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BRES2014-1061 Geotechnical Report5'AH ? 0 6 �,-v,. RECEIVED JUL 18 2014 CITY OF LA QUINTA j COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT .GEOTECHNICAL. ENGINEERING REPORT DESERT LAKE � v r • PALM DESERT, CALIFORNIA BUILDING OF. LA QUINTA & SAF E-Iy DEPT. APPR VED FOR CON RUCTION DATE PREPARED FO STUART ENTERPRISES, LTD_ THIS DOCUMENT WAS ISSUED PREVIOUSLY AND MAY NOT REFLECT CURRENT SITE COMIDATIONIS ANJIOR STANDARDS OF GEOTECHNICAL PRA=;TICE. 'THE CONTEl,ITS OF THE DOCti;: E'.iT S<�C)I;s iJ -JOT BE USED OR. HELIED'.UPON' WITHOUT A REVIEW BY QUALIFIED PROFESSIONALS. (Init.) (Date) EARTH SYSTEMS CONSULTANTS B7 -1405—P1 NOVEMBER 2, 1989 j ena Engineers, Inca AN EARTH SYSTEMS, INC. COMPANY 79-811 B COUNTRY CLUB DRIVE • BERMUDA DUNES, CALIFORNIA 92201 • PHONE (619) 345-1588 • FAX (619) 345-7315 November 2, 1989 Stuart Enterprises, Ltd. 9525 Wilshire Boulevard - Suite 611 Beverly Hills, California 90212 Attention: Woody Stewart Project: Desert Lake La Quinta, California Subject: Geotechnical Engineering Report 87-14.05-P 1 89-10-631 Presented herewith is our Geotechnical Engineering Report prepared for the proposed residential development to be located in La Quinta, California. This report incorporates the tentative information supplied to our office and in. accordance with the request, recommendations for general site development and foundation design are provided. This report was prepared to stand as a whole, and no part of the report should be excerpted or used to exclusion of any other part. This report completes our scope of services in accordance with our agreement. Other services which may be required, such as plan review and grading observation are additional services and will be billed according to the Fee Schedule in effect at the time services are provided. Please contact the undersigned if there are any questions concerning this report or the recommendations included herein. Respectfully submitted, BUENA ENGINEERS, INC- Reviewed an t R. Layne Richins Staff Geologist �? K R. G� m o. C 041210 331-81 Joseph R. �L Civil.Engine o, - CAU ��P Brett L. Anderson Project. Engineer RLR/BLA/JRV/rcl HD/SER/Copies: 6 -Stuart Enterprises, Ltd. 01=0111 IIIA III IAIMC�.-.- 1- P_S.File 1-VTAFile n�\Ir rrri. �rvrr.�� \Ir�IT11flA :j TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION--------------------------------------. :..._... - -- - - - 1 PURPOSE AND SCOPE OF WORK --------------------------------------------------------------- 1 SITE DESCRIPTION ------------ ----------------------------------- ---- ---- -------- 2 FIELD EXPLORATION ---------------------------------------- -- - -- ----- - --= - - - --= -- -- 2 .LABORATORY TESTING----------------- -----------•------------------- - SOILCONDITIONS---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4 GROUNDWATER-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4 REGIONALGEOLOGY ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 5 LOCAL GEOLOGY------------------------------- ..------- = --- = - - -- - - - -- - 5 DescriptiveGeology -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 5 Structural Geology ........:..... GEOLOGIC HAZARDS ............................. ----------- -------- ------ ------------- 6 Primary------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 6 Secondary---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------_- 8 Non -Seismic --------------------------------- - - - ----- --- - ----- - ------._..._ 8 CONCLUSIONS AND DISCUSSIONS --------------------- 9 SITE DEVELOPMENT AND GRADING------------------------------------------------------ 10 Site Development - Grading---------------- ----------- •-------------------------------- 11 Site Development - Slope Stability ------------------------------------------------- 13 Site Development - General-------------------------------------------------------------- . 13 Excavations---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -..... 15 Traf f i c Areas ---- ----------------------------------------- •------ ------ ------------------------•-- 15 UtilityTrenches -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 17 STRUCTURES-----------------------------=------------------------------------------------------------- 17 Foundations-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 17 Slabs -on -Grade------------- ---- - -- = -- -- - -------------- ---- - - --- --- ----- 18 Settlement Considerations---------------------------------------------------------------- 19 Frictional and Lateral Coefficients --------------------------•----------------------_- 19 Expansion-----------------•------------------------------------------------------------------------ 20 AdditionalServices--------------------------------------------------------------------------- 20 LIMITATIONS AND UNIFORMITY OF CONDITIONS -------------------------- :------ 21 REFERENCES------------------------------------------------------------=------------------------------- 23 APPENDIX A Site and Vicinity Map Logs of Borings APPENDIX B Summary of Test Resul is Table 29-A APPENDIX C Standard Grading Specifications } November 2, 19.89 INTRODUCTION 877-1405-Pl� 89-10-831 This Geotechnical Engineering Report has been prepared for the proposed residential development to be located in La Quinta, California. A. it is assumed the proposed residential structures will be of lightweight one (1) or two (2) story construction. It is also assumed that the buildings will be supported by normal continuous or pad footings. B.. Structural considerations for residential column loads of .up to 20 kips and a maximum wall loading of 2.O kips per linear foot were used as a basis for recommendations related to the construction of the residential buildings. C. These are estimated values since foundation plans were not available at the time of .production of this report. If design loading is to exceed these assumed values, it will be necessary to reevaluate the given recommendations. D. All loading is assumed to be dead plus reasonable live load. PURPOSE AND SCOPE OF WORK The purpose of our services was to. evaluate the site soil conditions, and to provide conclusions and recommendations relative to the site and the proposed development. The scope of work includes the following: A. A geologic reconnaissance of the site. B. Shallow subsurface exploration by drilling. C.- ''Laboratory testing., of - selected soil samples. obtained from the exploratory borings drilled for this project. D. Review of selected technical literature pertaining to the site. E. Evaluation of field and laboratorydata relative to soil conditions. F. Engineering analysis of the data obtained from the exploration and testing programs. G. A summary of our findings and recommendations in written report. 0 November 2, 1.989 -2- B7 -1405=P.1 89=10-831 Contained In This. Report Are: A. - Discussions on regional and local geologic and soil.conditions. B. Graphic and/or tabulated. results of laboratory tests and field studies. C_ Discussions and recommendations relative to allowable foundation bearing capacity, recommendations for foundation design, estimated total and differential. settlements, lateral earth pressures, site grading criteria, geologic and seismic hazards. Not Contained In This Report: A. This report does not address the potential presence of hazardous materials in any manner. SITE DESCRIPTION The site of the proposed project is located on the west end of Avenue 58, south and west of Lake Cahuilla in La Quinta, California. A. The site of the proposed development is currently vacant with scattered desert brush, short grass, weeds, cactus and debris. B. The property has an overall slope to the east. C. The base of the Santa Rosa Mountains form the south and west edge of the site. D. The existing Riverside County aggregate pit occupies the eastern edge of the site. FIELD EXPLORATION Exploratory borings wvere drilled for observing the soil profile and obtaining. samples for further analysis. November 2, 1989 -3- B7-1405-Pi 69-10-831 A. Ten (10) borings were drilled for soil profiling and sampling to a maximum depth of twenty-six (26) feet below the existing ground surface. The borings were drilled on May 5, 1989, using an eight (8) inch diameter hollow -stem .auger powered by a CME 45-B drilling rig. Alternately, eight (8)'inch diameter continuous flight augers were used. The approximate