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Dune Palms HPSR
State of California Transportation Agency Department of Transportation HISTORIC PROPERTY SURVEY REPORT [HPSR form rev 08/07/15] Caltrans, Division of Environmental Analysis. Copyright © 2014 State of California. All rights reserved. Alteration to the title and section headings is prohibited. Page 1 1. UNDERTAKING DESCRIPTION AND LOCATION District County Route Post Miles Unit E-FIS Project Number Phase District County Federal Project. Number. (Prefix, Agency Code, Project No.) Location 8 Riverside BLRKS 5433 (014) Dune Palms Road, La Quinta, California Project Description: The project proposes to remove the existing low-water crossing of Dune Palms Road at the Coachella Valley Stormwater Channel (CVSC) in the City of La Quinta, Riverside County (see Vicinity and Location Maps in Attachment A). As part of the Dune Palms Road Low Water Crossing Replacement Project, a bridge will be constructed to replace the existing low-water crossing of Dune Palms Road across the CVSC. The existing low-water roadway crossing width is a four lane roadway section with no median, an eight foot wide sidewalk along the western edge, and an eight foot shoulder along the eastern edge of the road which is 68 feet wide. Immediately north of the channel crossing, the existing right-of-way width does accommodate a second northbound through lane. In addition, Dune Palms Road approximately one-quarter mile south of the channel low-water crossing is a four lane roadway with a median. Immediately south of the channel crossing, the existing roadway width is sufficient to accommodate four through lanes. The existing adjacent roadway approach from the south consists of one northbound and two southbound through lanes and the northern roadway approach consists of one through lanes in each direction. The transition from one to two lanes in the southbound direction occurs at the midpoint of the channel crossing. The new three-span bridge will be 480 feet long and 86 feet wide. The bridge typical section consists of a six-foot sidewalk on both sides of the bridge, two (2) eight-foot outside shoulders also serving as bike/golf cart lanes, a 9’8” raised median, two (2) eleven-foot travel lanes, and two (2) twelve-foot travel lanes. The bridge will increase the existing roadway width to accommodate a median area; however, the existing configuration will be modified to accommodate the existing four lane roadway section to the south, and the City’s current improvement project to the north, which will widen Dune Palms Road to four lanes with a continuous center left-turn lane. The proposed improvements will include a significant vertical grade raise to meet the hydraulic requirements of the Coachella Valley Water District (CVWD). The roadway at the bridge approach will be reconstructed to accommodate the raised profile. In order to match the roadway section on the south side of the bridge, the project’s construction limits will be extended to Highway 111. On the north side of the bridge, the project limits will be extended to include a vacant lot north of the project area. The vacant lot is owned by the City and may be used for storage and construction staging. As a part of the bridge construction, concrete slope protection will be installed along the north side of the channel. Additionally, minor removal and replacement of slope protection will be required on the south side of channel west of the proposed bridge and extension of slope protection approximately 300 feet downstream of the proposed bridge. The slope protection will be based on revised CVWD standards for scour countermeasures. As a result of the proposed cast-in-place drilled shaft bridge construction, scour protection within the bottom of the channel is not currently being required by CVWD. The project will also require utility relocations for State of California Transportation Agency Department of Transportation HISTORIC PROPERTY SURVEY REPORT [HPSR form rev 08/07/15] Caltrans, Division of Environmental Analysis. Copyright © 2014 State of California. All rights reserved. Alteration to the title and section headings is prohibited. Page 2 overhead electrical distribution lines (Imperial Irrigation District facility), adjustment to both water valve can and lids and the manhole covers, minor 12” ductile iron pipe water main relocations at each bridge abutment, and relocation of both a 12” and 18” sewer line at the northern bridge abutment. The bridge design will incorporate a special architectural treatment on the bridge railing to achieve the community design goals. Both the north and southbound street approaches will incorporate alternative strategies that will reduce bridge deck noise levels. In addition, the project will follow current Caltrans Design Memo’s for reducing noise generated from traditional concrete bridge decks. The Coachella Valley Association of Governments (CVAG) and the communities within the Coachella Valley are working together on the implementation of a regional Bike/Pedestrian/NEV corridor (CV Link) along Whitewater River and CVSC. In accordance with this plan, the project will be designed to allow for the integration of a trail under crossing within the southern slope protection. It also includes a trail connector to the pedestrian and bike facilities along Dune Palms Road. The project will require right-of- way acquisition on the northeast and southeast corners of the proposed bridge. The existing development at the northeast corner of the proposed bridge consists of a manufactured home park with one single family home on the same parcel of land. However, the existing mobile home park has a number of encroachments with site improvements within the street right of way. The project may require the acquisition and relocation of one single-family residence as a result of the raise in street grade for the proposed bridge. In addition, the project may need to acquire and relocate the residents of one mobile home located to the north of the single family residence. However, the project will be designed to avoid relocation impacts, pending approval by the property owners of a partial property acquisition and access modification. The existing roadway will be modified as a temporary bypass to allow for staged construction of the bridge, and to maintain vehicle and pedestrian access at all times. Temporary and short term access impact may occur during construction, and will require coordination with property owners, the public, and other stakeholders. 2. AREA OF POTENTIAL EFFECTS In accordance with Section 106 Programmatic Agreement Stipulation VIII.A, the Area of Potential Effects (APE) for the Project was established in consultation with Steven Holm, Principal Investigator, Historic Archaeology, and David Lee, District Local Assistance Planner, on November 13, 2017. The APE map is located in Attachment A in this Historic Property Survey Report. The APE was established from the project footprint and includes all direct impacts, temporary construction easements, right-of-way acquisitions, and staging and storage areas. The horizontal limits of the APE north of the CVSC are along the existing street right-of-way, along the west side of Dune Palms Road and include the entire intersection of Westward Ho Drive/Blackhawk Way and Dune Palms Road. The eastern extent of the APE north of the CVSC includes the intersection of Westward Ho Drive/Blackhawk Way and Dune Palms Road and continues east approximately 500 feet to encompass the entireties of city owned parcels 600-030-020, 600-030-004, and 600-030-021, as well as privately owned parcels 600-030-019 State of California Transportation Agency Department of Transportation HISTORIC PROPERTY SURVEY REPORT [HPSR form rev 08/07/15] Caltrans, Division of Environmental Analysis. Copyright © 2014 State of California. All rights reserved. Alteration to the title and section headings is prohibited. Page 3 and 600-030-010. The 35,000 square foot staging area is located within parcels 600-030-021 and 600-030-004. The Dune Palms Mobile Estates mobile home park is located within Parcel 600-030-010. South of the Dune Palms Mobile Estates, the APE includes an approximately 750-foot wide section of the CVSC; this includes approximately 450 feet east of Dune Palms road and an approximately 300 feet west of Dune Palms Road. South of the CVSC, the western limits of the APE include all of parcel 600-390-021, as well as portions of the La Quinta Corporate Center (parcels 600-390-023 and 600-390-010). The eastern extent of the APE south of the CVSC includes the entirety of parcel 600-030-018. The maximum vertical APE is 80 to 100 feet. An Area of Direct Impact (ADI) was defined and includes all areas where ground disturbing activities will take place. The ADI is limited to the area along both sides of Dune Palms Road. However, where the road crosses the CVSC, the ADI extends 300 feet westward into the CVSC and 465 feet eastward into the CVSC. There is a high potential for deeper sediments within the ADI in parcel 600-030-018 to contain archaeological material. Previous testing at P-33-16950 identified subsurface deposits to a depth of 250 centimeters below surface (cmbs). The majority of subsurface artifacts were located within the top 40 cmbs. However, a less dense deeper deposit consisting mainly of charcoal fragments and pieces of fire-affected clay extended to depth of 250 cmbs. Although no subsurface artifacts were identified within the Project ADI during the Extended Phase I program, STPs were terminated at a depth of 80 cmbs and there remains the potential for the ADI to contain unidentified deeper deposits. Sediments in the APE consist of Holocene sand and gravels from the Whitewater River (Qg), Holocene alluvial valley deposits (Qa), and Holocene eolian wind-laid dune sands (Qs). Thus, sediments in the APE are a result of fluvial, alluvial, and eolian deposition, all of which could contain archaeological material. 