1 ,.� ` Ja rr , 1' F• Well !f II L ' � t 4 On 50 i' • Water " WQII p L Project � . area .......... ` QF •� " . .. V. L�?��I��• �'. .�tL1N IL�I. •'d ��I• •� o ..;...':.. •'a...':s• /p La Quints Awl pJSCALE 1:24,000 0 1/2 1 mile i ,r � .- -.L`' t _s M1'j�r�r• � z • � � .ram .1 �y) - 1000 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 feet Figure 2. Project area. (Based on USES La Quinta, Calif, 1:24,000 quadrangle [USES 1980]) N CALLE TAMPICO MAIN STREgT cwxr ,Ip- nwfe / 1 . I. wl _ PHASE I I PHASE 2 I " �rgJx' I • � `.. I �. ''r 11 11 AVENIDA LA FONDA ~ Figure 3. Project site plan. SETTING CURRENT NATURAL SETTING PROPMDPw EXISTING PARKING The City of La Quinta is situated in the Coachella Valley, a northwest -southeast trending desert valley that constitutes the western end of the Colorado Desert. Dictated by this geographic setting, the climate and environment of the region are typical of southern California's desert country, marked by extremes in temperature and aridity. Temperatures in the region reach over 120 degrees in summer, and dip to near freezing in winter. Average annual precipitation is less than five inches, and the average annual evaporation rate exceeds three feet. The project area is located in a fully urbanized neighborhood in central La Quinta, bounded on the north by Calle Tampico and on the south by Avenida La Fonda. Main Street runs between the two parcels in the project area in a generally east -west direction. The entire project area has been leveled, graded, and covered with commercial gravel (Fig. 4). It is nearly devoid of vegetation, with the exception of a number of palm trees in the southern part of the property. Elevations in the project area range around 40 feet above mean sea level. During the past centuries, Native lifeways in the Coachella Valley was greatly influenced by the inundation and desiccation of Holocene Lake Cahuilla, which began to recede for the last time around 1680 A.D. The current project area lies just below the highest shoreline of the lake, which ran along today's 42-foot contour line. Because of its location in relation to this now -vanished freshwater lake, the area around the project area would have provided a favorable setting for Native American habitation during the early stages of lake recession. 3 �� IL I _n�_•JkL l AIL ,. 4& 4 _-JL &Y,. -Ai 4 AL Y yy �. dx ,�,�,�,. '.""S?"! e.'."'•7..i'x�� . Figure 4. Overview of the current natural setting of the project area. (View to the west; photo taken on May 28, 2014) CULTURAL SETTING Prehistoric Context The archaeological record of the northern Colorado Desert offers very little information regarding the earliest periods of prehistory in this area, but the latter phases of the prehistoric period have been well documented as a result of the many archaeological sites identified dating to the last 1,500 years. A chronological sequence for the Colorado Desert was formulated by Schaefer (Altschul 1994), consisting of three distinct cultural complexes classified as the Paleoindian, the Archaic, and the Late Prehistoric. The Paleoindian cultural complex is characterized as resembling Rogers' San Dieguito complex, where groups of this period settled near water sources and exploited resources from the desert areas to a limited degree (ibid.:27). The Early and Late Archaic Periods follow, ca. 8000 B.C. to A.D. 600, and are associated with sparse human occupation of the area (Altschul 1994:28). Very few archaeological remains have been found associated with the Early Archaic Period, a time when the Colorado Desert region appears to have had a very low population density.. An increase in population occurred during the Middle Archaic, which led groups to develop defenses of their territorial boundaries. The variability of projectile point types has led researchers to conclude that these groups were competing for resources. This variability also appears to mark social group membership in an environment of increasing population. The Late Archaic is characterized by a further adaptation to drier and warmer early Holocene conditions, where there was a decrease in the availability of game animals and an increased dependence on plant resources and groundstone technology. Group size and mobility was determined by the seasonal availability of food resources. Artifact types that characterize this period are large spear and dart points and an array of basketry, nets, traps, split -twig figurines, and other perishables. El The Late Prehistoric Period is also identified by Schaefer as the Patayan Period (Altschul 1994:29), which is further subdivided into the Patayan I -III Periods and is associated with the introduction of pottery in the Colorado Desert region. The entire Patayan cultural complex is characterized by cremations in ceramic vessels and numerous trail systems. Schaefer states that these trails may denote travel to special resource collecting zones, trading expeditions, and possibly warfare. Pot - drops and shrines are evidenced along these trails. Patayan I dates from ca. A.D. 800 to 1050 and is a time when small mobile groups with ceramic technology seasonally settled along the Lower Colorado River and employed a similar tool kit as that of the Hohokam (Altschul 1994:30). The Patayan II, ca. A.D. 1050 to 1500, coincides with the infilling of Lake Cahuilla and is characterized as a time when new ceramic types were produced indicating local manufacture. This phase of the Patayan is also characteristic of the movement of peoples from the floodplain out towards the eastern and western regions of the desert. According to this scheme, the recession of Lake Cahuilla approximately 500 years ago ushered in the Patayan III Period (ca. A.D. 1500 to historic times) and ceramic types known as the Colorado Buff. With the contact between indigenous groups and European explorers, beginning in the 1770s, the Protohistoric Period was ushered in. During this time period, small mobile bands settled along the Lower Colorado River and depended on small-scale agriculture, seasonal hunting, fishing, and gathering. Ethnohistoric Context The Coachella Valley is a historical center of Native American settlement, where U.S. surveyors noted large numbers of Indian villages and rancherias, occupied by the Cahuilla people, in the mid- 19th century. The Cahuilla, a Takic-speaking people whose society was once based on hunting and gathering, are generally divided by anthropologists into three groups, according to their geographic setting: the Pass Cahuilla of the San Gorgonio Pass -Palm Springs area, the Mountain Cahuilla of the San Jacinto and Santa Rosa Mountains and the Cahuilla Valley, and the Desert Cahuilla of the eastern Coachella Valley. The basic written sources on Cahuilla culture and history include Kroeber (1925), Strong (1929), and Bean (1978). The following ethnohistoric discussion of the Cahuilla is based primarily on these sources. The Cahuilla did not have a single name that referred to an all-inclusive tribal affiliation. Instead, membership was in terms of lineages or clans. Each lineage or clan belonged to one of two main divisions of the people, known as moieties. Members of clans in one moiety had to marry into clans from the other moiety. Individual clans had villages, or central places, and territories they called their own, for purposes of hunting game, gathering food, or utilizing other necessary resources. They interacted with other clans through trade, intermarriage, and ceremonies. Population data prior to European contact are almost impossible to obtain, but estimates range from 3,600 to as high as 10,000 persons. During the 19th century, however, the Cahuilla population was decimated, largely as a result of extermination and European diseases, most notably smallpox, for which the Native peoples had no immunity. Today, Native Americans of Pass or Desert Cahuilla heritage are mostly affiliated with one or more of the Indian reservations in and near the Coachella Valley, including Cabazon, Augustine, Torres Martinez, Agua Caliente, and Morongo. 