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HomeMy WebLinkAboutDune Palms_ASR_2016NOV22_with DPRs_rDune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR ATTACHMENT B. ASR Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY REPORT FOR THE DUNE PALMS ROAD LOW-WATER CROSSING REPLACEMENT PROJECT, LA QUINTA CITY, RIVERSIDE COUNTY, CALIFORNIA Federal Project No. BLRKS – 5433(014) Prepared for California Department of Transportation—District 8 464 W. 4th St San Bernardino CA 92401 Prepared by: _____________________________________________ _________________ Sherri M. Gust, M.S. Date Registered Professional Archaeologist Cogstone Resource Management Inc. 1518 W. Taft Ave., Orange, CA 92865 Authors: Sherri M. Gust, M.S., Desiree Martinez, M.A., Molly Valasik, M.A., and André Simmons, M.A. Reviewed by: _____________________________________________ _________________ Steven Holm Date Principal Investigator, Prehistoric Archaeology (PQS) Caltrans District 8, Environmental Support – Cultural Studies Division 464 West Fourth Street, 8th Floor, MS-825 San Bernardino, CA 92401-1400 Approved by: ____________________________________________ _________________ Gabrielle Duff, Branch Chief Date Caltrans District 8, Environmental Support – Cultural Studies Division 464 West Fourth Street, 8th Floor, MS-825 San Bernardino, CA 92401-1400 Revised October 2016 Type of Study: Intensive Pedestrian Survey Sites: P-33-16950 (CA-RIV-8835), P-33-08692 (CA-RIV-6190), 20141229LAP_1 (isolate) USGS Quadrangle: Township 5S, Range 7E, Section 20 & 29, La Quinta 7.5’ Area: 48.5 acres Key Words: Positive Survey, Cahuilla, La Quinta Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR iii TABLE OF CONTENTS SUMMARY OF FINDINGS .................................................................................................................................... VI  INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................................................................... 1  PROJECT LOCATION AND DESCRIPTION ........................................................................................................ 2  PROJECT LOCATION .................................................................................................................................................... 2  PROJECT DESCRIPTION ............................................................................................................................................... 2  AREA OF POTENTIAL EFFECTS .................................................................................................................................... 6  PROJECT PERSONNEL .................................................................................................................................................. 8  SOURCES CONSULTED......................................................................................................................................... 11  CALIFORNIA HISTORICAL RESOURCES INFORMATION SYSTEM ................................................................................ 11  OTHER SOURCES ...................................................................................................................................................... 24  NATIVE AMERICAN CONSULTATION ........................................................................................................................ 25  BACKGROUND ........................................................................................................................................................ 28  ENVIRONMENT ......................................................................................................................................................... 28  PREHISTORIC CULTURAL SETTING ........................................................................................................................... 28  Project Area Cultures .......................................................................................................................................... 29  ETHNOGRAPHY ......................................................................................................................................................... 31  HISTORICAL SETTING ............................................................................................................................................... 33  GEOARCHAEOLOGICAL SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS ....................................................................................................... 34  Methods ............................................................................................................................................................... 34  Results .................................................................................................................................................................. 35  PROJECT AREA HISTORY .......................................................................................................................................... 38  Previous Ground Disturbance Within the Project Area ...................................................................................... 39  Sewer Line Disturbances to Site P-33-16950 (CA-RIV-8835) APN 600-030-018 ............................................... 41  FIELD SURVEY METHODS AND RESULTS ...................................................................................................... 48  APN 600-030-004 .................................................................................................................................................... 49  APN 600-030-010 .................................................................................................................................................... 49  APN 600-010-009 .................................................................................................................................................... 49  APN 600-030-018 .................................................................................................................................................... 50  APN 600-030-019 .................................................................................................................................................... 59  APN 600-030-020 .................................................................................................................................................... 59  APN 600-030-021 .................................................................................................................................................... 61  APN 600-390-007 .................................................................................................................................................... 63  APN 600-390-010 .................................................................................................................................................... 63  APN 600-390-021 .................................................................................................................................................... 64  APN 600-390-023 .................................................................................................................................................... 65  STUDY FINDINGS AND CONCLUSIONS ........................................................................................................... 66  REFERENCES CITED ............................................................................................................................................. 69  APPENDIX A. QUALIFICATIONS ........................................................................................................................ 73  APPENDIX B. PREVIOUS CULTURAL RESOURCES STUDIES .................................................................... 80  APPENDIX C. NATIVE AMERICAN CONSULTATION ................................................................................... 92  APPENDIX D. CONFIDENTIAL MAPS AND DOCUMENTS ......................................................................... 112  APPENDIX E. SITE RECORDS ........................................................................................................................... 130  Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR iv LIST OF FIGURES FIGURE 1. PROJECT VICINITY MAP ................................................................................................................................. 1 FIGURE 2. PROJECT LOCATION MAP ............................................................................................................................... 5 FIGURE 3. PROJECT MAP WITH APE BOUNDARIES ........................................................................................................ 10 FIGURE 4. PREVIOUS CULTURAL INVESTIGATIONS WITHIN APE, INCLUDING THE CURRENT SURVEY ......................... 13 FIGURE 5. CAHUILLA TERRITORY (HEIZER 1978) ......................................................................................................... 32 FIGURE 6. PROJECT GEOLOGY....................................................................................................................................... 36 FIGURE 7. PROJECT GEOMORPHOLOGY ......................................................................................................................... 37 FIGURE 8. 1959 HISTORIC USGS TOPOGRAPHIC MAP .................................................................................................. 41 FIGURE 9. PREVIOUS CONSTRUCTION DISTURBANCES ................................................................................................. 43 FIGURE 10. PREVIOUS CONSTRUCTION DISTURBANCES, HISTORIC AERIAL 2006 (GOOGLE EARTH 2015) ................... 44 FIGURE 11. PREVIOUS CONSTRUCTION DISTURBANCES, HISTORIC AERIAL 2009 (GOOGLE EARTH 2015) ................... 45 FIGURE 12. PREVIOUS CONSTRUCTION DISTURBANCES, HISTORIC AERIAL 1996 (GOOGLE EARTH 2015) ................... 46 FIGURE 13. PREVIOUS CONSTRUCTION DISTURBANCES, HISTORIC AERIAL 2002 (GOOGLE EARTH 2015) ................... 47 FIGURE 14. OVERVIEW OF REDDISH CLAY CRUST COVERING APNS 600-030-004 AND 600-030-020, FACING NORTHWEST, ON JULY 7, 2015. ............................................................................................................................ 49 FIGURE 15. TYPICAL AREA WITH EXCELLENT VISIBILITY, FACING SOUTH AT WHITEWATER RIVER, ON DECEMBER 29, 2014 ..................................................................................................................................................................... 50 FIGURE 16. OVERGROWN VEGETATION AT WHITEWATER RIVER, FACING EAST, ON DECEMBER 29, 2014 .................. 50 FIGURE 17. CERAMIC SCATTER IN APN 600-030-018, ON DECEMBER 29, 2014 .......................................................... 51 FIGURE 18. RIM PROFILE OF BROWNWARE SHERD IN APN 600-030-018, ON DECEMBER 29, 2014 ............................. 52 FIGURE 19. CATALOG NO. 20150623DRM13, TWO BROWNWARE SHERDS, COLLECTED ON JUNE 23, 2015 ............... 54 FIGURE 20. CATALOG NO. 20150623DRM09, FIRE HARDENED CLAY PIECES, COLLECTED ON JUNE 23, 2015 ........... 54 FIGURE 21. CATALOG NO. 20150623DRM09, CLOSE-UP OF FIRE HARDENED CLAY PIECE, COLLECTED ON JUNE 23, 2015 ..................................................................................................................................................................... 55 FIGURE 22. OVERVIEW OF VCP SEWER LINE ACCESS ROAD, FACING NORTHEAST. EVIDENCE OF GRADING SINCE ORIGINAL SURVEY, ON JUNE 23, 2015 ................................................................................................................. 56 FIGURE 23. EVIDENCE OF WATER EROSION SINCE ORIGINAL SURVEY, FACING EAST, ON JUNE 23, 2015 ................... 56 FIGURE 24. SMALL ASPHALT PIECES COVERING THE EASTERN SIDE OF APN 600-030-018, FACING SOUTHEAST, ON JUNE 23, 2015 ...................................................................................................................................................... 57 FIGURE 25. EVIDENCE OF CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION DEBRIS, FACING SOUTHWEST, ON JUNE 23, 2015 .................... 57 FIGURE 26. EVIDENCE OF BERMING, FACING NORTHWEST, ON JUNE 23, 2015 ............................................................. 58 FIGURE 27. CERAMIC SHERDS COLLECTED AT 20150623DRM06, ON JUNE 23, 2015 .................................................. 58 FIGURE 28. MAIN BUILDING ON APN 600-030-019, FACING NORTHEAST, ON JULY 7, 2015 ....................................... 59 FIGURE 29. BACK BUILDING ON APN 600-030-019, FACING NORTHEAST, ON JULY 7, 2015 ....................................... 60 FIGURE 30. DUNE PALMS RD & WESTWARD HO DRIVE, FACING SOUTH SHOWING TYPICAL VISIBILITY OF HARDSCAPED AREAS, ON DECEMBER 29, 2014 .................................................................................................... 60 FIGURE 31. ISOLATED GRANITIC MANO (20141229LAP_1) IN APN 600-030-021, ON DECEMBER 29, 2014 ............... 61 FIGURE 32. EXAMPLE OF REDDISH CLAY CRUST COVERING PORTIONS OF APN 600-030-021, FACING NORTHEAST, ON JULY 7, 2015 ........................................................................................................................................................ 62 FIGURE 33. OVERVIEW OF BURROWED AREA ON WESTERN EDGE OF APN 600-030-021, FACING SOUTHEAST, ON JULY 7, 2015 ........................................................................................................................................................ 62 FIGURE 34. NORTHWEST CORNER OF DUNE PALMS AND HWY 11, FACING NORTH, ON DECEMBER 29, 2014 .............. 63 FIGURE 35. OVERVIEW OF PLANT/TREE BED. CORPORATE CENTER DRIVE ON LEFT, FACING NORTHWEST, ON JULY 7, 2015 ..................................................................................................................................................................... 64 FIGURE 36. EXAMPLE OF ISLANDS BETWEEN PARKING SPACES WITH IMPORTED ANGULAR PEBBLES, FACING NORTHEAST, ON JULY 7, 2015 .............................................................................................................................. 65 FIGURE APPENDIX D-1. AERIAL SHOWING THE APE AND CONSTRUCTION LIMITS .................................................... 113 FIGURE APPENDIX D-2. AERIAL SHOWING CONSTRUCTION FILL AND EXCAVATION DEPTHS .................................... 114 FIGURE APPENDIX D-3. TRENCH SECTION TYPICAL DRP BRIDGE SEWER ................................................................. 115 FIGURE APPENDIX D-4. AERIAL SHOWING THE PREVIOUSLY RECORDED SITES WITHIN THE APE ............................. 116 FIGURE APPENDIX D-5. AERIAL SHOWING TESTING LOCATIONS CONDUCTED BY CRM TECH IN 2008 ..................... 117 FIGURE APPENDIX D-6. LOCATIONS OF GRANITE MANO AND P-33-16950 (CA-RIV-8835) ...................................... 118 FIGURE APPENDIX D-7. AERIAL IMAGE OF THE LOCATION OF ARTIFACTS IDENTIFIED DURING THE CULTURAL RESOURCES SURVEY .......................................................................................................................................... 119 Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR v LIST OF TABLES TABLE 1 ANTICIPATED DEPTHS OF PROPOSED EXCAVATION BY WORK LOCATION ....................................................... 8 TABLE 2. HISTORIC RESOURCES WITHIN A ONE-MILE RADIUS OF THE APE ................................................................ 14 TABLE 3. ADDITIONAL SOURCES CONSULTED .............................................................................................................. 25 TABLE 4. CULTURAL PATTERNS AND PHASES .............................................................................................................. 30 TABLE 6. DEPTH OF MANHOLES CONSTRUCTED FOR THE CVSC .................................................................................. 42 TABLE 7. ARTIFACTS COLLECTED ON JUNE 23, 2015 ................................................................................................... 53 TABLE APPENDIX D-1. CRM TECH ARTIFACT CATALOGUE FROM 2008 EXCAVATIONS ............................................ 120 Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR vi SUMMARY OF FINDINGS The City of La Quinta, in conjunction with the California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), proposes to construct the Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project [Federal Project No. BLRKS – 5433(014)] which involves the replacement of the existing low-water crossing spanning the Coachella Valley Storm Water Channel at Dune Palms Road with an all-weather access bridge, located immediately north of Highway 111 and south of Westward Ho Drive in the City of La Quinta, California. The improvements would provide safe access across the channel during all weather events, provide reliable routes for emergency vehicles, motorist, pedestrians and bicyclists and achieve the City’s General Plan goals for the corridor. The bridge is funded by the federal Highway Bridge Project program. Caltrans District 8, on behalf of Federal Highway Administration (FWHA), is the federal lead agency for this Project. The Project requires compliance with the January 2014 First Amended Programmatic Agreement Among the Federal Highway Administration, the Advisory Council on Historic Preservation, the California State Historic Preservation Officer, and the California Department of Transportation Regarding Compliance with Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act, as it pertains to the Administration of the Federal-Aid Highway Program in California (PA). The cultural resource investigation was conducted within the confines of the approved Area of Potential Effects (APE) for the Project. The cultural resources records search identified two previously documented archaeological sites (P-33-08692/CA-RIV-6190 and P-33-16950/CA-RIV-8835) located within the APE. P-33-08692 (CA-RIV-6190) was recorded as an extensive prehistoric habitation site with five loci of ceramics, burned bone, debitage, burned clay, and fire affected rock in November of 1998 by CRM Tech. P-33-16950 (CA-RIV-8835) was initially recorded as a light prehistoric ceramic scatter with daub and fire affected rock in February of 2008 by CRM Tech. Archaeological subsurface testing and evaluation was conducted by CRM Tech in April 2008 and resulted in the recovery of 712 artifacts consisting of ceramic sherds, marine and freshwater shell, groundstone, charcoal, faunal bone and cremated human remains (Eddy et al. 2008). The testing program identified artifacts at 250 cm in depth but a majority of the artifacts are in the upper 40 cm (1.3 ft) of the site. Based on the testing program CRM Tech concluded that the site as a whole does not appear to qualify as a historical resource. However CRM Tech also stated that since the cremated human remains retain a high degree of Native American traditional cultural value, the portion of the site containing the cremation remains was determined to meet CEQA's definition of a historical resource. The proposed bridge crossing of the Coachella Valley Storm Water Channel (CVC) is located entirely within the APE. A search of the sacred lands file was requested by Cogstone staff from the Native American Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR vii Heritage Commission (NAHC) on October 22, 2014. On November 6, 2014, the Commission responded that the search failed to indicate the presence of Native American cultural resources in the immediate vicinity. The NAHC also requested that 20 Native American tribes or individuals be contacted for further information regarding the general Project vicinity. Cogstone subsequently initiated consultation and all consultation correspondence and a contact log that Cogstone completed are provided along with the Appendix C. Consultation is still ongoing for this Project and is incomplete. On December 29th, 2014, June 23, 2015, July 7, 2015, August 6, 2016, Cogstone staff conducted a field survey of the APE to verify the location of each previously identified cultural resource, the condition and integrity of the resource, and the identification and recording of new resources. The survey consisted of walking parallel transects, spaced at no greater than 15-meters within the APE while closely inspecting the ground surface. An isolated granitic mano (20141229LAP_1) was found within parcel 600-030-021 of the APE. Site P-33-16950 (CA-RIV-8835) located in APN 600-030-018 was re-identified and an additional light prehistoric ceramic scatter was documented to the northwest of its previously documented boundaries. This scatter was determined to be an extension of P-33-16950 (CA-RIV-8835) and its boundaries were extended to include the ceramic scatter. This extension places P-33-16950 (CA-RIV-8835) also within APN 600-010-009. Thus the entirety of the site is within the proposed APE and the possibility of intact subsurface features varies across the site. The geoarchaeological analysis indicates the potential for buried archaeological deposits ranges from low to medium potential in the APE. Areas of low potential are located within the Coachella River bed. The rest of the APE is assigned a medium potential for buried archaeological deposits. Additional research was conducted in order to understand to what extent previous disturbances within APN 600-030-018 may have affected the distribution of cultural materials from P-33- 16950 (CA-RIV-8835). Cogstone reviewed the Coachella Valley Stormwater Channel Plan and Profile, the Off-site Improvement Plan for the La Quinta Corporate Centre, aerial photography, and additional information regarding the extent of construction disturbances as a result of the channelization of the Whitewater River and the installation of sewer pipes provided by the City’s design consultant. Research shows that the northern portion of P-33-16950 (CA-RIV-8835) that is within the APE has been disturbed by previous construction activities. New and updated DPR forms were drafted for P-33-08692 (CA-RIV-6190) and P-33-16950 (CA-RIV-8835) (Appendix E). It is Caltrans' policy to avoid cultural resources whenever possible. Further investigations may be needed if the site[s] cannot be avoided by the Project. If buried cultural materials are encountered during construction, it is Caltrans' policy that work stop in that area until a qualified Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR viii archaeologist can evaluate the nature and significance of the find. Additional survey will be required if the Project changes to include areas not previously surveyed. Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 1 INTRODUCTION The purpose of this study is to identify cultural resources which may be affected by construction- related activities for Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project [Federal Project No. BLRKS – 5433(014)] in western Riverside County, California (Figure 1). Specifically, the proposed Project involves the replacement of the existing low-water crossing spanning the Coachella Valley Storm Water Channel (CVSC) at Dune Palms Road with an all- weather access bridge, located immediately north of Highway 111 and south of Westward Ho Drive in the City of La Quinta, California. Cogstone Staff Archaeologists Lindsay Porras, Desiree Martinez, and Lynn Furnis surveyed the Project Area on December 29, 2014, June 23, 2015, and August 6, 2016 respectively. Qualifications can be found in the Project Personnel section and Appendix A. Figure 1. Project Vicinity Map Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 2 PROJECT LOCATION AND DESCRIPTION PROJECT LOCATION The purpose of the Project is to replace the existing low-water crossing spanning the Coachella Valley Storm Water Channel (CVSC) at Dune Palms Road with an all-weather access bridge. The proposed improvements will accomplish the following in the Project area:  Provide safe access across the CVSC (Whitewater River) during all-weather events  Provide reliable route for emergency vehicles, motorists, pedestrians, and bicyclists  Achieve the City’s General Plan goals for the corridor The Project is located immediately north of Highway 111 and south of Westward Ho Drive in the City of La Quinta, western Riverside County, California (Figure 2). Located entirely within the City limits of La Quinta, the Project is depicted on the La Quinta 7.5 minute USGS quadrangle in Sections 20 and 29; Township 5 South, Range 7 East, San Bernardino Baseline and Meridian (Figure 2). PROJECT DESCRIPTION The Project proposes to remove the existing low-water crossing of Dune Palms Road at the CVSC in the City of La Quinta, Riverside County. The crossing will be replaced with a 480 feet long and 86 feet wide four-span bridge. The bridge typical section consists of six-foot sidewalk on both sides of the bridge, two (2) eight-foot outside shoulders also serving as bike/golf cart lanes, a 10 foot raised median, two (2) eleven-foot travel lanes, and two (2) twelve-foot travel lanes (Figure Appendix D-1). The proposed configuration will be consistent with the existing four lane roadway section to the south, and the City’s current improvement project to the north (project number 2009-04), which will widen Dune Palms Road from two to four lanes with a median and left turn lanes. The proposed improvements will include a reconstruction of the north and south bridge approaches to accommodate the significant raised profile of the roadway. In order to match the roadway section on the south side of the bridge, the Project’s construction limits will be extended to 239 feet north of Highway 111. On the north side of the bridge, the construction limits are extended along Dune Palms Road to the north and includes a portion of the vacant lots, Accessor’s Parcel Numbers (APNs) 600-030-004 & 600-030-021), located approximately 850 Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 3 feet north of the storm water channel. The vacant lots are owned by the City and will be offered by the City in the bidding documents to be used for storage and construction staging by the contractor for the construction of this Project. As a part of the bridge construction, concrete slope protection will be installed along the north side of the channel. Additionally, minor removal and replacement of slope protection will be required on the south side of the channel west of the proposed bridge and extension of slope protection approximately 465 feet east (downstream) of the proposed bridge. The slope protection is needed for scour countermeasures. As a result of the proposed cast-in-place drilled shaft bridge construction, scour protection within the bottom of the channel should not be required. The installation of the concrete slope protection will require the existing channel bank to be excavated at a 1.5:1 (horizontal to vertical) slope to the bottom of the channel, then at a 1:1 slope to the bottom of the slope protection. The current dirt channel bank is at an approximate slope of 2:1 to 2.5:1. A portion of archaeological site P-33-16950 is located within the proposed construction activities for the slope protection. Extended Phase I (XPI) testing is proposed to determine the subsurface extent of the site which is currently unknown at this location. As a result of the existing low water crossing acting as a quasi-grade control structure for the CVSC, sediment has been deposited on the upstream side of the channel from Dune Palms Road since the original construction. Additionally, on the downstream side of the Dune Palms Road crossing, the channel has an area of scour. Therefore the elevation differential between the upstream and downstream channel bottom approximately eleven (11) feet. The Project will grade the bottom of the channel 300 feet west and east, up and downstream, respectively, of the crossing to provide a uniform channel bottom slope within the Project Area. The Project will also include the following additional improvements:  Railing Architectural Treatment. The bridge design will incorporate railing architectural treatment as required by the City’s standard design.  