3. CONSULTING PARTIES / PUBLIC PARTICIPATION X Native American Heritage Commission • A search of the Sacred Lands File was requested from the Native American Heritage Commission (NAHC) on October 22, 2014. On November 6, 2014, the Commission responded stating there that the search failed to indicate the presence of Native American cultural resources within the APE. The NAHC also provided a list of 20 Native American tribes or individuals to be contacted for further information regarding the Project vicinity (HPSR Attachment E). X Native American Tribes, Groups and Individuals • Letters requesting any information related to cultural resources or heritage sites within or adjacent to the Project were sent on 12 November 2014. If no response was received, follow-up emails or phone calls were made on 1 December 2014 and on 9 December 2014. • Agua Caliente Band of Mission Indians –On December 11, 2014, Patricia Garcia on behalf of the Agua Caliente Band of Mission Indians indicated that the project area is not located within the boundaries of Tribe's Reservation. However, it is within the Tribe's Traditional Use area (TUA). Ms. Garcia requested the presence of an approved Native American Cultural Resource Monitor during any ground disturbing activities (including archaeological testing and surveys). If buried cultural deposits are State of California Transportation Agency Department of Transportation HISTORIC PROPERTY SURVEY REPORT [HPSR form rev 08/07/15] Caltrans, Division of Environmental Analysis. Copyright © 2014 State of California. All rights reserved. Alteration to the title and section headings is prohibited. Page 4 encountered, the monitor may request that destructive construction halt and that the monitor shall notify a qualified archaeologist (Secretary of the Interior Standards and Guidelines) to investigate and, if necessary, prepare a mitigation plan for submission to the State Historic Preservation Officer and the Agua Caliente Tribal Historic Preservation office. Ms. Garcia also requested the presence of an archaeologist that meets the Secretary of the Interior standards during any ground disturbing activities and indicated that the Tribe is particularly concerned with site P-33-08692 (CA-RIV- 6190) because it was recorded within the Project Area. A Native American monitor approved by the Agua Caliente Band of Cahuilla Indians monitored the Extended Phase I program and will monitor ground-disturbing activities during construction. • Augustine Band of Cahuilla Mission Indians—On November 25, 2014 Mary Ann Green, Chairperson of the Augustine Band of Cahuilla Mission Indians indicated that she is unaware of specific cultural resources that may be affected by the proposed Dune Palms project. However, she recommended that a Native American monitor be present during all pre-construction and construction phases of the project. She also asked to be notified if any cultural resources are discovered. A Native American monitor approved by the Agua Caliente Band of Cahuilla Indians monitored the Extended Phase I program and will monitor ground-disturbing activities during construction. • Morongo Band of Mission Indians—On December 2, 2014, Denisa Torres, on behalf of the Morongo Band of Mission Indians, indicated that the Dune Palms Project is located outside of the Morongo reservation boundaries but within an area that may be considered a traditional use area or one in which the Tribe has cultural ties (e.g. Cahuilla/Serrano territory). Ms. Torres requested that if human remains are encountered during grading and other construction excavation, work in the immediate vicinity shall cease and the County Coroner shall be contacted pursuant to State Health and Safety Code §7050.5; and, in the event that Native American cultural resources are discovered during project development/construction, all work in the immediate vicinity of the find shall cease and a qualified archaeologist meeting Secretary of Interior standards shall be hired to assess the find. Work on the overall project may continue during this assessment period. If significant Native American cultural resources are discovered, for which a Treatment Plan must be prepared, the developer or his archaeologist shall contact the Morongo Band of Mission Indians. Additionally, if requested by the Tribe, the developer or the project archaeologist shall, in good faith, consult on the discovery and its disposition (e.g. avoidance, preservation, return of artifacts to tribe, etc.). • Los Coyotes Band of Mission Indians, Shane Chapparosa, Chairman—On 12/9/2014, Cogstone was informed that John Perada is responsible for Native American consultation. An email and a voicemail were sent to updated contact information. No response to the inquiry was received from Mr. Perada to date. • Ramona Band of Mission Indians, Joseph Hamilton, Chairman—On 12/9/2014 Cogstone was informed that Mr. John Gomez is responsible for Native American Consultation. He requested a digital copy of the letter be sent to his new email. No response to date has been received. State of California Transportation Agency Department of Transportation HISTORIC PROPERTY SURVEY REPORT [HPSR form rev 08/07/15] Caltrans, Division of Environmental Analysis. Copyright © 2014 State of California. All rights reserved. Alteration to the title and section headings is prohibited. Page 5 • Torres-Martinez Desert Cahuilla Indians, Mary Resvaloso, Chairperson—On 12/9/2014 Mr. Ferrar on behalf of the Torres Martinez Desert Cahuilla Indians indicated that he was the contact person for the Tribe. He stated that he received the consultation letter and asked for associated cultural and environmental reports related to the project area. Appropriate documents were sent and no further response was received. The Tribe was contacted subsequently regarding monitoring (see below). • Santa Rosa Band of Mission Indians, John Marcus, Chairman—On December 1st, 2014, the tribal administrator for the Santa Rosa Band of Mission Indians informed Cogstone that the City of La Quinta is in the jurisdiction of the Cabazon Tribes and to please defer to them for consultation. • Cahuilla Band of Indians, Luther Salgado. Mr. Salgado provided updated information and received a digital copy of the consultation letter. No response to date has been received. • Cabazon Band of Mission Indians, Judy Stapp, Director of Cultural Affairs. On November 19th, 2014, Ms. Judy Stapp on behalf of the Cabazon Mission Indians indicated that the Dune Palms Project is located outside of the Tribe's current reservation boundaries. The Tribe has no specific archival information on the site indicating that it may be a sacred/religious site or other site of Native American cultural value. • Ramona Band of Mission Indians, Manuel Hamilton, Vice Chairperson. No response to date has been received. Prior to beginning the Extended Phase I program, another set of letters to Native Americans was sent. A letter providing updated information about the project was sent by the City of La Quinta to the following Native American contacts on April 18, 2017: • Luther Salgado, Chairman, Cahuilla Band of Indians • Ernest Siva, Tribal Elder, Morongo Band of Mission Indians • Karen Kupcha, Augustine Band of Cahuilla Mission Indians • Patricia Garcia-Plotkin, THPO, Agua Caliente Band of Cahuilla Indians • Michael Mirelez, Cultural Resources Coordinator, Torres-Martinez Desert Cahuilla Indians William Vance, Tribal Vice Chairman of the Augustine Band of Cahuilla Mission Indians replied that the Band is unaware of specific cultural resources that may be affected by the proposed project. They recommended that a qualified Native American monitor be present during construction and they wish to be notified if any cultural resources are discovered. A Native American monitor approved by the Agua Caliente Band of Cahuilla Indians monitored the Extended Phase I program and will monitor ground-disturbing activities during construction. The Agua Caliente Band of Mission Indians and the Torres-Martinez Desert Cahuilla Indians were asked if they wished to provide Native American monitors for the project. ECORP contacted Patricia Garcia-Plotkin, the Director of the Tribal Historic Preservation Office for the Agua Caliente Band of Mission Indians and Michael Mirelez, the Cultural Resources Coordinator, for the Torres-Martinez Desert Cahuilla Indians via telephone State of California Transportation Agency Department of Transportation HISTORIC PROPERTY SURVEY REPORT [HPSR form rev 08/07/15] Caltrans, Division of Environmental Analysis. Copyright © 2014 State of California. All rights reserved. Alteration to the title and section headings is prohibited. Page 6 calls on May 31, 2017. Both Tribes initially expressed interest in providing monitors for the Project. Agua Caliente agreed to supply a Native American monitor on June 25, 2017. Mr. Mirelez of Torres-Martinez stated that the Tribe could not find a qualified monitor. Mr. Mirelez deferred to the Agua Caliente for Native American monitoring for the study. Native American monitors were supplied by the Agua Caliente Band for the entirety of the Extended Phase I fieldwork. Native American monitors were supplied by the Agua Caliente Band for the entirety of the Extended Phase I fieldwork and Native American monitors approved by the Agua Caliente Band of Cahuilla Indians will monitor ground- disturbing activities during construction. No responses have been received to date from Luther Salgado, Chairman, Cahuilla Band of Indians and Ernest Siva, Tribal Elder, Morongo Band of Mission Indians. Documentation of Native American consultation is in Attachment E. 4. SUMMARY OF IDENTIFICATION EFFORTS X National Register of Historic Places X California Points of Historical Interest X California Register of Historical Resources _ Caltrans Cultural Resources Database (CCRD) X California Inventory of Historic Resources X Caltrans Historic Highway Bridge Inventory X California Historical Landmarks X California Historical Resources Information System (CHRIS) • Eastern Information Center accessed 10 October 2014. X Other Sources consulted • City of La Quinta Historic Resources Inventory Database (HRID): Negative X Results: • 143 cultural resources investigations have been completed previously within a 1-mile radius of the APE. Of these, 12 studies included portions of the APE. • 120 cultural resources have been identified and documented previously within a 1-mile radius of the APE. Two prehistoric archaeological sites (P-33-08692 and P-33-16950) have been recorded within the APE. Of the other 118 cultural resources within 1-mile of the APE, 11 have been evaluated for inclusion on the NRHP and CRHR; however, none of them are currently listed on either register. Five prehistoric Native American and three historic archaeological sites are located within ¼-mile of the APE. One historic built resource, six historic archaeological sites, and 26 prehistoric Native American archaeological sites are located between ¼-mile and ½-mile from the APE. Finally, two historic built resources, four historic archaeological sites, and 71 prehistoric Native American archaeological sites are located between ½-mile and 1 mile from the APE. State of California Transportation Agency Department of Transportation HISTORIC PROPERTY SURVEY REPORT [HPSR form rev 08/07/15] Caltrans, Division of Environmental Analysis. Copyright © 2014 State of California. All rights reserved. Alteration to the title and section headings is prohibited. Page 7 • P-33-08692 (CA-RIV-6190) was recorded in November of 1998 by CRM Tech. Located adjacent to the APE at the northwestern corner of the Highway 111 and Dune Palms Road intersection, this site was recorded as an extensive prehistoric habitation site with five loci of ceramics, burned bone, debitage, burned clay, and fire affected rock. A jasper Cottonwood Triangular projectile point was also recovered from this site. The Cottonwood Triangular projectile point indicates that this site was a late prehistoric Cahuilla habitation site less than 1000 years old. The site was not evaluated for inclusion in the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) or the California Register of Historical Resources (CRHR). Aerial photographs and the results of the field survey show that the location of site P-33-08692 in the APE is now occupied by a USA Gasoline station and the La Quinta Corporate Centre. It appears that P-33-08692 no longer exists within the APE. • P-33-16950 (CA-RIV-8835) first was recorded in February of 2008 by CRM Tech. Located in the southeastern part of the APE and entirely within parcel 600-030-018 (see APE Map), the site was initially recorded as a light prehistoric ceramic scatter with daub and fire affected rock. CRM Tech conducted archaeological subsurface testing at the site in April of 2008. Testing revealed the presence of additional ceramic sherds, marine and freshwater shell, groundstone, charcoal, and faunal remains. Cremated human remains were also found during subsurface testing. Seven hundred fourteen artifacts were recovered during surface collection while an additional 712 artifacts were collected during subsurface testing. After human remains were found, additional recovery units were excavated around them revealing the presence of an additional 1,125 artifacts and ecofacts. Based on the results of the test program, CRM Tech did not think that P-33-16950 was a Historical Resource as defined by CEQA. However, when human remains were found, they said that P-33-16950 is a Historical Resource. The site has not been evaluated using NRHP eligibility criteria. As a result of the survey for the current Project (see Attachment B, ASR), ceramic sherds and daub, along with one flake (debitage), were identified near Dune Palms Road in the Area of Direct Impact (ADI) and the P33-16950 site boundary was extended into the ADI. In July 2017 an Extended Phase I subsurface investigation was carried out to determine whether subsurface prehistoric archaeological deposits are present in the ADI. No cultural material associated with site P33-16950 was found in any of the 17 STPs in the ADI. In addition, evidence of previous disturbance was noted in multiple STPs as evidenced by the presence of modern debris at depths exceeding 60 and 70 cm below the surface. Potentially intact native sediments were noted in two STPs at a depth below 60 cm, but no cultural material was noted in these sediments. Based on these results, it appears that the subsurface deposits within P33-16950 do not extend into the ADI and that the surface material in the ADI is part of a modern secondary deposit. Therefore, the site boundary remains as defined in 2008 (see APE Map) . 