boring locations as indicated on the attached plan in Appendix A, were determined by pacing and sighting from existing streets and topographic features. The boring locations should be considered accurate only to the degree implied by the method used. B. Samples were secured within the borings with a two and one-half (2.5) inch diameter ring. sampler (ASTM D 3550, shoe_ similar to ASTM D 1586). The samples were obtained by driving the sampler with a one hundred forty (140.) pound hammer; .dropping thirty (30)..inches. The number of blows required to drive the sampler one foot was recorded. Recovered soil samples were sealed in containers and returned to the laboratory for further classification and testing. C. Bulk disturbed samples of the soils were obtained from. cuttings developed during excavation of.the test borings. The bulk samples were secured for classification purposes and represent a mixture of soils within the noted depths. D. The final logs represent our interpretation of the contents of the field logs, and the results of the laboratory observations and tests of the field samples. The final logs are included in the appendix A of this report. The stratification lines represent the approximate boundaries between soil types although the transitions may be gradual. LABORATORY TESTING After a visual and tactile classification in the field, samples were returned to the laboratory, classifications were checked, and a testing program was established. A. Samples were reviewed along with field logs to,determine which would be further analyzed. Those chosen were considered as representative of soil which would be exposed and/or used in grading and those deemed within building influence. November 2,. 1989 -4= 137-1405-P] 89-10-831 B. In-situ moisture' content and unit dry weights for the. core samples were developed in accordance with ASTM D2937. C. The relative strength characteristics of. the subsurface soils were determined from the results of direct shear tests. Specimens were placed in .contact with water at least twenty-four (24) hours before testing, and were then sheared under normal loads ranging from 0.5 to 2.0 KSF. D. Classification tests consisted of: Expansion Index (UBC Standard No. 29-2), Maximum Density -Optimum. Moisture (ASTM D 1557), and Hydrometer Analysis (California Test Method 203). E. Refer to Appendix B for tabular and graphic representation of the test results. SOIL CONDITIONS As determined by the borings, site soils were found to consist primarily of fine to coarse sands with gravel. The boring logs in Appendix A contain'a more detailed description of the soils encountered. A. The soils were found to be fairly firm with relatively high blowcounts and* the majority of the in-place densities indicating relative compaction near or above ninety (90) percent of maximum density. B. The soils were found to be very dry throughout. C. Cobbles and boulders were encountered throughout the site. D. Clay and silt contents of the soils exhibit low plasticity. Expansion tests indicate soils to be in the "very low" to "low" expansion category in accordance with Table 29-A in Appendix 8 of this report. Refer to section F of the structures section for specific explanations and requirements dealing with expansive soil. . E. Refer to Appendix B for tabular and graphic representation of the test. GROUNDWATER Free groundwater was not encountered in any of the borings. The depth to groundwater in the area is generally in excess of one hundred. (100) feet. Fluctuations in. groundwater levels may occur due to variations in rainfall, temperature and other factors. November 2, 1989 -57 87-1405-P 1 89-10-831 REGIONAL GEOLOGY The project site is.located in the western Coachella.Valley near the base of the Santa Rosa Mountains. The. Coachella Valley is part of the tectonically active Salton Basin. The basin is a closed, internally draining trough that has. been filled with a complex series of continental clastic materials during Pleistocene and Holocene time (Van de Camp, 1973). The San Andreas rift zone dominates the geology of the Coachella. Valley. The Banning and. Mission Creek faults, which are parts of the San Andreas system are responsible for earthquakes recently felt in the Coachella Valley. Other regional faults that have produced events felt in the Coachella Valley are the San Jacinto, Imperial and Elsinore faults -(see figures 1 & 2). Based upon the historical . and prehistoric record; the Coachella Valley segment of the San Andreas fault system is likely to generate a magnitude seven (7.0) or greater earthquake within the next fifty (50) years. The potential for a. magnitude seven (7.0) earthquake within the next fifty (50) years is estimated by Seih (1985) as "High" (507-90%). The San Jacinto fault is considered the most active fault in Southern California. it has produced four (4) magnitude six (6.0) earthquakes .in the past eighty. bight years. Therefore, we have selected the San Andreas and San Jacinto faults as the design faults for this particular project. LOCAL GEOLOGY Site development is proposed in the alluvial fan area and in and around the foothill area of the property. Li thol ogi c units observed on-site consist of Mesozoic Granitic rocks, in the hill areas and Quaternary Alluvium throughout the site. A. Descriptive Geol oqu: On-site lithologic units are described as follows: I. Mesozoic Granitics -gr Orange brown to gray brown, coarse grained, ranging in composition from granite to diorite. Some areas exhibit a gneissic texture that has been intruded by thin (3-61") non-ma.fic dikes. Outcrops are highly weathered, with the gneissic texture striking generally ina northerly direction and dip slightly. (less than 15°) to the northwest. u�• u6' 32• Base map of southern California region with major. faults' Fault Map of. Southern California Figure 1 1. BUENA ENGINEERS, INC. Jl ri Y /� T t..i � 1 � � � � � l 1 / 7 n n �. ♦ ' 1927 (6) °Bishop .\\, \1 � 1-,\Lone Pine \ \� ,V ° Tu/ore A 1946 (6.3) 1% °Chino Lok- Bokers/ield° 4 \ 1952(7.7,6.416.1,6.1) *Scher Mojore 1947 (6 2) -= °Sonlo /dorio 1916 (6) °Sorslow\ _ __----,Gormcn — —�. — Po/m do/e ��Sonlo�Goro 1941(6.0) 1925 (1986 63) �� 1971(6.4) / _ _ °SonSe\'ordino o o�Los f•`age/e -7- 1948(6.5) • 19 2 3 W/4) #:.SITE 1918 (6.8; ec,'f/radio 1933 (6.3) o \`\ 1937(6.0) 1954(6.2) as ° �r 1968 (6.4) "orr qo 0 _ row/ty F J 1942(6.5) __\1 ° 1940(67) N 1915(61/4,61/4 Son D%yo -s umc /der;co/r 1934(6.5)\ 1034(7.1) 1915 (7.1) J 1935(6.0) 0 /00 Miles 1956(6.8,6.1,6.3,6.4) e•�.�-� EnsenoCo 0 /00 200 Kms. Y 1940(6.0) 1954 (6.3 6.01---------------------------- Earth .Quakes of magnitude 5-9 and Scinmic Epicenter Map of greater in the Southern California Southern California Region, 1912 — 1972 (including the Figure 2 North Palm Springs Earthquake). From Nileman et al (1973) BUENA ENGINEERS, INC. nATF- /n - a . -R4 1 cii c un ri7_rEn.0-vl November 2, 1989 -6- B7 -1405-P i .89-10-831 2. Ouarternary Alluvium -Qa Orange brown to gray-bro.wvn, unconsolidated sand, silt and gravels deposited by .fluvial process. These deposits are, generally, slightly consolidated to loose, slightly. silty fine to coarse sand with gravel. and cobbles to twenty-four (24) inches. B. Structural Geology: The subject property is located at the Mountains. This portion of the mountains intrusions that have undergone subsequent metamorphism. base -of the Santa Rosa is the result of granitic periods of deformation and Deformation of the granitic rocks found on-site has imparted a gneissic texture observed in some local outcrops. As stated previously, the gneissic texture strikes generally in a northern direction and dips gently to the northwest. Jointing is randomly oriented, dipping near vertical. No active or potentially active faults are.mapped in or around the site. The San Andreas Fault Zone is the closest active. fault to the project and is located approximately nine and nine -tenths (9.9) of a mile to the northeast. Figure 3 shows the project site in relation to local geologic features. GEOIOG I C HAZARDS A. Primary Seismic Hazards: Primary seismic geologic hazards that may affect any property in the seismically active southern California region include ground rupture and strong ground motion. Fault Rupture: a. The project site is not located in an_q Alqui.st-Priolo Special Study Zones. Nor are any active faults mapped through or adjacent to the project area. At the time of drilling, no surface expression of faulting was observed. •PN - •0`�1••-4l_ _ `..7� �.' -� 1 �•�_ _ i Y�Cr i •'r .1•:' -_;; `-��Y ?