Integration of a Regional Bike/Pedestrian/ Neighborhood Electric Vehicles (NEV) Corridor (CV Link). The Coachella Valley Association of Governments (CVAG) and the communities within the Coachella Valley are working together on the implementation of a regional CV Link along Whitewater River and Coachella Valley Storm Water Channel. The Project design will be consistent with these plans by allowing for the integration of a trail under crossing within the southern slope protection, which also includes a trail connector to the pedestrian and bike facilities proposed along Dune Palms Road in the Project Area.  Utility Relocation. The Project will require utility relocations for the Imperial Irrigation District (IID) overhead electrical distribution lines, adjustment to the both water valve can and lids and the manhole covers, minor 12 inch ductile iron pipe Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 4 water main relocations at each bridge abutment, and relocation of both a 12 inch and 18 inch sewer line, under the operations of Coachella Valley Water District (CVWD), at the northern bridge abutment. Both the water main and sewer line relocations would be minor in nature, with the relocation limited to the existing road right and/or channel of way. The relocation of the overhead electrical lines is considered by IID as a minor relocation, due to a parallel underground system along the west side of Dune Palms Road. The Project will coordinate with IID on providing the missing underground link crossing the channel through the placement of conduit on the proposed bridge. The placement of the electrical system on the bridge will mostly likely allow IID to eliminate the overhead distribution facility along the east side of the road. For the water main, the relocation is also considered minor by CVWD standards. The two possible solutions for relocation would be either minor realignment work at the two abutments to eliminate any possible conflicts with abutment construction or relocation of the full length crossing the channel onto the bridge. All utility relocation will be within the current APE. The Project will require right-of-way acquisition from three parcels within the APE, located in the northeast, southwest and southeast corners of the proposed bridge or APNs 600-030-010, 600-390-021 and 600-030-018 respectively. APNs 600-030-010 and 600-030-018 will require both street right of way acquisition as well as a temporary construction easement, and APN 600- 390-021 will require only a temporary construction easement. Note, the Project will not require any additional street right of way nor construction easements from the High School property (APN 600-010-004) located at the northwest corner of the Project. The existing development at the northeast corner of the proposed bridge consists of a Mobile Home Park with one single family home (APN 600-030-010). Some of the mobile homes adjacent to the Dune Palms Road are encroaching within the street right of way. The Project may require the acquisition of the single-family home site and relocation of two mobile homes residents. The Project will be designed to avoid and minimize relocation impacts of the mobile homes. The existing roadway will be modified to construct a temporary bypass road. The temporary bypass will allow for staged construction of the bridge, and maintain vehicle and pedestrian access at all times. Temporary and short term access impact may occur during construction, and will require coordination with property owners, the public, and other stakeholders. Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 5 Figure 2. Project Location Map Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 6 The proposed construction of the all-weather bridge at this location will require the raising of Dune Palms Road on both the northern and southern roadway approaches to accommodate the required flood flows conditions for the CVSC. The centerline of the road will be raised approximately 9.5 feet at the northern approach and approximately 12.9 feet at the southern approach. As noted above, the majority of the roadway approach work on the Project will be under a fill condition. Minor grading will be required to prepare the existing ground to accept the fill material necessary to accommodate the proposed profile grade. At the south roadway approach along the east side of Dune Palms Road, the proposed fill will create a slope that will generally extend between 32 to 50 feet from the existing eastern edge of Dune Palms Road to the new toe of slope. At this location, the Project will most likely require a temporary construction easement outside of the noted toe of slope to allow for the construction of the slope. The current temporary construction easement is anticipated to be 55 feet from the existing street right of way. Within the area under the proposed fill slope embankment between the existing edge of pavement and the toe of slope, the existing ground will need to be over excavated up to 12 inches and re- compacted prior to initiating any placement of embankment fill (Figures Appendix D-1 to D-3). Along the west side of the roadway approach south of the channel, the abutting land has been fully developed making it likely that a retaining wall will be constructed along the right of way line to accommodate the proposed change in roadway grade. Along this frontage, the existing ground will need to be excavated up to 3 feet to allow for the placement of the wall footing. Note, the current ground is approximately 2 to 3 feet lower than the existing ground in the undeveloped condition. Therefore, the prior noted excavation depth for the proposed retaining wall will be 5 to 6 feet below the undeveloped ground elevation. AREA OF POTENTIAL EFFECTS The Area of Potential Effects (APE) includes both horizontal and vertical limits (Figure 3). The APE totals 48.5 acres. The horizontal limits of the APE north of the CVSC are along the existing street right-of-way, along the west side of Dune Palms Road and include the entire intersection of Westward Ho Drive/Blackhawk Way and Dune Palms Road. The eastern extent of the APE north of the CVSC includes the intersection of Westward Ho Drive/Blackhawk Way and Dune Palms Road and continues east approximately 500 feet to encompass the entireties of city-owned APNs 600-030-020, 600-030-004 and 600-030-021 as well as privately owned APNs 600-030- 019 and 600-030-010. The 35,000 square foot staging area is located within APNs 600-030-021 and 600-030-004. The Dune Palms Mobile Estates mobile home park is located within APN 600- 030-010. South of the Dune Palms Mobile Estates, the APE includes an approximately 750 foot wide section of the CVSC; this includes approximately 450 feet east of Dune Palms Road and approximately 300 feet west of Dune Palms Road. South of the CVSC, the western limit includes all of APN 600-390-021 as well as portions of the La Quinta Corporate Center (APNs 600-390- Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 7 023 and 600-390-010). The eastern extent of the APE south of the CVSC includes the entirety of APNs 600-030-018. South of the storm water channel, work outside of the existing street right of way will occur on both sides of Dune Palms Road. North of the channel, work outside of the existing street right of way will occur along the east side of Dune Palms Road. The utility relocation is not included in the vertical APE because it does not require any ground disturbing work. The overhead electrical line along the east side of Dune Palms, south of the channel will be abandoned and relocated to the west side through an existing underground conduit system. A large majority of the Project, excluding the bridge section, is within a fill condition where the placement of fill on top of the over excavated existing ground will occur; therefore, the following indicates the anticipated excavation depths per specific Project areas. The typical maximum vertical excavation of the APE outside of the stormwater channel area would be 1 foot in undisturbed areas outside of the existing street right of way section (west of Dune Palms and south of the stormwater channel). During ground disturbing activities in these undisturbed areas it is possible that construction may unintentionally extend to a depth great then 1 foot. As a precaution, a buffer has been added to the vertical APE to encompass any such incidents. The maximum vertical depth of the APE for this portion of the Project is 2 feet. The maximum vertical depth of the APE within the existing roadway street right of way section and within previously disturbed areas (mobile home park) is a maximum of 4 feet. The maximum vertical depth of the APE for the portion of the Project within the channel area is up to 80 feet of excavation for the bridge piers and up to 40 feet of excavation along the channel banks for the installation of the concrete slope protection. The construction of bridge piers would be accomplished by a large diameter (8 foot) auger. Construction activities parallel to the Stormwater channel will not extend any further south than the previously installed sewer main. Therefore, the location of the sewer main would be the southernmost boundary of any proposed construction activities on this Project (Appendix D-2). Table 1 is a summary of the anticipated depths of proposed fill and excavation per work location. Figure Appendix D-3 shows a profile view of the depths for the sewer main excavations parallel to Dune Palms Road and the stormwater channel. Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 8 Table 1 Anticipated Depths of Proposed Excavation by Work Location Location Fill or Excavation Depth Description South Approach Road Fill 0.0 ft - ~12.0 ft Ex. pavement area will be removed and fill material placed to raise roadway profile South Approach, East Slope Excavation & Fill 1.0 ft excavation 0.0 ft - ~12.0 ft fill Area from edge of proposed roadway to the toe of slope will be over excavation 1.0’, re-compacted and between 0 and 12 ft of fill placed over area. South Approach, West Slope Excavation & Fill 3 ft excavation ~2 - 6 ft fill Area from edge of proposed roadway to the right of way line will be in fill with a proposed retaining wall along the right of way. Noted excavation depth for the anticipated foundation and footing for the wall. South Channel Bank Excavation ~40 ft Area parallel to the channel from Dune Palms to the east ~300 ft will excavate up to ~40 ft for the placement of concrete slope protection. Bride Piers Channel Excavation ~80 ft 12 locations within the channel, 8 ft diameter shafts will be excavated / augered to a depth of ~80 ft which will become the foundation of the bridge. The APE map was signed by Steven Holm, Associate Environmental Planner (Archaeology) (PQS), Sean Yeung, Local Assistance Project Engineer for Caltrans District 8 on ______. PROJECT PERSONNEL All personnel meet the Secretary of the Interior’s Standards for Archaeology and Historic Preservation (36 CFR Part 61). Qualifications of Cogstone personnel are provided in Appendix A. Sherri Gust was the Project Manager and Principal Investigator and managed all work, prepared the Prehistoric Setting and Ethnography sections and reviewed the report. Ms. Gust has a B.S. in Anthropology from the University of California at Davis and an M.S. in Anatomy from the University of Southern California and more than 35 years of experience and is a Registered Professional Archaeologist (RPA). Desireé Martinez was the Assistant Project Manager and replaced Gust as the Principal Investigator in 2015. She conducted the supplemental survey, conducted tribal consultation, Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 9 wrote portions of the report and reviewed the report. Ms. Martinez has a Master of Arts in Anthropology from Harvard University and is a qualified archaeologist with 21 years of experience in southern California. Molly Valasik prepared portions of this report. Ms. Valasik holds an M.A. in Anthropology from Kent State University in Kent, Ohio and she has more than seven years’ experience in southern California archaeology. She is also a RPA. Andre Simmons prepared all the maps and prepared sections of this report. Mr. Simmons holds an M.A. in Anthropology from California State University, Fullerton, and has over six years of experience in California archaeology. He is also a RPA. Lindsey Porras conducted the initial survey. Ms. Porras is a qualified archaeologist with extensive field and laboratory experience including large scale surveys, monitoring, excavations, and artifact recovery and lab analysis. She has a Bachelor of Arts in Anthropology from the University of Nevada, Reno, with a minor in Cultural Anthropology. Porras has six years of experience in California archaeology. Lynn Furnis conducted an additional supplemental survey. Ms. Furnis is a historic archaeologist and holds an M.A. in Anthropology from the University of Nevada, Reno and has over 15 years of experience in California archaeology. She is also a RPA. Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 10 Figure 3. Project Map with APE boundaries Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 11 SOURCES CONSULTED CALIFORNIA HISTORICAL RESOURCES INFORMATION SYSTEM On October 29, 2014, Cogstone staff archaeologist Lindsay Porras conducted a search for archaeological and historical records at the Eastern Information Center (EIC) of the California Historical Resources Information System (CHRIS). The record search covered a one-mile radius around the APE boundaries. The records search indicated that 143 cultural resources investigations have been completed previously within a 1-mile radius of the APE (Appendix B). Of these, 12 studies included portions of the APE (Figure 4). The results of these studies indicate that 120 cultural resources have been identified and documented previously within a 1-mile radius of the APE (Table 2). There are two known archaeological site within the APE (P-33-08692 /CA-RIV-6190 and P-33-16950/CA-RIV-8835) (Figure Appendix D-4). P-33-08692 (CA-RIV-6190) is located at the northwestern corner of the Highway 111 and Dune Palms Road intersection and within the southwest portion of the APE mapped within APNs 600- 390-010, 600-390-007, and 600-390-023. It was recorded as an extensive prehistoric habitation site with five loci of ceramics, burned faunal bone, debitage, burned clay, and fire affected rock in November 1998 by CRM Tech. No human remains were positively identified at the site; however, 23 fragments were identified as possibly human due to their consistency with human cremations in the region. A jasper Cottonwood Triangular projectile point and Salton Buffware ceramic sherds were also recovered from this site. The Cottonwood Triangular projectile point and sherds indicate that this site was a late prehistoric Cahuilla habitation site less than 1000 years old (Love et al. 1998). CRM Tech performed testing at the site in conjunction with monitoring during construction of the Hotel 111 and La Quinta Corporate Centre. The site was not evaluated for inclusion on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) or the California Register of Historical Resources (CRHR) at the time of testing. Based on the testing and monitoring results, Love (2000) stated that the research potential of the site was exhausted and recommended that the site not be considered a historical resource. It is assumed that the site has been destroyed been destroyed by the grading and construction activities of Hotel 111 and the La Quinta Corporate Centre and the USA Gasoline station. P-33-16950 (CA-RIV-8835) is located in the southeastern portion of the APE and was mapped entirely within parcel 600-030-018. The site was initially recorded as a light prehistoric ceramic scatter with daub and fire affected rock in February 2008 by CRM Tech. CRM Tech conducted archaeological subsurface testing and evaluation of the site in April of 2008 (Eddy et al. 2008). Testing included the hand excavation of 8 test units (TUs) measuring 1 meter (m) by 1 m or 1 m Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 12 by 2 m, twenty-three 50 centimeter (cm) by 50 cm shovel test pits (STPs), as well as two backhoe excavated trenches measuring 10 m by 2 m and three 2 m by 1 m backhoe excavated pits (Figure Appendix D-5). The TUs were excavated to 100 cm below ground surface (cmbs), STP depth ranged from 50 cmbs to 100 cmbs, while the backhoe trenches and pits were excavated to 150 cmbs to 250 cmbs. Seven hundred and fourteen artifacts (e.g. prehistoric ceramic sherds, daub/fire affected clay (FAC), groundstone fragments, and rocks) were recovered during surface collection prior to testing. Seven hundred and twelve artifacts consisting of ceramic sherds, marine and freshwater shell, groundstone, charcoal, faunal bone and human remains were recovered from the TUs. Additionally, twenty-seven 1m by 1 m recovery units (RUs) were hand excavated around the location of the human remains resulting an additional 1,125 artifacts and ecofacts. The depth of the RUs ranged from 20 cmbs to 40 cmbs. The report did not report which artifacts were identified at what depth. Based on the testing program CRM Tech concluded that the site in general had “very limited ability to provide important new information for the study of prehistory in the Whitewater River Delta/ Dune Complex and surrounding region, [and] in light of the low quantity of formal artifacts it yielded… the site as a whole does not appear to qualify as a ‘historical resource’." However CRM Tech also stated that since the cremated human remains retain a high degree of Native American traditional cultural value, the portion of the site containing the cremation remains was determined to meet CEQA's definition of a historical resource. Although the testing program at P-33-16950 (CA-RIV-8835) identified artifacts at 250 cm in depth, the type and quantity of artifacts were not listed in the report. Cogstone obtained a copy of the original catalog from Michael Hogan of CRM Tech. The catalog shows that a majority of the artifacts are in the upper 40 cm (1.3 ft) of the site (Table Appendix D-1). Sixteen items were found between 100 cm and 250 cm in depth. These items included 6 pieces of FAC, 1 piece of unburned sandy clay, 5+ pieces of unburned clay, 1 faunal bone fragment, and 3 pieces of charcoal. Of the other 118 cultural resources within 1-mile of the APE, 11 have been evaluated for inclusion on the NRHP and CRHR; however, none of them are currently listed on either register. Five prehistoric and three historic archaeological sites are located within ¼-mile of the APE. One historic built resource, six historic archaeological sites, and 26 prehistoric archaeological sites are located between ¼-mile and ½-mile from the APE. Finally, two historic built resources, four historic archaeological sites, and 71 prehistoric archaeological sites are located between ½-mile and 1 mile from the APE (Table 2). Within the 1 mile record search radius, a total of ten archaeological sites include cremated human remains. These include P-33-150 (CA-RIV-150), P- 33-1177 (CA-RIV-1177), P-33-1178 (CA-RIV-1178), P-33-3659 (CA-RIV-3659), P-33-4754 Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 13 Figure 4. Previous Cultural Investigations within APE, Including the Current Survey Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 14 (CA-RIV-4754), P-33-6862 (CA-RIV-5764), P-33-9517 (CA-RIV-6392), P-33-9728 (CA-RIV- 6484), P-33-10798, and P-33-16950 (CA-RIV-8835). Table 2. Historic Resources within a One-Mile Radius of the APE Primary No. (P-33-) Trinomial (CA- RIV-) Type Description NRHP/ CRHR Status Distance from APE (miles) 150 150H Prehistoric Prehistoric habitation site with human cremations 1 208 208 Prehistoric Prehistoric Tizon pottery sherds 1 1177 1177 Prehistoric Prehistoric habitation site The site has since been destroyed by property development. 1 1178 1178 Prehistoric Prehistoric habitation site with human cremations. 1 1770 1770 Prehistoric Prehistoric pottery sherd. The site could not be relocated during a re-visit on July 25, 2013. 0.5 1972 1972 Prehistoric Prehistoric habitation site. 1 2195 2195 Prehistoric Prehistoric temporary camp with pot sherds and shell. 1 2196 2196 Prehistoric Prehistoric habitation site. 1 2200 2200 Prehistoric Prehistoric habitation site. 0.5 2936 2936 Prehistoric Prehistoric temporary camp. 0.5 3659 3659/H Multi- Component Prehistoric habitation site with human cremations. A historic component also present within the site. 1 3667 3667 Prehistoric Prehistoric temporary camp with Tizon Brown Ware 1 3668 3668 Prehistoric Prehistoric pottery sherd scatter. 1 3679 3679/H Multi- Component Prehistoric temporary camp consisting of pottery sherds, debitage, a projectile point, burned daub, groundstone, fire- affected rock, and burned faunal remains. Historic trash dump consists of numerous jars, medicine, and beverage bottles, and non-descript rusting metal. 1 3680 3680 Prehistoric Prehistoric pottery scatter and decomposed fire-affected rock. 0.5 3681 3681 Prehistoric Prehistoric temporary camp consisting of pottery sherds, fire-affected rock, and fire-affected clay daub. 0.5 3682 3682 Prehistoric Prehistoric habitation site consisting of pottery sherds, fire-affected clay daub, 0.5 Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 15 Primary No. (P-33-) Trinomial (CA- RIV-) Type Description NRHP/ CRHR Status Distance from APE (miles) faunal remains, debitage and fire- affected rock. 3683 3683 Prehistoric Prehistoric temporary camp consisting of fire-affected rock, pottery sherds including Topco Buff Ware and Tizon Brown Ware, a yellow-jasper Desert Side Notch projectile point fragment, debitage, groundstone fragments, a core, and faunal bone. 1 3795 3795 Prehistoric Prehistoric temporary camp with brownware rim sherds and one quartzite flake. 1 3866 3866 Prehistoric Prehistoric temporary camp consisting of scattered and concentrated fine-bone and shell midden, charcoal, burned clay daub, fire-affected rock, a white quartz biface, and sparse pot sherds. 1 4745 4745 Prehistoric Prehistoric temporary camp consisting of brownware sherds and burned granite. Designated as ineligible for listing through survey evaluation. 6Z 0.5 4746 4746 Prehistoric Prehistoric habitation site consisting of three rock clusters, one heavily burnt olivella barrel bead, pieces of brownware pottery sherds, debitage, shell, bone, carbon, and clay. 0.5 4747 4747 Historic Historic building remnants consisting of three concrete foundation, bricks, and trash. 1 4748 4748/H Historic Historic structures consisting of two concrete water valve towers, piping, and an old barbed-wire fence. Designated as ineligible for listing though survey evaluation. 6Z 0.25 4749 4749/H Historic Historic structural remnant consisting of a concrete-slab house foundation, walkway, driveway, retaining wall, concrete water valve tower, concrete slab shack foundation, old piping, barbed wire fence, and depression-era trash. Designated as ineligible for listing though survey evaluation. 6Z 0.25 Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 16 Primary No. (P-33-) Trinomial (CA- RIV-) Type Description NRHP/ CRHR Status Distance from APE (miles) 4750 4750/H Multi- Component Historic trash scatter consisting of two piles of historic cans. Prehistoric component consists of a few pieces of plain brownware sherds. Designated as ineligible for listing though survey evaluation. 6Z 0.25 4752 4752 Prehistoric Prehistoric temporary camp consisting of a light scatter of shell, small mammal bone, and a few plain brownware pottery sherds. Designated as ineligible for listing though survey evaluation. 6Z 0.5 4753 4753 Prehistoric Prehistoric temporary camp consisting of a small amount of charcoal, one small mammal bone fragment, one freshwater snail fragment, and three small brownware sherds. 1 4754 4754 Prehistoric Prehistoric habitation site consisting of six features, groundstone, groundstone fragments, one Cottonwood Triangular projectile point, one brown chert flake, one milky chalcedony flake, burned and unburned granite and basalt, brownware pottery sherds, including one cooking pot and a possible olla, as well as freshwater shell, faunal bone, and one human skull fragment. 1 4755 4755/H Historic Historic dirt road that appears on the USGS 1941 15' map. Designated as ineligible for listing though survey evaluation. 6Z 0.5 4756 4756/H Historic Historic concrete water-valve tower, old piping, and an old fence running approximately 1/4 mile N/S along Adams Street. This fence was apparently also connected to another fence running eastward at the north, south some 150 meters, and west again toward the southern end of the old fence to form a large fenced enclosure. Designated as ineligible for listing though survey evaluation. 6Z 1 Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 17 Primary No. (P-33-) Trinomial (CA- RIV-) Type Description NRHP/ CRHR Status Distance from APE (miles) 4757 4757/H Historic Historic concrete slab foundation, walkway, driveway, concrete water- valve tower, old piping, standing shack, and depression-era trash. 0.5 5233 5233 Prehistoric Prehistoric lakeshore habitation site containing a very high density of ceramic and lithic artifact scatter. Also, thousands of small and medium sized mammal and fish bones fragments. Appears eligible for listing on the national register through survey evaluation. 3S 1 5351 5351 Prehistoric Prehistoric site consisting of ceramic sherd scatter. 1 6862 5764 Prehistoric Prehistoric cremation remains, burned clay fragments, 1 gray wonder stone bifacial tip, projectile points, faunal remains. 1 6863 5765 Prehistoric Prehistoric fire-affected rock, burned and unburned mammal bone, pottery sherds, ceramic production by-products, flake stone debitage of quartz and wonder stone 1 6864 5766 Prehistoric Prehistoric surface assemblage 1 6865 5767 Prehistoric Prehistoric burned and unburned bone and fire-affected rock. 1 6866 5773 Prehistoric Prehistoric burned and unburned pottery sherds, burned and unburned small and medium fish and mammal bone, ground stone, charcoal, shell, fire- affected rock, possible remnants of ceramic production (burned and unshaped clay fragments). 1 6867 5769 Prehistoric Prehistoric pottery sherds, burned and unburned small mammal bone, charcoal. 