5. PROPERTIES IDENTIFIED X Roger Mason, Consultant, who meets the Professionally Qualified Staff Standards in Section 106 Programmatic Agreement Attachment 1 as a Principal Investigator - Archaeology, has determined that the only other properties present within the APE meet State of California Transportation Agency Department of Transportation HISTORIC PROPERTY SURVEY REPORT [HPSR form rev 08/07/15] Caltrans, Division of Environmental Analysis. Copyright © 2014 State of California. All rights reserved. Alteration to the title and section headings is prohibited. Page 8 the criteria for Section 106 Programmatic Agreement Attachment 4 (Properties Exempt from Evaluation). • Isolated granitic mano (20141229LAP-1). X Andrea Galvin, Consultant, who meets the Professionally Qualified Staff Standards in Section 106 Programmatic Agreement Attachment 1 as an Architectural Historian, has determined that the only other properties present within the APE meet the criteria for Section 106 Programmatic Agreement Attachment 4 (Properties Exempt from Evaluation) as property types 2, 4, and 5. • Buildings on the following parcels (APN): 600030019, 600390001, 600390002, 600390003, 600390004, 600390005, 600390006, 600390007, 600390010, 600390021, 600390022, and 600390023. X The following cultural resources within the APE are not eligible for inclusion in the National Register of Historic Places: • Dune Palms Trailer Park District, 46-400 Dune Palms Road, 1940s-70s trailer park • Dune Palms Trailer Park District, 46-400 Dune Palms Road, 1960s single-family residence X The following archaeological sites within the APE are considered eligible for inclusion in the National Register of Historic Places for the purposes of this project only because they will be protected from any potential effects through the establishment of an ESA, in accordance with Section 106 Programmatic Agreement Stipulation VIII.C.3. See attached documentation. • P-33-16950 (CA-RIV-8835). The XPI program showed that there is no subsurface cultural material associated with this prehistoric archaeological site in the ADI. Construction activities in the ADI will not affect this site. 6. HPSR to District File X Not applicable. 7. HPSR to SHPO X Caltrans has determined there are properties within the APE that were evaluated as a result of the project and are not eligible for inclusion in the National Register of Historic Places; see Section 5. Under Section 106 Programmatic Agreement Stipulation VIII.C.6, Caltrans requests SHPO’s concurrence in this determination. State of California Transportation Agency Department of Transportation HISTORIC PROPERTY SURVEY REPORT [HPSR form rev 08/07/15] Caltrans, Division of Environmental Analysis. Copyright © 2014 State of California. All rights reserved. Alteration to the title and section headings is prohibited. Page 9 8. HPSR to CSO X Caltrans, pursuant to Section 106 Programmatic Agreement Stipulation X.B.1.a, and Attachment 5, has determined a Finding of No Adverse Effect with Standard Conditions - ESA, is appropriate for this undertaking because the historic property will be protected through the establishment of an ESA, and is hereby notifying CSO of this finding. Steven Holm, who meets the Professionally Qualified Staff Standards in Section 106 Programmatic Agreement Attachment 1 as a Principal Investigator, Historic Archaeology, has reviewed the attached documentation and determined that it is adequate. • P-33-16950 (CA-RIV-8835), a prehistoric archaeological site, is considered eligible for the purposes of this undertaking only pursuant to 106 PA Stipulation VIII.C.3. An ESA will be established to protect the site. Orange safety fencing will restrict entry to the parcel where the site is located during construction. Ground disturbing activities in the ADI in the site vicinity will be observed by archaeological and Native American monitors. See Attachment F, ESA Action Plan. 9. Findings for State-Owned Properties X Not applicable; project does not involve Caltrans right-of-way or there are no Caltrans- owned cultural resources within the APE. 10. CEQA Considerations X Not applicable; Caltrans is not the lead agency under CEQA. 11. List of Attached Documentation X Project Vicinity, Location, and APE Maps • Attachment A X Archaeological Survey Report (ASR) • Attachment B: Sherri Gust, M.A., Molly Valasik, M.A., and André Simmons M.A.; October 2017 X Extended Phase I Proposal (XPI Proposal) • Attachment C: Roger Mason, Ph.D.; July 2017 X Extended Phase I Program Report (XPI Report) • Attachment D: Roger Mason, Ph.D.; July 2017 X Native American Consultation • Attachment E X Historical Resources Evaluation Report (HRER) • Attachment F: Andrea Galvin; March 2016 State of California Transportation Agency Department of Transportation HISTORIC PROPERTY SURVEY REPORT [HPSR form rev 08/07/15] Caltrans, Division of Environmental Analysis. Copyright © 2014 State of California. All rights reserved. Alteration to the title and section headings is prohibited. Page 10 X Permits and Agreements • Attachment G X Environmentally Sensitive Area (ESA) Action Plan • Attachment H: Roger Mason, Ph.D.; August 2017 12. HPSR Preparation and Caltrans Approval Prepared by: 8/30/2017 Consultant / discipline: Roger D. Mason, Ph.D./ Principal Investigator –Archaeology Date Affiliation ECORP Consulting, Inc., Santa Ana Reviewed for approval by: District 8 Caltrans PQS discipline/level: Steven Holm PQS: Principal Investigator, Historic Archaeology Date Approved by: District 8 EBC: Andrew Walters Branch Chief, Cultural Studies Caltrans District 8 Date ATTACHMENT A Study Vicinity Map Study Location Map APE Map Study Vicinity Map (USGS 30 x 60 Minute Palm Springs, California, Quadrangle) Dune Palms Road Study Vicinity Map Dune Palms Road Low Water Crossing Replacement Project BLRKS-5433(014) Area of Potential Effects 0 2 Miles I Study Location Map (USGS 7.5 Minute La Quinta, California, Quadrangle) Dune Palms Road Study Location Map Dune Palms Road Low Water Crossing Replacement Project BLRKS-5433(014) Area of Potential Effects 0 1,000 Feet I ATTACHMENT B Archaeological Survey Report (ASR) Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY REPORT FOR THE DUNE PALMS ROAD LOW-WATER CROSSING REPLACEMENT PROJECT, LA QUINTA CITY, RIVERSIDE COUNTY, CALIFORNIA Federal Project No. BLRKS – 5433(014) Prepared for California Department of Transportation—District 8 464 W. 4th St San Bernardino CA 92401 Prepared by: October 25, 2017 Sherri M. Gust, M.S. Date Registered Professional Archaeologist Cogstone Resource Management Inc. 1518 W. Taft Ave., Orange, CA 92865 Authors: Sherri M. Gust, M.S., Desiree Martinez, M.A., Molly Valasik, M.A., and André Simmons, M.A. Reviewed by: _____________________________________________ _________________ Steven Holm Date Principal Investigator, Historic Archaeology (PQS) Caltrans District 8, Environmental Support – Cultural Studies Division 464 West Fourth Street, 8th Floor, MS-825 San Bernardino, CA 92401-1400 Approved by: ____________________________________________ _________________ Date Andrew Walters, Branch Chief Environmental Support – Cultural Studies Caltrans District 8 464 West Fourth Street, 8th Floor, MS-825 San Bernardino, CA 92401-1400 October 2017 Type of Study: Intensive Pedestrian Survey Sites: P-33-16950 (CA-RIV-8835), P-33-08692 (CA-RIV-6190), 20141229LAP_1 (isolate) USGS Quadrangle: Township 5S, Range 7E, Section 20 & 29, La Quinta 7.5’ Area: 48.5 acres Key Words: Positive Survey, Cahuilla, La Quinta Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR iii TABLE OF CONTENTS SUMMARY OF FINDINGS .................................................................................................................................... VI INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................................................................... 1 PROJECT LOCATION AND DESCRIPTION ........................................................................................................ 2 PROJECT LOCATION .................................................................................................................................................... 2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION ............................................................................................................................................... 2 AREA OF POTENTIAL EFFECTS .................................................................................................................................... 6 PROJECT PERSONNEL .................................................................................................................................................. 8 SOURCES CONSULTED......................................................................................................................................... 11 CALIFORNIA HISTORICAL RESOURCES INFORMATION SYSTEM ................................................................................ 11 OTHER SOURCES ...................................................................................................................................................... 24 NATIVE AMERICAN CONSULTATION ........................................................................................................................ 25 BACKGROUND ........................................................................................................................................................ 28 ENVIRONMENT ......................................................................................................................................................... 28 PREHISTORIC CULTURAL SETTING ........................................................................................................................... 29 Project Area Cultures .......................................................................................................................................... 