��r_r. - / '. - `f ell.' =�` I - 'I- \'' �. `) \' -�'�\ "•��% `� %`-� '�` ---_ `.F�.'\9`C•0 '` �.:��_--'-� .'\.-.�. � . 1, -•_ _r -�r17 ir { •`} '-J=c 1��': �• a '_ r/••••- --" . �. 0� tip, .%, ..•?_ �''� Y �i �J.'+1� r .C:' ^�= . S' �. �. =� el AUL -4 i? -4'70, N -ir .. •i• •a ... �?I.� •1 N,\_.^.41.1t �1-�Y �. 'f '� >1,. _ f-5 C qp rte• CC i Rt.' •-J .••�'-.�i,-\_ ••i• -•{C Z'�'' �- e's J� C: i c-'�\` . .... '•��: ' _ •tom ,��dc .'• ,r- �\ \\�.. ,•��� '�' `u t`a� EA -:_s \ .,.- '1 �'•-/.�•: <_. "SANf) (-Z J. r� C_Sr, � r __fir' _.l___ - :s - ja' •� :1 _ . � :/.�:7v`1 "!k` -may_ _ -m :.' _•' 1 '::. T. : t. �;`:. � _ 1• _ - •��:: .<�'.]r.?� I. 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I - - . . - -- - ' _.. - ..- /1-1 Mdvember 2, 1989 -7- B7-1405-P1 89-i0-831 b. Some features that could be interpreted as faults were observed in the rock outcrops on-site. However, these fault features are associated with the metamorphic deformation of the granitic rocks during Mesozoic Times. in other words, the features are too old to be considered as active faults and, thus, do not pose a hazard to development. c. Fault rupture would. most likely occur along. previously established traces. However, fault rupture may occur at other locations not previously mapped. 2. Ground Shaking: a. Strong ground motion is the seismic hazard most likely to affect the site during the life of the intended structures. Using methods developed by Seed and. I dri ss (1982), the following table was compiled for anticipated accelerations which may be experienced during an earthquake at the project site. TABLE 1 Esti rated Maximum Maximum Repeatable -Approximate Design* Acceleration Acceleration Ground Distance to Fault Earthquake in Rock in Soil** Accelerations Project Site San Andreas 7.5 .43g .34g .22g 9.9 mi San Jacinto 6.5 .23g .20g .13g 13.0 mi Richter Magnitude Deep Cohesi onl ess -Soils b. Groundshaking characteristics will vary from low frequency with high amplitudes -in the alluvial soils to high frequency low amplitudes in the rock areas of the site. Duration of shaking could be from fifteen (15) to thirty-five (35) seconds. The site is mapped in Riverside County. Ground Shaking Zone IIIA, and IIIB. Both Ground Shaking Zones are based on distance from caustive fault's and soil types. November 2, 1989 C Secondary Seismic Hazards: M B7 -1405-P1 89-10-831 Secondary seismic geologic hazards that may affect the project site area include subsidence, liquefaction, seismicly-induced slope failure and ground lurching. a. Subsidence, whether seismically related or not, is considered a potential hazard in this area. Historic records report significant episodes of subsidence in the La Quinta area due to seismic forces and/or heavy rain fall and flooding. b. Liquefaction. is the loss of soil strength as q result of ani increase in pore grater pressure due to cyclic seismic loading. Conditions for liquefaction include relatively high water table (within 40' of surface), low relative densities of the saturated soils and susceptibility of the soil to liquefy based on. grain size. Our research indicates water is at depths greater than one hundred (100) feet below the surface. Also, the project is not located in the Riverside County Liquefaction Study Zone. c. Due to the competency of the bedrock materials, the potential for deep seated slope failure is considered low. However, localized failure may result in areas of unsupported foliations and joints exposed by grading. d. The rock slopes around. the project. are littered with loose cobbles and boulders imbedded in thin surficial soils. Development adjacent to the rock slopes could be impacted by downslope movement of said rocks. In. addition, grading may disturb or expose more cobbles and boulders, thus, increasing the potential hazard of downslope rock movement. e. Ground lurching is generally associated with fault rupture. Because of the sites distance from any known "active' faults, the possibility of ground lurching affecting the site is considered low. Non -Seismic Hazards: Other geologic hazards that could affect the project site include landslides, flooding and erosion. a. No evidence of past landsliding was observed at the site nor are any known landslides mapped in or around the project site. The subject property is composed of moderately to steeply sloping rock slopes that lead to coalescing alluvial fans. . November 2, 1989 -9- 87-1405-P 1 89-10-831 b. Flooding and erosion are always a consideration in.arid regions. On-site, the erosion rate is affected by the active uplift of regional faults, relatively soft rock units, sparse vegetation and seasonal rains. c. The Coachella Vallley averages four (4) inches of rain per year. When large amounts of rain occur suddenly, the surface alluvium becomes saturated and prevents further infiltration of the rains. The result is surface runoff and sheet flow drainage on slopes toward gullies and washes. In addition, desert pavement (a process where a crust is formed on the alluvial surface) adds to the "sealing" off of the alluvium surface; thus -increasing runoff. d: Generally, erosion in the desert can be reduced by minimizing soil disturbances and diverting seasonal runoff from areas of high potential erosion. On-site erosion may be reduced by diverting runoff from the hill area and the large drainages to the north of the project. CONCLUSIONS AND DISCUSSIONS Based on a review of a selected technical literature and site investigations, it is our opinion than the site is suitable for the intended development provided it is designed around the noted geologic hazards. The following is a summary of our conclusions and professional opinions based on the data obtained. Recompaction of soil will be required to limit settlement and improve bearing capacity. A. The primary geologic hazard relative to site development is severe ground shaking from earthquakes originating on nearby faults. The site is located in Southern California which is an active seismic area. In our opinion, a major seismic event originating on either the San Andreas or San Jacinto fault zone would be the most likely cause of significant earthquake actvity at the site within the estimated design life of the proposed development. B. Settlement due to seismic factors or flooding is a potential hazard in the La Ouinta area. Only areas of alluvial soils will be affected. C. Downslope movement of rock* materials is a *potential hazard to development adjacent to native rock slopes and in hill areas subject to grading. November 2, 1989 -10- B7 -1405-P 1 89-10-831 D. Areas of alluvial soils may be susceptible to erosion. Preventative measures to minimize seasonal flooding and erosion should be incorporated into site grading. E. Fluvial erosion may affect the site during construction. F. Other hazards including liquefaction, landslides and tsunamis are considered negligible. G. The potential transition nature of many lots along the south and west. portions of the site is a major consideration in site grading. Because differential settlement between fill material and*cut soils or bedrock is inevitable, all footings should be founded entirely on either fill soils, cut soils or bedrock. H. It is our opinion that the upper native. soil will not provide uniform support for the proposed structure without the recommended sitework. To decrease the potential for consolidation and to provide a more uniform and firm bearing support for the proposed structures, we recommend constructing recompacted soil mats beneath all foundations .and slabs -on -grade. It is recommended that any permanent structure constructed on the site be designed to at least minimum requirements for Seismic Zone 4 based on the latest edition of the Uniform Building Code. J. Adherence to the following grading recommendations is necessary to mitigate potential settlement problems due to seismic forces, heavy rainfall, flooding and the weight of the intended structure. SITE DEVELOPMENT AND GRADING Prior to any construction operations, areas to be graded should be cleaned of vegetation and _other deleterious materials. Appendix C, "Standard Grading Specifications" contains specific suggestions for removal and disposal of deleterious substances and, as such, forms a part of these