1 6868 5770 Prehistoric Prehistoric pottery sherds, ground stone fragments, shell, bone and fire-affected rock. 1 6869 5771 Prehistoric Prehistoric site consisting of pottery sherds, groundstone fragments, shell, fish, and small mammal bone, flaked quartz stone, charcoal, and fire-affected rock. 1 Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 18 Primary No. (P-33-) Trinomial (CA- RIV-) Type Description NRHP/ CRHR Status Distance from APE (miles) 6870 5772 Historic Historic trash debris; solder-drop cans. 1 6871 Prehistoric Prehistoric isolate consisting of pottery sherds. 1 6878 5774 Prehistoric Prehistoric site consisting of burned and unburned pottery sherds, burned and unburned small mammal and fish bone, ground stone, charcoal, shell, fire- affected rock, and possible remnants of ceramic production (burned unshaped clay fragments). 1 7417 Prehistoric Prehistoric Jasper concave-based Cottonwood series projectile point. 0.5 7808 7808 Multi- Component Prehistoric shell and bone fragment scatter with an isolate brownware fragment. Historic trash scatter consisting of metal car parts and cans 0.5 7834 Prehistoric Prehistoric isolated mano fragment. 1 7835 5828 Prehistoric Prehistoric pottery sherds, fire-affected rock, semi-burned clay, shell, burned small animal bone 0.5 7839 5832 Prehistoric Prehistoric imported granite (some burned), burned animal bone, andesitic debitage and mano fragment. 0.25 7853 5840 Prehistoric Prehistoric pottery sherds, fire-affected rock, fragment of a stone pestle, lithic debitage, and possible remnants of a burnt clay structure floor. 0.5 7854 5841 Prehistoric Prehistoric pottery sherds, fire-affected rock, semi-burned unshaped clay rocks. 0.5 7855 5842 Prehistoric Prehistoric hearth, pottery sherds, mano stone, charcoal, lithic waste, and fire- affected rocks. 0.5 7856 5843 Prehistoric Prehistoric pottery sherd scatter. 0.5 7857 5844 Prehistoric Prehistoric pottery sherd scatter. 0.5 7858 7858 Prehistoric Prehistoric brownware pottery sherds with fine sand temper, one burned edge, and possible fingernail punctuates, and fire cloud. 1 7895 Historic Historic isolated manganese-adds (amethyst purple) glass fragment; rim portion of tumbler 1 7897 Prehistoric Prehistoric isolated buffware sherd. 1 Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 19 Primary No. (P-33-) Trinomial (CA- RIV-) Type Description NRHP/ CRHR Status Distance from APE (miles) 8154 6059 Prehistoric Prehistoric site consisting of ceramic scatter, hearths, burned bone, freshwater mussel shell, abalone, biface fragment, and baked or fired clay fragments. 1 8155 6060 Prehistoric Prehistoric hearth consisting of fir- affected rocks, charcoal flecks, and unshaped clay fragments. 1 8156 6064 Historic Historic ceramics (plain, ironstone, transfer ware, milk glass, etc.), 1 large metal frame, and a white painted metal basin. 0.5 8157 6063/H Historic Historic trash dump containing tin cans, glass fragments, milk glass (tea cup fragment), plain ironstone, transfer ware, enamel ware, re-fused clear glass, heavily oxidized metal. 0.5 8158 8158 Historic Historic isolate consisting of oxidized metal frame 0.5 8231 6075 Multi- Component Prehistoric temporary camp consisting of brownware and buffware pottery scatter, debitage, 1 point fragment (Cottonwood Triangular), 11 small bone fragments, burned clay fragments, glass, metal, plastic fragments, and charcoal (probably modern). 0.5 8288 6092 Prehistoric Prehistoric brownware and buffware sherds, burned clay fragments, unidentified bone fragment, 1 ground stone fragment, and thermally affected rock fragments. 1 8416 6135 Prehistoric Prehistoric pottery sherds, chipped stone flakes, fire-affected rock, and lightly scattered clay pieces. 1 8422 6141 Prehistoric Prehistoric scatter of partially fired clay and a half dozen pieces of fire-affected rock with 1 mano fragment and 1 pottery sherd. 1 8426 6145 Prehistoric Prehistoric site consisting of ceramic sherds and a dozen pieces of fire- affected rocks. 1 Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 20 Primary No. (P-33-) Trinomial (CA- RIV-) Type Description NRHP/ CRHR Status Distance from APE (miles) 8692 6190 Prehistoric Prehistoric site consisting of large loci and small loci. Large loci consist of ceramics, burned bone, lithic debitage, burned clay, and fire-affected rock. The site record indicates that this site has not been evaluated for listing on either the National or the California registers. 7 within 8727 6216 Prehistoric Prehistoric site consisting of ceramics, burnt clay, and charcoal. 1 8728 6217 Prehistoric Prehistoric site consisting of ceramics, burnt clay, charcoal, and FAR. Small concentrations of brownware and buffware pottery sherds were found at the site. 1 8729 6218 Prehistoric Prehistoric ceramics, fire-cracked rock, and burnt clay. 1 8730 6219 Prehistoric Prehistoric ceramics, shellfish, FAR, burnt clay, mano, and scraper core. 0.5 8731 6220 Prehistoric Prehistoric ceramics, shell, fish and mammal bone, and charcoal. 1 8732 6221 Prehistoric Prehistoric ceramics, shellfish, burnt clay, and charcoal. 1 8733 6222 Prehistoric Prehistoric ceramics, burnt clay, and charcoal. 1 8734 6223 Prehistoric Prehistoric ceramics, shellfish, burnt clay, and charcoal. 1 8735 6224 Prehistoric Prehistoric ceramics, lithics, burnt clay, and charcoal. 1 8736 6225 Prehistoric Prehistoric ceramics, shellfish, mammal and fishbone, burnt clay, fire-cracked rock, and pieces of groundstone. 1 8737 6226 Prehistoric Prehistoric brownware and buffware pottery, charcoal, and shellfish fragments. 1 8738 6227 Prehistoric Prehistoric ceramic scatter, brownware found on surface, and 2 shell fragments. 1 8739 6228 Prehistoric Prehistoric ceramic scatter, concentrations of brownware and buffware pottery sherds, shellfish, burnt clay, and charcoal fragments. 1 8740 6229 Prehistoric Prehistoric lithic and ceramic scatter, concentrations of brownware and buffware pottery sherds, burnt clay, charcoal, and ground stone fragments. 1 Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 21 Primary No. (P-33-) Trinomial (CA- RIV-) Type Description NRHP/ CRHR Status Distance from APE (miles) 8741 6230 Prehistoric Prehistoric light lithic scatter, ceramic scatter with concentration of brownware and buffware, shellfish, burnt clay, and animal bone. 1 8742 6231 Prehistoric Prehistoric habitation site consisting of ceramics, shellfish, fire-cracked rock, burnt clay, and associated pieces of charcoal. 0.5 8842 6276 Prehistoric Prehistoric pottery sherd scatter containing six potsherds. 1 8844 Prehistoric Prehistoric isolate consisting of one brownware sherd 1 8846 Prehistoric Prehistoric isolate consisting of one brownware sherd 1 9461 6376 Prehistoric Prehistoric habitation site consisting of pottery sherds that are predominantly brownware, chipped stone artifacts, groundstone artifacts (mano fragments, metate fragments), pieces of bone, pieces of baked clay, freshwater shell fragments, and small quantities of fire- cracked rock and charcoal. 1 9514 6389 Prehistoric Prehistoric temporary camp consisting of a sparse scatter of four bone fragments and four ceramic sherds. 1 9517 6392 Prehistoric Prehistoric human cremation with associated ceramic sherds. 1 9643 6441/H Multi- Component Multi-component site consisting of charcoal, ceramic sherds, pieces of clay, one basalt flake, one piece of bone, freshwater shell fragments, groundstone, fire-affected rock, glass shards, and pieces of metal. 0.5 9644 6442/H Multi- Component Multi-component site consisting of two features (a cluster of granitic rocks and a patch of burned soil containing fire- affected rocks), pottery sherds, clay, lithic flakes, pieces of bone, two fragments of burnt Anodonta shell, two rocks, and two glass shards. 0.5 Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 22 Primary No. (P-33-) Trinomial (CA- RIV-) Type Description NRHP/ CRHR Status Distance from APE (miles) 9645 6443 Prehistoric Prehistoric temporary camp consisting of charcoal, pottery sherds, pieces of clay, lithic flakes, bone fragments, one freshwater shell fragment, and one fire- affected rock fragment 0.25 9646 6444 Prehistoric Prehistoric temporary camp consisting of charcoal and ten pottery sherds 0.25 9647 6445 Prehistoric Prehistoric habitation site consisting of ceramic sherds, groundstone fragments, charcoal, and pieces of fire-affected rock. 1 9727 6483 Prehistoric Prehistoric temporary camp consisting of fire-affected rock, ceramics, and groundstone. 1 9728 6484 Prehistoric Prehistoric habitation site consisting of ceramics, bone, human cremation, lithics, groundstone, shell beads, fire- affected rocks. 1 10797 Prehistoric Prehistoric isolate consisting of four large undiagnostic brownware sherds from the same pot. 0.5 10798 Prehistoric Prehistoric isolate consisting of a human cremation containing 40 burned bone fragments. 0.5 10814 Prehistoric Prehistoric isolate consisting of one buffware potsherd. 0.5 12299 7022 Prehistoric Prehistoric scatter of pottery sherds, fire-affected rocks, and bones. 1 12346 Prehistoric Prehistoric isolate consisting of one pottery sherd. 1 12347 Prehistoric Prehistoric isolate consisting of two pieces of gold/brown jasper material with percussion scarring. 1 12348 Prehistoric Prehistoric isolate consisting of one eroded pottery sherd associated with fire-affected granitic rock. 1 12349 Prehistoric Prehistoric isolate consisting of one pottery sherd. 1 12350 Prehistoric Prehistoric isolate consisting of one piece of fire-affected rock with a small amount of charcoal. 1 12351 Prehistoric Prehistoric isolate consisting of one piece of Tizon brownware pottery. 1 Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 23 Primary No. (P-33-) Trinomial (CA- RIV-) Type Description NRHP/ CRHR Status Distance from APE (miles) 12352 Prehistoric Prehistoric Isolate consisting of one grinding stone fragment. 1 16950 8835 Prehistoric Prehistoric habitation site with surface and sub-surface artifacts. Artifacts and ecofacts were collected including ceramic sherds, daub/fire-affected clay, groundstone fragments, lithics, freshwater shell, charcoal, rock, and faunal bone. Cremated human remains were also found in one of the test units. The site record indicates that because of the presence of cremated human remains, the site is designated as appearing to be eligible for listing on the California Register. 3CS within 16968 Historic Historic isolate consisting of a Mission beverages soda bottle featuring an applied color label, manufactured by the Owens-Illinois Glass Company in 1950 at their Los Angeles, California plant. 0.5 16969 Historic Historic isolate consisting of a small, clear pharmaceutical glass bottle with a mineral-style finish that accepted a cork. The Owens suction scar on the base, coupled with the finish style, suggest a manufacture date between 1905 and the 1920's. 0.25 16971 Historic Historic isolate consisting of a clear glass bottle with pump mechanism. The irregular base seam and uneven base suggest a historic date. 0.5 16972 Prehistoric Prehistoric isolate consisting of one secondary quartz flake. 0.5 16973 Historic Historic isolate consisting of a small plain bottle, likely a food seasoning, or spice bottle that has a continuous threaded finish to accept a screw cap. Suction scar on the base indicates its manufacture on an Owens automatic bottle machine around the 1920's. 1 Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 24 Primary No. (P-33-) Trinomial (CA- RIV-) Type Description NRHP/ CRHR Status Distance from APE (miles) 17105 Prehistoric Prehistoric temporary camp consisting of a small pit feature with clearly defined charcoal stain, fire-affected earth, bits of charcoal, two Tizon brownware potsherds, and fragments of burned and unburned Anodonta shells and small mammal bones. 6Z 0.25 23892 Prehistoric Prehistoric isolate consisting of one milky white chert secondary ridge flake. 1 23893 Prehistoric Prehistoric isolate consisting of a tested obsidian cobble. 1 Historic 46370 Cameo Palms Dr. built in 1920. Status code indicates it needs to be reevaluated. HRI# 060598 7N 1 Historic 46135 Washington St. built in 1930 known as Pt. Happy Ranch. Designated as an individual property eligible for local listing. HRI# 060596/060597 5S2 1 OTHER SOURCES A variety of additional historical sources and listings were consulted by Simmons in November 2014 to obtain information regarding the APE (Table 3). Sources include the NRHP, the CRHR, California Historical Resources Inventory (CHRI), California Historical Landmarks (CHL) and California Points of Historical Interest (CPHI). The City of La Quinta also maintains a Historic Resources Inventory Database (HRID). There are currently no resources listed on the La Quinta HRID within 1-mile of the APE. Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 25 Table 3. Additional Sources Consulted Source Results National Register of Historic Places (NRHP; 1979-2002 & supplements) Negative Historic United States Geological Survey Topographic Maps Negative Historic United States Department of Agriculture Aerial Photographs Positive: Three available for the APE; 1996 shows no development; 2002 shows USA Gasoline Station; 2005 shows USA Gasoline Station and La Quinta Corporate Centre California Register of Historical Resources (CRHR; 1992-2010) Negative California Historical Resources Inventory (CHRI; 1976-2010) Positive California Historical Landmarks (CHL; 1995 & supplements to 2010) Negative California Points of Historical Interest (CPHI; 1992 to 2010) Negative California Department of Transportation Historic Bridge Inventory (Caltrans 2014) Negative Local Historical Register Listings Negative Bureau of Land Management General Land Office Records Positive: Southern Pacific Railroad 1866; State of California 1927 NATIVE AMERICAN CONSULTATION A search of the sacred lands file was requested by Cogstone staff from the Native American Heritage Commission (NAHC) on October 22, 2014. On November 6, 2014, the Commission responded stating there that the search failed to indicate the presence of Native American cultural resources in the immediate vicinity. The NAHC also requested that 20 Native American tribes or individuals be contacted for further information regarding the general Project vicinity (Appendix C). Letters and/or emails, requesting information on any additional known cultural resources heritage sites, and containing maps and Project information, were sent to the 20 Native American contacts on November 12, 2014. Additional emails and/or phone calls were made on December 1 and 9, 2014 to the contacts who did not respond to previous contact attempts. Another contact attempt was initiated on June 18, 2015 in order to specify that the Project was federally funded and that Caltrans is acting as the lead agency under Section 106 as well as Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 26 provide a map of the new APE. In December 2015, Torres–Martinez was specifically consulted regarding the location of a reburial that occurred at P-33-16950 (CA-RIV-8835). All consultation correspondence and contact log that Cogstone completed are provided along with the Appendix C. The results of tribal consultation completed by Caltrans will be incorporated into this ASR once it has been completed. We acknowledge that consultation is still ongoing for this Project and this section is incomplete.  Agua Caliente Band of Mission Indians - On December 11, 2014, Patricia Garcia, THPO, on behalf of the Agua Caliente Band of Mission Indians indicated that the Project Area is not located within the boundaries of Tribe's Reservation. However, it is within the Tribe's Traditional Use area (TUA). Ms. Garcia requested the presence of an approved Native American Cultural Resource Monitor during any ground disturbing activities (including archaeological testing and surveys). If buried cultural deposits are encountered, the monitor may request that destructive construction halt and that the monitor shall notify a qualified archaeologist (Secretary of the Interior Standards and Guidelines) to investigate and, if necessary, prepare a mitigation plan for submission to the State Historic Preservation Officer and the Agua Caliente Tribal Historic Preservation Office. Ms. Garcia also requested the presence of an archaeologist that meets the Secretary of the Interior' standards during any ground disturbing activities and indicated that the Tribe is particularly concerned with site P-33-8692 (CA-RIV-6190) because it was recorded within the Project Area.  Augustine Band of Mission Indians - On November 25, 2014 Mary Ann Green, Chairperson of the Augustine Band of Mission Indians indicated that she is unaware of specific cultural resources that may be affected by the proposed Dune Palms Project. However, she recommended that a Native American monitor be present during all pre- construction and construction phases of the Project. She also asked to be notified if any cultural resources are discovered.  Cabazon Band of Mission Indians - On November 19th, 2014, Ms. Judy Strapp on behalf of the Cabazon Mission Indians indicated that the Dune Palms Project is located outside of the Tribe's current reservation boundaries. The Tribe has no specific archival information on the site indicating that it may be a sacred/religious site or other site of Native American cultural value.  Cahuilla Band of Indians - On December 9, 2014, Luther Salgado provided updated contact information and received a digital copy of the consultation letter. No further responses were received.  Los Coyotes Band of Mission Indians - On December 9, 2014, Cogstone was informed that John Prada is responsible for Native American consultation. An email and a voicemail were sent to updated contact. No response to the inquiry was received from Mr. Prada.  Morongo Band of Mission Indians - On December 2, 2014, Denise Torres, on behalf of Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 27 the Morongo Band of Mission Indians, indicated that the Dune Palms Project is located outside of the Morongo reservation boundaries but within an area that may be considered a traditional use area or one in which the Tribe has cultural ties (e.g. Cahuilla/Serrano territory). Ms. Green requested that if human remains are encountered during grading and other construction excavation, work in the immediate vicinity shall cease and the County Coroner shall be contacted pursuant to State Health and Safety Code §7050.5; and, in the event that Native American cultural resources are discovered during Project development/construction, all work in the immediate vicinity of the find shall cease and a qualified archaeologist meeting Secretary of Interior standards shall be hired to assess the find. Work on the overall Project may continue during this assessment period. If significant Native American cultural resources are discovered, for which a Treatment Plan must be prepared, the developer or his archaeologist shall contact the Morongo Band of Mission Indians. Additionally, if requested by the Tribe, the developer or the Project archaeologist shall, in good faith, consult on the discovery and its disposition (e.g. avoidance, preservation, return of artifacts to tribe, etc.). On June 30, 2015, Raymond Huaute responded to the updated consultation letter on behalf of the Morongo Band of Mission Indians and stated that the tribe is aware there were several prehistoric villages in the vicinity of this Project and strongly recommend having a tribal monitor present during all ground disturbing activities. Additionally he stated that Morongo tribal monitors are available in the event that you are not able to secure monitors from any of the other Cahuilla tribes with cultural ties to the area.  Ramona Band of Mission Indians - On December 9, 2014 Cogstone was informed that Mr. John Gomez is responsible for Native American Consultation. A digital copy of the letter was sent to his email. No further response was received.  Santa Rosa Band of Mission Indians - On December 1st, 2014, Terry Hughes, the tribal administrator for the Santa Rosa Band of Mission Indians, informed Cogstone that the City of La Quinta is in the jurisdiction of the Cabazon Tribes and to please defer to them for consultation.  Torres-Martinez Desert Cahuilla Indians - On December 8, 2015, Mike Mirelez, on behalf of the Torres-Martinez Desert Cahuilla Indians requested an on-site meeting to discuss the Project. On December 9, 2015, Martinez, Mirelez and Gary Resvaloso, Cultural Consultant, met at APN 600-030-018 to review the Project scope and to discuss the location of the reburial of the ancestors removed from P-33-8692 (CA-RIV-8835) in 2008. Mirelez stated that the tribe did not have any information regarding the location of the reburial and that the Most Likely Descendant (MLD) for the Project had since passed away. Resvaloso was the Tribal Monitor during the CRM Tech excavations but did not have any reburial locational information since he was not involved in that portion of the project. Resvaloso further stated that usually the MLD would rebury ancestors on the Torres-Martinez reservation, but it is not known if this occurred in this instance. If the reburial occurred on the parcel, it would have been within the 2008 boundaries of the Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 28 RIV-8835 site. Finally, Resvaloso stated that Torres-Martinez considers the whole area, from Washington to Jefferson Streets, to be one huge village site. BACKGROUND The environmental setting section, below, provides information on the environmental factors that affect cultural resources, while the prehistoric and historical settings provide information on the land use history of the general Project region. ENVIRONMENT Located in the Coachella Valley, La Quinta enjoys a subtropical desert climate. The San Jacinto and Santa Rosa Mountains flank the City on the west with the San Bernardino and Little San Bernardino Mountains bordering it on the north and east, respectively. Mean annual rainfall is very low from the desert floor into the foothills, ranging from 3 to 6 inches per year and averaging about 5 to 6 inches along the Little San Bernardino foothills (Coachella Valley Water District n.d.). Most of the rainfall occurs during the cooler months of November through March, but occasional high-intensity thunderstorms and tropical monsoonal storms occur in late summer and early fall. Although the ground may be generally dry at the beginning of a storm, sufficient amounts and intensities of rainfall can saturate the surface, substantially reducing percolation and increasing runoff. Development also increases runoff by creating large areas of impermeable surfaces. Increased runoff upstream can contribute significantly to downstream flooding damage. Summer daytime temperatures can occasionally exceed 125°F and winter temperatures rarely fall below freezing. The surrounding mountain slopes generally receive rainfall that increases with elevation. The mountains and upper elevations surrounding the Project study area are generally cooler, with an approximate 5°F drop with every 1,000-foot increase in elevation. Potential flooding problems in the La Quinta study area are associated with storm flows in the Whitewater River and its tributaries, flooding on the alluvial fans, and to runoff associated with the Indio Hills and the San Bernardino and Little San Bernardino mountain foothills. PREHISTORIC CULTURAL SETTING Approaches to prehistoric frameworks have changed over the years from those being based on material cultural attributes to radiocarbon-based chronologies to those associated with cultural traditions. Archaeologists defined a material complex consisting of an abundance of milling stones (for grinding food items) with few projectile points or vertebrate faunal remains dating from about seven to three thousand years before the present as the “Millingstone Horizon” Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 29 (Wallace 1955). Later, the “Millingstone Horizon” was redefined as a cultural tradition named the Encinitas Tradition (Warren 1968) with various regional expressions including Topanga and La Jolla. Use by archaeologists varied as some adopted a generalized Encinitas Tradition without regional variations, some continued to use “Millingstone Horizon,” and some used Middle Holocene (the geologic time period) to indicate this observed pattern (Sutton and Gardner 2010:1-2). Recently, the generalized use of the “Millingstone Horizon” terminology has been seen to suppress the identification of specific cultural, spatial, and temporal cultural variations that occurred over several thousand years and the coincident movement of peoples, and it is these factors that are seen to be critical to understanding prehistoric adaptation and change (Sutton and Gardner 2010:1-2). The Encinitas Tradition characteristics are abundant metates and manos, crudely made core and flake tools, bone tools, shell ornaments, and very few projectile points with subsistence focusing on collecting (plants, shellfish, etc.). Faunal remains vary by location but include shellfish, land animals, marine mammals and fish (Sutton and Gardner 2010:7). The Encinitas Tradition has been redefined to have four patterns (Sutton and Gardner 2010: 8-25). These are (1) Topanga in coastal Los Angeles and Orange counties, (2) La Jolla in coastal San Diego County, (3) Greven Knoll in inland San Bernardino, Riverside, Orange and Los Angeles counties, and (4) Pauma in inland San Diego County. About 900 B.P. Greven Knoll III groups in the Project area adopted new cultural traits that transformed them into Palomar groups. The Palomar Tradition characteristics include bow and arrow technology, new rock art styles, new settlement and subsistence systems, and Takic languages. The Palomar Tradition is defined to have two patterns (Sutton 2011). These are the San Luis Rey Pattern in the southern California coastal area and the Peninsular Pattern in the inland areas of the northern Peninsular Ranges (e.g., San Jacinto and Santa Rosa mountains) and northern Coachella Valley. PROJECT AREA CULTURES The latest cultural revisions for the Project area define traits for time phases of the Greven Knoll Pattern of the Encinitas Tradition applicable to inland San Bernardino, Riverside, Los Angeles, and Orange counties (Sutton and Gardner 2010). This pattern is subsequently replaced in the Project area by the Peninsular Pattern of the Palomar Tradition later in time (Sutton 2011; Table 4). Greven Knoll sites tend to be in located in the inland valley areas characteristic of the Project area. These inland people apparently did not switch from the use of manos and metates to the use of pestles and mortars that is seen in coastal sites dating to approximately 5000 years ago, Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 30 possibly reflecting their closer relationship with desert cultural peoples who did not exploit acorns. The Greven Knoll toolkit is dominated by manos and metates throughout its 7,500-year extent. In Phase I, other typical characteristics were pinto dart points for atlatls or spears, charmstones, cogged stones, absence of shell artifacts, and flexed position burials (Table 4). In Phase II, Elko dart points for atlatls or spears and core tools are observed along with increased indications of gathering. In Phase III, stone tools including scraper planes, choppers and hammerstones are added to the tool kit, and yucca and plant seeds are staple foods, animals