30 ETHNOGRAPHY ......................................................................................................................................................... 32 HISTORICAL SETTING ............................................................................................................................................... 34 GEOARCHAEOLOGICAL SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS ....................................................................................................... 34 Methods ............................................................................................................................................................... 34 Results.................................................................................................................................................................. 37 PROJECT AREA HISTORY .......................................................................................................................................... 38 Previous Ground Disturbance Within the Project Area ...................................................................................... 39 Sewer Line Disturbances to Site P-33-16950 (CA-RIV-8835) APN 600-030-018 ............................................... 41 FIELD SURVEY METHODS AND RESULTS ...................................................................................................... 48 APN 600-030-004 .................................................................................................................................................... 49 APN 600-030-010 .................................................................................................................................................... 49 APN 600-010-009 .................................................................................................................................................... 49 APN 600-030-018 .................................................................................................................................................... 50 APN 600-030-019 .................................................................................................................................................... 59 APN 600-030-020 .................................................................................................................................................... 59 APN 600-030-021 .................................................................................................................................................... 61 APN 600-390-007 .................................................................................................................................................... 63 APN 600-390-010 .................................................................................................................................................... 63 APN 600-390-021 .................................................................................................................................................... 64 APN 600-390-023 .................................................................................................................................................... 65 STUDY FINDINGS AND CONCLUSIONS ........................................................................................................... 66 REFERENCES CITED ............................................................................................................................................. 69 APPENDIX A. QUALIFICATIONS........................................................................................................................ 73 APPENDIX B. PREVIOUS CULTURAL RESOURCES STUDIES .................................................................... 80 APPENDIX C. CONFIDENTIAL MAPS AND DOCUMENTS ........................................................................... 92 APPENDIX D. SITE RECORDS ........................................................................................................................... 110 Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR iv LIST OF FIGURES FIGURE 1. PROJECT VICINITY MAP ................................................................................................................................. 1 FIGURE 2. PROJECT LOCATION MAP ............................................................................................................................... 5 FIGURE 3. PROJECT MAP WITH APE BOUNDARIES ........................................................................................................ 10 FIGURE 4. PREVIOUS CULTURAL INVESTIGATIONS WITHIN APE, INCLUDING THE CURRENT SURVEY ......................... 13 FIGURE 5. CAHUILLA TERRITORY (HEIZER 1978) ......................................................................................................... 33 FIGURE 6. PROJECT GEOLOGY ...................................................................................................................................... 35 FIGURE 7. PROJECT GEOMORPHOLOGY ........................................................................................................................ 36 FIGURE 8. 1959 HISTORIC USGS TOPOGRAPHIC MAP .................................................................................................. 41 FIGURE 9. PREVIOUS CONSTRUCTION DISTURBANCES ................................................................................................. 43 FIGURE 10. PREVIOUS CONSTRUCTION DISTURBANCES, HISTORIC AERIAL 2006 (GOOGLE EARTH 2015) ................... 44 FIGURE 11. PREVIOUS CONSTRUCTION DISTURBANCES, HISTORIC AERIAL 2009 (GOOGLE EARTH 2015) ................... 45 FIGURE 12. PREVIOUS CONSTRUCTION DISTURBANCES, HISTORIC AERIAL 1996 (GOOGLE EARTH 2015) ................... 46 FIGURE 13. PREVIOUS CONSTRUCTION DISTURBANCES, HISTORIC AERIAL 2002 (GOOGLE EARTH 2015) ................... 47 FIGURE 14. OVERVIEW OF REDDISH CLAY CRUST COVERING APNS 600-030-004 AND 600-030-020, FACING NORTHWEST, ON JULY 7, 2015. ............................................................................................................................ 49 FIGURE 15. TYPICAL AREA WITH EXCELLENT VISIBILITY, FACING SOUTH AT WHITEWATER RIVER, ON DECEMBER 29, 2014 ..................................................................................................................................................................... 50 FIGURE 16. OVERGROWN VEGETATION AT WHITEWATER RIVER, FACING EAST, ON DECEMBER 29, 2014 .................. 50 FIGURE 17. CERAMIC SCATTER IN APN 600-030-018, ON DECEMBER 29, 2014........................................................... 51 FIGURE 18. RIM PROFILE OF BROWNWARE SHERD IN APN 600-030-018, ON DECEMBER 29, 2014 ............................. 52 FIGURE 19. CATALOG NO. 20150623DRM13, TWO BROWNWARE SHERDS, COLLECTED ON JUNE 23, 2015 ............... 54 FIGURE 20. CATALOG NO. 20150623DRM09, FIRE HARDENED CLAY PIECES, COLLECTED ON JUNE 23, 2015 ........... 54 FIGURE 21. CATALOG NO. 20150623DRM09, CLOSE-UP OF FIRE HARDENED CLAY PIECE, COLLECTED ON JUNE 23, 2015 ..................................................................................................................................................................... 55 FIGURE 22. OVERVIEW OF VCP SEWER LINE ACCESS ROAD, FACING NORTHEAST. EVIDENCE OF GRADING SINCE ORIGINAL SURVEY, ON JUNE 23, 2015 ................................................................................................................. 56 FIGURE 23. EVIDENCE OF WATER EROSION SINCE ORIGINAL SURVEY, FACING EAST, ON JUNE 23, 2015 ................... 56 FIGURE 24. SMALL ASPHALT PIECES COVERING THE EASTERN SIDE OF APN 600-030-018, FACING SOUTHEAST, ON JUNE 23, 2015 ...................................................................................................................................................... 57 FIGURE 25. EVIDENCE OF CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION DEBRIS , FACING SOUTHWEST, ON JUNE 23, 2015 .................... 57 FIGURE 26. EVIDENCE OF BERMING, FACING NORTHWEST, ON JUNE 23, 2015 ............................................................. 58 FIGURE 27. CERAMIC SHERDS COLLECTED AT 20150623DRM06, ON JUNE 23, 2015 .................................................. 58 FIGURE 28. MAIN BUILDING ON APN 600-030-019, FACING NORTHEAST, ON JULY 7, 2015 ....................................... 59 FIGURE 29. BACK BUILDING ON APN 600-030-019, FACING NORTHEAST, ON JULY 7, 2015 ....................................... 60 FIGURE 30. DUNE PALMS RD & WESTWARD HO DRIVE, FACING SOUTH SHOWING TYPICAL VISIBILITY OF HARDSCAPED AREAS, ON DECEMBER 29, 2014 .................................................................................................... 60 FIGURE 31. ISOLATED GRANITIC MANO (20141229LAP_1) IN APN 600-030-021, ON DECEMBER 29, 2014............... 61 FIGURE 32. EXAMPLE OF REDDISH CLAY CRUST COVERING PORTIONS OF APN 600-030-021, FACING NORTHEAST, ON JULY 7, 2015 ........................................................................................................................................................ 62 FIGURE 33. OVERVIEW OF BURROWED AREA ON WESTERN EDGE OF APN 600-030-021, FACING SOUTHEAST, ON JULY 7, 2015 ........................................................................................................................................................ 62 FIGURE 34. NORTHWEST CORNER OF DUNE PALMS AND HWY 11, FACING NORTH, ON DECEMBER 29, 2014 .............. 63 FIGURE 35. OVERVIEW OF PLANT/TREE BED. CORPORATE CENTER DRIVE ON LEFT, FACING NORTHWEST, ON JULY 7, 2015 ..................................................................................................................................................................... 64 FIGURE 36. EXAMPLE OF ISLANDS BETWEEN PARKING SPACES WITH IMPORTED ANGULAR PEBBLES, FACING NORTHEAST, ON JULY 7, 2015 .............................................................................................................................. 65 FIGURE APPENDIX C-1. AERIAL SHOWING THE APE AND CONSTRUCTION LIMITS ...................................................... 93 FIGURE APPENDIX C-2. AERIAL SHOWING CONSTRUCTION FILL AND EXCAVATION DEPTHS ...................................... 94 FIGURE APPENDIX C-3. TRENCH SECTION TYPICAL DRP BRIDGE SEWER ................................................................... 95 FIGURE APPENDIX C-4. AERIAL SHOWING THE PREVIOUSLY RECORDED SITES WITHIN THE APE ............................... 96 FIGURE APPENDIX C-5. AERIAL SHOWING TESTING LOCATIONS CONDUCTED BY CRM TECH IN 2008 ....................... 97 FIGURE APPENDIX C-6. LOCATIONS OF GRANITE MANO AND P-33-16950 (CA-RIV-8835) ........................................ 98 FIGURE APPENDIX C-7. AERIAL IMAGE OF THE LOCATION OF ARTIFACTS IDENTIFIED DURING THE CULTURAL RESOURCES SURVEY ............................................................................................................................................ 99 Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR v LIST OF TABLES TABLE 1 ANTICIPATED DEPTHS OF PROPOSED EXCAVATION BY WORK LOCATION ....................................................... 8 TABLE 2. HISTORIC RESOURCES WITHIN A ONE-MILE RADIUS OF THE APE ................................................................ 14 TABLE 3. ADDITIONAL SOURCES CONSULTED .............................................................................................................. 