Site Development and Grading Recommendations. November 2, 1989 - i i - B7 -1405-P 1 89-10-831 A. Site Development - Grading Site grading should be visually checked by Buena. Engineers, Inc., or their representative prior to placement of fill. Local variations in soil conditions may warrant increasing the depth of. recompaction and/or overexcavation. Prior to site grading any existing structures, stumps, roots, foundations, pavements, leachfields, uncompacted fill, trash piles and any abandoned underground utilities should be removed from the proposed building and paving areas. The top surface should be stripped of all organic growth and along with other debris be removed from the site. 2. Depressions resulting from these removals should have debris and loose soil removed and be filled with suitable fill soils adequately compacted. No compacted fill should be placed unless the underlying soil has been observed by Buena Engineers, Inc. 3. In order to help minimize potential settlement problems associated with structures supported on a non-uniform thickness of compacted fill, Buena Engineers, Inc. should be consulted for site grading recommendations relative to backfilling large and/or deep depressions resulting from removal under item one above. In general, all proposed construction should be supported by a uniform thickness of compacted soil. 4. The grading of transition lots should be. evaluated for individual lots. The amount and depth of cuts and fills will determine whether it is more economical to overexcavate the cut portion of the lot or extend footings through the fill. Regardless footings should bear entirely compacted fillsoils, compacted cut soil or bedrock. 5. Testing shop^red soils are fairly firm but dry. Soils of this type can be susceptible to consolidation when water is added at the in:- situ n-situ conditions. Also, to control differential settlement and to produce a more uniform bearing condition, foundations should bear entirely on compacted soils or bedrock. Therefore, recompaction of the bearing soils is recommended. Compaction is to be verified by testing. November 2, 1989 -12- 87-1405-P 1 89-10-831 6. Due to the granular nature of the site soils, -it is expected that compaction may be obtained to a depth of three (3) to four (4) feet by heavily - watering and compacting from the surface. 7. Building areas to receive more than one (1) foot of fill should be moistened to above optimum moisture to a depth of three (3) feet below original grade or the bottom of footings, whichever is greater. The exposed surface should be compacted so that at least ninety (90) percent of maximum density is obtained to a depth of two (2) feet below original grade or the bottom of footings, whichever is greater. Fill material should then be placed in eight (8) inch layers in a loose condition at or near optimum moisture and compacted to a minimum of ninety (90) percent of maximum density. 6. Building areas to receive less than one (1) foot of fill and building areas that are in cut areas, should be moistened to at or above optimum moisture to a depth of three (3) feet below the bottom of the footings. The exposed surface should be compacted so that a minimum of ninety (90) percent of maximum density is obtained to a depth of two (2) feet below the bottom of the footings. The intent is to have at least two (2) feet of soil compacted to a minimum of ninety (90) percent of maximum density compose the building pad beneath the footings and to have an additional foot of moisture penetration. Compaction is to be confirmed by testing. 9. These grading requirements apply to building areas and at least five (5) feet beyond building limits. 10. Auxiliary structures including freestanding or retaining walls shall have the existing soils beneath the structure processed as per items seven (7), eight (8) and nine (9) above. The grading requirements apply to three (3) feet beyond the face of the walls. If plans for auxiliary structures and walls are provided for our review, these recommendations may be revised. Ndvember 2, 1989 -13- "B7 -1405 -PI .69-10-831 r C_ 11. it is anticipated that during grading a loss of ap'proximately one tenth (A) of a foot due to stripping, and, a shrinkage factor of approximately ten (10) to fifteen (15) percent for the upper three (3)* feet of soil, may be used for. quantity calculations. This 'is based on compactive effort needed to produce an average degree of compaction of approximately ninety-three (93) to ninety-four (94) percent and may vary depending on - contractor 'methods. Subsidence is estimated between two-tenths -(.2) to three -tenths (3) of a foot. Site Development - Slope Stability 1. Cut slopes in the rock. areas should be stable if constructed to a one and one-half to one (1 1/2:1), horizontal to vertical, maximum slope angle and cut less than twenty (20) feet in vertical height. However, to ease maintenance of* the slopes, a more shallow dipping slope may be desirable. If a steeper or higher slope is needed, a geologic review of the specific location is necessary before construction. 2. Fill slopes should be stable if built to a two to one (2:1), horizontal to vertical, minimum slope angle and . built no higher than twenty (20) feet. Fill slopes can either be overfilled and trimmed back or compacted mechanicaly from the surface. 3. Drainage across fill or cut slopes should be limited to prevent erosion. Rock cut slopes. are susceptible to erosion because of their weathered condition. Drainage should be diverted from L to appropriate drainage collection devices that empty into -the site storm drainage system. 4. Downslope movement of rocks on native slopes adjacent to development is a potential hazard. The hazard can be mitigated by removal of the rocks, deflection fences or brow ditches. Site Development - General The following general requirements listed in this section are superceded by the recommendations in the -Grading" section A above. November 2, 1989 -14- 87-1405-P 1 89-10-831. 2. Previously removed soils, once cleaned of rocks larger than eight (8).inches in greatest dimension,.and other deleterious material, may be placed in thin. layers and mechanically compacted back to . finish grade. 3. Import soil used to raise site grades should be equal to or better than on-site .soil in strength,. expansion, and compressibility characteristics. Import soil may be prequalified by Buena Engineers, Inc. Comments on the characteristics of import will be given after the material is on the project, either in-place or in stockpiles of adequate quantity to complete the project. 4. Fill and backfill should be compacted to the minimum of ninety (90) percent of maximum dry density obtained by the ASTM U 1557 test method. 5. Areas around the structures should be graded so that drainage is positive and away from the structures. Gutters and down spouts should be considered as a way to convey water out of the foundation area. Water should not be allowed to pond on or near pavement sections. 6. Added moisture within previously compacted fill could result in a number of reactions at the surface depending upon the amount of `moisture increase,. the in-place density of the soil, in-situ moisture content and soil type. Although the soil could in reality be expanding,. collapsing, moving laterally due to the phenomenon "creep", the result is usually movement and will most likely manifest itself visually in structural slabs and street areas as cracks, (horizontal, lateral or vertical displacement). 7. The apparent cure to the problem is to not introduce excess moisture into fill material once in place. To help minimize increased moisture into the fill material, site drainage and landscape is critical. Site drainage should be in the form of roof gutter, concrete brow ditcher, ribbon gutters and gutters, storm drain and other drainage devices.. Landscaping should be such that water is not allowed to pond. Additionally, care should be taken so as not to over water landscaped areas. November 2, 1989 - i S- B7 -1405-P 1 89-10-831 0 8. Failure to control increase in moisture content to compacted fill" could result in settlement which could compound the problem by rupturing water lines or other services and/or utilities, .thus introducing additional moisture into the underlying soil. 9. The Recommended Grading Specifications included in Appendix C. are general guidelines only and should not be included . directly into project. specifications without first incorporating the site specific recommendations contained in the Site Development - Grading section of this report. Chapter 70 of the Uniform Building Code contains specific considerations for.grading and is considered a part of these General Guidelines. 