bones are heavily processed (broken and crushed to extract marrow), and burials tend to be marked by stone cairns (Table 4; Sutton and Gardner 2010). Table 4. Cultural Patterns and Phases Phase Dates B.P. Material Culture Other Traits Greven Knoll I 8,500 to 4,000 Abundant manos and metates; Pinto dart points for atlatls or spears; charmstones, cogged stones, and discoidals rare; no mortars or pestles; and general absence of shell artifacts. No shellfish; hunting important; flexed inhumations; and cremations rare. Greven Knoll II 4,000 to 3,000 Abundant manos and mutates; Elko dart points for atlatls or spears; core tools; late discoidals; few mortars and pestles; and general absence of shell artifacts. No shellfish; hunting and gathering important; flexed inhumations; and cremations rare. Greven Knoll III (formerly Sayles complex) 3,000 to 900 Abundant manos and mutates; Elko dart points for atlatls or spears; scraper planes, choppers, and hammerstones; late discoidals; few mortars and pestles; and general absence of shell artifacts. No shellfish; yucca and seeds as staples; hunting important but animal bones also processed; flexed inhumations beneath rock cairns; and cremations rare. Peninsular I 900 to 750 Appearance of small points (Cottonwood points &, Desert Side-notched) for arrows; shaft straighteners; pottery; few stone ornaments or stone pipes; appearance of shell ornaments; use of obsidian glass from Coso, Obsidian Butte, Bagdad, and unknown sources; and use bedrock metates but few mortars and pestles. Adoption of a lacustrine-based subsistence system; movement of people into the northern Coachella Valley from the interior valleys as Lake Cahuilla filled; establishment of major residential bases along the Lake Cahuilla shoreline; and primary pit cremations. Peninsular II 750 to 300 Addition of brown ware pottery, ceramic pipes and figurines; use of same obsidian sources; and the use of stone fish traps as levels of Lake Cahuilla fluctuated and eventually declined. Lacustrine based subsistence; and the appearance of the Peninsular Funerary Complex, with secondary cremations placed in ceramic “containers” and associated mourning ceremonies. Peninsular III 300 to 150 Continued use of Cottonwood and Desert Side-notched points; brown ware and buff ware pottery; primary use of Obsidian Butte as an obsidian source; addition of Adoption of terrestrial-based subsistence system; full-time villages near springs; movement of some people west into the northern Peninsular Ranges as Lake Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 31 new figurine types and cultigens such as melons and squash, and the introduction of Euro-American material culture (e.g., glass beads and metal tools). Cahuilla became desiccated; use of domesticated species obtained from Colorado River Yumans and Euro- Americans; primary pit cremation as the principal mortuary practice; and retention of mourning ceremonies. Note: Adapted from Sutton and Gardner 2010 and Sutton 2011 Early Peninsular sites tend to be near sources of fresh water in valleys. The former Lake Cahuilla played a major role in the prehistory of the Colorado Desert. As detailed above, Lake Cahuilla formed periodically when the Colorado River broke its channel and flowed into the Salton Trough of the Coachella and Imperial Valleys, forming a large, deep body of fresh water. Sutton (2011) suggests that some San Luis Rey I people of Yuman descent split away and migrated east to the northern Peninsular Ranges and the northern Coachella Valley to exploit Lake Cahuilla, and in so doing became Peninsular I. The Peninsular Pattern then developed through the Peninsular I, II and III phases (Sutton 2011). The Peninsular I phase is marked by small points for arrows, the appearance of bedrock mortars indicating use of acorns, pottery, the appearance of shell ornaments, and pit cremations are common. Hunting and gathering of terrestrial resources and the exploitation of Lake Cahuilla’s lacustrine resources resulted in the development of new technologies for waterfowl decoys and fish traps and/or nets (Table 4). The Peninsular II phase has some important new material traits including brown ware pottery, ceramic pipes and figurines, and secondary burials in containers (Table 4). The Peninsular III phase reflects the archaeological signature of the ethnographic groups that had become established in Peninsular I and II phases with the addition of some Euro- American material culture (Table 3; Sutton 2011). ETHNOGRAPHY By the Late Prehistoric period, the Coachella Valley was home to affiliated peoples known as the Cahuilla. They occupied the San Gorgonio Pass (referred to as the Pass Cahuilla), San Jacinto and Santa Rosa Mountains (Mountain Cahuilla), and the Coachella Valley and the northern end of Imperial Valley (Desert Cahuilla; Figure 5). The Cahuilla are linked to other Takic language family groups such as the Serrano and Luiseño, and share many aspects of culture and religion with those tribes. These peoples spoke the Cahuilla language but each person’s primary identity was linked to clan lineage and moiety, rather than tribal affiliation. The two moieties of the Cahuilla were Istam (coyote) and Tuktum (wild cat). Affiliation was inherited from the father’s moiety and members Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 32 of one moiety had to marry into the other group. Each clan was an independent, politically autonomous land-holding unit (Bean 1972, 1978; Strong 1929). In addition to lineage residence areas and clan territory owned in common with other clan members, each lineage had ownership rights to various food collecting and hunting areas. Individuals also “owned” specific areas rich in plant resources, as well as hunting grounds, rock quarry locations, and sacred spots used only by shamans, healers, and ritual practitioners. Cahuilla clans varied in size from several family groups to those composed of several thousand people. Clans were generally situated so that each lineage or community was located near a reliable water source and in proximity to significant food resources. Within each community, house structures were spatially placed at some distance from each other. Often a community would spread over a mile or two in distance with each nuclear and extended family having homes and associated structures for food storage and shaded work places (ramadas) for tool manufacture and food processing. Each community also contained a house clan leader. In more recent times, a ceremonial house (kishumnawat) was placed within each community, and most major religious ceremonies of the clan were held there. In addition, house and ceremonial structures, storage granaries, sweat houses, and song houses (for recreational music) were present. Usually an area within one to three miles contained the bulk of materials needed for daily subsistence, although territories of a given clan might be larger, and longer distances were traveled to get precious exotic resources, usually found in the higher elevations of the surrounding mountains. Figure 5. Cahuilla Territory (Heizer 1978) Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 33 While most daily secular and religious activities took place within the community, there were locations at some distance from the community where people camped for extended periods to harvest acorns or piñon nuts. Throughout the area, there were sacred places used primarily for rituals, intergroup or inter-clan meetings, caches for sacred materials, and locations for use by shamans or medicine men. Generally, hilly, rocky areas, cave sites, or walled cave sites were used for temporary camping, storage of foods, fasting by shamans, and as hunting blinds. Between the mid-1500s and the 1800s, the Cahuilla were variously contacted by Spanish explorers, then Mexican ranchers, and later American settlers. By the mid-1800s, the Cahuilla were fully exposed to new peoples with new cultural ways, opportunities, and constraints. In the 1860s, several epidemics devastated the Cahuilla population and the increasing contact with Europeans continued to have a major impact on their traditional lifeway. Survivors of decimated Cahuilla clans joined villages that were able to maintain their ceremonial, cultural, and economic institutions (Bean 1978). The Cahuilla were influenced by contact with the Patayan peoples of the lower Colorado River area. The Patayan were of the Yuman language family and introduced both floodplain agriculture, the use of ceramics, and bow-and-arrow technology to the Cahuilla approximately 1500 years ago. The Cahuilla were observed by early European explorers and settlers growing small plots of corn, pumpkin, melon, watermelon, barley, and wheat where there were reliable water sources (Schaefer and Laylander 2007: 253). HISTORICAL SETTING The Cahuilla retained control of their ancestral lands longer than most California tribes did, as they were somewhat distant from the established Spanish Missions. The first regular incursion into Cahuilla territory was Hank Brown’s wagon road in the 1850s along what is now the route of Interstate 10 (Lech 2004:137-8). Because of competing economic and political considerations, however, it was not until the mid- 1870s that a serious push to settle the Coachella Valley occurred when the Southern Pacific Railroad transected the western Colorado Desert through the Coachella Valley. This route connected the San Gorgonio Pass to the town of Yuma, Arizona, via the eastern shore of the Salton Sink. Within a decade, the Federal Government gave all the odd-numbered sections of land in the Coachella Valley to the Southern Pacific Railroad, which completed its line through the desert to the Pacific Ocean in 1877. The Southern Pacific later became the Union Pacific Railroad. When President U.S. Grant established the Cahuilla Indian Reservations beginning in 1875, only the even-numbered sections were still available, thus creating the present Reservation Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 34 checkerboard pattern. At the same time, ancestral Cahuilla lands were being granted to American settlers and Cahuilla peoples were being moved onto reservations (Agua Caliente Band of Indians n.d.). Development was very slow and towns were small until relatively recently; however, residential and commercial development is reaching new peaks during the current decade (Lech 2004:142). GEOARCHAEOLOGICAL SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS METHODS The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) National Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) soils map and descriptions (accessed September 2016) and geologic maps (Figure 6) were utilized for this assessment. Using the USDA NRCS maps, the APE was mapped for soils (Figure 7). The most recent soil descriptions provided by the NRCS (accessed November 2016) were utilized for this assessment. Subsurface site preservation depends on many factors. Soils and locations were analyzed for grain sizes, slope, and environmental indicators that contribute to the preservation of sites. Primarily sites accumulate where people have the highest probability of living; on lower slope gradients near water sources but in areas that are unlikely to experience regular flooding. Additionally, lower slope gradients decreases erosion and increases deposition assisting in site burial. Both pebbly and coarser grain sizes as well as clay rich soils preserve artifacts poorly. The age of a soil also determines the likelihood of buried archaeological sites and must be assessed as the older soils are less likely to contain sites unless items were intentionally buried in them. Soils likely too old for site preservation have duripans (hardpans), and argillic (clay rich) horizons; while younger soils with a higher potential for preservation are indicated by the lack of a B horizon or the presence of a cambic horizon. Both Holocene alluvial and aeolian units have a higher potential for artifacts as the soils were co-deposited with the local cultural groups. Classifications for buried site potential are as follows: Very low: Soils are underlain by deposits that predate human occupation of the region. The soils that include B, argillic or silicic (duripan) horizons. Additionally exposed bedrock, borrow pits, heavily eroded or gullied land, or water bodies have a very low potential. Areas of high erosion, water, borrow pits, rock outcrops or sediments mapped as Pleistocene or older are also classified as having a very low potential. Low: Soils are underlain by deposits that predate human occupation of the region, high-energy deposits unlikely to contain cultural materials in a primary context, are residual soils (soils weathered in place above bedrock), or include B horizons. Low-potential areas include Inceptisols. Although these soils commonly have a higher probability for buried sites, Inceptisols are formed in residual soils weathered directly from bedrock and, thus, have a low potential for Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 35 buried sites. Areas where soils are weathered from bedrock, dissected alluvial fans and locations where soils are forming on mountains are classified as having a low potential. Medium: Soils are underlain by deposits that are most likely terminal Pleistocene or Holocene in age, possibly have intact buried surfaces, or have sediments that are likely to have been deposited in a low-energy environment. Alluvial fans, fan aprons, valley fills, dissected remnants of alluvial fans, floodplains, and drainages are classified as having a medium potential. High: Soils are underlain by deposits that are most likely terminal Pleistocene or Holocene in age, or sediments represent low-energy deposits, or have a high potential to contain buried intact geomorphic surfaces that could have been used by humans in the past. Alluvial stream terraces and floodplains, terrace escarpments, alluvial fans (fan skirts, fan aprons, and inset fans), and areas with aeolian deposits are classified as having a high potential. RESULTS Using the produced soils maps and resources above, soils were classified as having a very low, low, medium or high potential to contain buried sites (Table 5). The APE within the Coachella River bed is mapped as Holocene gravels (Qg) and Coachella fine sand with a 0%-2% slope gradient. Outside of the channel the APE is mapped as Holocene dune sands and alluvium (Qd, Qa) and as Myoma fine sand with a 5%-15% slope gradient. The Coachella series is a sandy, mixed, hyperthermic Typic Torrifluvents soil (Entisol) with C1 to C5 horizons. Coachella soils are light olive gray fine sand and very fine sand with thin strata of silt loam or very fine sandy loam to a depth of 60 inches (USDA Soil Series Description, accessed November 2016). The Myoma series is a mixed, hyperthermic Typic Torripsamments soil (Entisol) with C1 to C4 horizons. Myoma soils are typically light olive gray, moderately alkaline, fine and very fine sands to a depth of about 31 inches. Below 31 inches they are strongly alkaline very fine sands. The control section has less than 15 percent coarse fragments and less than 15 percent of coarse and very coarse sand. The profile throughout is moderately to strongly alkaline with slight to violent effervescence (USDA Soil Series Description, accessed November 2016). While approximately the same age, the Coachella fine sand has a low potential for buried sites as it lies within the Coachella River bed. Sites in areas that have strong erosion such as flash flood areas have lower potential. The Myoma fine sand through the rest of the APE is assigned a medium potential. Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 36 Figure 6. Project Geology Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 37 Figure 7. Project Geomorphology Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 38 Table 5: Soils of the APE* Soil Map Symbol Primary Soil Name and Slopes; Other Soils Primary Soil Taxonomy Potential for Buried Sites CpA Coachella fine sand 0 to 2% slopes (85% of total volume); 5% Gilman, 5% Myoma, 5% Indio also present Order- Entisols; Suborder- Fluvents; Greatgroup- Torrifluvents; Subgroup- Typic Torrifluvents; Family- Sandy, mixed, hyperthermic Typic Torrifluvents Low MaD Myoma fine sand 5 to 15% slopes (85% of total volume); 5% Coachella, 5% unnamed, 3% Riverwash, and 2% Carsitas also present Order- Entisols; Suborder- Psamments; Greatgroup- Torripsamments; Subgroup- Typic Torripsamments; Family- Mixed, hyperthermic Typic Torripsamments Medium *Data from the California Soils Resource Lab SoilWeb, and the USDA Soil Series Description (accessed November 2016). PROJECT AREA HISTORY The historical settlement pattern is reflected in land patents granted by the Government Land Office, which show that the Southern Pacific Railroad Company was granted patents in 1866 and the State of California in 1927 (BLM n.d.). The 1904 USGS topographic quadrangle, the earliest available, shows no development or any other features near the APE with the exception of the Whitewater River. Highway 111 and Dune Palms Road are first depicted on the 1941 Toro Peak USGS 15’ quadrangle. The Trailer Park [Dune Palms Mobile Estates (parcel 600-030-010)] adjacent to the northeast APE is first shown on the 1973 La Quinta USGS 7.5’ quadrangle; however, buildings first appear in this area in the 1959 La Quinta USGS 7.5’ quadrangle (Figure 8). The APE and the immediate area around it shows no other signs of development until USDA aerial photographs show the presence of La Quinta High School by 1996, a USA Gasoline Station on the northwest corner of the intersection of Highway 111 and Dune Palms Road by 2002, and the La Quinta Corporate Centre by 2005. The City of La Quinta began as a “watering hole” for gold miners traveling through the Coachella Valley along the on their way to Arizona. In 1862, Major William Bradshaw transported miners through the Valley and stopped at Point Happy (corner of Washington Street and Highway 111) which soon became a way station for stagecoaches and freight wagons traveling the Bradshaw trail (Soltys 2005:175). In 1926, Walter Morgan founded the La Quinta Resort which attracted Hollywood celebrities and established La Quinta as a resort destination for Los Angeles’ wealthy population. The City of La Quinta, named for the Resort, was incorporated in 1982 and maintains a seasonal population and reputation as a premier resort town (City of La Quinta 2014). Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 39 PREVIOUS GROUND DISTURBANCE WITHIN THE PROJECT AREA Cogstone reviewed the Coachella Valley Stormwater Channel Plan and Profile and the Off-site Improvement Plan for the LA Quinta Corporate Centre, both provided by the City’s design consultant, as well as historic topographic maps (Figure 8) and historic aerials (Figures 10-13) in order to understand to what extent previous disturbances had occurred within APE. The information from these two plans was geo-referenced and overlain on the APE map (Figures 9 and Appendix D-2). Additionally, aerial photography available on Google Earth was reviewed. Finally Brad Donais, Senior Project Manager for Heptagon Seven, provided additional information regarding the extent of construction disturbances as a result of the channelization of the Whitewater River and the installation of sewer pipes (personal communication, 2016). Specific construction disturbances to the APE include residential construction, roads, and commercial structures. These disturbances are briefly discussed here according to the date in which they occurred:  1940s: The Dune Palms Mobile Homes Estates (APN 600-030-010) was built in or shortly after 1949, according to a classified advertisement in The Desert Sun (1949:13). Dune Palms Road was also constructed at this time.  1950s: Disturbances postdating the construction of the Dune Palms Road and Dune Palms Mobile Homes Estates occurred in APNs 600-030-004, 600-030-021 and 600-030- 020, when three houses were constructed in the late 1950s. These are not visible on the 1954 Palm Desert 15 min. USGS quadrangle topographic map but do appear on the 1959 La Quinta 15 min. USGS quadrangle topographic map (Figure 8). Although all were extant through at least 2006, only the northernmost of these remained by 2009, and it was demolished by the following year (Figures 10 & 11).  1950s-2000s: The Whitewater River was channelized by the Coachella Valley County Water District (CVCWD) in order to better manage storm water run-off (CVCWD 1971), a project which, judging by historic USGS topographic quadrangle maps, began in the 1950s (Figure 8). The channelization process included the building up of the dirt side walls with portions of the walls concreted over (Figure 9).  1970s-1990s: The sidewalk along the west side of Dune Palms Road was added after 1972 but prior to 1996 (National Environmental Title Research 2016). It was likely constructed in conjunction with the building of La Quinta High School. The school is just west of the sidewalk and outside the APE and was constructed between 1994 and 1996 (Figure 10). Ground disturbance also occurred along the western edge of the APN 600- 030-018 when Dune Palms Road was extended north from Highway 111 between 1996 and 2002 (Figures 12 & 13).  1999-2001: Further disturbance within the APE occurred during the construction of the La Quinta Corporate Centre, located at Highway 111 and Dune Palms Road on APNs Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 40 600-390-007, 690-390-021 and 690-390-023 (Figures 9-13). CRM Tech carried out a testing and evaluation plan of P-33-08692 (CA-RIV-6190), located on the aforementioned APNs, and P-33-16950 (CA-RIV-8835, located on APN 600-030-018, in 2000. A 12 inch sewer line was installed within APN 600-030-018. Details of the disturbance the installation of the sewer line and its effects on site located, is described in the next section.  2000s: A borrow pit, measuring approximately 24 m in diameter and from 40 cm to 1.37 m in depth, is located within APN 600-030-021 and must have been excavated after 2009, when the last house on the parcel was demolished (see discussion of 1950s disturbances, above), and prior to the 2014 survey. The Kingdom Hall of Jehovah Witnesses located on APN 600-030-019 was constructed between 2002 and 2004 (Figure 13). With the building of the Jefferson Plaza Shopping Center to the east of APN 600- 030-018 sometime between 2006 and 2009, the concreted walls of the Whitewater River channel were extended west (Figures 10 & 11). Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 41 Figure 8. 1959 Historic USGS Topographic Map SEWER LINE DISTURBANCES TO SITE P-33-16950 (CA-RIV-8835) APN 600-030-018 In addition to the channelization of the Whitewater River, site P-33-16950 (CA-RIV-8835) has been effected by the installation of a 12 inch sewer main in 2000 for the La Quinta Corporate Centre located across the street on the west side of Dune Palms Road (La Quinta Corporate Centre 2000). The sewer pipe runs south of the stormwater channel and east of Dune Palms Road, from Corporate Center Drive north to the southern bank of the CVSC, then turning east parallel with the channel. Table 6 depicts the depth below existing ground of the installed sewer main. In those areas where Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 42 the depth of the sewer was greater than five (5) feet between the bottom of the pipe trench and existing ground, the pipe trenching would have required a minimum slope of a 1.5:1 slope from a point five (5) feet above the bottom of the pipe, with the lower five (5) feet being excavated close to vertical sides of the trench. The depth of sewer main at the four manholes located within the Project Area along with the estimated excavation limits for the sewer trench excavation limits are summarized below. In addition to the above noted excavation limits, visual evidence of the current site condition indicates that the sewer construction operations utilized the area to the south of the sewer line for staging, through either the temporary placement of trench material and/or as a path of travel for the construction equipment. The undisturbed portions of parcel 600-030-018 contain natural rolling mounds and scattered scrub brush. These features are absent from the disturbed areas indicating prior earth moving activities. Table 6. Depth of Manholes constructed for the CVSC Location Manhole Depth Construction Trench Half Width1 Dune Palms/Corporate Ctr. Intersection 14.75 ft 17.0 ft Dune Palms @ Channel South Side 7.15 ft 5.5 ft ~262 ft east of Dune Palms along channel 11.39 ft 12.0 ft ~462 ft east of Dune Palms along channel 13.32 ft 14.5 ft Through the use of historical and current aerial photography, the previously disturbed limits are approximately 40 feet east of the edge of the existing Dune Palms Road and approximately 120 feet south of the top of the storm water channel into the existing vacant commercial site. Based on all of the data gathered from previous archaeological research, prior disturbances and the survey, it is evident that P-33-08692 (CA-RIV-6190) is likely destroyed and the portion of P- 33-16950 (CA-RIV-8835) within the APE has been disturbed and the possibility of intact sub- surface cultural features within the area of direct impact and its sensitivity is unknown. 1 Trench Half Width is half the width of the trench excavation necessary for the placement of the sewer line, measured from the centerline of the pipeline. Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 43 Figure 9. Previous Construction Disturbances Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 44 Figure 10. Previous Construction Disturbances, Historic Aerial 2006 (Google Earth 2015) Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 45 Figure 11. Previous Construction Disturbances, Historic Aerial 2009 (Google Earth 2015) Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 46 Figure 12. Previous Construction Disturbances, Historic Aerial 1996 (Google Earth 2015) Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 47 Figure 13. Previous Construction Disturbances, Historic Aerial 2002 (Google Earth 2015) Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 48 FIELD SURVEY METHODS AND RESULTS On December 29, 2014 Lindsey Porras, Cogstone Staff Archaeologist, completed an intensive- level pedestrian survey of the APE as it was then delineated. Ms. Porras surveyed the entire APE with the exception of the Dune Palms Mobile Estates development due to access limitations. The survey consisted of walking parallel transects, spaced at no greater than 15-meter intervals within the APE while closely inspecting the ground surface. Existing disturbances (e.g., rodent burrows, cut banks) were examined for artifacts or buried cultural deposits. Digital photographs were taken to document environmental conditions. Subsequent to the initial survey and in consultation with Caltrans, Desiree Martinez, Cogstone Principal Archaeologist, returned to the Project Area on June 23, 2015 to gain a better understanding of the disturbances that had occurred on APNs 600-030-018 and 600-030-019. On July 7, 2015, Martinez met with Steven Holm (Caltrans Cultural Studies Archaeologist), Gabrielle Duff (Caltrans Branch Chief Cultural Studies), Aaron Burton (Caltrans Senior Environmental Planner), and Brad Donais (Senior Project Manager, Heptagon Seven representing the City of La Quinta) on-site to review the project and to discuss the construction activities that would occur within the APNs and how they may affect P-33-16950 (CA-RIV- 8835). The site visit prompted an expansion of the APE to include entirety of APNs 600-030-018, 600- 030-019, 600-030-020, 600-390-021, 600-030-004, 600-030-010, 600-030-021, 600-390-010, 600-390-007 and 600-390-023. Martinez surveyed these additional areas by walking parallel transects, spaced at no greater than 10-meters within the APE while closely inspecting the ground surface. Existing disturbances (e.g., rodent burrows, cut banks) were examined for artifacts or buried cultural deposits. Digital photographs were taken of each parcel to document environmental conditions. Weather was clear, slight breeze with temperature recorded at 105º. Ms. Martinez was at that time able to access all the new portions of the APE except for the Dune Palms Mobile Estates development. The development was accessed by L. Furnis on August 6, 2016 during the survey for the Historical Resources Evaluation Report (HRER) and is discussed in that document (Furnis 2015). In general, the APE consists of the hardscaped Dune Palms Road between Highway 111 and Westward Hoe Drive along with adjacent parcels. Ground visibility within the paved areas was zero. In the unpaved areas of the APE, ground visibility ranged from excellent (80-100%) to poor (10%). Moderate visibility occurred near the Whitewater River because of the presence of overgrown vegetation. Each parcel exhibits slightly different environmental, visibility and previous disturbance characteristics; therefore, the survey results are described by parcel number. Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 49 APN 600-030-004 APN 600-030-004 is a vacant lot located at 46160 Dune Palms Road. Visibility was 90% and sediments are wind-blown silty sand with 15% small cobbles and pebbles. Portions of the parcel were covered with a reddish hard clay crust possibility from construction that occurred on adjacent parcels (Figure 14). A Southern California Edison pole # 995270 is located in the western portion of the parcel. Pedestrian disturbance is evident by modern trash. No cultural resources were identified. APN 600-030-010 The Dune Palms Mobile Estates is located on APN 600-030-010 at 46400 Dune Palms Road. This property was surveyed by Lynn Furnis and is discussed in detail in the HRER (Furnis 2016). No historic properties were discovered within the parcel and the property itself was evaluated and recommended to be not eligible for listing on the NRHP or CRHR. APN 600-010-009 Ground visibility was excellent (90 %). There is little vegetation within the bed of the Whitewater River (Figure 15), except in clusters near to where Dune Palms Road crosses the wash (Figure 16). The survey of this parcel was positive for cultural resources: one ceramic sherd was located. Figure 14. Overview of Reddish Clay Crust Covering APNs 600-030-004 and 600-030-020, Facing Northwest, on July 7, 2015. Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 50 Figure 15. Typical Area with Excellent Visibility, Facing South at Whitewater River, on December 29, 2014 Figure 16. Overgrown Vegetation at Whitewater River, Facing East, on December 29, 2014 APN 600-030-018 Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 51 The survey of APN 600-030-018 was positive for cultural resources; previously recorded site P- 33-16950 (CA-RIV-8835) was re-identified and additional material recorded. The finds were aided by the excellent (90%) ground visibility as there is little vegetation on this vacant lot. The field survey discovered that the site extended further north of the previously documented boundaries (Figures 17, 18, Appendix D-6, and Appendix D-7). The additional cultural materials included a ceramic scatter consisting of seven brownware sherds as well as one chert secondary flake. Four GPS points were taken as an example of the sherds’ location. Although Cogstone identified cultural material on the surface within the APE and extended the boundary of P-33-16950 (CA-RIV-8835) to include the material, it was evident that extensive ground disturbance had occurred. As a result, it is not clear if there were intact subsurface cultural matrix extending into the APE or if the material was being brought into the APE by previous grading, disking, utility installation and/or construction activities. As a result, Desiree Martinez, Cogstone Principal Archaeologist, revisited APN 600-030-018 on June 23, 2015 to further investigate the ground disturbance, to relocate the artifacts identified in the initial survey and assess whether the artifacts were in a primary context. Figure 17. Ceramic Scatter in APN 600-030-018, on December 29, 2014 Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 52 Figure 18. Rim Profile of Brownware Sherd in APN 600-030-018, on December 29, 2014 The ceramic scatter located at GPS point B by Porras was re-identified and collected (20150623DRM12). Martinez and Porras used different GPS units to collect UTM coordinates which resulted in a 5 ft error. As a result Martinez cannot verify that the ceramic pieces collected were the same ones identified at GPS point A. Martinez also collected 56 brownware ceramic sherds and 1 shaped ceramic artifact in order to get a sampling of the types of ceramics within the scatter in the expanded site boundaries (Table 7; Figures 19 and Appendix D-7). Also collected were 25 fire-hardened clay pieces, which at the time were thought to be fired daub (Figure 20 & 21). CRM Tech (2008) cataloged similar items as daub/FAC during their testing phase. All of the artifacts were located on sediments described as silty fine-grained sand with 10 percent pebbles and granules. Photos of the fire-hardened clay pieces were sent to colleague Ivan Strudwick for review. Strudwick, a California archaeologist, had previously conducted research on fired clay daub recovered from prehistoric California sites (Strudwick 2005). Strudwick stated that they were not fired daub since they lacked organic material within the paste and do not have any impressions of twigs, sticks or structure poles as one would see in true fired daub. He suggested that the pieces could be fire-hardened clay from a clay-lined hearth similar to what he has seen in the Central Valley (Strudwick, personal communication 2015). This theory needs to be investigated further. Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 53 Table 7. Artifacts Collected on June 23, 2015 Artifact # Condition Description (form, material, etc.) Locational Data NAD 1984 Collected? mE mN 20150623DRM01 Fragment 2 ceramic body sherds 566990.3 3730136 Yes 20150623DRM02 Fragment 1 ceramic body sherd 566985.3 3730136 Yes 20150623DRM03 Fragment 1 ceramic rim sherd 566985.7 3730145 Yes 20150623DRM04 Fragment 1 ceramic body sherd 566994.3 3730131 Yes 20150623DRM05 Fragment 1 ceramic body sherd, 1 shaped ceramic piece 566993.3 3730132 Yes 20150623DRM06 Fragment 6 ceramic body sherds 566999.5 3730136 Yes 20150623DRM07 Fragment 1 rim ceramic sherd, 1 ceramic body sherd 566986.3 3730136 Yes 20150623DRM08 Fragment 1 ceramic body sherd 566986.3 3730137 Yes 20150623DRM09 Fragment 6 ceramic body sherds, 15 “fired hardened” pieces 566990.3 3730134 Yes 20150623DRM10 Fragment 14 ceramic body sherds 566983.3 3730134 Yes 20150623DRM11 Fragment 1 ceramic rim sherd 566989.3 3730134 Yes 20150623DRM12 Fragment 12 ceramic body sherds, 10 “fired hardened” pieces 567003.4 3730145 Yes 20150623DRM13 Fragment 7 ceramic body sherds 566990.3 3730136 Yes Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 54 Figure 19. Catalog No. 20150623DRM13, Two Brownware Sherds, Collected on June 23, 2015 Figure 20. Catalog No. 20150623DRM09, Fire Hardened Clay Pieces, Collected on June 23, 2015 Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 55 Figure 21. Catalog No. 20150623DRM09, Close-up of Fire Hardened Clay Piece, Collected on June 23, 2015 The ceramic sherds located at GPS points C & D were not re-identified (Figure Appendix D-7). This may be the result of the ground disturbance that has occurred since the December 29, 2014 survey. There is a dirt access road that parallels the location of the VCP sewer line on the southern side of the Whitewater River Storm Water Channel. The sewer access road had been graded within the last six months (Figure 22). Additionally, sometime after the grading of the access road, it rained heavily enough to cause small erosion channels near the location of the artifacts (Figure 23). Throughout APN 600-030- 018 there is evidence of construction dumping, including large chunks and small pieces of asphalt, chunks of concrete slabs and structures as well as soil berming (Figures 24-26). No intact features or human remains were identified during the re-visit. The ceramic artifacts varied widely in thickness and color indicating that they were from different vessels and were therefore likely collected and redeposited at an unknown date (Figure 27). Additionally, although the artifacts found at GPS points C & D were not re-identified, based on the documentation of the ground disturbance that has occurred historically within APN 600-030-018 and the more recent ground disturbance that was documented during the re-visit, it is evident that those artifacts were also in a secondary context. The site boundaries of P-33-16950 (CA-RIV-8835) were expanded northwesterly to include the ceramic scatter (Appendix E). Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 56 Figure 22. Overview of VCP Sewer Line Access Road, Facing Northeast. Evidence of Grading Since Original Survey, on June 23, 2015 Figure 23. Evidence of Water Erosion Since Original Survey, Facing East, on June 23, 2015 Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 57 Figure 24. Small Asphalt Pieces Covering the Eastern Side of APN 600-030-018, Facing Southeast, on June 23, 2015 Figure 25. Evidence of Concrete Construction Debris, Facing Southwest, on June 23, 2015 Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 58 Figure 26. Evidence of Berming, Facing Northwest, on June 23, 2015 Figure 27. Ceramic Sherds Collected at 20150623DRM06, on June 23, 2015 Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 59 APN 600-030-019 The Kingdom Hall of Jehovah Witnesses is located on APN 600-030-019 at 46300 Dune Palms Road. Martinez conducted a survey of the area; two buildings sit on the parcel. Eighty percent of the parcel is hardscaped with asphalt and concrete, leaving just 20 % of the ground surface visible. The islands between parking spaces were covered with vegetation (bushes and trees) and show evidence of previous disturbance by the installation of electrical lighting and irrigation. The sediments were silty sand. No cultural material was identified (Figures 28 & 29). APN 600-030-020 APN 600-030-020 is a vacant lot located at 46150 Dune Palms Road. Visibility was 95% and sediments are wind-blown silty sand with 15% small cobbles and pebbles. Portions of the parcel are covered with a reddish hard clay crust. Pedestrian disturbance is evident by modern trash. No cultural resources were identified (Figure 30). Figure 28. Main Building on APN 600-030-019, Facing Northeast, on July 7, 2015 Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 60 Figure 29. Back Building on APN 600-030-019, Facing Northeast, on July 7, 2015 Figure 30. Dune Palms Rd & Westward Ho Drive, Facing South Showing Typical Visibility of Hardscaped Areas, on December 29, 2014 Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 61 APN 600-030-021 APN 600-030-021 is a vacant lot located at 46176 Dune Palms Road. Visibility was 97% and sediments were wind-blown silty sand with 15 % small cobbles and pebbles. An isolated granitic mano (20141229LAP_1) was found within this of the APE (Figures 31 & Appendix D-6, Appendix E). Portions of the parcel were covered with hardened reddish clay possibly from construction that occurred on adjacent parcels (Figure 32). On the western edge of the parcel, there is a borrow pit area measuring approximately 24 m in diameter and 40 cm to 1.37 m in depth (Figure 33). Pedestrian disturbance is evident by modern trash throughout the parcel. One tree is located in the middle of the parcel and a cluster or trees on the western edge. No other cultural material was found at this location. Figure 31. Isolated Granitic Mano (20141229LAP_1) in APN 600-030-021, on December 29, 2014 Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 62 Figure 32. Example of Reddish Clay Crust Covering Portions of APN 600-030-021, Facing Northeast, on July 7, 2015 Figure 33. Overview of Burrowed Area on Western Edge of APN 600-030-021, Facing Southeast, on July 7, 2015 Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 63 APN 600-390-007 The six buildings make up the La Quinta Corporate Centre located on APN 600-390-007. Ninety percent of the area was hardscaped with asphalt and concrete; ground visibility was poor at 10%. Martinez surveyed the islands between the parking spaces and the tree/flower throughout the parcel; sediments were silty sand. The flower/tree beds and parking space islands had evidence of disturbance from the installation of sprinklers. Vegetation included palm trees, grass and low desert shrubs. No cultural material or features were observed. APN 600-390-010 A USA Gasoline station is located on APN 600-390-010 at 79490 Highway 111. Seventy-five percent of the area was hardscaped with asphalt and concrete, with 25 % ground visibility. Martinez surveyed the tree/flower beds that surrounded the south and east sides of the parcel; the sediments were silty sand. The flower/tree beds had evidence of disturbance from the installation of sprinklers. Vegetation included palm trees and low desert shrubs. No cultural material or features were observed (Figure 34). Figure 34. Northwest Corner of Dune Palms and Hwy 11, Facing North, on December 29, 2014 Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 64 APN 600-390-021 The J. Paul Building is located on APN 600-390-021 at 79440 Corporate Center Drive. Ninety percent of the area was hardscaped with asphalt and concrete, such that ground visibility was poor at 10 %. Martinez surveyed the islands between the parking spaces and the tree/flower beds that surrounded the south side of the parcel. In the bare areas, the sediments were silty sand, possibly mounded from the original soils. Some of the islands and the tree/flower beds were covered with decorative non-local rounded cobbles and/or angular pebbles. The flower/tree beds and parking space islands had evidence of disturbance from the installation of sprinklers, water mains and electrical conduit. Vegetation included palm trees and low desert shrubs. No cultural material or features were observed (Figures 35 & 36). Figure 35. Overview of Plant/Tree Bed. Corporate Center Drive on Left, Facing Northwest, on July 7, 2015 Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 65 Figure 36. Example of Islands between Parking Spaces with Imported Angular Pebbles, Facing Northeast, on July 7, 2015 APN 600-390-023 The Rock-N-Roll Mini Golf is located on APN 600-390-023 at 46-805 Dune Palms Rd. Ninety percent of the area was hardscaped with asphalt and concrete, such that ground visibility was poor, 10 %. Martinez surveyed the tree/flower beds that surrounded the east and north side of the parcel. Sediments were silty sand. Vegetation included palm trees and low desert shrubs. No cultural material or features were observed. Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 66 STUDY FINDINGS AND CONCLUSIONS Two previously recorded archaeological sites were identified within the APE during the records search. These sites were P-33-08692 (CA-RIV-6190) and P-33-16950 (CA-RIV-8835).One isolate (20141229LAP_1) was found during the cultural resources survey of the APE and DPR forms have been drafted. According to January 2014 First Amended Programmatic Agreement Among the Federal Highway Administration, the Advisory Council on Historic Preservation, the California State Historic Preservation Officer, and the California Department of Transportation Regarding Compliance with Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act, as it pertains to the Administration of the Federal-Aid Highway Program in California (PA) “Isolated prehistoric finds consisting of fewer than three items per 100 square meters” are exempted from evaluation; therefore, 20141229LAP_1, a granitic mano, does not require further consideration. P-33-08692 (CA-RIV-6190) is located within the southwest portion of the APE mapped, to the west of Dune Palms Road. It was previously recorded as a 230 m by 170 m prehistoric habitation site with six loci of ceramics, burned faunal bone, debitage, burned clay, and fire affected rock. Although no human remains were positively identified, 23 fragments were considered possibly human due to their consistency with human cremations in the region. Based on a jasper Cottonwood Triangular projectile point and Salton Buffware ceramic fragments recovered, the site is a late prehistoric Cahuilla habitation site less than 1000 years old (Love et al. 1998). Based on the testing and monitoring results, Love (2000) stated that the research potential of the site was exhausted and recommended that the site not be considered eligible for the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) or the California Register of Historical Resources (CRHR)historical resource. P-33-08692 (CA-RIV-6190) was not re-identified during the survey because the area has since been developed with several businesses currently occupying its location. Site P-33-16950 (CA-RIV-8835) is located in the southeastern portion of the APE, to the east of Dune Palms Road and was previously recorded as a 145 m by 130 m light prehistoric ceramic scatter with daub and fire affected rock in 2008. Archaeological subsurface testing and evaluation was conducted which included the hand excavation of 8 1 m by 1 m or 1 m by 2 m test units (TUs), twenty-three 50 cm by 50 cm STPs, as well as two backhoe excavated trenches measuring 10 m by 2 m and three 2 m by 1 m backhoe excavated pits . The TUs were excavated to 100 cm below ground surface (cmbs), STP depth ranged from 50 cmbs to 100 cmbs, while the backhoe trenches and pits were excavated to 150 cmbs to 250 cmbs. Seven hundred and fourteen artifacts (e.g. prehistoric ceramic sherds, daub/fire affected clay, groundstone fragments, and rocks) were recovered during surface collection prior to testing. Seven hundred and twelve artifacts consisting of ceramic sherds, marine and freshwater shell, Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 67 groundstone, charcoal, faunal bone and human remains were recovered from the TUs. Additionally, twenty-seven 1m by 1 m recovery units (RUs) were hand excavated around the location of the human remains resulting an additional 1,125 artifacts and ecofacts. The depth of the RUs ranged from 20 cmbs to 40 cmbs. Based on the testing program CRM Tech concluded that the site in general had “very limited ability to provide important new information for the study of prehistory in the Whitewater River Delta/ Dune Complex and surrounding region, [and] in light of the low quantity of formal artifacts it yielded… the site as a whole does not appear to qualify as a ‘historical resource’." However CRM Tech also stated that since the cremated human remains retain a high degree of Native American traditional cultural value, the portion of the site containing the cremation remains was determined to meet CEQA's definition of a "historical resource” (Eddy et al. 2008). Although the testing program at P-33-16950 (CA-RIV-8835) identified artifacts at 250 cm in depth, the type and quantity of artifacts were not listed in the report. Cogstone obtained a copy of the original catalog which shows that a majority of the artifacts were found in the upper 40 cm (1.3 ft) of the site. Sixteen items were found between 100 cm and 250 cm in depth. These items included 6 pieces of fire affected clay, 1 piece of unburned sandy clay, 5+ pieces of unburned clay, 1 faunal bone fragment, and 3 pieces of charcoal. P-33-16950 (CA-RIV-8835) was re-identified during the current survey and its boundaries extended to the northwest to include a newly identified ceramic scatter. This extension constituted 550 m2 of additional area making the total area of the site 12,168 m2. The geoarchaeological analysis in the Background Section indicates the potential for buried archaeological deposits ranges from low to medium potential. Areas of low potential are located within the Coachella River bed. The rest of the APE is assigned a medium potential for buried archaeological deposits. Within the medium potential areas, ground disturbing activities include reconstructing the north and south bridge approaches to accommodate the significant raised profile of the road. Minor grading will be required to prepare the existing ground to accept the fill material necessary to accommodate the proposed profile grade. The typical maximum vertical excavation of the APE within the medium potential area is 1 foot in undisturbed areas outside of the existing street right of way section (west of Dune Palms and south of the stormwater channel). The maximum vertical depth of the APE within the existing roadway street right of way section and within previously disturbed areas (mobile home park) is a maximum of 4 feet. Additional research was conducted to understand the extent of previous disturbances affecting the integrity of P-33-16950 (CA-RIV-8835) within the APE. Data suggests that the possibility of intact subsurface features varies across the site and cultural sensitivity is unknown. As a result, the impacts to the site are unknown. Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 68 It is Caltrans' policy to avoid cultural resources whenever possible. Further investigations may be needed if the site[s] cannot be avoided by the Project. If previously unidentified cultural materials are unearthed during construction, it is Caltrans' policy that work be halted in that area until a qualified archaeologist can assess the significance of the find. Additional archaeological survey will be needed if Project limits are extended beyond the present survey limits. Further, if human remains are unearthed during excavation, State Health and Safety Code Section 7050.5 states “there shall be no further excavation or disturbance of the site or any nearby area reasonably suspected to overlie adjacent remains until the coroner of the county in which the human remains are discovered... [has made the appropriate assessment, and] …recommendations concerning the treatment and disposition of the human remains have been made to the person responsible for the excavation, or to his or her authorized representative, in the manner provided in Section 5097.98 of the Public Resources Code.” Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 69 REFERENCES CITED Agua Caliente Band of Indians n.d. History and Culture Overview. Available online at http://www.aguacaliente.org/content/History%20&%20Culture/, last accessed May 16, 2012. Anonymous 1897 Riverside City and County Directory. A.M. Bushnell & Co. Pub., Riverside (in collection of Huntington Library). BLM (Bureau of Land Management California) n.d. General Land Office Records. Available online at http://www.glorecords.blm.gov/, last accessed December 2014. Bean, L. J. 1972 Mukat’s People: the Cahuilla Indians of Southern California. University of California Press, Berkeley. 1978 Cahuilla. In Handbook of North American Indians, Vol. 8 California, pages 575-587, R. Heizer (ed.), Smithsonian Institute, Washington, D.C. Blake 1856 Geological Report. In Routes of Explorations in California for a Railroad Routes to Connect with Routes Near the 35th and 32nd Parallels of North Latitude., by Lt. R. S. Williamson, Corps of Topographical Engineers, Volume V of Reports of Explorations and Surveys to Ascertain The Most Practicable And Economical Route For a Railroad from the Mississippi River to the Pacific Ocean, Made Under the Direction of the Secretary Of War in 1853–1855. Beverly Tucker, Printer, Washington, D.C. Burk 1898 Burk’s southern California business directory embracing a business directory of over three hundred places, including every city, town and post office in the counties of Los Angeles, Orange, Riverside, San Bernardino, San Diego, Santa Barbara and Ventura. Los Angeles Directory Company, Los Angeles (in collection of Huntington Library). California Soil Resource Lab n.d. Accessed November 2016. Available at https://casoilresource.lawr.ucdavis.edu/ Caltrans (California Department of Transportation) 2007 Historic Bridge Inventory. Available online at Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 70 http://www.dot.ca.gov/hq/structur/strmaint/historic.htm, last accessed May 17, 2012. City of La Quinta 2014 History of La Quinta. Electronic document, www.la-quinta.org accessed December 2014. Coachella Valley Water District n.d. About Coachella Valley Water District (CVWD). Available online at http://www.cvwd.org/about/about.php, last accessed July 1, 2011. 1971 C.V. Stormwater Channel Plan 8: Profile. DWG No. 10,521-8. CRM Tech 2003 Historic Property Survey Report: Downtown Improvement Project (07-01-05317), City of Cathedral City, Riverside County, California. On file at the Eastern Information Center, University of California, Riverside. 2008 Catalog of Artifacts from Testing of CA-RIV-8835 (P-33-16950). Prepared by CRM Tech. In possession of author. The Desert Sun 1949 Dune Palms Trailer Park, in the classified ads section of The Desert Sun, December 16, 1949, Palm Springs, CA, p.13, column 6. Eddy, J., M. Dahdul, H. Quinn, M. Wetherbee 2008 Final Cultural Resources Report: Archaeological Testing and Evaluation of Site CA-RIV- 8835 (33-16950), Assessor's Parcel No. 600-030-018, City of La Quinta, Riverside County, California. Prepared by CRM Tech. Report on file at Eastern Information Center, University of California, Riverside. Furnis, L 2016 Draft Historical Resources Evaluation report for the Dune Palms road Low-Water Crossing replacement, La Quinta, Riverside, County, California. Prepared for Caltrans, District 8. Prepared by Cogstone Resource Management, Inc. Heizer, R. 1978 The Handbook of North American Indians, Vol 8. Smithsonian Institution, Washington D.C. La Quinta Corporate Centre 2000 Construction Plans for the Off-Site Sewer Improvement Project. DWG No. SW571103. Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 71 Lech, S. 2004 Along the Old Roads: a history of the portion of southern California that became Riverside County 1772-1893. Self-published, Riverside. Love, Bruce 2001 Archaeological Monitoring of Earth-Moving Activities the USA Station #852 Project. Prepared by CRM Tech, Colton, California. Letter Report submitted to the City of La Quinta, Riverside County, California. Love, Bruce, Harry M. Quinn, Thomas A. Wake, Wendy G. Teeter, Katherine J. W. Bouscaren, and Michael Hogan 2000 Final Report on Archaeological Testing at La Quinta Corporate Center, Highway 111 and Dunes Palms Road, La Quinta, Riverside County, California. Love, Bruce, Bai “Tom” Tang and Harry M. Quinn 1998 Cultural Resources Report: La Quinta Corporate Centre Located at Highway 111 and Dune Palms Road, La Quinta, Riverside County, California. Prepared by CRM Tech. Report on file at Eastern Information Center, University of California, Riverside. Merriam Library 2010 California Historic Topographic Map Collection. Available online at http://cricket.csuchico.edu/maps/topo_search.html, last accessed June 22, 2011. National Environmental Title Research 2016 Historicaerials.com. Online resource accessed May 20, 2016. RBF 2012 City of Cathedral City Date Palm Drive Widening Project, Federal Aid Project No. BHLS-5430(027)PA/ED Phase Preliminary Environmental Study (PES) Form. Schaefer, J. and D. Laylander 2007 The Colorado Desert: Ancient Adaptations to Wetlands and Wastelands. In California Prehistory: colonization, culture and complexity, T. Jones and K. Klar (eds.), Altamira Press, Lanham, pages 247-257. Schaefer, J. and K. Moslak 2001 Prehistoric Lake Cahuilla Recessional Phase Fish Traps and Habitation Sites along the R-Line, Phase I, Imperial County, California. Prepared by ASM Affiliates, Inc., Encinitas, CA. Submitted to the Imperial Valley Irrigation District, Imperial, CA. Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 72 Strong, W. D. 1929 Aboriginal Society in Southern California. University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 26:1-349. Strudwick, I. 2005 The Use of Fired Clay Daub from CA-ORA-269 in the Identification of Prehistoric Dwelling Construction Methods, San Joaquin Hills, Orange County, California. Proceedings of the Society for California Archaeology 18:219-237. Sutton, M. 2011 The Palomar Tradition and its Place in the Prehistory of Southern California. Pacific Coast Archaeological Society Quarterly 44(4):1-74. Sutton, M. and J. Gardner 2010 Reconceptualizing the Encinitas Tradition of Southern California. Pacific Coast Archaeological Society Quarterly 42(4):1-64 Terra Nova Planning & Research, Inc. 2002 City of Cathedral City Comprehensive General Plan. On file, City of Cathedral City. USDA Soil Series Description n.d. Accessed November 2016. Available at https://soilseries.sc.egov.usda.gov/scname.aspx von Till Warren, E., R. H. Crabtree, C. N. Warren, M. Knack, and R. McCarty 1981 A Cultural Resources Overview of the Colorado Desert Planning Units. U. S. Institute for American Research. Submitted to the Department of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management, California Desert District. Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 73 APPENDIX A. QUALIFICATIONS Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 74 SHERRI GUST, RPA Project Manager & Principal Investigator, Paleontology and Archaeology EDUCATION 1994 M.S., Anatomy (Evolutionary Morphology), University of Southern California, Los Angeles 1979 B.S., Anthropology (Physical), University of California, Davis SUMMARY QUALIFICATIONS Ms. Gust has more than 35 years of experience in cultural and paleontological resources management. She is a Registered Professional Archaeologist and Qualified Principal Paleontologist. Gust has extensive experience managing large linear energy and transportation projects and is an experienced peer reviewer. Ms. Gust holds California statewide BLM permits for cultural and paleontology. She is a certified/qualified principal archaeologist and paleontologist in all southern California cities and counties that maintain lists. PRIOR PROJECTS IN RELEVANT GEOGRAPHICAL AREAS WECC Path 42 Transmission Line Upgrades, Southern California Edison, Palm Springs area, Riverside County, CA. Managed cultural and paleontological resources Phase I studies for 14.5 mile transmission line segment on BLM and private lands. Co-author of both the Paleontological and the Cultural Resources Assessment Reports. Project Manager and Principal Investigator. 2011-2015 High Desert Corridor, Caltrans Districts 7 & 8, Los Angeles and San Bernardino Counties, CA. Managed work to complete the Caltrans cultural and paleontological documents for a proposed new 63 mile long freeway and rail line from SR 14 in Palmdale to SR 18 in Apple Valley. The documents produced to date are Historical Properties Survey Report, Archaeological Survey Report, Historical Resources Evaluation Report, Extended Phase I Testing Report and combined Paleontological Identification and Evaluation Report. Project Manager and Principal Investigator. 2013-present Ground Water Regional Replacement and Recharge Project (R3), Mojave Water Agency, San Bernardino County, CA. Managed Phase I cultural and paleontological work for proposed construction of 64,083 linear feet of water pipeline and associated facilities. Work was performed under Section 106 due to funding from the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act through the Bureau of Reclamation. Personally negotiated burial agreement with San Manuel Band of Mission Indians. Co-authored the Cultural and Paleontological Assessment report including a Cultural Resources Treatment Plan and Paleontological Resources Management Plan. Project Manager and Principal Investigator. 2010-2012 Oro Grande Wash Recharge Project, Mojave Water Agency, Hesperia and Victorville, San Bernardino County, CA. Managed Phase I cultural and paleontological work for proposed construction of 19,000 linear feet of water pipeline and associated facilities including recharge basins on 22 acres. Work was performed under Section 106 due to funding from the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act through the Bureau of Reclamation. Co-authored the Cultural and Paleontological Assessment report including a Paleontological Resources Management Plan. Project Manager and Principal Investigator. 2010-2011 Paradise Valley Specific Plan, Indio, Riverside County, CA. Managed Phase I cultural, historical and paleontological studies for a master planned community of 5,411 acres with additional access roadways and telecommunication lines. Co-author of both the Paleontological and the Cultural Resources Assessment Reports. Project Manager and Principal Investigator. 2011-present Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 75 MOLLY VALASIK, RPA Registered Professional Archaeologist EDUCATION 2009 M.A., Anthropology, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 2006 B.A., Anthropology, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio SUMMARY QUALIFICATIONS Valasik is a Registered Professional Archaeologist with six years of professional field and academic research experience. In addition to serving as a Principal Archaeologist, she is GIS proficient and supervises mapping at Cogstone. She has performed all aspects of fieldwork, directed surveys and authored numerous reports. She routinely digitizes data, manages databases, and creates high resolution maps for technical reports. SELECTED PROJECTS Office/Warehouse Project, West of Perris. Principal Investigator. Prepared archaeological Phase I assessment including record search, Native American consultation, survey, impact analysis and recommendations for new office and warehouse complex. 2013 Trabuco Road at Monroe Avenue Project, Irvine. Principal Investigator. Prepared archaeological literature study including record search, Native American consultation, analysis and recommendations for a traffic signal improvement project. 2013 Santiago Canyon Bridges Project, south Orange County. Principal Investigator. Prepared archaeological Phase I assessment including record search, Native American consultation, survey, impact analysis and recommendations for nine bridge rehabilitation projects. 2013 13th Street Bridge Replacement Project, Ramona. Principal Investigator. Prepared archaeological Phase I assessment including record search, survey, impact analysis and recommendations for bridge replacement. 2013 Rose Creek Bike Trail, San Diego. Principal Investigator. Prepared archaeological Phase I assessment including record search, Native American consultation, survey, impact analysis and recommendations for new bike trail along creek. 2013 Gopher Canyon Restoration Project, Chatsworth. Principal Investigator. Prepared archaeological Phase I assessment including record search, survey, impact analysis and recommendations for stream restoration project. 2013 Sun Ranch, San Juan Capistrano. Principal Investigator. Directed archaeological and Native American monitoring of a City water system improvement project over several months. Prepared final monitoring compliance report. 2012 Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 76 ANDRE-JUSTIN C. SIMMONS, RPA Archaeologist and Cross-trained Paleontologist/GIS Supervisor EDUCATION 2014 M.A., Anthropology, California State University, Fullerton 2010 B.A., Anthropology and History, California State University, Fullerton, graduated cum laude SUMMARY QUALIFICATIONS Mr. Simmons is a Registered Professional Archaeologist (RPA) and cross-trained paleontologist with extensive field experience in survey, monitoring, faunal analysis, and excavation. He exceeds the qualifications required by the Secretary of the Interior’s Standards and Guidelines for Archaeology and Historic Preservation. Further, he is certified in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and specializes in ESRI’s ArcGIS software. Mr. Simmons is well versed in CEQA and NHPA Section 106 compliance procedures and reporting. He has expertise in laboratory preparation and analysis gathered from internships at CSUF, volunteer experience at the Page Museum at the La Brea Tar Pits, and several projects conducted by Cogstone. He has over six years of experience in California Archaeology. SELECTED PROJECTS WECC Path 42, Southern California Edison, Riverside County, CA. Conducted a cultural resources records search and field survey for a 14.5 mile transmission line segment near Thousand Palms. Archaeological/ Paleontological Technician. 2011-2012 Eldorado-Ivanpah Transmission Project, Southern California Edison, Eldorado, NV to Ivanpah, CA. Performed paleontological monitoring for project that involves construction of 195 miles of new transmission lines and associated fiber optic lines across BLM and private lands. Paleontological Monitor. 2012-2013 Devers-Mirage 115 KV System Split Project, Southern California Edison, Riverside County, CA. Performed archaeological and paleontological monitoring during construction activities associated with maintaining and upgrading the electrical systems of Cathedral City, Indian Wells, Palm Desert, Palm Springs, Rancho Mirage, Thousand Palms and unincorporated Riverside County. Archaeological/Paleontological Monitor. 2011-2012 Leatherneck Substation Project, Southern California Edison, San Bernardino County, CA. Prepared GIS maps for a cultural resources survey and subsequent survey report for ten pulling stations near Twenty-Nine Palms. GIS Technician. 2012 Equinox DSP – Rush Project, Southern California Edison, Riverside County, CA. Performed archaeological and paleontological monitoring during ground disturbing activities associated with construction of a power pole line near Menifee. Archaeological/Paleontological Monitor. 2011 Fogarty Substation, Southern California Edison, Riverside County, CA. Performed archaeological and paleontological monitoring during ground disturbing activities in Lake Elsinore. A historic glass fragment and prehistoric shells were recovered. Archaeological/Paleontological Monitor. 2010-2011 Daggett II, Southern California Edison, San Bernardino County, CA. Conducted archaeological and paleontological monitoring of construction activities of transmission towers and associated access roads for the 225-acre Human External Cargo Helicopter Training Facilities Project in Daggett. Archaeological/Paleontological Monitor. 2011 SR 99 Arboleda Drive Freeway Project, Caltrans District 10, Merced County, CA. Conducted paleontological resources monitoring, fossil recovery, and fossil preparation for a 5-mile segment. Prepared GIS report maps. Some 128 localities and 1,667 fossils recovered in five months of excavation for detention basins. Paleontology & GIS Technician. 2012 Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 77 LINDSAY PORRAS Cross-Trained Paleontologist/ Archaeologist Education 2004 B.A., Anthropology, Minor: Cultural Anthropology, University of Nevada, Reno Summary Qualifications Ms. Porras is a qualified archaeologist and cross-trained paleontologist with over four years of professional and academic experience. She has experience working on BLM lands in San Bernardino and Riverside Counties, Forest Service lands in the San Gabriel Mountains and many projects throughout southern California for Southern California Edison. Her experience includes large scale surveys, monitoring, excavations, artifact recovery and lab work. She has completed of intensive paleontological field training and has five years of experience as a dual monitor. Selected Projects WECC Path 42 Transmission Line Upgrades, Southern California Edison, Palm Springs area, Riverside County, CA. Conducting mitigation monitoring during construction for a 14.5 mile transmission line segment on BLM and private lands. Archaeological Monitor. 2014-2015 Fort Irwin, U.S. Army National Training Center/GSA Region 9, San Bernardino County, CA. Class III Cultural Resources Inventory Survey and National Register Evaluation of Archaeology Sites. Supervising cultural resources inventory of 10,372 acres. Conducting survey, site recording and site evaluation to Section 106 standards. 2015. Archaeology Technician. Sept 2014-ongoing High Desert Corridor/ SR 138 Widening Project, FHWA/Caltrans District 7, Los Angeles and San Bernardino Counties, CA. The project involves construction of a new, approximately 63-mile long, east-west freeway/expressway between SR 14 in Los Angeles County and SR 18 in San Bernardino County. Field pedestrian survey for Extended Phase I (XPI) Testing, subsurface testing of four archaeological sites in the Area of Potential Effects (APE), and lab work. Caltrans is the lead federal and state agency; compliance with Section 106 and CEQA required. Sub to Parsons Transportation Group. Archaeology Technician. 2014-2015 Perris Valley Line, Metrolink, Riverside County Transportation Commission, Riverside County, CA. The project is a 24-mile extension of the Metrolink 91 Line. Conducting paleontological and archaeological monitoring for construction of four new stations, upgrading associated track and utility relocations to extend the Metrolink connection from Riverside through Moreno Valley to Perris. Sub to HDR Engineering. Field Technician. 2013- ongoing Longboat Solar Photovoltaic, EDF Renewable Energy, Barstow and Lenwood, San Bernardino County, CA. Supported cultural resources Phase I and Extended Phase I studies for this ~235-acre site. Archaeological and paleontological resources records search, Sacred Lands search, NAHC consultation. Sub to Environmental Intelligence. Archaeologist. 2014 Sentinel Power Plant, Southern California Edison, Riverside County, CA. Performed archaeological and paleontological monitoring services during ground disturbing activities north of the City of Palm Springs. Archaeological/Paleontological Monitor. 2012 Devers-Mirage 115 KV System Split Project, Southern California Edison, Riverside County, CA. Performed cultural resources mitigation monitoring during ground disturbing activities for electrical systems upgrade in Cathedral City, Indian Wells, Palm Desert, Palm Springs, Rancho Mirage, Thousand Palms and unincorporated Riverside County. Archaeological Monitor. 2011 Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 78 DESIREÉ RENEÉ MARTINEZ Archaeologist EDUCATION 1999 M.A., Anthropology (Archaeology), Harvard University, Cambridge 1995 B.A., Anthropology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia SUMMARY QUALIFICATIONS Ms. Martinez is a qualified archaeologist with 20 years of experience in archaeological fieldwork, research, and curation. She has expertise in the planning, implementation, and completion of all phases of archaeological work and has participated in archaeological investigations as a crew member, tribal monitor, and principal researcher. She meets national standards in archaeology set by the Secretary of Interior’s Standards and Guidelines for Archaeology and Historic Preservation and the standards outlined in Attachment 1 to Caltrans Section 106 Programmatic Agreement with the FHWA. Her experience also includes compliance with CEQA, NEPA, NAGPRA, SB 18 and other cultural resource laws. In addition, Ms. Martinez has vast experience in lab analysis and museum collections management. Ms. Martinez also has extensive experience consulting with Native American leaders and community members in a variety of contexts. SELECTED PROJECTS High Desert Corridor/ SR-138 Widening Project, Caltrans District 7 On-Call (07A3145)/LA Metro, Los Angeles and San Bernardino Counties, CA. This project proposed by Caltrans and Metro involves construction of a new, approximately 63-mile long, east-west freeway/expressway and rail line between SR-14 in Los Angeles County and SR-18 in San Bernardino County. Phase II/III testing and data recovery at the three sites that will be directly impacted by the project. Analyzed lithic material. Compliance with Section 106 of the NHPA and CEQA are required. Sub to Parsons Transportation Group. Principal Archaeologist. 2015-ongoing Devers-Palos Verde 500 kV No. 2 Transmission Line Project, Southern California Edison, Devers Valley, Riverside County, CA. Provided regulatory oversight and project management regarding cultural and paleontological resources. This new transmission line connects several large-scale solar and conventional generation projects. Developed environmental compliance training to inform and guide construction and major capital project teams. Assisted in the preparation of the Historic Properties Treatment Plan. Provided environmental analyses and clearance documentation of project modifications during construction without delay to project. Oversaw the monitoring of sites along the Devers-Valley portion of the project. Collected extensive archaeological, ethnohistorical and historical information about the use and significance of Edom Hill, located in Desert Hot Springs, and the Lakeview Mountains, located in Lakeview, to the Southern California Native American tribes. Prepared evaluation reports of the hill and mountains for inclusion in the National Register of Historic Places as a Traditional Cultural Properties. Lead In-house Consultant Archaeologist. 2011- 2014 Devers-Mirage Project, Southern California Edison, Palm Springs, Riverside County, CA. Evaluated Garnet Hill (aka Hoon wit ten ca va), located in Palm Springs, for inclusion in the National Register of Historic Places as a Traditional Cultural Property. Collected extensive archaeological, ethnohistorical and historical information about the use and significance of the hill to the Cahuilla people. Documented findings in a written report and gave public presentations of results in a number of professional venues. In-house Consultant Archaeologist. 2011-2013 Sentinel Power Plant, Southern California Edison, Palm Springs, Riverside County, CA. Provided regulatory oversight and project management of cultural and paleontological resources. Provided cultural and paleontological assessment of the project area. Worked with generator’s consultants to ensure that SCE’s project scope was described accurately and reviewed by their environmental assessments and documents. Conducted cultural resources through supplemental pedestrian survey, and summarized findings in a written technical report. Created GIS shapefiles and maps delineating cultural resource boundaries and survey corridors. Oversaw cultural and paleontological resources monitoring during construction. In-house Consultant Archaeologist. April 2011-July 2013 Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 79 LYNN FURNIS, RPA Principal Architectural Historian EDUCATION 1999 M.A., Anthropology, University of Nevada, Reno 1972 B.A., Anthropology, University of California at Davis SUMMARY QUALIFICATIONS Ms. Furnis is a Registered Professional Archaeologist, historical archaeologist and architectural historian with 45 years of experience in the western United States. [California (15 years), Nevada (25 years) and Alaska]. She meets the qualifications required by the Secretary of the Interior’s Standards and Guidelines for Archaeology and Historic Preservation and the standards outlined in Attachment 1 to Caltrans Section 106 Programmatic Agreement with the FHWA; and Chapter 2 on cultural resources of the Caltrans Standard Environmental Reference (SER). Ms. Furnis is a skilled professional who is well-versed in the compliance procedures of CEQA, Section 106 of the NHPA and in working with a variety of federal, state, and local agencies. As an architectural historian, she has recorded hundreds of historic buildings and authored major architectural survey reports. Studies of built-environment resources include archival research, field investigation, significance criteria and determinations, assessment of impacts/effects, and management plans. She has experience evaluating and recommending historic properties for inclusion on the National Register of Historic Places and the California Register of Historical Resources. She has completed coursework in World Architecture, Anthropology of Architecture, Vernacular Architecture, and a workshop on The Identification of Mid-Twentieth Century Buildings. SELECTED PROJECTS Driscoll Ranch, Architectural Survey and Cultural Landscape Evaluation, Midpeninsula Regional Open Space District (MROSD), near La Honda, San Mateo County, CA. The MROSD is considering demolition of two houses and six barns and outbuildings within the La Honda Creek Open Space Preserve (Preserve). Evaluation of the buildings for historic significance was necessary before destructive action is planned or taken. Personally conducted the architectural survey, background research and authored the report. In compliance with the CEQA, and for inclusion in a supplemental IS/MND, Cogstone documented and evaluated 21 historic-age buildings and structures located at four ranches within a 3,649-acre project area. They were evaluated for historic significance and for potential eligibility for listing on the California Register of Historic Places. Principal Architectural Historian. 2016 High Desert Corridor/ SR 138 Widening Project, FHWA/Caltrans Districts 7 & 8, Los Angeles and San Bernardino Counties, CA. The project is a 63 mile corridor for a new freeway. A principal architectural historian conducted research, visited sites and prepared a Historic Resources Evaluation Report (HRER). Subsequently contributed to an Extended Phase I (XPI) Testing Proposal and its implementation. As lead historic archaeologist, directed subsurface testing of 16 archaeological sites. Also conducted research, wrote histories, and made NRHP recommendations for 16 historical archaeological sites. Sub to Parsons Transportation Group. Principal Historical Archaeologist & Architectural Historian. 2014-2015 Historical Sites Preservation, Veterans Affairs Long Beach Healthcare System, Long Beach, Los Angeles County, CA. The project was a campus wide built environment evaluation. Cogstone reviewed prior reports and site records, and updated survey and evaluation of 19 buildings. Cogstone’s review of prior documents and updated building survey resulted in the findings that six historic-age buildings at Site P19-187656 had been determined not eligible for the NRHP in 2006, that one more was determined to be not eligible in 2013, and that six additional buildings previously evaluated had not been reviewed by SHPO. Thirteen buildings were newly recorded and evaluated by Cogstone. not previously recorded on site forms or evaluated would be directly or indirectly impacted by the proposed projects. SHPO concurred that no buildings were eligible for the National Register. Architectural Historian. 