25 TABLE 4. CULTURAL PATTERNS AND PHASES .............................................................................................................. 31 TABLE 6. DEPTH OF MANHOLES CONSTRUCTED FOR THE CVSC .................................................................................. 42 TABLE 7. ARTIFACTS COLLECTED ON JUNE 23, 2015 ................................................................................................... 53 TABLE APPENDIX C-1. CRM TECH ARTIFACT CATALOGUE FROM 2008 EXCAVATIONS ............................................ 100 Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR vi SUMMARY OF FINDINGS The City of La Quinta, in conjunction with the California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), proposes to construct the Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project [Federal Project No. BLRKS – 5433(014)] which involves the replacement of the existing low-water crossing spanning the Coachella Valley Storm Water Channel at Dune Palms Road with an all-weather access bridge, located immediately north of Highway 111 and south of Westward Ho Drive in the City of La Quinta, California. The improvements would provide safe access across the channel during all weather events, provide reliable routes for emergency vehicles, motorist, pedestrians and bicyclists and achieve the City’s General Plan goals for the corridor. The bridge is funded by the federal Highway Bridge Project program. Caltrans District 8, on behalf of Federal Highway Administration (FWHA), is the federal lead agency for this Project. The Project requires compliance with the January 2014 First Amended Programmatic Agreement Among the Federal Highway Administration, the Advisory Council on Historic Preservation, the California State Historic Preservation Officer, and the California Department of Transportation Regarding Compliance with Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act, as it pertains to the Administration of the Federal-Aid Highway Program in California (PA). The cultural resource investigation was conducted within the confines of the approved Area of Potential Effects (APE) for the Project. The cultural resources records search identified two previously documented archaeological sites (P-33-08692/CA-RIV-6190 and P-33-16950/CA-RIV-8835) located within the APE. P-33-08692 (CA-RIV-6190) was recorded as an extensive prehistoric habitation site with five loci of ceramics, burned bone, debitage, burned clay, and fire affected rock in November of 1998 by CRM Tech. P-33-16950 (CA-RIV-8835) was initially recorded as a light prehistoric ceramic scatter with daub and fire affected rock in February of 2008 by CRM Tech. Archaeological subsurface testing and evaluation was conducted by CRM Tech in April 2008 and resulted in the recovery of 712 artifacts consisting of ceramic sherds, marine and freshwater shell, groundstone, charcoal, faunal bone and cremated human remains (Eddy et al. 2008). The testing program identified artifacts at 250 cm in depth but a majority of the artifacts are in the upper 40 cm (1.3 ft) of the site. Based on the testing program CRM Tech concluded that the site as a whole does not appear to qualify as a historical resource. However CRM Tech also stated that since the cremated human remains retain a high degree of Native American traditional cultural value, the portion of the site containing the cremation remains was determined to meet CEQA's definition of a historical resource. The proposed bridge crossing of the Coachella Valley Storm Water Channel (CVC) is located entirely within the APE. Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR vii A search of the sacred lands file was requested by Cogstone staff from the Native American Heritage Commission (NAHC) on October 22, 2014. On November 6, 2014, the Commission responded that the search failed to indicate the presence of Native American cultural resources in the immediate vicinity. The NAHC also requested that 20 Native American tribes or individuals be contacted for further information regarding the general Project vicinity. Letters requesting any information related to cultural resources or heritage sites within or adjacent to the Project were sent on 12 November 2014. If no response was received, follow-up emails or phone calls were made on 1 December 2014 and on 9 December 2014. Prior to beginning the Extended Phase I program, another set of letters to Native Americans was sent. A letter providing updated information about the project was sent by the City of La Quinta on April 18, 2017. No responses provided new information on cultural resources. Agua Caliente Band of Cahuilla Indians and Torres-Martinez Desert Cahuilla Indians both requested monitoring for this project; on 20 June, 2017 Torres-Martinez Desert Cahuilla Indians deferred to Agua Caliente Band of Cahuilla Indians for monitoring. Please see HPSR Attachment E for a full description of Native American consultation efforts. On December 29th, 2014, June 23, 2015, July 7, 2015, and August 6, 2016, Cogstone staff conducted a field survey of the APE to verify the location of each previously identified cultural resource, the condition and integrity of the resource, and the identification and recording of new resources. The survey consisted of walking parallel transects, spaced at no greater than 15-meters within the APE while closely inspecting the ground surface. An isolated granitic mano (20141229LAP_1) was found within parcel 600-030-021 of the APE. Site P-33-16950 (CA- RIV-8835) located in APN 600-030-018 was re-identified and an additional light prehistoric ceramic scatter was documented to the northwest of its previously documented boundaries. T his scatter was determined to be an extension of P-33-16950 (CA-RIV-8835) and its boundaries were extended to include the ceramic scatter. This extension places P-33-16950 (CA-RIV-8835) also within APN 600-010-009. Thus the entirety of the site is within the proposed APE and the possibility of intact subsurface features varies across the site. The geoarchaeological analysis indicates the potential for buried archaeological deposits ranges from low to medium potential in the APE. Areas of low potential are located within the Coachella River bed. The rest of the APE is assigned a medium potential for buried archaeological deposits. Additional research was conducted in order to understand to what extent previous disturbances within APN 600-030-018 may have affected the distribution of cultural materials from P-33-16950 (CA-RIV-8835). Cogstone reviewed the Coachella Valley Stormwater Channel Plan and Profile, the Off-site Improvement Plan for the La Quinta Corporate Centre, aerial photography, and additional information regarding the extent of construction disturbances as a result of the channelization of the Whitewater River and the installation of sewer pipes provided by the City’s design consultant. Research shows that the northern portion of P-33-16950 (CA- RIV-8835) that is within the APE has been disturbed by previous construction activities. New Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR viii and updated DPR forms were drafted for P-33-08692 (CA-R IV-6190) and P-33-16950 (CA- RIV-8835) (Appendix E). It is Caltrans' policy to avoid cultural resources whenever possible. Further investigations may be needed if the site[s] cannot be avoided by the Project. If buried cultural materials are encountered during construction, it is Caltrans' policy that work stop in that area until a qualified archaeologist can evaluate the nature and significance of the find. Additional survey will be required if the Project changes to include areas not previously surveyed. Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 1 INTRODUCTION The purpose of this study is to identify cultural resources which may be affected by construction- related activities for Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project [Federal Project No. BLRKS – 5433(014)] in western Riverside County, California (Figure 1). Specifically, the proposed Project involves the replacement of the existing low-water crossing spanning the Coachella Valley Storm Water Channel (CVSC) at Dune Palms Road with an all- weather access bridge, located immediately north of Highway 111 and south of Westward Ho Drive in the City of La Quinta, California. Cogstone Staff Archaeologists Lindsay Porras, Desiree Martinez, and Lynn Furnis surveyed the Project Area on December 29, 2014, June 23, 2015, and August 6, 2016 respectively. Qualifications can be found in the Project Personnel section and Appendix A. Figure 1. Project Vicinity Map Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 2 PROJECT LOCATION AND DESCRIPTION PROJECT LOCATION The purpose of the Project is to replace the existing low-water crossing spanning the Coachella Valley Storm Water Channel (CVSC) at Dune Palms Road with an all-weather access bridge. The proposed improvements will accomplish the following in the Project area: • Provide safe access across the CVSC (Whitewater River) during all-weather events • Provide reliable route for emergency vehicles, motorists, pedestrians, and bicyclists • Achieve the City’s General Plan goals for the corridor The Project is located immediately north of Highway 111 and south of Westward Ho Drive in the City of La Quinta, western Riverside County, California (Figure 2). Located entirely within the City limits of La Quinta, the Project is depicted on the La Quinta 7.5 minute USGS quadrangle in Sections 20 and 29; Township 5 South, Range 7 East, San Bernardino Baseline and Meridian (Figure 2). PROJECT DESCRIPTION The Project proposes to remove the existing low-water crossing of Dune Palms Road at the CVSC in the City of La Quinta, Riverside County. The crossing will be replaced with a 480 feet long and 86 feet wide four-span bridge. The bridge typical section consists of six-foot sidewalk on both sides of the bridge, two (2) eight-foot outside shoulders also serving as bike/golf cart lanes, a 10 foot raised median, two (2) eleven-foot travel lanes, and two (2) twelve-foot travel lanes (Figure Appendix C-1). The proposed configuration will be consistent with the existing four lane roadway section to the south, and the City’s current improvement project to the north (project number 2009-04), which will widen Dune Palms Road from two to four lanes with a median and left turn lanes. The proposed improvements will include a reconstruction of the north and south bridge approaches to accommodate the significant raised profile of the roadway. In order to match the roadway section on the south side of the bridge, the Project’s construction limits will be extended to 239 feet north of Highway 111. On the north side of the bridge, the construction limits are extended along Dune Palms Road to the north and includes a portion of the vacant lots, Accessor’s Parcel Numbers (APNs) 600-030-004 & 600-030-021), located approximately 850 Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 3 feet north of the storm water channel. The vacant lots are owned by the City and will be offered by the City in the bidding documents to be used for storage and construction staging by the contractor for the construction of this Project. As a part of the bridge construction, concrete slope protection will be installed along the north side of the channel. Additionally, minor removal and replacement of slope protection will be required on the south side of the channel west of the proposed