10. It is recommended that Buena Engineers, Inc., -be retained to provide soil engineering services during construction of 'the., grading, excavation, and foundation phases of the work. This is to observe compliance with the design concepts, specifications or recommendations and to allow design changes in the event that subsurface conditions differ from those anticipated prior to start of construction. Excavations 1. All excavations should be made in accordance with applicable regulations. From our site exploration and knowledge of. general area, we feel there is a potential for construction .problems involving caving of relatively deep site excavations (i.e. utilities, etc.). Where such situations are encountered, -lateral bracing or appropriate cut slopes should be provided. 2. No surcharge loads should be allowed within a horizontal distance measured from the top of the excavation slope, equal to the depth of the excavation. E. Traffic Areas 1. The surface soil from the referenced, project has been sampled in the location and tested. for R -Value per California Test Method 301. The testing resulted in an R -Values of 71 and 72. The paving designs listed below are based on a design P, -Value of 70. November. 2, 1989 -16- B7 -1405-P i 89-10-831 Traffic Index - 6.0 use 4.0" of asphalt concrete on compacted subgrade or use 3.0" of asphalt concrete on 4.0" Class II Base Traffic Index= 6.5 . use 4.0" of asphalt.concrete on compacted subgrade or use 3.0" of asphalt concrete on 4.0" Class II Base Traffic Index - 7.0 use 4.0" of asphalt concrete on compacted subgrade or Use 3.0" of asphalt concrete on 5.0 Class II Base Traffic Index - 7.5 use 4.5" of asphalt concrete on compacted subgrade or use 2.5" of -asphalt concrete on 4.0" Class II Base or Traffic Index - 8.0 use 4.5" of asphalt concrete on 4.0" Class II Base.or Traffic Index - 8.5 use 5.0" of asphalt concrete on 4.0" Class II Base or 2. These design sections are based on the paved areas being confined on two (2) sides. , If the minimum requirements of the City of La Quinta exceed the design sections listed above, the City requirements may become the basis for design. 3. If paving directig on subgrade, subgrade should be compacted to ninety-five (95) percent of maximum density. When paving on Class II Base placed over subgrade, subgrade should also be compacted to ninety (90) percent and Class II Base to ninety-five (95) percent of maximum density. During subgrade preparation, areas should be visually observed by a representative of Buena. Engineers, Inc. In addition to the required compaction,. the subgrade should be firm and unyielding when proof rooted with a fully. loaded water truck. November 2, 1989 =17- B7 -1405-P 1 89-10-831 F. Uti 1 i tg Trenches 1. Backfill of utilities within -road right-of-way.should be placed in strict conformance with the. requirements of the governing agency (Water District, Road Department, etc.). 2. Utility trench backfill within private property should be placed in strict provisions of this report relating to minimum compaction standards. In general., service lines extending inside of property may be backfilled with native soils compacted to a minimum of ninety (90) percent of maximum density. 3. Backfill operations should be observed and ,tested by Buena Engineers, Inc., to monitor compliance with these recommendations. STRUCTURES Based upon the results of this. evaluation, it is our opinion that the structure foundation can be supported by compacted soils placed as recommended above. The recomendations that follow are based on "very low" expansion category soils. A. Foundations I't is anticipated that foundations will be placed on firm compacted soils as.recomrnended elsewhere in this report. The recommendations that follow are based on "very low" expansion category soils. Table 29-A gives specific recommendations for width, depth and reinforcing. Other structural consideration may be more stringent and would govern in any case. A minimum footing depth of twelve (12) inches below lowest adjacent. finish grade for one (1) story structures and eighteen (18) inches for two (2) story structures should"be maintained. 2. Conventional Foundations: Estimated bearing values are given below for- foundations on recompacted soils, assuming fill import (if required) to be equal. to or better than site soils: a. Continuous foundations of one (1) foot wide and twelve (12) inches below grade: November 2; 1989 -18- B7 -1405 -PI 89-10-831 i. 1800 psf for dead plus reasonable live loads. fl. 2400 p.sf for -wind and seismic considerations. b: Isolated pad foundations 2' x 2' and .b.ottomed twelve (12) inches below grade: i. 2000 psf for dead plus reasonable live loads. ii. 2650 psf for wind and seismic considerations. 3. Allowable increases of 200 psf per one (1) foot of additional footing width and 300 psf for each additional six (6) inches of footing depth may, be used. The maximum allowable bearing will be 2500 pcf. 4. Although footing reinforcement may not be required per Table 29- 4; -one (1) number four (,04) rebar at top and bottom of *footings should be considered in order to span surface imperfections. Other requirements that are more stringent due to structural loads will govern. 5. Soils beneath footings and slabs should be premoistened prior to placing concrete. 6. Lateral loads may be resisted by soil friction on floor slabs and foundations and by passive resistance of .the soils acting on foundation stem galls. Lateral capacity is based partially on the assumption that any required backfill adjacent to foundations and. grade beams is properly compacted. 7. Foundation excavations should be visually observed by the soil engineer during excavation and prior to placement of reinforcing steel or. concrete. Local variations in conditions may warrant deepening of footings. 8. Allowable bearing values are net (weight of footing and soil surcharge may be neglected) and are applicable for dead plus reasonable live loads. B. Slabs -on -Grade 1. Concrete slabs -on -grade should be supported by compacted structural fill 'placed in accordance with applicable sections of this report. November 2, 1989 =19- 67-1405=P 1 89-10-831 . C. 2. In areas of moisture sensitive floor coverings, an appropriate vapor barrier should be installed in order to minimize vapor transmission from the' subgrade soil to the slab. The membrane should -be covered with two (2) inches of sand to help protect it during construction. The sand should be lightly moistened just prior to placing the concrete. 3. Reinforcement of slab -on -grade is -contingent upon the structural engineers recommendations and the expansion index of the supporting soil. Since the mixing of fill soil with native soil could change the expansion index, additional tests should be conducted during rough grading to determine the' expansion index of the subgrade soil. Also, due to the high temperature differential endemic'- to desert.. areas, large- concrete- slabs on grade are susceptible to tension.cracks. As a minimum, we recommend that all interior slabs -on -grade be reinforced with 6" x 6" /'x`10 x *10 welded wire fabric. Additional reinforcement due to the expansion. index *of the site soil should be provided as recommended in section F below. Additional reinforcement may also be required by the structural engineer. 4. It is recommended that the proposed perimeter slabs.(sidewalks, patios, etc.) be designed relatively independent of foundation stems (free-floating) to help mitigate cracking due to foundation settlement and/or expansion. Settlement Considerations I. Maximum estimated settlement, based on footings founded on firm soils as recommended, should -be less than one (1) inch. Differential settlement between exterior and interior bearing members should be less than one-half (1/2) inch. 2. The majority. of settlement should occur during construction. D. Frictional and Lateral Coefficients 1. Resistance to lateral loading may be provided by friction acting on the base of foundations, a coefficient of friction of .50 may be used for dead load forces. 