2013-14 80 APPENDIX B. PREVIOUS CULTURAL RESOURCES STUDIES 81 Previous Cultural Resources Investigations within a One-Mile Radius of APE Author Report Number (RI-) Report Title Date McWilliams, Steven R. 22 The Occupation of the Shoreline of Ancient Lake Cahuilla, Paper 1 1970 McManus, James A. and Charles W. McManis, Jr. 196 Environmental Impact Evaluation: Expected Impact on Archaeological Resources, Indian Wells Mobile Home Estates, Riverside County, California 1976 Berryman, Stanley R. 213 Archaeological Investigation of the Evacuation Channel 1977 Salpas, Jean A. and Riverside, CA 263 An Archaeological Assessment of 9.5 Acres of Land in La Quinta 1980 Lipp, Don 265 Environmental Impact Evaluation: Archaeological Assessment of Washington Square Development, Indian Wells, Riverside County, California 1977 Bowles, Larry L. 333 Environmental Assessment - Near La Quinta, Coachella Valley 1978 Swenson, James D. 495 Letter Report: Archaeological Assessment of a 20 Acre Parcel Due East of Indian Wells Mobile Home Estates and Directly North of Avenue 48 1978 Bowles, Larry L. and Jean A. Salpas 559 Archaeological Assessment of Tentative Tract 14,105 1979 Brown, Mary A. 579 Cultural Resource Assessment for the Desert Palace Project, Tentative Tract 13986, Near Indio, Riverside County, California 1979 Apple, Steven A. 580 An Archaeological Assessment of the Bermuda Dunes Property Tract 13986 Indio, Riverside County, California 1980 McCarthy, Daniel F. 581 Reevaluation of Archaeological Sites CA-Riv-1769, 3667, and 3668 Recorded on Tentative Tract 24035, Located Near Indian Wells in Riverside County, California 1989 Arkush, Brooke S. 582 Archaeological Investigations at CA-RIV-1769, CA- RIV-3667, and CA-RIV-3795, Tentative Tract 24197, La Quinta, Central Riverside County, California 1990 Lando, Richard 652 Cultural Resources Reconnaissance (Stage II) of Flood Control Alternatives for the Whitewater River Basin, Riverside County, California 1979 Brewer, Christina 762 An Archaeological Survey of a One-Acre Parcel for De Bonne Ranch Management, County of Riverside, California, May 1980 1980 Bowles, Larry and Jean A. Salpas 796 An Archaeological Assessment of Parcel 14788 1980 82 Author Report Number (RI-) Report Title Date Brock, James and Brenda D. Smith 945 Phase I and Phase II Archaeological Assessments for the Proposed Monticello Project, West Side of Jefferson Street Between Fred Warning Drive and Avenue, La Quinta, California 2000 Davis, Alan and Steven Bouscaren 998 Environmental Impact Evaluation: An Archaeological Assessment of an Unnumbered Tract on the West Side of Indio, Riverside County, California 1980 Hogan, Michael 1033 Cultural Resource Assessment : Case Number PUP 91- 009, City of La Quinta, Riverside County, California 1991 Love, Bruce and Bai "Tom" Tang 1034 Cultural Resources Report: First School of the Desert, At Adams Street and Miles Avenue, City of La Quinta, Riverside County, California 1999 Salpas, Jean A. 1080 An Archaeological Assessment of Tract 16450 1980 Salpas, Jean A. 1081 An Archaeological Assessment of Tract 16449 1980 Arkush, Brooke S. 1082 Archaeological Investigations at CA-RIV-2200 and CA- RIV-3683 Tentative Tract 23995, La Quinta, Central Riverside County, California 1990 Chace, Paul G. 1083 Archaeological Assessment Report, The RIV-3866 Site, City of La Quinta, Tentative Tract No. 23995, Riverside County, California 1994 Chace, Paul G., and Charles E. Reeves 1084 Report of an Archaeological Monitoring Program for the Reunion Residential Project, Tract 23995-1, City of La Quinta 1994 Brock, James 1085 Report on Archaeological Monitoring for the Siena del Rey Project (Tract 23995, Phases 6-10), La Quinta, California 2000 Bowles, Larry L. 1263 Archaeological Assessment of La Quinta 1981 Salpas, Jean A. 1490 An Archaeological Assessment of Tract 19903 1984 Salpas, Jean A. and L.L. Bowles 1491 An Archaeological Assessment of Tract 13494 1979 Bowles, Larry L. 1654 An Archaeological Assessment for TPM 18983, Parcel No. 808-083-004 1983 Salpas, Jean A. 1772* An Archaeological Assessment of Tract 19987 1984 Salpas, Jean A. 1795 An Archaeological Assessment of Tract 20017 1984 Salpas, Jean A. 1798 An Archaeological Assessment of Tract 20016 1984 Swope, Karen K. 1799 An Archaeological Assessment of a Portion of Tentative Tract 25953, Located Near Bermuda Dunes in Riverside County, California 1990 Salpas, Jean A. 1800 An Archaeological Assessment of 10 Acres in La Quinta, Riverside County - Family Heritage Church Plot Plan 1984 83 Author Report Number (RI-) Report Title Date McCarthy, Daniel F. 1862 An Archaeological Assessment of Approximately 6 Acres of Land Near of Land Near Washington Street and Highway 111 in La Quinta, Riverside County California 1984 Swenson, James D. 2009 An Archaeological Assessment of the Washington Square Property, City of La Quinta, Riverside County, California 1985 De Munck, Victor 2090 Environmental Impact Evaluation: An Archaeological Assessment of Tentative Parcel 22200, Terwilliger Valley Area of Riverside County, California 1987 Salpas, Jean A. 2373 Mitigation of the Archaeological Site CA-RIV-150, Locus E Cultural Resources Located on Parcel 613-413- 013 1981 McCarthy, Daniel F. 2501 Final Results of Archaeological Excavations at Site CA- RIV-2196, Recorded on Tentative Tract 24230, Located in the City of La Quinta, Central Riverside County, California 1990 Brown, Joan C. 2503 Cultural Resources Reconnaissance of Tentative Tract 24517 (37 + Acres) and Tentative Tract 24208 (20 Acres) in the City of La Quinta, Riverside County, California 1989 Brown, Joan C. 2504 Cultural Resources Reconnaissance of Tentative Tract No.24517 (37 Acres), Tentative Tract No. 25290 (10 Acres) and Tentative Tract No. 24208 (20 Acres) in the City of La Quinta, Riverside County, California 1990 Bissell, Ronald 2505 Monitor's Report on Williams Development: Rancho Ocotillo, La Quinta 1990 Keller, Jean S. 2508 An Archaeological Assessment of Tentative Parcel Map No. 24469, Riverside County, California 1989 McCarthy, Daniel F. 2604 An Archaeological Assessment of the Alta Survey Washington Plaza, Located in the City of La Quinta in Riverside County, California 1989 Arkush, Brooke S. 2605 Archaeological Assessment of the Cal Trans Right of Way North of Highway 111 Associated with Washington Plaza Project 1990 Yohe, Robert M. 2606 Archaeological Investigations at Five Sites Located at One Eleven La Quinta Center in the City of La Quinta, Central Riverside County, California 1990 De Munck, Victor C. 2681 A Cultural Resource Assessment of Tentative Tract 24950, Located in the City of La Quinta, Riverside County, California 1989 Macko, Michael E. 3362 Archaeological Resource Assessment of Outdoor Resorts' Recreational Vehicle Park, Tract 26417, City of Indio, Riverside County, California 1991 84 Author Report Number (RI-) Report Title Date Everson, Dicken 3479 Cultural Resources Assessment, La Quinta Center, City of La Quinta, Coachella Valley, Riverside County, California 1992 Love, Bruce and Bai Tom Tang 3480 Cultural Resources Evaluation Report: Stamko Development Co. Project Site at the Intersection of SR 111 and Adams Street in the City of La Quinta, Riverside County, California 1997 Love, Bruce 3481 Archaeological Monitoring Report: La Quinta Auto Mall Parcels 1, 2, and 3, City of La Quinta, Riverside County, California 1999 Love, Bruce and Harry Quinn 3482 Archaeological Monitoring During Mass Grading: La Quinta Auto Centre Project, Parcels 1-6 and a Portion of Parcel 7, Parcel Map 28525-2, City of La Quinta, Riverside County, California 2000 Hogan, Michael, D. Everson, and S. Moffitt 3577 Cultural Resources Report, Archaeological Monitoring at Sites CA-RIV-2200 and CA-RIV-3679, and a Portion of Site CA-RIV-3683, One Eleven La Quinta Center, City of La Quinta, Riverside County, California 3577 Brock, James 3804 A Cultural Resources Assessment of Tracts 26188, 25363, and 27899, City of La Quinta, California 1995 Brock, James and Max Davidson 3805 Report on Archaeological Monitoring of Rough Grading of Tract 26188 and a Portion of Tract 25363, City of La Quinta, California 1995 Hall, M.C. 3806 Letter Report: Archaeological Monitoring of the San Borrow Pit Excavations 1995 Brock, James and Brenda D. Smith 3807 Report on Archaeological Monitoring of Tracts 23935-4 (Western Portion), 23935-6, 23935-Final, 25363-1 and 27899, City of La Quinta, County of Riverside, California 1996 Brock, James 3808 Report on Archaeological Monitoring of the Remaining Portion of Tract 25363-1 and Two Borrow Areas in Tract 27899, City of La Quinta, County of Riverside, California 1996 Brock, James 3809 Report on Archaeological Monitoring of Tracts 27899 and 25363-2 Del Rey at La Quinta Norte Project, La Quinta, California 1998 Brock, James 3915 Archaeology of the Tom Weiskopf Signature Course, PGA West, La Quinta, California, Specific Plan 90-017 1995 Smith, Brian F. and Larry J. Pierson 3930 An Archaeological Survey of the Desert Sands Unified School District Educational Services Center Project, La Quinta, County of Riverside, California 1996 Love, Bruce and Bai Tom Tang 3976 Cultural Resources Survey Report, Lapis Development, APN 649-030-014, City of La Quinta, Riverside County, California 1996 85 Author Report Number (RI-) Report Title Date Love, Bruce 3977 Cultural Resources Assessment Report, Phase II: Archaeological Testing and Site Evaluation, Site CA- RIV-5832, on Lapis Energy Property, APN 649-030-014, City of La Quinta, Riverside County, California 1996 Love, Bruce 3978 Archaeological Mitigation Report Site CA-RIV-5832, on Lapis Energy Property APN 649-030-014, City of La Quinta Riverside County, California 1997 Mouriquand, Leslie J. 3990 Archaeological Investigation of the Dune Palms Road Borrow Site, La Quinta, California 1995 Brock, James 3998 Heritage Resource Assessment for the Extension of Avenue 48 Between Jefferson Street and the Emergency Evacuation Channel, City of La Quinta, California 1997 Chase, Paul G. and Charles E. Reeves 4002 A Cultural Resources Survey of the Proposed Tract for the Home Depot, City of La Quinta 1996 Chace, Paul G. and Charles E. Reeves 4004 An Archaeological Survey of the Two Parcels at Highway 111 and Adams Street, City of La Quinta 1996 Brock, James 4046 Cultural Resources Assessment for a Proposed Sticjouke Site North of Avenue 28 Between Jefferson Street and the Emergency Evacuation Channel, City of La Quinta, California 1997 Brock, James 4047 Cultural Resources Assessment for the Widening of Adams Street from Avenue 48 North 1000 Feet, City of La Quinta, California 1997 Demcak, Carol R. 4050 Archaeological Assessment of 40-Acre Parcel in La Quinta (La Quinta Quad), Riverside County, California 1997 Mouriquand, Leslie 4054 A Cultural Resources Survey and Assessment of the Adams Street Extension Project and Borrow Site, City of La Quinta, Riverside County, California 1997 Brock, James and Brenda D. Smith 4100 Cultural Resources Assessment for Tentative Tract 27519, La Quinta, California 1998 Alexandrowicz, John Stephen, Richard A. Kautkramer, and Terry L. Bell Jr. 4155 Late Prehistoric Campsites in the Vicinity of Lake Cahuilla: A Cultural Resources Identification Project at the Indian Springs Country Club 1999 Love, Bruce, Michael Hogan, Harry Quinn, and Kathryn Wright Bouscaren 4183 Interim Cultural Resources Report: Archaeological Testing and Evaluation Program, the Manning Property, APN 049-020-006, City of La Quinta, Riverside County, California 2000 Love, Harry M. Quinn, Thomas A. Wake, Wendy G. Teeter, Kathryn J. W. Bouscaren, and Michael Hogan 4184* Final Report on Archaeological Testing at La Quinta Corporate Center, Highway 111 and Dunes Palms Road, La Quinta, Riverside County, California 2000 86 Author Report Number (RI-) Report Title Date White, Robert S. and Laurie S. White 4185 An Archaeological Assessment of Tentative Tract 25619, A 10+ Acre Parcel Located Adjacent to Miles Avenue, City of La Quinta, Riverside County 1998 Love, Bruce, Bai "Tom" Tang, and Harry M. Quinn 4192 Cultural Resources Report: La Quinta Corporate Centre Located at Highway 111 and Dune Palms Road, La Quinta, Riverside 1999 Love, Bruce and Harry M. Quinn 4194 Interim Cultural Resources Report: Testing and Evaluations of CA-RIV-2936 Hotel III Project Site, Highway 111 and Adams Street City of La Quinta, Riverside County, California 1998 Love, Bruce, Harry Quinn, Thomas A. Wake and Michael Hogan 4195 Final Report on Archaeological Testing at Site CA-RIV- 2936, Hotel 111 Project, Highway 111 and Adams Street, City of La Quinta, Riverside County, California 2000 Brock, James and Brenda D. Smith 4266 Phase I Archaeological Assessment of 54.65 Acres at the Southeast Corner of Washington Street and Miles Avenue, La Quinta, California 1999 Sawyer, William A. and James Brock 4267 Report on Archaeological Monitoring of Dune Removal Pertaining to Tract 23995, Phase 5, Desert Pride Redevelopment, City of La Quinta, California 1999 Brock, James, William A. Sawyer, and Brenda D. Smith 4303 Phase II Test Investigation at CA-RIV-6376, Tract 23995 (Sienna Del Rey), La Quinta, California 2000 Brock, James, Brenda D. Smith, and Thomas A. Wake 4304 Investigations at the Burning Dune Site (CA-RIV-4754), La Quinta, California, AAG Monograph 1 1999 Brock, James 4306* Cultural Resources Assessment for Tentative Tract 29563, La Quinta, California, (Aliso 2 Project) 1999 Brock, James and Brenda D. Smith 4308 Phase II Archaeological Investigations of Westward Ho Park, City of La Quinta, California 2000 Love, Bruce, Harry M. Quinn, Daniel Ballester, and Kathryn Bouscaren 4329* Archaeological Monitoring at Sites CA-RIV-2936 and CA-RIV-6190, Hotel 111 and La Quinta Corporate Centre Project, City of La Quinta, Riverside County, California 2000 Love, Bruce, Harry M. Quinn, Thomas A. Wake, Wendy G. Teeter, Michael Hogan, and Kathryn Bouscaren 4330* Final Report on Data Recovery at the Burial Locus of CA-RIV-2936, La Quinta Corporate Centre Project, La Quinta, Riverside County, California 2000 Brock, James 4396* Cultural Resources Assessment for APN 640-040-013, La Quinta, California 2001 Love, Bruce, Bai "Tom" Tang, Mariam Dahdul, and Harry M. Quinn 4406 Historical/Archaeological Resources Survey Report, Palm Desert National Bank Site, City of La Quinta, Riverside County, California 2000 87 Author Report Number (RI-) Report Title Date Wlodarski, Robert J. 4467 A Phase I Archaeological Study for a Proposed Senior Housing Project Located on the Southwest Corner of 47th Street and Adams Street, City of La Quinta, Riverside County, California 2001 Brock, James 4494 Report on Archaeological Monitoring for the Aliso I (Tract 27519) and Aliso II (Tract 29563) Projects, La Quinta, California 2001 Tuma, Michael W. and Brian F. Smith 4505 A Cultural Resources Study for the McAllister Hills Golf and Country Club Specific Plan 2000 Bissell, Ronald M. 4580 Data Recovery Excavations at Archaeological Site CA- RIV-6225 on the Indian Springs County Club Property, Indio, Riverside County, California 2000 Brock, James and Brenda D. Smith-Patten 4751 Buried in the Dunes: Archaeological Identification and Preservation at the Miraflores Project, La Quinta, California 2004 Glenn, Brian K. 4782 National Register of Historic Places Eligibility Evaluation of CA-RIV-2195, City of La Quinta, Riverside County, California 2002 McKenna et al. 5037* Historic Resources Compliance Report: Highway 111 Corridor Improvements. Adams Street to Jefferson Street, City of La Quinta, Riverside County, California 2005 Dice, Michael and Marnie Aislin-Kay 5178 Phase I Cultural Resource Survey for the Koar Project Footprint APN No. 291-040-039, -040, -041, and 291- 480-004 City of Riverside, California 2004 Jackson, Adrianna 5226 Cultural Resources Assessment for Sprint PCS Facility RV54XC487B (Storage USA) La Quinta, Riverside County, CA 2001 Jackson, Adrianna 5227 Records Search Results for Sprint PCS Facility RV54XC487B (Storage USA), La Quinta, Riverside County, CA 2001 Love, Bruce and Thomas Wake 5424 Final Report: Archaeological Mitigation of Project Effects to a Native American Cremation Found on Parcel Map No. 26860, Southwest Corner of Washington Street and Miles Avenue, City of La Quinta, Riverside County, CA 2001 Love, Bruce and Mariam Dahdul 5425 Archaeological Monitoring Report, Miles Avenue Borrow Site, Near the Intersection of Washington Street and Miles Avenue, City of La Quinta, Riverside County, CA 2001 Parker, Greig, Karina Hankins, and Christopher Drover 5561 La Quinta Family Apartments Cultural Resources Survey 2003 88 Author Report Number (RI-) Report Title Date White, Robert S. and Laura S. White 5637 A Cultural Resources Assessment of the 20-Acre Palm Desert Rock Surface Mine Expansion Area Located North of Fargo Canyon Road Near the Indio Hills, Riverside County 2000 Love, Bruce, Mariam Dahdul, Thomas Wake, Harry Quinn, Richard Norwood, and Kathryn Bouscaren 5845 Final Report on Archaeological Testing, Mitigation, and Monitoring, Sites CA-RIV-3659 and -6385, Point Happy Commercial Development, APNS 604-050-002, and - 035, Washington Street and Highway 111, City of La Quinta, Riverside County, CA 2001 Love, Bruce, Bai "Tom" Tang, Daniel Ballester, and Mariam Dahdul 5887 Historical/Archaeological Resources Survey Report, Proposed Fire Station on Adams Street, in the City of La Quinta, Riverside County, California 2002 Love, Bruce, Bai Tang, Daniel Ballester, and Mariam Dahdul 5915 Historical/Archaeological Resources Survey Report, Washington Park Project, in the City of La Quinta, Riverside County, CA 2002 Hogan, Michael 5938 Archaeological Field Inspection and On-Site Monitoring, 78-900 Avenue 47 Near Adams Street, City of La Quinta, Riverside County, CA 2003 Raschkow, Wanda 6078 CC Meyers Road Rehabilitation Project Review and Statistical Summary 2003 Wlodarski, Robert J. 6090 Letter Report: Records Search and Field Reconnaissance Results for Nextel Telecommunications Wireless Site CA5321A-Rancho La Quinta (Walgreens) Located at 47900 Washington Street, La Quinta, Riverside County, California 2005 Tang, Bai, Michael Hogan, and Josh Smallwood 6207 Historical/Archaeological Resources Survey Report, The Alley Center, City of Indio, Riverside County, California 2004 Tang, Bai, Michael Hogan, Casey Tibbet, and Daniel Ballester 6224 Historical/Archaeological Resources Survey Report, Tentative Tract Map 32135, in the City of Indio, Riverside County, California 2004 Hogan, Michael 6352 Letter Report: Archaeological Monitoring of Grading Activities, Capitol Improvement Project No. 2002-09, City of La Quinta, Riverside County, California 2004 Tang, Bai, Michael Hogan, Matthew Wetherbee, and Daniel Ballester 6374 Historical/Archaeological Resources Survey Report, Windfarm Expansion Project, City of Desert Hot Springs, Riverside County, California 2005 Tang, Bai, Michael Hogan, Deirdre Encarnacion, and John Eddy 6419* Historical/Archaeological Resources Survey Report, Assessor's Parcel No. 166-070-022, 5190 Agate Street, Jurupa, Unincorporated Area, Riverside County, CA 2004 Hogan, Michael, Bai Tang, Josh Smallwood, and Daniel Ballester 6436 Historical/Archaeological Resource Survey Report: Jefferson Medical Park, City of Indio, Riverside County, California 2004 89 Author Report Number (RI-) Report Title Date Hogan, Michael, Bai "Tom" Tang, Josh Smallwood, Daniel Ballester, Harry M. Quinn, Mariam Dahdul, and Juliana Gay 6621 Archaeological Mitigation and Data Recovery Report: Site 33-5233 (CA-RIV-5233), AONS 649-250-003, -004, and -005, City of Indio, Riverside County, California 2006 Hogan, Michael, Bai "Tom" Tang, and Josh Smallwood 6622 Archaeological Monitoring Report: Tentative Tract Nos. 28119 and 30834, City of La Quinta, Riverside County, California 2005 Billat, Scott 6639 Collocation ("CO") Submission Packet FCC Form 621, Brookstone 2006 Hogan, Michael 6656 Letter Report: Archaeological and Paleontological Monitoring of Earth-Moving Activities, 79-315 Highway 111, Sam's Club, APN 600-020-008, City of La Quinta, Riverside County, California 2007 Harris, Nina M. 6783 Results of a Cultural Resources Phase I Survey for the Costco Project, City of La Quinta, California 2005 Fulton, Terri 7193 Cultural Resource Assessment: Cingular Wireless, Facility No. SB 388-01, Hemet, Riverside County, California 2004 Goodman, John D. II and Leslie J. Mouriquand 7358 Phase II Testing and Data Recovery at the Hammer Property City of La Quinta, Riverside County, California 2005 Mouriquand, Leslie J. and Goodman, John D. 7424 Phase I Cultural Resources Investigation of 27.7 Acres Located North of Avenue 48 and West of Dune Palms Road Within Section 29, Township 5 South, Range 7 East, SBBM, City of La Quinta, Riverside County, California 2004 Wetherbee, Matthew 7675 Letter Report: Archaeological Monitoring of the Coachella Valley Housing Coalition Project, a 14.8 Acre Parcel Located in the City of La Quinta, Riverside County, California 2008 Encarnacion, Dierdre, and Michael Hogan 7777* Historical/Archaeological Resources Survey Report: Assessor's Parcel No. 600-030-018, City of La Quinta, Riverside County, California 2008 Hogan, Michael 7780 Letter Report: Archaeological and Paleontological Monitoring of Earth-Moving Activities Tentative Parcel Map No. 34855 City of La Quinta, Riverside County, California 2008 Gust, Sherri 7781 Cultural Resources Monitoring Report for the Komar Desert Project, La Quinta, California 2008 Tang, Bai "Tom" and Terri Jacquemain 7805 Cultural Resources Survey Report The Museum Market Plaza Project Downtown Area, City of Palm Springs, Riverside County, California 2008 90 Author Report Number (RI-) Report Title Date Eddy, John J., Miriam Dahdul, Harry M. Quinn, and Matthew Wetherbee 7881* Final Cultural Resources Report: Archaeological Testing and Evaluation of Site CA-RIV-8835 (33-16950), Assessor's Parcel No. 600-030-018, City of La Quinta, Riverside County, California 2008 Bodmer, Clarence 7918 Archaeological Monitoring Report: Centre at La Quinta, Assessor's Parcel No. 649-030-034, City of La Quinta, Riverside County, California 2008 Tang, Bai "Tom" 7919 Historical/Archaeological Resources Survey Report: La Quinta Redevelopment Agency Dune Palms Specific Plan, City of La Quinta, Riverside County, California 2008 Tang, Bai "Tom" 7936 Letter Report: Addendum to Historical/Archaeological Resources Survey Report, Mon/Salt Creek Village Project, Assessor's Parcel No. 333-200-042, near the Community of Menifee, Riverside County 2008 Love, Bruce 8115* Letter Report: Archaeological Monitoring of Earth- Moving Activities The USA Station #852 Project City of La Quinta, Riverside County, California 2001 Smallwood, Josh 8213 Archaeological Monitoring Report: Jefferson Square Project, Jefferson Street and Fred Waring Drive, City of La Quinta, Riverside County, California 2009 Case, Robert and Richard Carrico 8450 Cultural Resources Survey for the proposed Morongo Recreational Vehicle Park, Riverside County, California 1996 Bonner, Wayne H. and Marnie Aislin-Kay 8580 Letter Report: Cultural Resource Records Search and Site Visit Results for T-Mobile USA Facility Candidate IE25790-A (Family Heritage Church) 2010 Keller, Jean A. 8676* Phase I Cultural Resources Assessment of General Plan Amendment 1099 2010 George, Joan and Vanessa Mirro 8818 Phase I Cultural Resources Assessment for the Jefferson Street Grade Control and Sewer Replacement Project 2012 Tang, Bai "Tom" and Michael Hogan 8932 Historical/Archaeological Resources Survey Report, Jefferson Street Apartment Complex, Assessor's Parcel No. 600-020-006, City of Indio, Riverside County, California 2013 Ballester, Daniel 9001 Re: Historical/Archaeological Monitoring Program, The La Quinta Retirement Residence Project; APNs 604-630- 056 and -057, In the City of La Quinta, Riverside County, California, CRM TECH Contract No. 2733 2014 Tang, Bai "Tom" and Michael Hogan 9015 Final Report on Archaeological Monitoring of Earth Moving Activities, St. Francis of Assisi Church Property Upgrading, City of La Quinta, Riverside County, California 2013 91 Author Report Number (RI-) Report Title Date Smith, Brian F. and Jennifer R. Kraft 9147 Cultural Resources Monitoring Report for the Coral Mountain Apartments Project, City of La Quinta, California 2013 *Indicates report contains all or a portion of the APE 92 APPENDIX C. NATIVE AMERICAN CONSULTATION 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 APE as of June 2014 NOTE: Confidential Map Sent to Tribes Showing Boundary for P-33-16950 (CA-RIV-8835) Removed From this Appendix Due to Confidentiality Issues. Map is Included in Appendix D as Figure Appendix D-4 106 107 108 109Native American Group/Individual Date(s) and Method of First Contact Attempt Date(s) and Method of Second Attempt Date(s) and Method of Third Attempt December Date(s) and Method of Fourth Attempt Date(s) of Replies Rec'd Comments Agua Caliente Band of Mission Indians Patricia Garcia, THPO Jeff Grubbe, Chairperson Letter, 11/12/2014 12/1/2014, email sent 12/9/2014 email updated 6/18/2015, email sent 12/10/2014, email On December 11th, 2014, Ms. Garcia on behalf of the Agua Caliente Band of Mission Indians indicated that the project area is not located within the boundaries of Tribe's Reservation. However, it is within the Tribe's Traditional Use area (TUA). They requested 1) the presence of an approved Native American Cultural Resource Monitor during any ground disturbing activities (including archaeological testing and surveys). If buried cultural deposit are encountered, the Monitor may request that destructive construction halt and that the Monitor shall notify a Qualified Archaeologist (Secretary of the Interior Standards and Guidelines) to investigate and, if necessary, prepare a mitigation plan for submission to the State Historic Preservation Officer and the Agua Caliente Tribal Historic Preservation office; 20 the presence of an archaeologist that meets the Secretary of the Interior' standards during any ground disturbing activities; 3) Copies of any cultural resource documentation generated in connection with this project; 4) a copy of the records search with associated survey reports and site records from the information center; 5) The Tribe expressed their concern about site CA-RIV-6190 because it was recorded within the project Area; and 6) a meeting with the lead agency. Augustine Band of Mission Indians Mary Ann Green, Chairperson Letter, 11/12/2014 12/1/2014, voicemail Contact Complete 6/18/2015, email sent 11/2/2014, letter (dated 11/25/2014) On November 25th, 2014 Ms. Green indicated that she is unaware of specific cultural resources that may be affected by the proposed Dune Palms project. However she recommended that a Native American monitor be present during all pre-construction and construction phases of the project. She also asked to be notified if any cultural resources are discovered Augustine Band of Mission Indians Karen Kupcha Letter, 11/12/2014 12/1/2014, email sent Contact Complete 6/18/2015, email sent 11/2/2014, letter (dated 11/25/2014) On November 25th, 2014 Ms. Kupcha on behalf of the Augustine Band of Mission Indians indicated that she is unaware of specific cultural resources that may be affected by the proposed Dune Palms project. However she recommended that a Native American monitor be present during all pre-construction and construction phases of the project. She also asked to be notified if any cultural resources are discovered Cabazon Band of Mission Indians, Judy Strapp, Director of Cultural Affairs Doug Welmas, Chairperson Letter, 11/12/2014 12/1/2014, email Contact Complete 6/18/2015, email sent 12/2/2014, letter dated 11/19/2014 On November 19th, 2014, Ms. Judy Strapp on behalf of the Cabazon Mission Indians indicated that the Dune Palms Project is located outside of the Tribe's current reservation boundaries. The Tribe has no specific archival information on the site indicating that it may be a sacred/religious site or other site of Native American cultural value. Cahuilla Band of Indians Luther Salgado Letter, 11/12/2014 12/1/2014, email 12/9/2014, phone conversation, email sent contact information updated 6/18/2015, email sent Mr. Salgado gave his updated information and received a digital copy of the consultation letter. Waiting on his response. Los Coyotes Band of Cahuilla and Cupeno Indians John Parada Shane Chapparosa, Chairman Letter, 11/12/2014 12/1/2014 voicemail 12/1/2014, Unavailable 6/18/2015, email sent 12/9/2014 voicemail, John Parada 12/9/2014, Cogstone was informed that John Prada is responsible for Native American consultation. A email and voicemail was sent to updated contact information 110 Native American Group/Individual Date(s) and Method of First Contact Attempt Date(s) and Method of Second Attempt Date(s) and Method of Third Attempt December Date(s) and Method of Fourth Attempt Date(s) of Replies Rec'd Comments Morongo Band of Mission Indians William Madrigal Jr., Cultural Resources Manager Ernest Silva Robert Martin, Chairperson, Raymond Huaute Cultural Resources Manager Letter, 11/12/2014 12/1/2014, email sent Contact Complete 6/18/2015, email sent 12/2/2014, email and 6/30/2015 On December 2, 2014 Denisa Torres on behalf of the Tribe and indicated that the Dune Palms Project is located outside of the Morongo Band of Mission Indian's reservation boundaries but within an area that may be considered a traditional use area or one in which the Tribe has cultural ties (e.g. Cahuilla/Serrano territory). The asked that 1 )If human remains are encountered during grading and other construction excavation, work in the immediate vicinity shall cease and the County Coroner shall be contacted pursuant to State Health and Safety Code §7050.5 and; 2) In the event that Native American cultural resources are discovered during project development/construction, all work in the immediate vicinity of the find shall cease and a qualified archaeologist meeting Secretary of Interior standards shall be hired to assess the find. Work on the overall project may continue during this assessment period. If significant Native American cultural resources are discovered, for which a Treatment Plan must be prepared, the developer or his archaeologist shall contact the Morongo Band of Mission Indians. Additionally, if requested by the Tribe, the developer or the project archaeologist shall, in good faith, consult on the discovery and its disposition (e.g. avoidance, preservation, return of artifacts to tribe, etc.). On June 30, 2015, Ray Huaute responded that the tribe is aware there were several prehistoric villages in the vicinity of this project and that one of the sites has already been excavated. He strongly recommends having a tribal monitor present during all ground disturbing activities. Additionally he stated that Morongo tribal monitors are available in the event that monitors from any of the other Cahuilla tribes with cultural ties to the area are not able to be secured. Ramona Band of Mission Indians Joseph Hamilton, Chairman John Gomez, Environmental Coordinator Martin Hamilton, Vice Chairperson Letter, 11/12/2014 12/1/2014, email 12/9/2014, phone 6/18/2015, email sent 12/9/2014, phone 12/9/2014 Mr. John Gomez is responsible for Native American Consultation, he requested a digital copy of the letter to his new email. Waiting for his comments. Santa Rosa Band of Mission Indians Terry Hughes, Tribal Administrator John Marcus, Chairman Letter, 11/12/2014 12/1/2014, email Contact Complete 6/18/2015, email sent 12/1/2014, phone 12/1/2014, the tribal administrator for the Santa Rosa Band of Mission Indians informed Cogstone that the City of La Quinta is in the jurisdiction of the Cabazon and to please defer to them for consultation. 