bridge and extension of slope protection approximately 465 feet east (downstream) of the proposed bridge. The slope protection is needed for scour countermeasures. As a result of the proposed cast-in-place drilled shaft bridge construction, scour protection within the bottom of the channel should not be required. The installation of the concrete slope protection will require the existing channel bank to be excavated at a 1.5:1 (horizontal to vertical) slope to the bottom of the channel, then at a 1:1 slope to the bottom of the slope protection. The current dirt channel bank is at an approximate slope of 2:1 to 2.5:1. A portion of archaeological site P-33-16950 is located within the proposed construction activities for the slope protection. Extended Phase I (XPI) testing is proposed to determine the subsurface extent of the site which is currently unknown at this location. As a result of the existing low water crossing acting as a quasi-grade control structure for the CVSC, sediment has been deposited on the upstream side of the channel from Dune Palms Road since the original construction. Additionally, on the downstream side of the Dune Palms Road crossing, the channel has an area of scour. Therefore the elevation differential between the upstream and downstream channel bottom approximately eleven (11) feet. The Project will grade the bottom of the channel 300 feet west and east, up and downstream, respectively, of the crossing to provide a uniform channel bottom slope within the Project Area. The Project will also include the following additional improvements: • Railing Architectural Treatment. The bridge design will incorporate railing architectural treatment as required by the City’s standard design. • Integration of a Regional Bike/Pedestrian/ Neighborhood Electric Vehicles (NEV) Corridor (CV Link). The Coachella Valley Association of Governments (CVAG) and the communities within the Coachella Valley are working together on the implementation of a regional CV Link along Whitewater River and Coachella Valley Storm Water Channel. The Project design will be consistent with these plans by allowing for the integration of a trail under crossing within the southern slope protection, which also includes a trail connector to the pedestrian and bike facilities proposed along Dune Palms Road in the Project Area. • Utility Relocation. The Project will require utility relocations for the Imperial Irrigation District (IID) overhead electrical distribution lines, adjustment to the both water valve can and lids and the manhole covers, minor 12 inch ductile iron pipe Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 4 water main relocations at each bridge abutment, and relocation of both a 12 inch and 18 inch sewer line, under the operations of Coachella Valley Water District (CVWD), at the northern bridge abutment. Both the water main and sewer line relocations would be minor in nature, with the relocation limited to the existing road right and/or channel of way. The relocation of the overhead electrical lines is considered by IID as a minor relocation, due to a parallel underground system along the west side of Dune Palms Road. The Project will coordinate with IID on providing the missing underground link crossing the channel through the placement of conduit on the proposed bridge. The placement of the electrical system on the bridge will mostly likely allow IID to eliminate the overhead distribution facility along the east side of the road. For the water main, the relocation is also considered minor by CVWD standards. The two possible solutions for relocation would be either minor realignment work at the two abutments to eliminate any possible conflicts with abutment construction or relocation of the full length crossing the channel onto the bridge. All utility relocation will be within the current APE. The Project will require right-of-way acquisition from three parcels within the APE, located in the northeast, southwest and southeast corners of the proposed bridge or APNs 600-030-010, 600-390-021 and 600-030-018 respectively. APNs 600-030-010 and 600-030-018 will require both street right of way acquisition as well as a temporary construction easement, and APN 600- 390-021 will require only a temporary construction easement. Note, the Project will not require any additional street right of way nor construction easements from the High School property (APN 600-010-004) located at the northwest corner of the Project. The existing development at the northeast corner of the proposed bridge consists of a Mobile Home Park with one single family home (APN 600-030-010). Some of the mobile homes adjacent to the Dune Palms Road are encroaching within the street right of way. The Project may require the acquisition of the single-family home site and relocation of two mobile homes residents. The Project will be designed to avoid and minimize relocation impacts of the mobile homes. The existing roadway will be modified to construct a temporary bypass road. The temporary bypass will allow for staged construction of the bridge, and maintain vehicle and pedestrian access at all times. Temporary and short term access impact may occur during construction, and will require coordination with property owners, the public, and other stakeholders. Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 5 Figure 2. Project Location Map Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 6 The proposed construction of the all-weather bridge at this location will require the raising of Dune Palms Road on both the northern and southern roadway approaches to accommodate the required flood flows conditions for the CVSC. The centerline of the road will be raised approximately 9.5 feet at the northern approach and approximately 12.9 feet at the southern approach. Minor grading will be required to prepare the existing ground to accept the fill material necessary to accommodate the proposed profile grade. At the south roadway approach along the east side of Dune Palms Road, the proposed fill will create a slope that will generally extend between 32 to 50 feet from the existing eastern edge of Dune Palms Road to the new toe of slope. At this location, the Project will most likely require a temporary construction easement outside of the noted toe of slope to allow for the construction of the slope. The current temporary construction easement is anticipated to be 55 feet from the existing street right of way. Within the area under the proposed fill slope embankment between the existing edge of pavement and the toe of slope, the existing ground will need to be over excavated up to 12 inches and re- compacted prior to initiating any placement of embankment fill (Figures Appendix C-1 to C-3). Along the west side of the roadway approach south of the channel, the abutting land has been fully developed making it likely that a retaining wall will be constructed along the right of way line to accommodate the proposed change in roadway grade. Along this frontage, the existing ground will need to be excavated up to 3 feet to allow for the placement of the wall footing. Note, the current ground is approximately 2 to 3 feet lower than the existing ground in the undeveloped condition. Therefore, the prior noted excavation depth for the proposed retaining wall will be 5 to 6 feet below the undeveloped ground elevation. AREA OF POTENTIAL EFFECTS The Area of Potential Effects (APE) includes both horizontal and vertical limits (Figure 3). The APE totals 48.5 acres. The horizontal limits of the APE north of the CVSC are along the existing street right-of-way, along the west side of Dune Palms Road and include the entire intersection of Westward Ho Drive/Blackhawk Way and Dune Palms Road. The eastern extent of the APE north of the CVSC includes the intersection of Westward Ho Drive/Blackhawk Way and Dune Palms Road and continues east approximately 500 feet to encompass the entireties of city-owned APNs 600-030-020, 600-030-004 and 600-030-021 as well as privately owned APNs 600-030- 019 and 600-030-010. The 35,000 square foot staging area is located within APNs 600-030-021 and 600-030-004. The Dune Palms Mobile Estates mobile home park is located within APN 600- 030-010. South of the Dune Palms Mobile Estates, the APE includes an approximately 750 foot wide section of the CVSC; this includes approximately 450 feet east of Dune Palms Road and approximately 300 feet west of Dune Palms Road. South of the CVSC, the western limit includes all of APN 600-390-021 as well as portions of the La Quinta Corporate Center (APNs 600-390- 023 and 600-390-010). The eastern extent of the APE south of the CVSC includes the entirety of Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 7 APNs 600-030-018. South of the storm water channel, work outside of the existing street right of way will occur on both sides of Dune Palms Road. North of the channel, work outside of the existing street right of way will occur along the east side of Dune Palms Road. The utility relocation is not included in the vertical APE because it does not require any ground disturbing work. The overhead electrical line along the east side of Dune Palms, south of the channel will be abandoned and relocated to the west side through an existing underground conduit system. A large majority of the Project, excluding the bridge section, is within a fill condition where the placement of fill on top of the over excavated existing ground will occur; therefore, the following indicates the anticipated excavation depths per specific Project areas. The typical maximum vertical excavation of the APE outside of the stormwater channel area would be 1 foot in undisturbed areas outside of the existing street right of way section (west of Dune Palms and south of the stormwater channel). During ground disturbing activities in these undisturbed areas it is possible that construction may unintentionally extend to a depth great then 1 foot. As a precaution, a buffer has been added to the vertical APE to encompass any such incidents. The maximum vertical depth of the APE for this portion of the Project is 2 feet. The maximum vertical depth of the APE within the existing roadway street right of way section and within previously disturbed areas (mobile home park) is a maximum of 4 feet. The maximum vertical depth of the APE for the portion of the Project within the channel area is up to 80 feet of excavation for the bridge piers and up to 40 feet of excavation along the channel banks for the installation of the concrete slope protection. The construction of bridge piers would be accomplished by a large diameter (8 foot) auger. Construction activities parallel to the Stormwater channel will not extend any further south than the previously installed sewer main. Therefore, the location of the sewer main would be the southernmost boundary of any proposed construction activities on this Project (Appendix C-2). Table 1 is a summary of the anticipated depths of proposed fill and excavation per work location. Figure Appendix C-3 shows a profile view of the depths for the sewer main excavations parallel to Dune Palms Road and the stormwater channel. Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 8 Table 1 Anticipated Depths of Proposed Excavation by Work Location Location Fill or Excavation Depth Description South Approach Road Fill 0.0 ft - ~12.0 ft Ex. pavement area will be removed and fill material placed to raise roadway profile South Approach, East Slope Excavation & Fill 1.0 ft excavation 0.0 ft - ~12.0 ft fill Area from edge of proposed roadway to the toe of slope will be over excavation 1.0’, re-compacted and between 0 and 12 ft of fill placed over area. South Approach, West Slope Excavation & Fill 3 ft excavation ~2 - 6 ft fill Area from edge of proposed roadway to the right of way line will be in fill with a proposed retaining wall along the right of way. Noted excavation depth for the anticipated foundation and footing for the wall. South Channel Bank Excavation ~40 ft Area parallel to the channel from Dune Palms to the east ~300 ft will excavate up to ~40 ft for the placement of concrete slope protection. Bride Piers Channel Excavation ~80 ft 12 locations within the channel, 8 ft diameter shafts will be excavated / augered to a depth of ~80 ft which will become the foundation of the bridge. The APE map was signed by Steven Holm, Principal Investigator, Historic Archaeology (PQS) and David Lee, District Local Assistance Planner for Caltrans District 8, on November 13, 2017. PROJECT PERSONNEL All personnel meet the Secretary of the Interior’s Standards for Archaeology and Historic Preservation (36 CFR Part 61). Qualifications of Cogstone personnel are provided in Appendix A. Sherri Gust was the Project Manager and Principal Investigator and managed all work, prepared the Prehistoric Setting and Ethnography sections and reviewed the report. Ms. Gust has a B.S. in Anthropology from the University of California at Davis and an M.S. in Anatomy from the University of Southern California and more than 35 years of experience and is a Registered Professional Archaeologist (RPA). Desireé Martinez was the Assistant Project Manager and replaced Gust as the Principal Investigator in 2015. She conducted the supplemental survey, conducted tribal consultation, Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 9 wrote portions of the report and reviewed the report. Ms. Martinez has a Master of Arts in Anthropology from Harvard University and is a qualified archaeologist with 21 years of experience in southern California. Molly Valasik prepared portions of this report. Ms. Valasik holds an M.A. in Anthropology from Kent State University in Kent, Ohio and she has more than seven years’ experience in southern California archaeology. She is also a RPA. Andre Simmons prepared all the maps and prepared sections of this report. Mr. Simmons holds an M.A. in Anthropology from California State University, Fullerton, and has over six years of experience in California archaeology. He is also a RPA. Lindsey Porras conducted the initial survey. Ms. Porras is a qualified archaeologist with extensive field and laboratory experience including large scale surveys, monitoring, excavations, and artifact recovery and lab analysis. She has a Bachelor of Arts in Anthropology from the University of Nevada, Reno, with a minor in Cultural Anthropology. Porras has six years of experience in California archaeology. Lynn Furnis conducted an additional supplemental survey. Ms. Furnis is a historic archaeologist and holds an M.A. in Anthropology from the University of Nevada, Reno and has over 15 years of experience in California archaeology. She is also a RPA. Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 10 Figure 3. Project Map with APE boundaries Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 11 SOURCES CONSULTED CALIFORNIA HISTORICAL RESOURCES INFORMATION SYSTEM On October 29, 2014, Cogstone staff archaeologist Lindsay Porras conducted a search for archaeological and historical records at the Eastern Information Center (EIC) of the California Historical Resources Information System (CHRIS). The record search covered a one-mile radius around the APE boundaries. The records search indicated that 143 cultural resources investigations have been completed previously within a 1-mile radius of the APE (Appendix B). Of these, 12 studies included portions of the APE (Figure 4). The results of these studies indicate that 120 cultural resources have been identified and documented previously within a 1-mile radius of the APE (Table 2). There are two known archaeological site within the APE (P-33-08692 /CA-RIV -6190 and P-33-16950/CA-RIV -8835) (Figure Appendix C-4). P-33-08692 (CA-RIV-6190) is located at the northwestern corner of the Highway 111 and Dune Palms Road intersection and within the southwest portion of the APE mapped within APNs 600- 390-010, 600-390-007, and 600-390-023. It was recorded as an extensive prehistoric habitation site with five loci of ceramics, burned faunal bone, debitage, burned clay, and fire affected rock in November 1998 by CRM Tech. No human remains were positively identified at the site; however, 23 fragments were identified as possibly human due to their consistency with human cremations in the region. A jasper Cottonwood Triangular projectile point and Salton Buffware ceramic sherds were also recovered from this site. The Cottonwood Triangular projectile point and sherds indicate that this site was a late prehistoric Cahuilla habitation site less than 1000 years old (Love et al. 1998). CRM Tech performed testing at the site in conjunction with monitoring during construction of the Hotel 111 and La Quinta Corporate Centre. The site was not evaluated for inclusion on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) or the California Register of Historical Resources (CRHR) at the time of testing. Based on the testing and monitoring results, Love (2000) stated that the research potential of the site was exhausted and recommended that the site not be considered a historical resource. It is assumed that the site has been destroyed been destroyed b y the grading and construction activities of Hotel 111 and the La Quinta Corporate Centre and the USA Gasoline station. P-33-16950 (CA-RIV-8835) is located in the southeastern portion of the APE and was mapped entirely within parcel 600-030-018. The site was initially recorded as a light prehistoric ceramic scatter with daub and fire affected rock in February 2008 by CRM Tech. CRM Tech conducted archaeological subsurface testing and evaluation of the site in April of 2008 (Eddy et al. 2008). Testing included the hand excavation of 8 test units (TUs) measuring 1 meter (m) by 1 m or 1 m Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 12 by 2 m, twenty-three 50 centimeter (cm) by 50 cm shovel test pits (STPs), as well as two backhoe excavated trenches measuring 10 m by 2 m and three 2 m by 1 m backhoe excavated pits (Figure Appendix C-5). The TUs were excavated to 100 cm below ground surface (cmbs), STP depth ranged from 50 cmbs to 100 cmbs, while the backhoe trenches and pits were excavated to 150 cmbs to 250 cmbs. Seven hundred and fourteen artifacts (e.g. prehistoric ceramic sherds, daub/fire affected clay (FAC), groundstone fragments, and rocks) were recovered during surface collection prior to testing. Seven hundred and twelve artifacts consisting of ceramic sherds, marine and freshwater shell, groundstone, charcoal, faunal bone and human remains were recovered from the TUs. Additionally, twenty-seven 1m by 1 m recovery units (RUs) were hand excavated around the location of the human remains resulting an additional 1,125 artifacts and ecofacts. The depth of the RUs ranged from 20 cmbs to 40 cmbs. The report did not report which artifacts were identified at what depth. Based on the testing program CRM Tech concluded that the site in general had “very limited ability to provide important new information for the study of prehistory in the Whitewater River Delta/ Dune Complex and surrounding region, [and] in light of the low quantity of formal artifacts it yielded… the site as a whole does not appear to qualify as a ‘historical resource’." However CRM Tech also stated that since the cremated human remains retain a high degree of Native American traditional cultural value, the portion of the site containing the cremation remains was determined to meet CEQA's definition of a historical resource. Although the testing program at P-33-16950 (CA-RIV-8835) identified artifacts at 250 cm in depth, the type and quantity of artifacts were not listed in the report. Cogstone obtained a copy of the original catalog from Michael Hogan of CRM Tech. The catalog shows that a majority of the artifacts are in the upper 40 cm (1.3 ft) of the site (Table Appendix C-1). Sixteen items were found between 100 cm and 250 cm in depth. These items included 6 pieces of FAC, 1 piece of unburned sandy clay, 5+ pieces of unburned clay, 1 faunal bone fragment, and 3 pieces of charcoal. Of the other 118 cultural resources within 1-mile of the APE, 11 have been evaluated for inclusion on the NRHP and CRHR; however, none of them are currently listed on either register. Five prehistoric and three historic archaeological sites are located within ¼-mile of the APE. One historic built resource, six historic archaeological sites, and 26 prehistoric archaeological sites are located between ¼-mile and ½-mile from the APE. Finally, two historic built resources, four historic archaeological sites, and 71 prehistoric archaeological sites are located between ½-mile and 1 mile from the APE (Table 2). Within the 1 mile record search radius, a total of ten archaeological sites include cremated human remains. These include P-33-150 (CA-RIV-150), P- 33-1177 (CA-RIV-1177), P-33-1178 (CA-RIV-1178), P-33-3659 (CA-RIV-3659), P-33-4754 Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 13 Figure 4. Previous Cultural Investigations within APE, Including the Current Survey Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 14 (CA-RIV-4754), P-33-6862 (CA-RIV-5764), P-33-9517 (CA-RIV-6392), P-33-9728 (CA-RIV- 6484), P-33-10798, and P-33-16950 (CA-RIV-8835). Table 2. Historic Resources within a One-Mile Radius of the APE Primary No. (P-33-) Trinomial (CA- RIV-) Type Description NRHP/ CRHR Status Distance from APE (miles) 150 150H Prehistoric Prehistoric habitation site with human cremations 1 208 208 Prehistoric Prehistoric Tizon pottery sherds 1 1177 1177 Prehistoric Prehistoric habitation site The site has since been destroyed by property development. 1 1178 1178 Prehistoric Prehistoric habitation site with human cremations. 1 1770 1770 Prehistoric Prehistoric pottery sherd. The site could not be relocated during a re-visit on July 25, 2013. 0.5 1972 1972 Prehistoric Prehistoric habitation site. 1 2195 2195 Prehistoric Prehistoric temporary camp with pot sherds and shell. 1 2196 2196 Prehistoric Prehistoric habitation site. 1 2200 2200 Prehistoric Prehistoric habitation site. 0.5 2936 2936 Prehistoric Prehistoric temporary camp. 0.5 3659 3659/H Multi- Component Prehistoric habitation site with human cremations. A historic component also present within the site. 1 3667 3667 Prehistoric Prehistoric temporary camp with Tizon Brown Ware 1 3668 3668 Prehistoric Prehistoric pottery sherd scatter. 1 3679 3679/H Multi- Component Prehistoric temporary camp consisting of pottery sherds, debitage, a projectile point, burned daub, groundstone, fire- affected rock, and burned faunal remains. Historic trash dump consists of numerous jars, medicine, and beverage bottles, and non-descript rusting metal. 