2. Passive resistance acting on the sides of foundation sterns '(300 pcf, equivalent fluid vv -eight), may be included for ressistance-to lateral load. November 2, 1989 -20- B7 -1.405-P 1 89-10-831 F. G 3. A one-third-( 1/3) increase in the quoted. passive value may be used for wind or seismic loads. 4. Passive resistance of soils against grade beams and the frictional resistance between the floor slabs and the supporting soils may be combined in determining the total Iateral.resistance, however the friction factor should be reduced to .33 of dead load forces. 5. For retaining walls backfilled with. compacted native soil, it is recommended that an equivalent fluid pressure of thirty-five (35) pcf be used for well drained level backfill conditions. Exyansion The design of foundations should be based on the weighted expansion index (UBC Standard No. 29-2) of the soil. As stated in the soil properties section, the expansion index of the on-site soil is in the very low (0-20) classification. However, during site preparation, if the soil is throughly mixed and additional fill is added, the expansion index may change. Therefore, the expansion index should be evaluated after the site preparation has been completed, and the final foundation design adjusted accordingly. Additional Services This report is based on the assumption that an adequate program of client consultation,. construction monitoring and testing will be performed- during the final design and construction phases to check compliance with these recommendations. Maintaining Buene Engineers, Inc., as the soil engineering firm from beginning to end of the project will help assure continuity of services. These test would be additional services provided by our firm. The costs of these services 'are .not included in our present fee arrangements. The recommended tests and observations include, but are not necessarily limited to the following: 1. Consultation during the final design stages of the project. 2. Review of the building plans to observe that recommendations of our report have been properly implemented into the design. 3. Observation and testing during site preparation, grading and placement of engineered fill. 4. Consultation as required during construction. November 2; 1909 -21- B7 -1405-P 1 89-10-831 LIMITATIONS AND UNIFORMITY OF CONDITIONS The analysis and recommendations submitted in this report are based in part upon the data obtained from the ten (10) borings performed on the site. The nature and extent of variations between the borings may not become evident until construction_ If .variations then appear evident; it .will be necessary to reevaluate .,the recommendations of this report. Findings of this report are valid as of this date. However, changes in conditions of a property can occur with passage of time whether they be due to natural processes or works of man on 'this or adjacent properties. In addition, changes in7'applicable or appropriate standards occur whether they result from legislation or broadening of knowledge. Accordingly, findings of this report may be invalidated wholly or partially by changes outside our control. Therefore, this report is subject to review and should not be relied upon after a period of one (1) year_ In the event that any changes in the nature, design or location of the building are planned, the conclusions and recommendations contained in this report shall not be considered valid unless the. changes are reviewed and conclusions of - this report modified or verified in writing. This report is issued with the understanding that it is the responsibility of the owner, or of his representative,. to .insure that the information and recommendations contained herein are .called to the attention of the architect and engineers for the project and are incorporated.into the plans and specifications for the project. It is also the owners responsibility, or his 'representative, to insure that the necessary steps are taken to see that the general contractor ' and all subcontractors carry out such recommendations in the field. It is further understood that the owner or. his representative is.. responsible for submittal. of this report- to th.e appropriate governing agencies_ Buena Engineers, Inc., has prepared this report for the exclusive use.of the client and authorized agents. This report has been prepared in accordance with general IU.accepted soil and foundation engineering practices. No other warranties, either expressed or implied, are, made as the professional advice provided under the terms of 'this agreement, and included in the report. November. 2, 19.89 -22- B7 -1405-P 1 89-10-831 It is'recommended that Buena Engineers, Inc., be provided the opportunity for a general review of final design and specifications in order that earthwork and foundation recommendations may be properly interpreted and implemented in the -design and specifications. If Buena Engineers, Inc., is not accorded the privilege of making this 'recommended review, we can assume no responsibility for misinterpretation of our recommendations: END OF TEXT Appendices November 2, 1989 -23- REFERENCES B7 -1405-P1 89-10-831 1. Envicom, Riverside County, 1976, Seismic Safety Element. 2. Greensf el der, Roger W., 1974, Maximum Credible Rock Accelerations from Earthquakes in California, CDMG Map Sheet 23. 3. PIoessel, M. R. and Slosson, J. E., "Repeatable High Ground Accelerations from Earthquakes', 1974 California Geology, Vol. 27., No. 9, Pgs. 195- 199. 4.- Seed; H: B. and idriss, I. M., 1982, Ground Motions and Soil Liquefaction During Earthquakes. 5. Seih, Kerry, 1985, 'Earthquake Potentials Along The San Andreas Fault`, Minutes of The National Earthquake Prediction Evaluation Council, March 29-30, 1985, USGS Open File Report 85-507. APPENDIX A Site and Vicinity Map Logs of Borings M, eD S To.v IU. S. 8.,-?. s.?:a S S CAP L� iP Z%S�2T . �Ax� • ,, 'ke a,5.SV BUENA ENGINEERS, INC. DAVE: ���.2 + 89 JOB No w O Z Z O A Depth (ft) :..:7►. ; •..�.:._ ::' :�: �_ Symbol ore Blows/f t d co s .r � m m o '+ t � rn dc N• N C c 1 Q 1D =• .7• 1 r• r* o U Unit o w Dry Wt. o .o (pcf) 0 o Moisture °° co .. (Percent) Soil Type Relative ,o ,a Compaction (Percent) O O O 0 O ►A o. -% w r+ Q [7! co o. co - y 9 co v m N o > 'r co s C) %C O' I. • > co N Z N �' > .. O Z p r N w O Z Z O CD x z n z O ` vi o Depth (ft) ��TTTIo �. _......:.; :.:.:` ..'.:...' ' .�: _' _ .. •-.-.:. o.: :.: • ...:...�' Symbol ore ON ON %_n o Blows/f t z O H d ;V f0 > J fD N• n W ' O i cof'7 CO rn a (� O m�, CL r• z o co r+ 0 Unit o o -' Dry Wt. CO y cc CO (pcf) -Moisture, ='6. .(Percent) Soil Type Relative CO o Co �- �+ Compaction (Percent) '" co rn • a� Co CV o K co > d CD it v A o. z z r N . N CD x z n z O DATE May 5, 1989 LOG OF BORING for Desert Lake BORING NO. 3 Job No. B7 -1405-P1 Report No. LOCATION Per Plan L o a 0 o JQ vi ;? 0 y N 3 dl DESCRIPTION '' �+ _ 3 C L U �D n �. v �' L N 0 0 fin. C1. .0 v) C 0 QJ U ++ _� a L 0 (U cello, REMARKS AND ANALYSIS r :! 16 21 40 50/1 Al: Brown gravelly fine to coarse sand SP. Cobbles 5 10 15 No recovery Total Depth = 16' No freevater No bedrock DATE May 5, 1989 LOG OF BORING for Desert Lake BORING NO. 4 Job -.No. B7 -1405-P1 Report No. LOCATION Per Plan s aO Q 0 0 T V) L O 3 O DESCRIPTION Q n. vo V) L :E a >1 O V) C 0 n U _u> Qv1 1 OE a4 REMARKS AND ANALYSIS . i; is Al:. Brown gravelly fine to coarse sand SP Cobbles throughout 5 .10 Cobble refusal @ 12.5' No freewater No bedrock 15 w Z Z C) Z O r O n O Z .F- Depth (ft) .� -. ....� r: .... -.: Symbol Core Blows/ft s . H, M n dd O �. o Unit Dry Wt. (Pcf ) Moisture (Percent) - N �' - Soil Type Relative Compaction (Percent) x o 0 0 0 0 n n 0 0 rt o• -+� d Cr v o v �. r rI O t N N N > • m s � Z Z C.. Ln w Z Z C) Z O r O n O Z .F- X( -j rD o -v Cr o rr O o C o o Depth (ft) �n o Symbol Core Blows/ft . ' a - � W o 0, 0 o � c o rn CD N d r M -C M CD `. p r. Z .. 0 O ' o Unit Dry Wt,' . (pcf) Moisture (Percent) Soil Type Relative Compaction (Percent) . �+ CO o � rn o CO o C rc CO rr rt iU CO S s 7c 11 O C (n O =r A • _ O C 2 rt 1 Z .n r X( -j rD o -v Cr o rr O o C DATE May 5., 1989 LOG OF BORING for Desert Lake BORING NO. 8 Job No. B7 -1405-P1 Report No. LOCATION Per Plan D 0 P cn o o m DESCRIPTION c L- a � D .� � h L o v Q' o vi C 'o ? c °' L c�o� C U REMARKS AND ANALYSIS r• '•: i� Al: Brown gravelly fine to coarse sand SP Cobbles throughout 10'-'20' 5' 10 15 20 .Total Depth = 20, No freewater No bedrock DATE May 5, 1989 LOG OF BORING for Desert Lake BORING NO. 7 Job No. B7 -1405-P1 Report No. . LOCATION Per Plan .