5 Historic Context In 1823-1825, Jose Romero, Jose Maria Estudillo, and Romualdo Pacheco became the first noted European explorers to travel through the Coachella Valley when they led a series of expeditions in search of a route to Yuma (Johnston 1987:92-95). Due to its harsh environment, few non -Indians ventured into the desert valley during the Mexican and early American periods, except those who traveled along the established trails. The most important of these trails was the Cocomaricopa Trail, an ancient Indian trading route that was "discovered" in 1862 by William David Bradshaw and known after that as the Bradshaw. Trail (Gunther 1984:71; Ross 1992:25). In much of the Coachella Valley, this historic wagon road traversed a similar course to that of present-day Highway 111. During the 1860s-1870s, the Bradshaw Trail served as the main thoroughfare between coastal southern California and the Colorado River, until the completion of the Southern Pacific Railroad in 1876-1877 brought an end to its heyday (Johnston 1987:185). Non -Indian settlement in the Coachella Valley began in the 1870s with the establishment of railroad stations along the Southern Pacific Railroad, and spread further in the 1880s after public land was opened for claims under the Homestead Act, the Desert Land Act, and other federal land laws (Laflin 1998:35-36; Robinson 1948:169-171). Farming became the dominant economic activity in the valley thanks to the development of underground water sources, often in the form of artesian wells. Around the turn of the century, the date palm was introduced into the Coachella Valley, and by the late 1910s dates were the main agricultural crop and the tree an iconic image celebrating the region as the "Arabia of America" (Shields Date Gardens 1957). Then, starting in the 1920s, a new industry featuring equestrian camps, resorts, hotels, and eventually country clubs began to spread throughout the Coachella Valley, transforming it into southern California's premier winter retreat. In today's City of La Quinta, the earliest settlement and land development activities did not occur until the turn of the century (BLM n.d.). In 1926, with the construction of the La Quinta Hotel, the development of La Quinta took on the character of a winter resort, typical of the desert communities along Highway 111. Beginning in the early 1930s, the subdivision of the cove area of La Quinta and the marketing of "weekend homes" further emphasized this new direction of development (City of La Quinta 1997:43). On May 1, 1982, La Quinta was incorporated as the 19th city in Riverside County. RESEARCH METHODS RECORDS SEARCH On May 27, 2014, CRM TECH archaeologist Daniel Ballester (see App. 1 for qualifications) conducted the historical/archaeological resources records search at the Eastern Information Center (EIC), University of California, Riverside. During the records search, Ballester examined maps and records on file at the EIC for previously identified cultural resources in or near the project area and existing cultural resources reports pertaining to the vicinity. Previously identified cultural resources include properties designated as California Historical Landmarks, Points of Historical Interest, or 0 Riverside County Landmarks, as well as those listed in the National Register of Historic Places, the California Register of Historical Resources, or the California Historical Resources Inventory. HISTORICAL RESEARCH Historical background research for this study was conducted by CRM TECH historian Bai "Tom" Tang (see App. 1 for qualifications) on the basis of published literature in local and regional history as well as historic maps and aerial photographs of the La Quinta region. Among maps consulted for this study were the U.S. General Land Office's (GLO) land survey plat maps dated 1956-1914 and the U.S. Geological Survey's (USGS) topographic maps dated 1904-1980. These maps are collected at the Science Library of the University of California, Riverside, and the California Desert District of the U.S. Bureau of Land Management, located in Moreno Valley. NATIVE AMERICAN PARTICIPATION As part of the research procedures, CRM TECH submitted a written request to the State of California's Native American Heritage Commission on May 23, 2014, for a records search in the commission's Sacred Lands File. Following the commission's recommendations, CRM TECH further contacted a total of 16 tribal representatives in the region in writing on May 29 to solicit local Native American input regarding any potential cultural resources concerns over the proposed project. The correspondences between CRM TECH and the Native American representatives are attached to this report in Appendix 2. FIELD SURVEY On May 28, 2014, Daniel Ballester carried out the intensive -level, pedestrian field survey of the project area. During the survey, Ballester walked a system of parallel transects oriented in the east - west direction and spaced 15 meters (approx. 50 feet) apart. In this way, the ground surface in the entire project area was systematically and carefully examined for any evidence of human activities dating to the prehistoric or historic period (i.e., 50 years ago or older). Because of the gravel covering the ground surface, visibility of natural soils in the project area was poor (0-25%). RESULTS AND FINDINGS RECORDS SEARCH According to EIC records, the project area had not been the subject of an intensive -level archaeological survey prior to this study, but it had been included in the scope of at least two overview studies (Love and Tang 1999; Tang and Encarnacion 2010) and two citywide historic building surveys (Mellon and Associates 1997; Tang 2006). As a result of the 2006 citywide survey, three historic -period buildings were recorded within the current project area, including two Modern - style multi -family residences designated Sites 33-015500 and 33-015629 in the California Historical Resources Inventory, both constructed in 1948-1949, and a Ranch -style single-family residence designated Site 33-015630, constructed in 1958 (Tang et al. 2006a-c). None of the buildings was considered eligible for inclusion in the National Register of Historic Places or the California Register of Historical Resources, or for local designation by the City of La Quinta (ibid.). 7 Outside the project boundaries but within a one -mile radius, EIC records show more than 50 previous cultural resources studies covering various tracts of land and linear features, including two adjacent parcels to the west and the north (Fig. 5). As a result of these and other similar studies in the vicinity, 18 archaeological sites, 26 historic -period buildings, 1 historic -period road, and 7 isolates—i.e., localities with fewer than three artifacts —were identified and recorded within the scope of the records search (see Table 1). None of these resources was found in the immediate vicinity of the project area, and thus none of them requires further consideration during this study. l y "71, Scope of records ' search 4t9 4529 5218- 52-20 k � t3 t� `• 0907. 1 19 7T14 it 40913 0908 8209 L NaIw �• .