111Native American Group/Individual Date(s) and Method of First Contact Attempt Date(s) and Method of Second Attempt Date(s) and Method of Third Attempt December Date(s) and Method of Fourth Attempt Date(s) and Method of Fifth Attempt Date(s) and Method of Sixth Attempt Date(s) of Replies Rec'd Comments Torres-Martinez Desert Cahuilla Indians Mary Resvaloso, Chairperson Mike Mirelez, Cultural Resources Director Letter, 11/12/2014 12/1/2014, email 12/9/2014 voicemail, email sent to updated email address 6/18/2015, email sent 11/24/2015, email and voicemail, 12/1/2015, email and phone 12/8/2015, phone 12/9/2014 Mr. Ferrar on behalf of the Torres Martinez Desert Cahuilla Indians indicated that he was the contact person for the Tribe. He indicated that he received the consultation letter asked for associated cultural and environmental reports related to the project area. Appropriate documents were sent, waiting for final response. 12/1/2016 Mirelez on behalf of the Torres Martinez Desert Cahuilla Indians asked for the project materials to be resent via email, materials sent on 12/1/2015. 12/8/2015 called to follow up, did not receive map. Resent on 12/8/2015. Mirelez requested an on-site meeting with Martinez meeting on 12/8/2015 or 12/9/2016. Mirelez and Gary Resvaloso met with Martinez at P-19-was the Cultural Consultant and Tribal Monitor during the CRM Tech excavations at CA-RIV-8835. He stated that the MLD has since passed, and Torres-Martinez has no documentation regarding the reburial location of the cremated remains. Resvaloso further stated that usually the MLD would rebury ancestors on the Torres-Martinez reservation, but it is not known if this occurred in this instance. If the reburial occurred on the parcel, it would have been within the 2008 boundaries. Further Resvaloso stated that Torres-Martinez considers the whole area from Washington to Jefferson Streets to be one huge village site. 112 APPENDIX D. CONFIDENTIAL MAPS AND DOCUMENTS 113 Figure Appendix D-1. Aerial Showing the APE and Construction Limits 114 Figure Appendix D-2. Aerial Showing Construction Fill and Excavation Depths 115 Figure Appendix D-3. Trench Section Typical DRP Bridge Sewer 116 Figure Appendix D-4. Aerial Showing the Previously Recorded Sites within the APE 117 Figure Appendix D-5. Aerial Showing Testing Locations Conducted by CRM Tech in 2008 118 Figure Appendix D-6. Locations of Granite Mano and P-33-16950 (CA-RIV-8835) 119 Figure Appendix D-7. Aerial Image of the Location of Artifacts Identified During the Cultural Resources Survey 120 Table Appendix D-1. CRM Tech Artifact Catalogue from 2008 Excavations 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 APPENDIX E. SITE RECORDS State of California  The Resources Agency Primary # P-33-16950 DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI# CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial CA-RIV-8835 Page 1 of 7 *Resource Name or # P-33-16950 CRM Tech first recorded site P-33-16950 16950 (CA-RIV-8835) during Phase I survey in February 2008. At that time, the site was recorded as a prehistoric scatter of daub, ceramic sherds, and fire affected rock. Significance and the vertical extent of the site could not be determined and CRM Tech recommended a testing and evaluation program (Eddy et al. 2008). In April of 2008, CRM Tech conducted a Phase II testing and evaluation program. The Phase II study was conducted with the purpose of determining the historical significance of the site according to guidelines established by the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA). The CRM Tech study consisted of a re-survey of the site, surface collection of artifacts, and multiple excavations. Testing included the hand excavation of 8 test units (TUs) measuring 1meter by 1 meter (m) or 1 m by 2 m, twenty-three 50 centimeter (cm) by 50 cm shovel test pits (STPs), as well as two backhoe excavated trenches measuring 10 m by 2 m and three 2 m by 1 m backhoe excavated pits. The TUs were excavated to a 100 cm below ground surface (cmbs), the STP depth ranged from 50 to 100 cmbs, while the backhoe trenches and pits were excavated to 150-250cmbs. The depth of the RUs ranged from 20 to 40 cmbs. Survey and excavation resulted in the recovery of approximately 2651 artifacts the majority of which consisted of daub/fire affected clay, rock, and faunal remains. Sixty-four ceramic sherds, 15 lithic artifacts, three groundstone fragments, and 10 shell fragments were also recovered. Importantly, 88 specimens were positively identified as human and an additional 83 specimens identified as probable human. The human remains were the result of a cremation burial and were poorly preserved. CRM Tech determined that the site as a whole did not meet CEQA significance criteria: therefore, it did not qualify as a historical resource. However, CRM Tech noted that the area containing the cremation burial retains a high degree of traditional cultural value to the local Native American community and therefore meets CEQA criteria as a historical resource (Eddy et al. 2008:45; Ballester and Eddy 2008:3). In December of 2014, Lindsay Porras, an archaeologist with Cogstone Resource Management (Cogstone), conducted archeological survey of portions of parcels 600-030-018 and 600-010-009 as part of the Dune Palms Road Low-water Crossing Replacement Project proposed by Caltrans and the City of La Quinta. The survey resulted in the documentation of a light ceramic scatter directly northwest of the recorded boundaries of site P-33-16950. The scatter included seven brownware sherds as well as one chert secondary flake. The presence of the ceramic scatter in the close proximity to P-33-16950 necessitated a northwesterly expansion of the site’s boundaries. This expansion contains an area of 2180.82 square meters, of which 258 are within parcel 600-010-009. None of the artifacts were collected during the survey. Although Cogstone identified cultural material on the surface and extended the boundary of P-33-16950 (CA-RIV- 8835) to include the material, it was evident that extensive ground disturbance had occurred. As a result, it was not clear if there was intact subsurface cultural matrix within the new extended boundary or if the material was being brought into the area by previous grading, disking, utility installation and/or construction activities. Additional research was conducted in order to understand to what extent previous disturbances within APN 600-030- 018 may have affected the distribution of cultural materials from P-33-16950 (CA-RIV-8835). Cogstone reviewed the Coachella Valley Stormwater Channel Plan and Profile and the Off-site Improvement Plan for the La Quinta Corporate Centre, both provided by the City of La Quinta. Additionally, aerial photography available on Google Earth was reviewed. The Whitewater River was channelized by the Coachella Valley County Water District (CVCWD) in order to better manage storm water run-off (CVCWD 1971). This included the building up of the dirt side walls with portions of the walls concreted over. With the building of the Jefferson Plaza Shopping Center to the east of APN 600-030-018 sometime between 2006 and 2009, the concreted walls of the channel were extended west. Ground disturbance also occurred along the western edge of the APN 600-030-018 when Dune Palms Road was extended north from Highway 111 between 1996 and 2002 (Figures 15 & 16). In 2000, 8” and 12” vitrified clay pipes (VCP) for a sewer line were installed for the La Quinta Corporate Centre located across the street on the west side of Dune Palms Road. The VCP sewer line was placed approximately 20 feet south of the storm water channel. This included excavation from 7ft to 14 ft below surface (La Quinta Corporate Centre 2000). With the new information obtained about prior disturbances, Martinez revisited APN 600-030-018 on June 23, 2015 to further investigate the ground disturbance, to relocate the artifacts identified in the initial survey and assess whether the artifacts were in a primary context. *Recorded by: Lindsey Porras *Date: 12/29/2014  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (1/95) State of California  The Resources Agency Primary # P-33-16950 DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI# CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial CA-RIV-8835 Page 2 of 7 *Resource Name or # P-33-16950 The ceramic scatter located at GPS point B by Porras was re-identified and collected (20150623DRM12). Martinez and Porras used different GPS units to collect UTM coordinates which resulted in a 5 ft error. As a result Martinez cannot verify that the ceramic pieces collected were the same ones identified at GPS point A. Martinez also collected 56 brownware ceramic sherds and 1 shaped ceramic artifact in order to get a sampling of the types of ceramics within the scatter in the expanded site boundaries. Also collected were 25 fire-hardened clay pieces, which at the time were thought to be fired daub. CRM Tech (Eddy et al. 2008) cataloged similar items as daub/fire affected clay (FAC) during their testing phase. All of the artifacts were located on sediments described as silty fine-grained sand with 10 percent pebbles and granules. In 2008, CRM Tech estimated the area of P-33-16950 at 3690 square meters. In December of 2014, Cogstone measured the area utilizing ArcGIS and found the original estimate to be in error. The area of the site as recorded in February of 2008 equaled 9255m2. The updated boundaries of April 2008 equaled 9987m2. The area of the site with the 2014 update totals 12168m2. The site was not evaluated for its eligibility for listing in the National Register of Historic Places or the California Register of Historical Resources. Subsurface testing in the extension area is required to make the determination. References Cited: Ballester, Daniel and John Eddy 2008 State of California—The Resources Agency: Department of Parks and Recreation: Continuation Sheet: P-33- 16950 (Update). On file, Eastern Information Center, University of California Riverside. Coachella Valley Water District 1971 C.V. Stormwater Channel Plan 8: Profile. DWG No. 10,521-8. Eddy, John J., Mariam Dahdul, Harry M. Quinn, Matthew Wetherbee 2008 Final Cultural Resources Report: Archaeological Testing and Evaluation of site CA-RIV-8835 (33-16950), Assessor's Parcel No. 600-030-018, City of La Quinta, Riverside County, California. On file, Eastern Information Center, University of California, Riverside. La Quinta Corporate Centre 2000 Construction Plans for the Off-Site Sewer Improvement Project. DWG No. SW571103 *Recorded by: Lindsey Porras *Date: 12/29/2014  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (1/95) *Required information State of California  The Resources Agency Primary # P-33-16950 DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI# CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial CA-RIV-8835 Page 3 of 7 *Resource Name or # P-33-16950 *Recorded by: Lindsey Porras *Date: 12/29/2014  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (1/95) *Required information State of California  The Resources Agency Primary # P-33-16950 DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI# CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial CA-RIV-8835 Page 4 of 7 *Resource Name or # P-33-16950 East side of Dune Palms at north boundary of parcel 600030018; pottery shard side A; facing north East side of Dune Palms at south end of parcel 600010009; pottery shard side A; facing north East side of Dune Palms; pottery shard concentration; rim shard profile; parcel 600030018; facing north East side of Dune Palms; closeup of pottery shard concentration with one chert flake; parcel 600030018; facing north *Recorded by: Lindsey Porras *Date: 12/29/2014  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (1/95) *Required information State of California  The Resources Agency Primary # P-33-16950 DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI# CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial CA-RIV-8835 Page 5 of 7 *Resource Name or # P-33-16950 Catalog No. 20150623DRM09, Close-up of Fire Hardened Clay Piece, collected on June 23, 2015 Catalog No. 20150623DRM13, Two Brownware Sherds, collected on June 23, 2015 Ceramic Sherds Collected at 20150623DRM06, on June 23, 2015 *Recorded by: Lindsey Porras *Date: 12/29/2014  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (1/95) *Required information State of California  The Resources Agency Primary # P-33-16950 DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI# CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial CA-RIV-8835 Page 6 of 7 *Resource Name or # P-33-16950 *Recorded by: Lindsey Porras *Date: 12/29/2014  Continuation  Update DPR 523L (1/95) *Required information State of California  The Resources Agency Primary # P-33-16950 DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI# ARTIFACT RECORD Trinomial CA-RIV-8835 Page 7 of 7 *Resource Name or # P-33-16950 Artifact # Condition Description (form, material, etc.) Locational Data NAD 1984 Collected? mE mN 20150623DRM01 Fragment 2 ceramic body sherds 566990.3 3730136 Yes 20150623DRM02 Fragment 1 ceramic body sherd 566985.3 3730136 Yes 20150623DRM03 Fragment 1 ceramic rim sherd 566985.7 3730145 Yes 20150623DRM04 Fragment 1 ceramic body sherd 566994.3 3730131 Yes 20150623DRM05 Fragment 1 ceramic body sherd, 1 shaped ceramic piece 566993.3 3730132 Yes 20150623DRM06 Fragment 6 ceramic body sherds 566999.5 3730136 Yes 20150623DRM07 Fragment 1 rim ceramic sherd, 1 ceramic body sherd 566986.3 3730136 Yes 20150623DRM08 Fragment 1 ceramic body sherd 566986.3 3730137 Yes 20150623DRM09 Fragment 6 ceramic body sherds, 15 “fired hardened” pieces 566990.3 3730134 Yes 20150623DRM10 Fragment 14 ceramic body sherds 566983.3 3730134 Yes 20150623DRM11 Fragment 1 ceramic rim sherd 566989.3 3730134 Yes 20150623DRM12 Fragment 12 ceramic body sherds, 10 “fired hardened” pieces 567003.4 3730145 Yes 20150623DRM13 Fragment 7 ceramic body sherds 566990.3 3730136 Yes *Recorded by: Lindsey Porras *Date: 12/29/2014  Continuation  Update DPR 523H (1/95) *Required information State of Callforn ia --The Resources Agency DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION CONTINUATION SHEET Prima ry # 33-16950 (Update) HRI# ________________________ ___ Tri nom ial CA-RIV-8835 (Update) Page_1_o f_5_ Resou rce name o r # (Assigned by recorder) ____________ __ Reco rded by Daniel Ballester and John Eddy D ~e February 29, 2008 Aff ili a ti o n: CRM TECH , Col ton Continuation .-L Update P ro ject No : CRM TECH 2235 CA-RIV-8835 was first recorded in February and March 2008 as a prehistoric-i.e., Native American-site consisting of a scatter of daub, some of which had been burned, ceramic sherds, and fire-affected rock (Encarnarcion and Hogan 2008:11-12). within the site boundaries there were numerous areas with dense concentrations of daub, including several that also contained potsherds and fire-affected rock. However, no obvious or definite evidence of features, s u ch as fire pits or house rings, was found . The vertical extent of site CA-RIV-8835 and its potential for containing intact subsurface artifact deposits and features could not be ascertained on the basis of the 2008 Phase I survey (E n carnarcion and Hogan 2008: 13-14). Therefore, a testing and evaluation program was recommended to assess the historical significance of the site. In April 2008 , CRM TECH completed the field procedures for the testing program at the site. In April 2008, variety of recovery methods were used to collect data from site CA-RIV-8835, including a systematic re-survey, surface collection, shovel test pits (STPS), test units, backhoe trenching, backhoe test pits, and recovery units. All artif a cts and ecofacts recovered from CA-RIV-8835 were transported to CRM TECH's laboratory for further detailed analysis. The re-survey of site CA-RIV-8835 found additional surface artifacts, including ceramic sherds, marine a n d freshwater shell, groundstone, and faunal that were not observed during the previous s u rvey . This resulted in a slight expansion of the boundaries of the site . The surface area of the site now covers approx imately 3,690 square meters. The site was subsequently organized into areas of relatively dense artifact concentrations, small artifact clusters, and sparse artifact scatters. Although sparse scatters of daub/FAC typically characterized the surface deposit at the site, there were several areas where artifacts appeared to cluster in relatively dense concentrations. During the surface collection, a total of 714 artifacts and ecofacts, including prehistoric ceramic sherds, daub/FAC, grounds tone fragments, and rocks, were collected from five artifact concentrations and the sparsely scattered areas of the rest of the site . A total of eight test units, seven measuring 1x1 meter and o n e measuring 1x2 meters, were excavated to the depths of 50-100 cm below ground surface. Approximately 712 artifacts, including daub/FAC, ceramic sherds, lithics, freshwater shell, charcoal, rock, and faunal, including cremated human remains, were recovered from the test units. Most significantly, cremated human remains were discovered in Unit 5, placed where non-diagnostic bone fragments were found on the surface o f Concentration 4 during the re-survey. Cant. on p. 2 DP R 523 L (1/95) RECEIVED IN FEB 12 2009 EIC 'Required Informati o n State of Californla--The Resources Agency DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION CONTINUATION SHEET Primary # 33-16950 (Update) HRI# ____________________________ ___ Trinomial CA-RIV-8835 ( Update) Page __ 3 _of __ 5_ Resource name or # (Assigned by recorder) _____________ _ perhaps aquatic and migratory birds_ However, the site appears to have functioned in its greatest capacity as a collection and preliminary processing area with the bulk of food processing activities occurring elsewhere, likely CA-RIV-2936 located approximately 1/2 mile to the west_ The presence of cremated human remains, however, may indicate that the site was occupied for brief periods of time, or served as an area for secondary burial, as was the custom for some Cahuilla groups in the region_ In addition, other activities, such as ceramic production and food preparation/cooking, may also have occurred at Site CA-RIV-8835. Under more favorable conditions, analysis of the types of artifacts found at CA- RIV-8835, including daub/FAC, ceramic sherds, lithics, groundstone, FAR, shell, faunal, and human remains, could yield important information on prehistoric life in the Whitewater River Delta/Dune complex and near the northwest shoreline of ancient Lake Cahuilla. However, in light of the low quantity of formal tool artifacts and production debris, the absence of dense cultural midden, and the relative homogeneity of the material assemblage, Site CA-RIV-8835 have a very limited ability to provide any new information of importance to the results of numerous previous studies in the vicinity. Based on these considerations, Site CA-RIV-8835 as a whole does not appear to meet the criteria for listing in the California Register of Historical Resources_ However, the cremated human remains identified at CA-RIV-8835 retain a high degree of traditional cultural value to the local Native American community. As such, the portion of the site containing the cremation remains does appear to meet the criteria for listing in the California Register. Report Citation : Eddy, John J., Mariam Dahdul, Harry M. Quinn, Matthew Wetherbee 2008 Final Cultural Resources Report: Archaeological Testing and Evaluation of site CA-RIV-8835 (33-16950), Assessor's Parcel No. 600-030-018, City of La Quinta, Riverside County, California. On file, Eastern Information center, University of California, Riverside. Encarnaci6n, Deirdre, and Michael Hogan 2008 Historical/Archaeological Resources Survey Report: Assessor's Parcel No. 600-030-018, City of La Quinta, Riverside County, California_ Report on file , Eastern Information Center, University of California, Riverside. DPR 523L (1/95) 'Required Information e State of Callfornla--The Resources Agency DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION Primary # 3 3-16950 Trinomial CA-RI V -883 5 ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE RECORD Page_2_of_4_ "Resource Name or # (Assigned by recorder)_.::C"'Ro;M;...T=E.:::C"'H'--'2::..!2"'1"-2"---.:1 ___ _ Al . Dimensions : a. Length 145 m (N-S) b. Wldth........,.:1.=.3-"0--"'m'-\.(.",E'----"WCl) ________ _ Method of Measurement:..l..Paced __ Taped __ Visual estimate..l.. Other: Rangef inder Method of Determination (Check any that apply.): V Artifacts Features Soil Vegetation Topography Cut bank Animal burrow Excavation Property boundary V Other (Explain): Ecofacts Reliability of D;termlnatl~n: __ High .;r Medium_Low Explain :. __ -_-_ -___________ _ Limitations (Check any that apply):_Restricted access Pavedlbuilt over_Site limits incompletely defined Disturbances Vegetation Other (Explain): _____________________ _ A2 . Depth: --None \TUnknown Method of Determination : ____________ _ "A3. Human Remalns:_Present V Absent_Possible _Unknown (Explain): _____________ _ *A4. Features: (Number. briefly describe. indicate size , list associated cultural constituents , and show location of each feature on sketch map .) No features were noted on surface, although concentrations of fire-affected clay and some scattered fire-affected rocks were observed. *A5. Cultural Constituents: (Describe and quantify artifacts, ecofacts , cultural residues . etc ., not associated with features.) Some 10+ potsherds and several FAR were present; the site area contains a light scatter of daub/clay/fire-affected Clay, with some localized concentrations. ·AG. *A7. "AS. ·A9. Al0. Al1. "A12 . A13. A14. Were Specimens Coliected?..L No __ Yes (If yes , attach Artifact Reco rd or c atalog and identify where specimens are curated .) Site Condition: __ GoodlFair __ Poor (Describe disturbances.): The prope r ty ha s probab l y been disked for weed abatement purposes, which may account for the scattered clay throughout the site. Nearest Water (Type, distance , and direction.): The Whitewater River (now a channelized stormwater channel) is immediately adjacent to the north of APN 600-030-018, and 100 meters north of the site. Elevation: Approximately 60 feet above mean sea level Environmental Setting: (Describe vegetation, fauna, soils, geology, landform, slope, aspect, exposure , etc.): The ecological setting of the site is typical of the Coachella Valley, with sparse vegetation consisting of Creosote bushes, some mesquite, other bushes, and low-lying intrusive weeds and grasses. Soils consist of loose dune sands, with an open exposure. Since the parcel is within an urban setting, most native fauna would no longer be found on the property, though rabbits and ground squirrels may still be present. Hlstorlcallnformatlon: __________________________________ _ Age:..l..Prehistoric_Protohistoric 1542-1769 1769-1848 1848-1880 - - 1880-1914 1914-1945 _Post 1945_Undetermined Describe position In regional prehistoric chronology or factual historic dates If known: ________________________________________ _ Interpretations: (Discuss scientific, interpretive , ethnic , and other values of site , if known ) The site is within the traditional territory of the Desert Cahuilla. It appears t o date to the late prehistoric period, although older deposits may be present below the surface. Remarks: An archaeological testing and evaluation program is recommended to determine the significance of the site. A 15. References: (Documents, informants, maps, and other references .):_-=S"'e=..;e::.....I=-=t.=e=m:...;:P""l"'l::...o.. _________ _ A 1G. Photographs: (List subjects , direction of view, and accession numbers or attach a Photograph Record.):. ____ _ Original MedialNegatives Kept at: CRM TECH, 1016 East Cooley Drive, suite A/B, Col ton, CA 92324 "A17. Form Prepared by: Michael Hogan and Deirdre Encarnaci6n Affiliation and Address: CRM TECH, 1016 East Cooley Drive, 92324 DPR 523A (1/95) Date: March 1, 2008 Suite A/B, Colton, CA "Required Information State of California  The Resources Agency Primary # DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # PRIMARY RECORD Trinomial NRHP Status Code Other Listings Review Code Reviewer Date Page 1 of 2 *Resource Name or #: 20141229LAP_1 P1. Other Identifier: *P2. Location:  Not for Publication  Unrestricted *a. County: Riverside and (P2b and P2c or P2d. Attach a Location Map as necessary.) *b. USGS 7.5' Quad: La Quinta Date: 1984 T 5S ; R 7E ; NW¼ of NE¼ of Sec 29 ; San Bernardino B.M. c. Address: City: Zip: d. UTM: Zone: 11S ; 566971.97 mE/ 3730623.59 mN (G.P.S.) e. Other Locational Data: Located within Riverside County, CA Assessor’s Parcel Number 600030021 on the east side of Dune Palms Road in the City of La Quinta. Elevation: Approximately 18 meters amsl *P3a. Description: This isolate is a granitic mano showing, impact scaring, and use-ware with a small smoothed surface. The mano likely originated as a river rock from the nearby Whitewater River. The isolate measures 10cm x11cm x 3cm with the smoothed surface measuring 4cm x 6cm. *P3b. Resource Attributes: AP16. Other, Isolate *P4. Resources Present: Building Structure Object Site District Element of District Other (Isolates, etc.) P5b. Description of Photo: East side of Dune Palms at parcel 600030021; Plan view. *P6. Date Constructed/Age and Sources: Historic Prehistoric Both *P7. Owner and Address: City of La Quinta 78495 Calle Tampico, La Quinta, CA 92253 *P8. Recorded by: Lindsey Porras; Cogstone Resource Management *P9. Date Recorded: 12/29/2014 *P10. Survey Type: Intensive Pedestrian *P11. Report Citation: 2015. Gust, Sherri, Desiree Martinez. Molly Valasik, and Andre Simmons. Archaeological Survey Report for the Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project, La Quinta City, Riverside County, California. Report on file at the Eastern Information Center and Caltrans District 8. *Attachments: NONE Location Map Sketch Map Continuation Sheet Building, Structure, and Object Record Archaeological Record District Record Linear Feature Record Milling Station Record Rock Art Record Artifact Record Photograph Record  Other (List): DPR 523A (1/95) *Required information P5a. Photo or Drawing State of California  The Resources Agency Primary # DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI# LOCATION MAP Trinomial Page 2 of 2 *Resource Name or #: 20141229LAP_1 *Map Name: La Quinta *Scale: 1:24,000 Date of Map: 1984 DPR 523J (1/95) *Required information