-. �c V D 0 o > n w - oz DESCRIPTION ". � U V O ' >, Fn. ° c O .?: m c L _ O O C� U REMARKS AND ANALYSIS ' Al: Brown gravelly fine to coarse sand SP Cobbles Cobbles 5 10 Total Depth = 15' No freevater No bedrock DATE May 5; 1989 LOG OF BORING for Desert Lake BORING NO. 9 Job No. B7 -1405-P1 Report No. LOCATION Per Plan .-. 0. Q 0 ° N L r h 3 DESCRIPTION `' 3 -. Q � H ° R. F O N c 0 > ri c *' °- v ri —v & CJ E0 CL Li U .r REMARKS AND ANALYSIS r, Al: Brovn gravelly fine to coarse sand SP Cobbles Cobbles Cobbles i 5 10 15 Total Depth = 15' No freevater No bedrock DATE May 5, 1989 LOG OF BORING for Desert Lake BORING NO, 10 Job No.' . B7-140541 Report No. . LOCATION Per Plan W Q 0 E V) o o 4 DESCRIPTION 3 �w c�ua �0.� L H u oa a >• F' o v) o •U41 ? C:REMARKS L Boa C 0 AND ANALYSIS or ';• Al: Brown gravelly fine to coarse sand gp Cobbles throughout 3'- 10' 5 10 15 Total Depth = 15' No freevater No.bedrock APPENDIX B Summary of Test Results Table 29-A November 2, 1.989 BORING & DEPTH .f 10.0 2 @ 2.0 5.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 B-2 67-1622-Pl 89-10-831. IN—PLACE DENSITIES RELATIVE DRY DENSITY MOISTURE COMPACTION 113.9 0.8 94 110.0 .0.6 91 x 115.1 1.6 95% -'l 01.4 1.5 84% 108.9 2.0 90% 107.8 2.1 89% 118.5 2.1 98 B7 -1405—P1 MOISTURE CONTENT IN PERCENT OF DRY WEIGHT O O LL U [a U cr W a 00 O z O CL z f- z W O 0 12 METHOD OF COMPACTION ASTM D-1557-78, METHOD A or C SOIL TYPE MAXIMUM DENSITY Al Boring 1 @ 0-5' 121.3 pcf 122 120 118 OPTIMUM MOISTURE 12.3% MAXIMUM. DENSITY - OPTI-MUM MOISTURE CURVES B7-140541 MOISTURE CONTENT IN PERCENT OF 'DRY WEIGHT O O u - U_ U cc W a. co • O Z O a z } CO Z W O } Q O 8 ,. 10 12 METHOD OF COMPACTION ASTM D-1557-78, METHOD A or C SOIL TYPE MAXIMUM DENSITY ,. Al Check 123.3 pcf Boring 5 @ 0-5' r 124 122 120 OPTIMUM MOISTURE 10.9% MAXIMUM DENSITY - OPTIMUM MOISTURE CURVES • 67-1405-P1 N 4.0 N 3.5 F- O 0 3.0 Cl 2.5 Y W 2.0 W 0= 1.5 U Cr) Z 1.0 0= Q W = 0.5 0 1 1 1 1 i I 1 1 1 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2:5 3.0 3.5 4.0 - NORMAL LOAD (KIPS / FOOT 2 ) DIRECT SHEAR DATA Soil type: Al Boring and depth: 1 @ 0-51 Angle of internal. friction: Cohesion: 80 psf Samples remolded to 90% -of maximum density 13 Samples relatively undisturbed 67 -1405-P1 4.0r- C\1 3.5 0 1 1 1 1 V I I I I I 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 NORMAL. LOAD (KIPS / FOOT ) DIRECT SHEAR DATA Soil type: Al Check Boring and depth: 5 @ 0-5' Angle of internal. friction: 43-2° Cohesion: 100 psf ® Samples O to 90% of maximum density OLL 3.0 relatively undisturbed U) 2.5 Y C 2.0 U W 1.5 07 C9 Z 1.0 CC Q W r 0:5 co 0 1 1 1 1 V I I I I I 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 NORMAL. LOAD (KIPS / FOOT ) DIRECT SHEAR DATA Soil type: Al Check Boring and depth: 5 @ 0-5' Angle of internal. friction: 43-2° Cohesion: 100 psf ® Samples remolded to 90% of maximum density D Samples relatively undisturbed MINIMUM FOUNDATION REQUIREMENTS 0 "16 -for to noyt n,)vp for fnntnntr•e, (I) Ihrmif, h (1n) Footings for Slab & Raised Floor Systems (2) (5) (10) Concrete Slabs ' 3Y:" Minimum V) Thickness v All Peri- Interior foot- Reinforce- s _x meter ings for slab ment for Premoistening 'eighted Y v L Footings and raised continuous control for soils Piers under xpansion 1 f-- (6). floors (6) footings Reinforce- Total under footings, raised floors idex 1+4 t— C c (3) (8) ment (4) thickness piers and slabs o E o o Depth below natural - of sand (5) (6) Z41 0 0 surface of ground and finish grade IN FIES •20 1 6 12 6 12 12 None 6x6- Moistening of Piers allowed cry Low 2 8 15 7 18 18 Required 10/10 ground prior to for single ion -Ex- 3 10 18 8 211 24 WWF 2" placing concrete floor loads insi'v0 recommended only 1 6 12 6 15 12 120% of optimum 2 8 15 7 18 1.8 moisture content Piers allowed .-50. 3 10 18 8 24 24 144 top 6x6- to a depth of fpr single )w and bottom 10/10 4" 21" below lowest floor loads WWF adjacent grade. only Testing Required 1 6 12 6 21 12 144 top 6x6- 130% of optimum 2 8 12 8 21 18 and bottom 6/6 1VWF moisture content .-90 3 10 15 8 24 24 or #3 to a depth of 27" Piers not edium 24" C.W. 4" below lowest allowed adjacent grade. ars 24" in ext. footing and bent 3' into slab (9) Testing Required 1 6 12 6 27 12 145 top 6x6- 140% of optimum 2 8 12 8 27 18 and bottom 6/6 WWF moisture content -130 3 10 15 8 27 24 or #3 • to a depth of 33" Piers not :gh @ 24" e . 4" below lowest allowed adjacent grade. ars 4" in ext. footing and bent 3' into slab (9) Testing Required bove 130 try High Special Design by Licensed Engineer/Architect "16 -for to noyt n,)vp for fnntnntr•e, (I) Ihrmif, h (1n) FOOTNOTES TO TABLE 29-A 1. Premoistening is required where specified in Table 29-A in order to achieve maximum and uniform expansion of sails prior to construction and thus limit . structural distress caused b.y uneven expansion end shrinkage. Other systems which do not include prernoistening may be approved -by the Building Official when. such alternatives ere shown to provide equivalent safeguards against adverse effects of expensive sails.- 2. ails: 2. Underfloor access crawl holes shell be pravided with curbs extending not less then. six (6) inches above adjacent grade to preYent surface water from entering the foundation area. 3. Rein forcement.for continuous foundations.shall be placed not less then three (3) inches Bbove the battom of the footings end not less then three (3) inches below the top of the stem. 4. Reinforcement shall be placed at mid -depth of slab. S. After. premoistening, the specified moisture content of soils shell be maintained until concrete is placed. Required moiture content shell be verified by an approved testing laboratory not more than twenty-four (24) hours prior to placement of concrete. 6. Crawl spaces under raised floors need not be premoistened except under interior footings. Interior footings which are not enclosed by a continuous perimeter foundation system or equivelent concrete or masonry moisture barrier complying with UBC Section 2907 (b) shall be designed and constructed as specified for perimeter footings. in Table 29-A. 7. A grade beam not less then twelve (12) inches by twelve (12) inches in cross section, reinforced as specified for continuous foundations in Table 29-A .shall be provided at gerage.dooropenings. S. Foundation stem wells which exceed a height of three (3) times the stem thickness abo.ve lowest adjacent grade shall be reinforced in accordance with Sections 2415 and 2614 in the UEC or as required by engineering design, whichever is more restrictive. 9. Bent reinforcing_bers between exterior footing and slab shell. be omitted when floor is designed as an independent, "floating' slab. 10. Fireplace footings shall be reinforced with e horizonal grid I-oceted three (3) inches above the bottom of the footing and consisting of not less then .nurnber four (*4) bars at twelve (12) inches on center each way. Vertical chimney reinforcing bars shall be hooked under the grid. APPENDIX C Standard Grading Specifications C-1 STANDARD GRADING SPECIFICATIONS PROJECT: DESERT LAKE CLIENT- STUART ENTERPRISES, LTD_ 1. These Standard Grading Specifications -have been prepared for the exclusive use of our client for specific application to referenced project in accordancQ with .generally accepted soil and foundation engineering practices. No other, warranty, expressed or implied, is made. 2. These specifications shall be integrated with the Engineering Report of: which they are a part. Should conflicting statements be found between these standard specifications and the itemized recommendations contained in the main body of the: engineering report, the latter shall _govern_ 3. Buena Engineers, Inc., referred to as the soil engineer, should be retained to provide continuous soil engineering services during construction of the grading, excavation and foundation phases of the work. This . is to observe compliance 'with. the design concepts, sRecifications or recornmendations and to:allow design changes.in the event that subsurface conditions differ from that anticipated prior to start of construction. 