� 4361 n' 2, -09 4, 2051, r 568 2052 "' wan ,.., c� - 727, 4�10 1952 6.502 603, 87 0`') 4000, 896i : M 728 4404 66 5 38b3 4001�1 4 . 30 ' 167— . 40571, 1i_,� 4• of V�� ll' �SJ' $ II:• 8758 .;� • .Y 180a_. tik w rYf � �• I •• y -•IL- f. � J .•• 1 t• La Quinta t Project area ~ Y. EAreas previously surveyed c Linear surveys 7i SCALE 1:24,000�F7 { 1000 0 1000 feet ps . Figure 5. Previous cultural resources studies in the vicinity of the project area, listed by EIC file number. Locations of historical/archaeological sites are not shown as a protective measure. 3 Table 1. Previously Recorded Cultural Resources within the Scope of the Records Search_ Site No. Recorded by/Date Description 33-000151 Fenen a 1972; Johnston 1960 Ceramic scatter and faunal 33-000296 McKinney and Gothold 1963 Cremation 33-001179 Wilke 1972. 1987 Cremations; habitation debris 33-001180 Various Habitation debris 33-001980 McCarthy 1985; Sal as 1980 Cremation 33-001981 McCarthy 1985; Sal as 1980 Ceramic scatter 33-002826 Wilke 1984 Bedrock milling feature and pestle 33-002827 Wilke 1984 Bedrock milling feature, scattered artifacts, shell scatter 33-002828 Wilke 1984 Bedrock milling features 33-002998 Breece 1985 Ceramic scatter, obsidian point 33-002999 Breece 1985 Ceramic scatter, mano 33-003001 Breece 1985 Ceramic scatter 33-004091 Love 1990 Cremations 33-004114 White 1990 Habitation debris 33-007254 Carpenter 1982 Mediterranean/Spanish Revival house, ca. 1930s 33-007255 Carpenter 1982 Mediterranean/Spanish Revival building, 1936 33-007256 Warren 1982 Mediterranean/Spanish Revival building, ca. 1940s 33-007257 Carpenter 1982 Prairie Style building, 1939 33-007258 Steigemeyer and O'Connor 1997; Carpenter 1982 La Quinta Hotel and grounds, 1926-1927 33-007259 Lawman 1982 Mediterranean/Spanish Revival house, 1928 33-007260 Carpenter 1982 Mediterranean/Spanish Revival house, ca. 1930s 33-007929 Brock and Toen'es 1997 Ceramic scatter 33-007930 Brock and Toen'es 1997 Isolate: ceramic sherd 33-008061 Brock and Toen'es 1997 Isolate: ceramic sherd 33-008062 Brock and Toen'es 1997 Isolate: ceramic sherd 33-008165 Chace 1996 Old Avenue 52 33-008226 Love 1998 Habitation debris 33-008308 Warner 1982 Mediterranean/Spanish Revival ranch house, ca. 1930s 33-011179 McKenna 2000 Isolate: ceramic sherd 33-011180 McKenna 2000 Isolate: ceramic sherd 33-011181 McKenna 2000 Isolate: ceramic sherd 33-012404 Porter 2003 Habitation debris 33-013306 Quinn and Eddy 2004 Habitation debris 33-013400 Mouri uand 2004 Isolate: ceramic sherd 33-015465 Tang, Smallwood, and Dandul 2006 Modern -style house, 1961 33-015466 Tang, Smallwood, and Dandul 2006 Modern -style house, 1961 33-015468 Tang, Smallwood, and Dandul 2006 Modern -style commercial building, 1941 33-015485 Tang, Smallwood, and Dandul 2006 Modem -style house, 1961 33-015486 Tang, Smallwood, and Dandul 2006 Ranch -style house, 1950 33-015496 Tang, Smallwood, and Dandul 2006 Modem -style multi -family property, 1948 33-015497 Tang, Smallwood, and Dandul 2006 Modern-s le multi -family property, 1951 33-015498 Tan , Smallwood, and Dandul 2006 Modern -style multi -family residence, 1949 33-015499 Tang, Smallwood, and Dandul 2006 Modern -style multi -family roe , 1949 33-015500* Tang, Smallwood, and Dandul 2006 Modem -style multi -family property, 1949 33-015501 Tang, Smallwood, and Dandul 2006 Ranch -style house, 1952 33-015534 Tang, Smallwood, and Dandul 2006 Ranch -style house, 1959 33-015590 Tang, Smallwood, and Dandul 2006 Ranch-st le house, 1958 33-015592 Tang, Smallwood, and Dandul 2006 1 Commercial building, 1949 * Recorded in the project area Table 1. Previously Recorded Cultural Resources within the Scope of the Records Search Cont. Site No. Recorded by/Date Description 33-015600 Tang, Smallwood, and Dandul 2006 Spanish -influenced house, 1950 33-015604 Tang, Smallwood, and Dandu12006 Modern -style house, 1950 33-015606 Tang, Smallwood, and Dandu12006 Modern -style house, 1949 33-015629* Tang,_ Smallwood, and Dandu12006 Modern-st le multi -family residence, 1948 33-015630* Tang, Smallwood, and Dandu12006 Ranch-st le house, 1958 33-015631 Tana. Smallwood, and Dandul 2006 Modem -style house, 1961 33-015634 Tang, Smallwood, and Dandu12006 Ranch -style house, 1951 * Recorded in the project area HISTORICAL RESEARCH Historical sources consulted for this study indicate no evidence of any human activities in or near the project area in the mid-19th and early 20th centuries, although the historic Cocomaricopa-Bradshaw Trail traversed less than a mile to the east of the project location (Figs. 6-8). By the early 1940s, the cove area of La Quinta, subdivided and developed since the 1930s, had taken shape just to the west of the project location, and a group of at least three buildings had appeared a short distance to the northeast (Fig. 9). In the immediate vicinity of the project area, however, the only notable feature was the forerunner of today's Calle Tampico, then a dirt road (Fig. 9). The post -WWII boom of the late 1940s and 1950s saw a substantial transformation in the cultural landscape in and around the project area. By 1959, three buildings had appeared within the project boundaries, corresponding in location to the residences recorded in 2006 as Sites 33-01550, 33- S)i 3.1 Ift 7-9 Project area R ,Xr T r*02 4112 #/70� Nft ABD ; N'R ,l80 �♦6� Hv h (No Aep X160 a `+5 ,r160 coverage) sae c '1i1�+,f ��titi. •,r .,/�rf� its'+/�,(T� fit%!/VJJ�' R i feet - 0 2000 4000 Figure 6. The project area and vicinity in 1855-1856. (Source: GLO 1856a-c) sY Project �f.f area 5 1 n r SCALE 1:125,000 0 1 2 miles Figure 7. The project area and vicinity in 1901. (Source: USGS 1904) 10 , t 4, Ir i s� :1- r � " r p Project ' area , 61 ,yam I r 40 h115N1��, z f" 47 I t 0 2000 4000 feet ,� = u+ • , _ 2 .i ; Figure 8. The project area and vicinity in 1903-1911 (Source: GLO 1903; 1905a; 1905b; 1914) 015629, and 33-015630 (Fig. 10). In the meantime, the three streets across or adjacent to the project area, Calle Tampico, Main Street, and Avenida La Fonda, had all been laid out and paved (Fig. 10). Since 1959, no other buildings have been constructed in the project area (Fig. 2; Google Inc. 1996; 2002; 2004; 2005; 2006; 2009). Instead, the three residences have all been demolished since 2009, leaving the project area completely vacant today (Google Inc. 2011; 2013). NATIVE AMERICAN PARTICIPATION In response to CRM TECH's inquiry, the Native American Heritage Commission reports in a letter dated May 28, 2014, that the sacred lands record search identified no Native American cultural resources within the project area, but recommends that local Native American groups be contacted for further information. For that purpose, the commission provided a list of potential contacts in the region (see App. 2). 11 I i �*,� Project ` 1. t"'; � A _ area I I � LLa Q 'nta w i l j � I I � 1 1 J y. •d '� d I Figure 9. The project area and vicinity in 1941. (Source: USGS 1941) wall WellProject ' �c h(i — I area -; 6 17iil -n�- ad ,�' • '59 dra�• SCALE 1:24,000 0 1000 2000feet Figure 10. The project area and vicinity in 1954-1959. (Source: USGS 1959) Upon receiving the commission's response, on May 29 CRM TECH sent written requests for comments to all 13 individuals on the referral list and the organizations they represent (see App. 2). In addition, as referred by these tribal representatives or the tribal government staff, the following three individuals were also contacted: • Yvonne Markle, Environmental Office Manager for the Cahuilla Band of Indians; • John Gomez, Jr., Cultural Resources Coordinator for the Ramona Band of Cahuilla Indians; • Gabriella Rubalcava, Environmental Director for Santa Rosa Band of Cahuilla Indians. As of this time, three tribal representatives have responded to the request for comments. In letters dated May 30 and June 4, 2014, Judy Stapp, Director of Cultural Affairs for the Cabazon Band of Mission Indians, states that the tribe has no information indicating any sacred/religious sites or other sites of Native American traditional cultural value in the project area. Ms. Stapp indicates that the Cabazon Band will defer further consultation to the Torres Martinez Desert Cahuilla Indians, but requests that an archaeologist be present during future earth -moving activities within the project area (see App. 2). In a letter dated June 17, 2014, Katie Eskew, Archaeologist with the Agua Caliente Tribal Historic Preservation Office, identifies the project area as a part of the Agua Caliente Band's Traditional Use Area, and states that the tribe's records show the area to be sensitive for cultural resources. Therefore, she requests copies of all cultural resource documentation generated from this project for tribal review and Native American monitoring of all ground -disturbing activities in the project area. In the event that buried cultural deposits are uncovered during the project, Ms. Eskew requests that further ground disturbance be halted, a qualified archaeologist be notified and, if necessary, a mitigation plan be prepared for submission to the State Historic Preservation Officer and the Agua Caliente Tribal Historic Preservation Officer (see App. 2). Mary Ann Green, Chairperson of the Augustine Band of Cahuilla Indians, replied in a letter dated June 19, 2014, stating that the tribe is unaware of any Native American cultural resources that may be affected by the proposed project. She recommends that other Native American tribes and individuals in the immediate vicinity of the project area to consulted and that full-time Native American monitoring be implemented during the the pre -construction and construction phases of the project. In addition, she requests immediate notification of any cultural resources discovery in the APE. FIELD SURVEY The intensive -level field survey produced completely negative results for potential cultural resources within the project area. The entire project area was closely inspected for any evidence of human activities dating to the prehistoric or historic period, but none was found. During the survey, it was confirmed that all three of the previously recorded historic -period buildings (Sites 33-015500, 33- 015629, and 33-015630) had been demolished, and no structural remains were observed at the former locations of the buildings. As stated above, the ground surface in the entire project area has been extensively disturbed in the past, and is mostly covered with manufactured gravel today. No buildings, structures, objects, sites, features, or artifact deposits more than 50 years of age were found on the property. 12 MANAGEMENT CONSIDERATIONS The purpose of this study is to identify any cultural resources within or adjacent to the project area, and to assist the City of La Quinta in determining whether such resources meet the official definition of "historical resources," as provided in the California Public Resources Code, in particular CEQA. According to PRC §5020.10), "`historical resource' includes, but is not limited to, any object, building, site, area, place, record, or manuscript which is historically or archaeologically significant, or is significant in the architectural, engineering, scientific, economic, agricultural, educational, social, political, military, or cultural annals of California." More specifically, CEQA guidelines state that the term "historical resources" applies to any such resources listed in or determined to be eligible for listing in the California Register of Historical Resources, included in a local register of historical resources, or determined to be historically significant by the Lead Agency (Title 14 CCR § 15064.5(a)(1)-(3)). Regarding the proper criteria for the evaluation of historical significance, CEQA guidelines mandate that "a resource shall be considered by the lead agency to be `historically significant' if the resource meets the criteria for listing on the California Register of Historical Resources" (Title 14 CCR § 15064.5(a)(3)). A resource may be listed in the California Register if it meets any of the following criteria: (1) Is associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of California's history and cultural heritage. (2) Is associated with the lives of persons important in our past. (3) Embodies the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, region, or method of construction, or represents the work of an important creative individual, or possesses high artistic values. (4) Has yielded, or may be likely to yield, information important in prehistory or history. (PRC §5024.1(c)) A local register of historical resources, as defined by PRC §5020.1(k), "means a list of properties officially designated or recognized as historically significant by a local government pursuant to a local ordinance or resolution." For properties within the City of La Quinta, the City's Historic Preservation Ordinance (Title 7, La Quinta Municipal Code) provides for the establishment of a historic resources inventory as the official local register. A property may be considered for inclusion in the historic resources inventory based on one or more of the following: A. It exemplifies or reflects special elements of the city's cultural, social, economic, political, aesthetic, engineering or architectural history; or B. It is identified with persons or events significant in local, state or national history; or C. It embodies distinctive characteristics of a style, type, period or method of construction, is a valuable example of the use of the indigenous materials or craftsmanship or is representative of a notable work of an acclaimed builder, designer or architect; or D. It is an archaeological, paleontological, botanical, geological, topographical, ecological or geographical site which has the potential of yielding information of scientific value; or E. It is a geographically definable area possessing concentration of sites, buildings, structures, improvements or objects linked historically through location, design, setting, materials, workmanship, feeling and/or association, in which the collective value of the improvements may be greater than the value of each individual improvement. (LQMC §7.06.020) 13 In summary of the research results presented above, three late historic -period residential buildings were previously identified and recorded within the project area and designated Sites 33-015500, 33- 015629, and 33-015630 in the California Historical Resources Inventory, but were determined not to meet the definition of "historical resources," as outlined above. During the historical background research and the field survey, it was discovered that all three buildings had been demolished, and none of them had left any identifiable remains in the project area today. No other potential "historical resources" were encountered throughout the course of this study. Based on these findings, and in light of the criteria listed above, the present study concludes that no historical resources exist within or adjacent to the project area. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS CEQA establishes that "a project that may cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of a historical resource is a project that may have a significant effect on the environment' (PRC §21084.1). "Substantial adverse change," according to PRC §5020.1(q), "means demolition, destruction, relocation, or alteration such that the significance of a historical resource would be impaired." As stated above, the results of this study indicate that no "historical resources," as defined by CEQA, are present within or adjacent to the project area. Therefore, CRM TECH presents the following recommendations to the City of La Quinta: The proposed project will not cause a substantial adverse change to any historical resources. No further cultural resources investigation is necessary for the project unless development plans undergo such changes as to include areas not covered by this study. If buried cultural materials are discovered during any earth -moving operations associated with the project, all work in that area should be halted or diverted until a qualified archaeologist can evaluate the nature and significance of the finds. 14 REFERENCES Altschul, Jeffrey H. (ed.) 1994 Research Design for the Lower Colorado Region. Technical Report No. 93-19, prepared for the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, Lower Colorado Regional Office, by Statistical Research Inc., Tucson, Arizona. Bean, Lowell John 1978 Cahuilla. In Robert F. Heizer (ed.): Handbook of North American Indians, Vol. 8: California; pp. 575-587. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. BLM (Bureau of Land Management, U.S. Department of the Interior) n.d. Historical Index, Land Status Records, T5-7S R6-8E, SBBM. Microfiches on file, Bureau of Land Management, California Desert District, Moreno Valley. City of La Quinta 1997 City of La Quinta Historic Context Statement (Draft). On file, City of La Quinta Community Development Department. GLO (General Land Office, U.S. Department of the Interior) 1856a Plat Map: Township No. 5 South Range No. 6 East, San Bernardino Meridian; surveyed in 1855-1856. 1856b Plat Map: Township No. 5 South Range No. 7 East, San Bernardino Meridian; surveyed in 1855-1856. 1856c Plat Map: Township No. 6 South Range No. 7 East, San Bernardino Meridian; surveyed in 1856. 1903 Plat Map: Township No. 6 South Range No. 7 East, San Bernardino Meridian; surveyed in 1903. 1905a Plat map: Township No. 5 South Range No. 6 East, San Bernardino Meridian; surveyed in 1903. 1905b Plat Map: Township No. 6 South Range No. 6 East, San Bernardino Meridian; surveyed in 1903. 1914 Plat Map: Township No. 5 South Range No. 7 East, San Bernardino Meridian; surveyed in 1911. Google Inc. 1996-2013 Aerial photographs of the project vicinity. Available through the Google Earth program. Gunther, Jane Davies 1984 Riverside County, California, Place Names: Their Origins and Their Stories. J. D. Gunther, Riverside. Johnston, Francis J. 1987 The Bradshaw Trail; revised edition. Historical Commission Press, Riverside. Kroeber, Alfred L. 1925 Handbook of the Indians of California. Bureau of American Ethnology Bulletin 78. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. Laflin, Patricia 1998 Coachella Valley California: A Pictorial History. The Donning Company, Virginia Beach, Virginia. Love, Bruce, and Bai "Tom" Tang 1999 Historic Preservation Element, City of La Quinta General Plan. On file, Eastern Information Center, University of California, Riverside. 15 Mellon and Associates 1997 City of La Quinta Historic Resources Survey. On file, City of La Quinta Community Development Department. Robinson, W. W. 1948 Land in California. University of California Press, Berkeley. Ross, Delmer G. 1992 Gold Road to La Paz: An Interpretive Guide to the Bradshaw Trail. Tales of the Mojave Road Publishing Company, Essex, California. Shields Date Gardens 1957 Coachella Valley Desert Trails and the Romance and Sex Life of the Date. Shields Date Gardens, Indio. Strong, William Duncan 1929 Aboriginal Society in Southern California. University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 26. Reprinted by Malki Museum Press, Banning, California, 1972. Tang, Bai "Tom" 2006 Summary of Findings: Citywide Historic Resources Survey Update, City of La Quinta, Riverside County, California. On file, Eastern Information Center, University of California, Riverside. Tang, Bai "Tom," and Deirdre Encarnaci6n 2010 Cultural Resources Technical Report: City of La Quinta General Plan (2010 Update). On file, Eastern Information Center, University of California, Riverside. Tang, Bai "Tom," Josh Smallwood, and Mariam Dandul 2006a California Historical Resources Inventory site record forms, 33-015500. On file, Eastern Information Center, University of California, Riverside. 2006b California Historical Resources Inventory site record forms, 33-015629. On file, Eastern Information Center, University of California, Riverside. 2006c California Historical Resources Inventory site record forms, 33-015630. On file, Eastern Information Center, University of California, Riverside. USGS (United States Geological Survey, U.S. Department of the Interior) 1904 Map: Indio, Calif. (30', 1:125,000); surveyed in 1901. 1941 Map: Toro Peak, Calif. (15', 1:62,500); aerial photographs taken in 1941. 1959 Map: La Quinta, Calif. (7.5', 1:24,000); aerial photographs taken in 1954, field -checked in 1959. 1979 Map: Santa Ana, Calif. (1:250,000); 1959 edition revised. 1980 Map: La Quinta, Calif. (7.5', 1:24,000); 1959 edition photorevised in 1978. 16 APPENDIX 1: PERSONNEL QUALIFICATIONS PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR/HISTORIAN Bai "Tom" Tang, M.A. Education 1988-1993 Graduate Program in Public History/Historic Preservation, UC Riverside. 1987 M.A., American History, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut. 1982 B.A., History, Northwestern University, Xi'an, China. 2000 "Introduction to Section 106 Review," presented by the Advisory Council on Historic Preservation and the University of Nevada, Reno. 1994 "Assessing the Significance of Historic Archaeological Sites," presented by the Historic Preservation Program, University of Nevada, Reno. Professional Experience 2002- Principal Investigator, CRM TECH, Riverside/Colton, California. 1993-2002 Project Historian/Architectural Historian, CRM TECH, Riverside, California. 1993-1997 Project Historian, Greenwood and Associates, Pacific Palisades, California. 1991-1993 Project Historian, Archaeological Research Unit, UC Riverside. 1990 Intern Researcher, California State Office of Historic Preservation, Sacramento. 1990-1992 Teaching Assistant, History of Modern World, UC Riverside. 1988-1993 Research Assistant, American Social History, UC Riverside. 1985-1988 Research Assistant, Modern Chinese History, Yale University. 1985-1986 Teaching Assistant, Modern Chinese History, Yale University. 1982-1985 Lecturer, History, Xi'an Foreign Languages Institute, Xi'an, China. Honors and Awards 1988-1990 University of California Graduate Fellowship, UC Riverside. 1985-1987 Yale University Fellowship, Yale University Graduate School. 1980, 1981 President's Honor List, Northwestern University, Xi'an, China. Cultural Resources Management Reports Preliminary Analyses and Recommendations Regarding California's Cultural Resources Inventory System (with Special Reference to Condition 14 of NPS 1990 Program Review Report). California State Office of Historic Preservation working paper, Sacramento, September 1990. Numerous cultural resources management reports with the Archaeological Research Unit, Greenwood and Associates, and CRM TECH, since October 1991. Membership California Preservation Foundation. 