4. The presence of our field- representative willbe for the purpose of providing observation and field testing. Our *work does not include supervision or direction of the actual work of the contractor, his employees or agents_ The contractor for this project should be so advised. The contractor should also be informed that neither the presence of our field representative nor the observation and testing by our firm .shall excuse him in any way from defects discovered in his work. it is understood that our firm will not be responsible for job or site safety on this project. Job 'and site .safety will be the sole responsibility of the contractor-. C-2 5. If the contractor encounters subsurface conditions at the site that (a) .are materially different from those indicated in the contract plans or in specifications, or.(b) could not have been reasonably anticipated as inherent inn -the work of the character provided in the contract, the contractor shall immediately notify the owner verbally and in writing within 24 hours. This notification shall be a condition precedent before any negotiations for changed or differing site conditions` can proceed. If the owner determines that conditions do materially so differ- and cause an increase or decrease in the contractor`s cost of, or the time .required for, performance of any part of the work under this contract, then negotiations shall commence betty' een owner and contractor to provide equitable adjustment to owner or contractor resulting therefrom. 6. Whenever the words "supervision", "inspection", or "control" appear they shall mean periodic observation of the work and the taking of soil tests as deemed, necessary by the soil engineer for substantial compliance with plans, specifications and design concepts. 7. These specifications shall consist of clearing and grubbing, preparation of land to be filled, filling of the land, spreading; compaction and control of the. fill, and subsidiary work necessary to complete the grading of the filled areas to conform with the lines, grades and slopes as shown on the accepted plans. S. .The standard test used, to define rnininium densities of compaction work shall be the ASTM Test Procedure D 1557. Densities shall be expressed as a relative compaction in terms of the maximum density obtained in the laboratory by the foregoing standard. procedure. 9. Field density tests will be performed by the soil engineer during grading operations. At least one (1) test shall be made for each five hundred (500) cubic yards or fraction thereof placed with o minimum of tw,o (2) tests per layer in isolated areas. Where sh'eepsfoot.rollers are used, the soil may be disturbed to a depth of several. inches. Density tests shall betaken in compacted material below the disturbed surface. When these tests indicate that the density of any layer of fill or portion thereof is below the required density, the particular layer or portion shall be reworked until the required density has been obtained. C-3 10. Earth -moving and working operations shall be. controlled to prevent water from running into excavated areas. Excess water shall be promptly removed and the site kept dry. Fill material shall not be placed, spread or rolled during .unfavorable weather conditions. When the work is interrupted by heavy rain, fill operations shall not be resumed until field tests by the soil engineer indicate that. the moisture content and density of the fill are. as previously specified. 11. Compaction shall be by sheepsfoot rollers,- vibrating sheepsfoot rollers, multiple -wheel pneumatic -tired rollers or other types of acceptable compacting rollers. Rollers shall be of such design that they will be able to compact the fill to the specified density. Rolling shall be accomplished while the fill material is within the specified moisture content range. .Rolling of each layer shall be continuous' -over its entire area and the roller shall make sufficient trips to insure . that the required density has been obtained. 12. Existing structures, foundations, trash, debris, loose fill, trees (not included in landscaping), roots, tree remains and other rubbish shall be removed, piled or burned or otherwise disposed of so as to leave the areas that have been disturbed with a neat and finished appearance free from debris. No burning shall be permitted i.n the area to be filled. 13. When f.iil material includes rock, large rocks will not be allowed to nest and voids must be carefully filled with small. stones or earth and properly. compacted. Rock larger than eight (0)'inches in diameter will not be permitted in the compacted fill without review as to location by the soil engineer. 14. Organic matter shall .be removed from the surface- upon which the fill, foundations or pavement sections are to. be placed. The surface shall then be plowed or scarified to a.depth of at least eight (o). inches and until the surface is free from ruts, hummocks or other uneven features which would tend to prevent uniform compaction by the equipment to be used. Specific recommendations pertaining to stripping and minimum depth of recompaction of native soils are presented in the main body of the soi-1 report. 15. Native soil free from organic material and other deleterious material may be used as compacted fill; however, during. grading operations the soil engineer will re-examine the native soils for organic content: h C-4 16. Imported . material should be ' tested .and reviewed by buena Engineers, Inc., before being brought to the site. The materials used shall be free from organic. matter and other deleterious material. 17. Where fills are made on hillsides or exposed slope areas, greater than ten (10) percent, horizontal benches shall be cut into firm undisturbed natural ground to provide a horizontal base so that each layer is placed and compacted on a horizontal plane. The initial bench at the toe of the fill shall be at least ten (10) feet in width on firm, undisturbed natural ground at the elevation of the toe stake placed at the natural angle of repose or design slope. The width and frequency of succeeding benches will vary with the soil conditions and the steepness of slope. "18. The selected . -fill material shall be placed in layers which, ..when compacted, shall not exceed six (6) inches in thickness. Layers shall be spread evenly and shall be thoroughly blade -mixed during spreading. After each layer has been placed, mixed and spread evenly, it shall be thoroughly compacted to a relative compaction of not less than ninety (.90) percent. The fill operation shall be continued in . six (6) inch compacted layers, as specified above, until the fill has been brought to the finished slopes and graded as shown on the'accepted plans. 19. When the moisture content of the fill material. is not sufficient to achieve required compaction, water shall be added until the soils attain a moisture content so that thorough bonding is achieved during the compacting process. When the moisture content of the fill material is excessive, the fill material shall be aerated by blading or other satisfactory methods until the moisture content is reduced to an acceptable content to achieve proper compaction. 20. Existing septic tanks and other underground storage tanks must be removed from the site prior to commencement of -building, grading or fill operations. Underground tanks, including connecting drain fields and other lines, must be totally removed and the resulting depressions properly reconstructed and filled. Depressions left from tree removal shall also be properly filled and compacted. C-5 21. The methods for removal of subsurface irrigation and utility lines will depend on the depth and location of the line. One . of the following methods may be used: 1) Remove the pipe and compact the soil in the trench according to the applicable portions of these ..grading recommendations, 2) The pipe shall be crushed in the trench. The trench shall then be filled and compacted according to. the applicable portions of these grading specifications, 3) Cap the- ends of the line with concrete to mitigate entrance of water. The length of the cap shall not be less than five (5) feet. The concrete mix shall. have a minimum shrinkage. 22. Abandoned water wells on the site shall be capped according to the requirements of the appropriate regulatory agency. The strength of the cap shall be at least equal to .the adjacent soils. The final elevation of the top of the well casing must be a minimum of thirty-six (36) inches .below adjacent grade prior to grading or fill operations. Structure foundations should.not be placed over the capped well.