17 PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR/ARCHAEOLOGIST Michael Hogan, Ph.D., RPA* Education 1991 Ph.D., Anthropology, University of California, Riverside. 1981 B.S., Anthropology, University of California, Riverside; with honors. 1980-1981 Education Abroad Program, Lima, Peru. 2002 Section 106—National Historic Preservation Act: Federal Law at the Local Level. UCLA Extension Course #888. 2002 "Recognizing Historic Artifacts," workshop presented by Richard Norwood, Historical Archaeologist. 2002 "Wending Your Way through the Regulatory Maze," symposium presented by the Association of Environmental Professionals. 1992 "Southern California Ceramics Workshop," presented by Jerry Schaefer. 1992 "Historic Artifact Workshop," presented by Anne Duffield -Stoll. Professional Experience 2002- Principal Investigator, CRM TECH, Riverside/Colton, California. 1999-2002 Project Archaeologist/Field Director, CRM TECH, Riverside. 1996-1998 Project Director and Ethnographer, Statistical Research, Inc., Redlands. 1992-1998 Assistant Research Anthropologist, University of California, Riverside 1992-1995 Project Director, Archaeological Research Unit, U. C. Riverside. 1993-1994 Adjunct Professor, Riverside Community College, Mt. San Jacinto College, U.C. Riverside, Chapman University, and San Bernardino Valley College. 1991-1992 Crew Chief, Archaeological Research Unit, U. C. Riverside. 1984-1998 Archaeological Technician, Field Director, and Project Director for various southern California cultural resources management firms. Research Interests Cultural Resource Management, Southern Californian Archaeology, Settlement and Exchange Patterns, Specialization and Stratification, Culture Change, Native American Culture, Cultural Diversity. Cultural Resources Management Reports Author and co-author of, contributor to, and principal investigator for numerous cultural resources management study reports since 1986. Memberships * Register of Professional Archaeologists; Society for American Archaeology; Society for California Archaeology; Pacific Coast Archaeological Society; Coachella Valley Archaeological Society. PROJECT ARCHAEOLOGIST/REPORT WRITER Mariam Dandul, Ph.D. Education 2013 Ph.D., Anthropology, University of California, Santa Barbara. 2002 M.A., Anthropology, California State University, Fullerton. 1993 B.A., Geography, California State University, Fullerton. 2003 "Ceramics Analysis," graduate seminar presented by Dr. Delaney -Rivera, California State University, Fullerton. 2002 "Section 106-National Historic Preservation Act: Federal Law at the Local Level," presented by UCLA Extension. 2002 "Historic Archaeology Workshop," presented by Richard H. Norwood, Base Archaeologist, Edwards Air Force Base. Professional Experience 2000- Project Archaeologist/Report Writer, CRM TECH, Riverside/Colton, California. • Preparing cultural resources management reports, maps, and site records; • Analyzing beads, ornaments, and shell; • Conducting archaeological field surveys; • Participating in various archaeological testing and mitigation programs. Laboratory and Field Experience 2001 Archaeological field school under the direction of Dr. Brian Byrd. • Test excavations of sites at the San Elijo Lagoon Reserve, including flotation of soil samples and sorting and cataloguing of artifacts. 2000 Archaeological field class under the direction of Dr. Claude Warren. • Excavated units at Soda Lake in the Mojave Desert and produced lake bottom stratigraphic profiles. 1999-2000 Archaeology Laboratory, California State University, Fullerton. • Assisted in the cataloguing of artifacts. 1999 Field survey course under the direction of Dr. Phyllisa Eisentraut. • Surveyed and mapped prehistoric site in the Mojave Desert. Papers Presented 2002 "Shell Beads from the Coachella Valley," Sixth Annual Symposium of the Coachella Valley Archaeological Society. 2002 "Shell Beads from the Coachella Valley," Kelso Conference on the Archaeology of the California and Mojave Deserts. Cultural Resources Management Reports Co-author of and contributor to numerous cultural resources management study reports since 2000. 19 PROJECT ARCHAEOLOGIST Daniel Ballester, B.A. Education 2013 M.S., Geographic Information System (GIS), University of Redlands, California. 1998 B.A., Anthropology, California State University, San Bernardino. 1997 Archaeological Field School, University of Las Vegas and University of California, Riverside. 1994 University of Puerto Rico, Rio Piedras, Puerto Rico. 2007 Certificate in Geographic Information Systems (GIS), California State University, San Bernardino. 2002 "Historic Archaeology Workshop," presented by Richard Norwood, Base Archaeologist, Edwards Air Force Base; presented at CRM TECH, Riverside, California. Professional Experience 2002- Field Director, CRM TECH, Riverside/Colton, California. • Report writing, site record preparation, and supervisory responsibilities over all aspects of fieldwork and field crew. 1999-2002 Project Archaeologist, CRM TECH, Riverside, California. • Survey, testing, data recovery, monitoring, and mapping. 1998-1999 Field Crew, K.E.A. Environmental, San Diego, California. • Two and a half months of excavations on Topomai village site, Marine Corp Air Station, Camp Pendleton. 1998 Field Crew, A.S.M. Affiliates, Encinitas, California. • Two weeks of excavations on a site on Red Beach, Camp Pendleton, and two weeks of survey in Camp Pendleton, Otay Mesa, and Encinitas. 1998 Field Crew, Archaeological Research Unit, University of California, Riverside. • Two weeks of survey in Anza Borrego Desert State Park and Eureka Valley, Death Valley National Park. PROJECT ARCHAEOLOGIST/NATIVE AMERICAN LIAISON Nina Gallardo, B.A. Education 2004 B.A., Anthropology/Law and Society, University of California, Riverside. Professional Experience 2004- Project Archaeologist, CRM TECH, Riverside/Colton, California. • Surveys, excavations, mapping, and records searches. Honors and Awards 2000-2002 Dean's Honors List, University of California, Riverside. 20 APPENDIX 2 CORRESPONDENCE WITH NATIVE AMERICAN REPRESENTATIVES* * A total of 16 local Native American representatives were contacted; a sample letter is included in this report. 21 5/23/2014 David Singleton Native American Heritage Commission 915 Capitol Mall, RM 364 Sacramento, CA 95814 RE: Sacred Lands File Check & Native American Contacts List Request Dear Mr. Singleton: This is to request a records search of the Sacred Lands files. Pertinent information is provided below. Project: The Villas of La Quinta CRM TECH Contract No. 2813 County: Riverside USGS Quadrangle Name: I..a Qiiinta. Calif. 7.5' gijad. Section 6 ; Township 6 South Range 7 East ; SB BM (see attached map) Company: CRM TECH Contact Person: Nina Gallardo Address: 1016 E. Cooley Drive, Suite A/B, Colton, CA 92324 Phone: (909) 824-6400 Fax: (909) 824-6405 Email: ngallardo(a,crmtech.us Project Description: The project consists of a subterranean parking garagee,20,000 sglft of retail ground floor and 2 luxury condos above. Do not hesitate to contact us if you need more information or have any questions. Thank you for your assistance. NATIVE AMERICAN HERITAGE COMMISSION 1550 HatbW-Voulsvetd, Salts IN west Sacmmanto, CA 95M (919) 87"716 Fax (916) 3734M-n Web Sloe D8_n1n0@paebN1AW May 28, 2014 Ms. Nina Gallardo, RPA CRM TECH 1016 East Cooley Drive, Suite A/B Colton, CA 92324 Sent by FAX to: No. of Pages: 909-824-6405 4 RE- Sacred Lands File Search and Native American Contacts list for the "The Villas of La Qulnta;" located in the City of La Quinta; Coachella Valley; Riverside County, California Dear Ms. Gallardo; A record search of the NAHC Sacred Lands Inventory failed to Indicate the presence of Native American traditional sites/places of the Project site($) or'areas of Potential effect' (APES), submitted to this office. Note also hat the absence of archaeological features, Native American cultural resources does not preclude their existence at the subsurface level. In the 1985 Appellate Court decision (170 Cal App Td 604), the Court held that the NAHC has jurisdiction and special expertise, as a state agency, over affected Native American resources Impacted by proposed projects, including archaeological places of religious significance to Native Americans, and to Native American burial sites. When the project becomes public, please inform the Native American contacts as to the nature of the project (e.g. residential, renewable energy, infrastructure or other appropriate type). Attached is a list of Native American tribes, Native American Individuals or organizations that may have knowledge of cultural resources in or near the proposed project area (APE). As part of the consultation process, the NAHC recommends that local government and project developers contact the tribal governments and Native American individuals on the list in order to determine if the proposed action might impact any cultural places or sacred sites. If a response from those listed on the attachment is not received in two weeks of notification, the NAHC recommends that a follow-up telephone call be made to ensure the project information has been received. California Government Code Sections 65040.12(e) defines `environmental justice' to provide "fair treatment of people... with respect to the development, adoption, implementation, and enforcement of environmental laws, regulations and policies." Also, 900M 3HVH 06C9 d99 9T6 %d3 ZT:6T VTOZ/9Z/90 Executive Order B-10-11 requires that state agencies "consult with Native American tribes, their elected officials and other representatives of tribal governments in order to provide meaningful input into... the development of legislation, regulations, rules and policies on matter that may affect tribal communities." If you have any d additional information, please contact me at 900 (A DHVN OM l99 9T6 XVa ZT : tT VTOURZ/90 Cabazon Band of Mission Indians Doug Welmas, Chairperson 84-246 Indio Springs Cahuilla Indio , CA 022oa-3491; (760) 342-2593 (760) 347-7880 Fax Los Coyotes Band of Mission Indians Shane Chapparosa, Chairman P.O. Box 189 Cahullla Warner , CA 92086 (760) 782-0711 (760) 782-2701 - FAX Ramona Band of Cahuilla Mission Indians Joseph Hamilton, Chairman P.O. Box 391670 Cahuilia Anza J CA 92539 admin Oramonatribe_eom (961) 763-4105 (951) 763-4325 Fax Torres-Martlnez Desert Cahuilla Indians Mary Resvaloso, Chairperson PO Box 1160 Cahuilia Thermal , CA 92274 mresvaloso @torresmartinez. (760) 397-0300 (760) 397-8146 Fax Thle IM Is current ono► as Oft date of this doc+mnnR Native American Contacts Riverside County California May 28, 2014 Santa Rosa Band of Mission Indians John Marcus, Chairman P.O. Box 391820 Cahuilla Anza , CA 92539 (951) 659-2700 (951) 659-2228 Fax Augustine Band of Cahuilla Mission Indians Mary Ann Green, Chairperson P.O. Box 846 Cahuilla Coachella , CA 92236 (760) 398-4722 760-369-7161 - FAX Morongo Band of Mission Indians William Madrigal, Jr.,Cultural Resources Manager 12700 Pumarra Road Cahuilla Banning , CA 92220 Serrano (961) 201-1866 - cell wmadrigal @ morongo-nsn. gov (951) 572-6004 Fax Torres -Martinez Desert Cahuilla Indians Matthew Krystal, Cultural Resources Manager P.O. Boxt 1160 Cahuilla Thermal , CA 92274 mkrystal I @ tmdci-nsn.gov 760) 397-0300, (760) 409-2987- cell (760) 397-8146 Fax Distribution of thle Hat dace not mileve my person of tin vhftl cry responslbi ft s delhnd In Sacdan f00A,0 of tlra IlaaMh and aM+AY Cetle, Secllon 60 TA4 of On Public Rasounm Code and Section 54P.99 of the Public Raaouro Cody. This list s only applicable for contacting locative Amerleans with regard to cultural resources for the proposed The Villas of La Qulnte; located In the City of La QulrNs; Coachella valley; Riverside County, California for which a Sacred Lands File search and Native American Contacts list were requested, L0011 DH'VN 06C9 L99 9T6 Xd3 ZT:6T PTOZ/9Z/90 Native American Contacts Riverside County California May 28, 2014 Cabazon Band of Mission Indians Judy Stapp, Director of Culturall Affairs 84-245 Indio Springs Cahuilla Indio , CA 9M3-3499 (760) 342-2593 jstapp@ cabazonindians-nsn. gov (760) 347-7880 Fax Agua Catiente Band of Cahuilla Indians THPO Patricia Garcia, Tribal Historic Perservation Officer 5401 Dinah Shore Drive Cahuilla Palm Springs, CA 92264 ptuck@augacallente-nsn.gov (760) 699-6907 (760) 699-6924- Fax Augustine Band of Cahuilla Mission Indians Karen Kupcha P.O. Box 849 Cahuilla Coachella , CA 92236 (760) 398.4722 916-369-7161 - FAX Cahuilla Band of Indians Luther Salgado, Chairperson PO Box 391760 Cahuilla Anza , CA 92539 Chairman*cahuilla.net 760-763-5549 760-763-2631 - Tribal EPA This link h curm t only as of fha daft d Ohl* dan umrlt Ernest H. Siva Morongo Band of Mission Indians Tribal Eider 9570 Was Canyon Road Serrano Banning , CA 92220 Cahuilla elva@dishmall.net (951) 849-4676 Clsbrtbutlon of tAfs flat dons not miieve any person of the stetdofy noponelitift as defined In Ssdlon 7OU of 11M N*Wlh and Sal* Code. SmAlon 6007.94 of the Public Resaumes Cods and Seedon OW-98 of th■ Public Resources Cede. This; list a only applicable for contacting locative Annerlcans with regard to cultural resources for the proposed The villas of La Quints; located In the City of La Quirlte; Coachella Valley; Riverside County, California for which a Sacred Lands File search and Native American Contacts list were requested. 900pi DHdN OM L99 9T6 XVA ZT:bT 6TOZ/99A0 May 29, 2014 Shane Chapparosa, Spokesperson Los Coyotes Band of Mission Indians P.O. Box 189 Warner, CA 92086 RE: The Villas at Old Town Project Approximately 3.4 Acres in the City of La Quinta Riverside County, California CRM TECH Contract #2813A Dear Mr. Chapparosa: CRM TECH will be conducting a historical/archaeological resources technical study under CEQA for the Villas at Old Town Project in the City of La Quinta, Riverside County, California. The project area encompasses approximately 3.4 acres of land located along the south side of Calle Tampico, east of Desert Club Drive (APNs 770-123-011 and 770-124-010). The project entails a multi -use development including 20,000 sq. ft. of retail buildings on the ground floor with luxury condos above them, along with streets improvements, a subterranean parking garage, and a surface parking lot. The accompanying map, based on the USGS La Quinta, Calif., 7.5' quadrangle, depicts the location of the project area in Section 6, T6S R7E, SBBM. In a letter dated May 28, 2014, the Native American Heritage Commission reports that the sacred lands record search identified no Native American cultural resources within the project area, but recommends that local Native American groups be contacted for further information. Therefore, as part of the cultural resources study for this project, I am writing to request your input on potential Native American cultural resources in or near the project area. According to records on file at the Eastern Information Center, located on the campus of the University of California, Riverside, three historical sites were previously recorded within the project area, consisting of two multi -family residences and a single-family residence. Outside of the project area but within a one -mile radius, eighteen prehistoric sites and seven isolates have been recorded. The sites consist mainly of ceramic and lithic scatters, bedrock milling features, hearths, and several human burials. The closest of these, Site 33-012404, was located about 0.25 mile south of the project area and consists of ceramics, hearth pits, and habitation debris. Additionally, 27 historic - period sites have been recorded within the one -mile radius, consisting mostly of residential and commercial buildings. A systematic field survey of the project area on May 28, 2014, encountered no potential historical/archaeological resources within or adjacent to the project area, and the previously recorded buildings in the project area are no longer present. Please respond at your earliest convenience if you have any specific knowledge of sacred/religious sites or other sites of Native American traditional cultural value within or near the project area that need to be taken into consideration as part of the cultural resources investigation. Any information or concerns may be forwarded to CRM TECH by telephone, e-mail, facsimile, or standard mail. Requests for documentation or information we cannot provide will be forwarded to our client and/or the lead agency, which is the City of La Quinta for CEQA-compliance purposes. We would also like to clarify that CRM TECH, as the cultural resources consultant for the project, is not the appropriate entity to initiate government -to -government consultations. Thank you for the time and effort in addressing this important matter. Respectfully, Nina Gallardo CRM TECH Email: ngallardo@crmtech.us Encl.: project area map May 30, 201.4 Nina Gallardo CRM TECH 101E E. Cooley Drive, Suite A/B Colton, CA 92324 Re.: The Villas at Old Town Project Approximately 3.4 Acres in the City of La Quinta Riverside County, California CRM TECH Contract #2813A Dear Ms. Gallardo: Thank you for contacting the Cabazon Band of Mission Indians concerning cultural resource information relative to the above referenced project. The project is located outside of the Tribe's current reservation boundaries. The Tribe has no specific archival information on the site indicating that it may be a sacred/religious site or other site of Native American traditional cultural value. The Cabazon Band will defer to the Torres Martinez Band of Desert Cahuilla Indians for further consultation. We look forward to continued collaboration in the preservation of cultural resources or areas of traditional cultural importance. Best regards, Judy Stapp Director of Cultural Affairs irFA FS a MF®RI Mail 5 k, BETE 21471ffl — _ i 84-245 INDIO SPRINGS PARKWAY • INDIO, CALIFORNIA 92203-3499 • (760) 342-2593 FAX (760) 347-7880 w OF oil '►►TV June 4, 2014 Nina Gallardo CRM TECH 1016 E. Cooley Drive, Suite A/B Colton, CA 92324• Re.: The Villas at Old Town Project Approximately 3.4 Acres in the City of La Quinta Riverside County, California CRM TECH Contract #2813A Dear Ms, Gallardo: Thank you for contacting the Cabazon Band of Mission Indians concerning cultural resource information relative to the above referenced project. The project is located outside of the Tribe's current reservation boundaries. The Tribe has no specific archival information on the site indicating that it may be a sacred/religious site or other site of Native American traditional cultural value within the project area, but we request that an archaeologist be present during any future ground disturbing activities due to the likelihood of finding previously unknown cultural resources. We look forward to continued collaboration in the preservation of cultural resources or areas of traditional cultural importance, Best regards, `} Judy Stapp Director of Cultural Affairs � M1 TAA At F, TA CA ME Z SIEWEE 84-245 INDIO SPRINGS PARKWAY • INDIO, CALIFORNIA 92203-3499 • (760) 342-2593 FAX (760) 347-7880 AQUA CALIENTE BAND OF CAHUILLA INDIANS 1;:1yA1, 1'11S 1.!R Pf- �,Ft-' a � 1, '1 03-003 o14-nos June 17, 2014 [VIA EMAIL TO:ngallardo@crmtech.us] CRM TECH Ms. Nina Gallardo 1016 E. Cooley Drive, Suite A/B Colton, CA 92324 Re: The Villas at Old Town Dear Ms. Nina Gallardo, The Agua Caliente Band of Cahuilla Indians (ACBCI) appreciates your efforts to include the Tribal Historic Preservation Office (THPO) in the The Villas at Old Town project. The project area is not located within the boundaries of the ACBCI Reservation. However, it is within the Tribe's Traditional Use Area (TUA). A records check of the ACBCI registry identified previous surveys in the area that were positive for the presence of cultural resources. For this reason, the ACBCI THPO requests the folllowing: *Copies of any cultural resource documentation (report and site records) generated in connection with this project. *The presence of an approved Native American Cultural Resource Monitor(s) during any ground disturbing activities (including archaeological testing and surveys). Should buried cultural deposits be encountered, the Monitor may request that destructive construction halt and the Monitor shall notify a Qualified Archaeologist (Secretary of the Interior's Standards and Guidelines) to investigate and, if necessary, prepare a mitigation plan for submission to the State Historic Preservation Officer and the Agua Caliente Tribal Historic Preservation Office. Again, the Agua Caliente appreciates your interest in our cultural heritage. If you have questions or require additional information, please call me at (760)699-6829. You may also email me at keskew@aguacaliente.net. Cordially, AGUA CAIIEh-TE RAna OF CAHUILLA MIAMI TRIBAL KISTOMIC PRESENYATION •l�e.�„ .PAL-.,', 03-003-2014-005 fix. 45c� Katie Eskew Archaeologist Tribal Historic Preservation Office AGUA CALIENTE BAND OF CAHUILLA INDIANS 5401 DINAH So-soRE DAIvt. PALM SPRINra. GA 92204 7 7QAi 69916490D f 76Q 6S9,6024 WWW Ar VACALIENTE NAN GOY AUGUSTINE BALD OF CAHUILLA INDIANS P.O. Box 846 - Coachella, CA 92236 - (760) 398-4722 - Fax (760) 398-4252 Tribal Chairperson: MaryAnn Green June 19, 2014 Nina Gallardo CRM Tech 1016 E. Cooley Drive, Suite A/B Colton, CA 92324 RE: The Villas at Old Town Project (La Quinta, CA) Dear Ms. Gallardo: Thank you for the opportunity to offer input concerning the development of the above - identified project. We appreciate your sensitivity to the cultural resources that may be impacted by your project, and the importance of these cultural resources to the Native American peoples that have occupied the land surrounding the area of your project for thousands of years. Unfortunately, increased development and lack of sensitivity to cultural resources has resulted in many significant cultural resources being destroyed or substantially altered and impacted. Your invitation to consult on this project is greatly appreciated. At this time We are unaware of specific cultural resources that may be affected by the proposed project. We encourage you to contact other Native American Tribes and individuals within the immediate vicinity of the project site that may have specific information concerning cultural resources that may be located in the area. We also encourage you to contract with a monitor who is qualified in Native American cultural resources identification and who is able to be present on -site full-time during the pre - construction and construction phase of the project. Please notify us immediately should you discover any cultural resources during the development of this project. Very truly yours, Augustine Band of Cahuilla Indians VWV& Mary Ann Green Tribal Chairperson BY:. a ..................... J01