1 3680 3680 Prehistoric Prehistoric pottery scatter and decomposed fire-affected rock. 0.5 3681 3681 Prehistoric Prehistoric temporary camp consisting of pottery sherds, fire-affected rock, and fire-affected clay daub. 0.5 Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 15 Primary No. (P-33-) Trinomial (CA- RIV-) Type Description NRHP/ CRHR Status Distance from APE (miles) 3682 3682 Prehistoric Prehistoric habitation site consisting of pottery sherds, fire-affected clay daub, faunal remains, debitage and fire- affected rock. 0.5 3683 3683 Prehistoric Prehistoric temporary camp consisting of fire-affected rock, pottery sherds including Topco Buff Ware and Tizon Brown Ware, a yellow-jasper Desert Side Notch projectile point fragment, debitage, groundstone fragments, a core, and faunal bone. 1 3795 3795 Prehistoric Prehistoric temporary camp with brownware rim sherds and one quartzite flake. 1 3866 3866 Prehistoric Prehistoric temporary camp consisting of scattered and concentrated fine-bone and shell midden, charcoal, burned clay daub, fire-affected rock, a white quartz biface, and sparse pot sherds. 1 4745 4745 Prehistoric Prehistoric temporary camp consisting of brownware sherds and burned granite. Designated as ineligible for listing through survey evaluation. 6Z 0.5 4746 4746 Prehistoric Prehistoric habitation site consisting of three rock clusters, one heavily burnt olivella barrel bead, pieces of brownware pottery sherds, debitage, shell, bone, carbon, and clay. 0.5 4747 4747 Historic Historic building remnants consisting of three concrete foundation, bricks, and trash. 1 4748 4748/H Historic Historic structures consisting of two concrete water valve towers, piping, and an old barbed-wire fence. Designated as ineligible for listing though survey evaluation. 6Z 0.25 4749 4749/H Historic Historic structural remnant consisting of a concrete-slab house foundation, walkway, driveway, retaining wall, concrete water valve tower, concrete slab shack foundation, old piping, barbed wire fence, and depression-era trash. Designated as ineligible for listing though survey evaluation. 6Z 0.25 Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 16 Primary No. (P-33-) Trinomial (CA- RIV-) Type Description NRHP/ CRHR Status Distance from APE (miles) 4750 4750/H Multi- Component Historic trash scatter consisting of two piles of historic cans. Prehistoric component consists of a few pieces of plain brownware sherds. Designated as ineligible for listing though survey evaluation. 6Z 0.25 4752 4752 Prehistoric Prehistoric temporary camp consisting of a light scatter of shell, small mammal bone, and a few plain brownware pottery sherds. Designated as ineligible for listing though survey evaluation. 6Z 0.5 4753 4753 Prehistoric Prehistoric temporary camp consisting of a small amount of charcoal, one small mammal bone fragment, one freshwater snail fragment, and three small brownware sherds. 1 4754 4754 Prehistoric Prehistoric habitation site consisting of six features, groundstone, groundstone fragments, one Cottonwood Triangular projectile point, one brown chert flake, one milky chalcedony flake, burned and unburned granite and basalt, brownware pottery sherds, including one cooking pot and a possible olla, as well as freshwater shell, faunal bone, and one human skull fragment. 1 4755 4755/H Historic Historic dirt road that appears on the USGS 1941 15' map. Designated as ineligible for listing though survey evaluation. 6Z 0.5 4756 4756/H Historic Historic concrete water-valve tower, old piping, and an old fence running approximately 1/4 mile N/S along Adams Street. This fence was apparently also connected to another fence running eastward at the north, south some 150 meters, and west again toward the southern end of the old fence to form a large fenced enclosure. Designated as ineligible for listing though survey evaluation. 6Z 1 Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 17 Primary No. (P-33-) Trinomial (CA- RIV-) Type Description NRHP/ CRHR Status Distance from APE (miles) 4757 4757/H Historic Historic concrete slab foundation, walkway, driveway, concrete water- valve tower, old piping, standing shack, and depression-era trash. 0.5 5233 5233 Prehistoric Prehistoric lakeshore habitation site containing a very high density of ceramic and lithic artifact scatter. Also, thousands of small and medium sized mammal and fish bones fragments. Appears eligible for listing on the national register through survey evaluation. 3S 1 5351 5351 Prehistoric Prehistoric site consisting of ceramic sherd scatter. 1 6862 5764 Prehistoric Prehistoric cremation remains, burned clay fragments, 1 gray wonder stone bifacial tip, projectile points, faunal remains. 1 6863 5765 Prehistoric Prehistoric fire-affected rock, burned and unburned mammal bone, pottery sherds, ceramic production by-products, flake stone debitage of quartz and wonder stone 1 6864 5766 Prehistoric Prehistoric surface assemblage 1 6865 5767 Prehistoric Prehistoric burned and unburned bone and fire-affected rock. 1 6866 5773 Prehistoric Prehistoric burned and unburned pottery sherds, burned and unburned small and medium fish and mammal bone, ground stone, charcoal, shell, fire- affected rock, possible remnants of ceramic production (burned and unshaped clay fragments). 1 6867 5769 Prehistoric Prehistoric pottery sherds, burned and unburned small mammal bone, charcoal. 1 6868 5770 Prehistoric Prehistoric pottery sherds, ground stone fragments, shell, bone and fire-affected rock. 1 6869 5771 Prehistoric Prehistoric site consisting of pottery sherds, groundstone fragments, shell, fish, and small mammal bone, flaked quartz stone, charcoal, and fire-affected rock. 1 Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 18 Primary No. (P-33-) Trinomial (CA- RIV-) Type Description NRHP/ CRHR Status Distance from APE (miles) 6870 5772 Historic Historic trash debris; solder-drop cans. 1 6871 Prehistoric Prehistoric isolate consisting of pottery sherds. 1 6878 5774 Prehistoric Prehistoric site consisting of burned and unburned pottery sherds, burned and unburned small mammal and fish bone, ground stone, charcoal, shell, fire- affected rock, and possible remnants of ceramic production (burned unshaped clay fragments). 1 7417 Prehistoric Prehistoric Jasper concave-based Cottonwood series projectile point. 0.5 7808 7808 Multi- Component Prehistoric shell and bone fragment scatter with an isolate brownware fragment. Historic trash scatter consisting of metal car parts and cans 0.5 7834 Prehistoric Prehistoric isolated mano fragment. 1 7835 5828 Prehistoric Prehistoric pottery sherds, fire-affected rock, semi-burned clay, shell, burned small animal bone 0.5 7839 5832 Prehistoric Prehistoric imported granite (some burned), burned animal bone, andesitic debitage and mano fragment. 0.25 7853 5840 Prehistoric Prehistoric pottery sherds, fire-affected rock, fragment of a stone pestle, lithic debitage, and possible remnants of a burnt clay structure floor. 0.5 7854 5841 Prehistoric Prehistoric pottery sherds, fire-affected rock, semi-burned unshaped clay rocks. 0.5 7855 5842 Prehistoric Prehistoric hearth, pottery sherds, mano stone, charcoal, lithic waste, and fire- affected rocks. 0.5 7856 5843 Prehistoric Prehistoric pottery sherd scatter. 0.5 7857 5844 Prehistoric Prehistoric pottery sherd scatter. 0.5 7858 7858 Prehistoric Prehistoric brownware pottery sherds with fine sand temper, one burned edge, and possible fingernail punctuates, and fire cloud. 1 7895 Historic Historic isolated manganese-adds (amethyst purple) glass fragment; rim portion of tumbler 1 7897 Prehistoric Prehistoric isolated buffware sherd. 1 Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 19 Primary No. (P-33-) Trinomial (CA- RIV-) Type Description NRHP/ CRHR Status Distance from APE (miles) 8154 6059 Prehistoric Prehistoric site consisting of ceramic scatter, hearths, burned bone, freshwater mussel shell, abalone, biface fragment, and baked or fired clay fragments. 1 8155 6060 Prehistoric Prehistoric hearth consisting of fir- affected rocks, charcoal flecks, and unshaped clay fragments. 1 8156 6064 Historic Historic ceramics (plain, ironstone, transfer ware, milk glass, etc.), 1 large metal frame, and a white painted metal basin. 0.5 8157 6063/H Historic Historic trash dump containing tin cans, glass fragments, milk glass (tea cup fragment), plain ironstone, transfer ware, enamel ware, re-fused clear glass, heavily oxidized metal. 0.5 8158 8158 Historic Historic isolate consisting of oxidized metal frame 0.5 8231 6075 Multi- Component Prehistoric temporary camp consisting of brownware and buffware pottery scatter, debitage, 1 point fragment (Cottonwood Triangular), 11 small bone fragments, burned clay fragments, glass, metal, plastic fragments, and charcoal (probably modern). 0.5 8288 6092 Prehistoric Prehistoric brownware and buffware sherds, burned clay fragments, unidentified bone fragment, 1 ground stone fragment, and thermally affected rock fragments. 1 8416 6135 Prehistoric Prehistoric pottery sherds, chipped stone flakes, fire-affected rock, and lightly scattered clay pieces. 1 8422 6141 Prehistoric Prehistoric scatter of partially fired clay and a half dozen pieces of fire-affected rock with 1 mano fragment and 1 pottery sherd. 1 8426 6145 Prehistoric Prehistoric site consisting of ceramic sherds and a dozen pieces of fire- affected rocks. 1 Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 20 Primary No. (P-33-) Trinomial (CA- RIV-) Type Description NRHP/ CRHR Status Distance from APE (miles) 8692 6190 Prehistoric Prehistoric site consisting of large loci and small loci. Large loci consist of ceramics, burned bone, lithic debitage, burned clay, and fire-affected rock. The site record indicates that this site has not been evaluated for listing on either the National or the California registers. 7 within 8727 6216 Prehistoric Prehistoric site consisting of ceramics, burnt clay, and charcoal. 1 8728 6217 Prehistoric Prehistoric site consisting of ceramics, burnt clay, charcoal, and FAR. Small concentrations of brownware and buffware pottery sherds were found at the site. 1 8729 6218 Prehistoric Prehistoric ceramics, fire-cracked rock, and burnt clay. 1 8730 6219 Prehistoric Prehistoric ceramics, shellfish, FAR, burnt clay, mano, and scraper core. 0.5 8731 6220 Prehistoric Prehistoric ceramics, shell, fish and mammal bone, and charcoal. 1 8732 6221 Prehistoric Prehistoric ceramics, shellfish, burnt clay, and charcoal. 1 8733 6222 Prehistoric Prehistoric ceramics, burnt clay, and charcoal. 1 8734 6223 Prehistoric Prehistoric ceramics, shellfish, burnt clay, and charcoal. 1 8735 6224 Prehistoric Prehistoric ceramics, lithics, burnt clay, and charcoal. 1 8736 6225 Prehistoric Prehistoric ceramics, shellfish, mammal and fishbone, burnt clay, fire-cracked rock, and pieces of groundstone. 1 8737 6226 Prehistoric Prehistoric brownware and buffware pottery, charcoal, and shellfish fragments. 1 8738 6227 Prehistoric Prehistoric ceramic scatter, brownware found on surface, and 2 shell fragments. 1 8739 6228 Prehistoric Prehistoric ceramic scatter, concentrations of brownware and buffware pottery sherds, shellfish, burnt clay, and charcoal fragments. 1 8740 6229 Prehistoric Prehistoric lithic and ceramic scatter, concentrations of brownware and buffware pottery sherds, burnt clay, charcoal, and ground stone fragments. 1 Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 21 Primary No. (P-33-) Trinomial (CA- RIV-) Type Description NRHP/ CRHR Status Distance from APE (miles) 8741 6230 Prehistoric Prehistoric light lithic scatter, ceramic scatter with concentration of brownware and buffware, shellfish, burnt clay, and animal bone. 1 8742 6231 Prehistoric Prehistoric habitation site consisting of ceramics, shellfish, fire-cracked rock, burnt clay, and associated pieces of charcoal. 0.5 8842 6276 Prehistoric Prehistoric pottery sherd scatter containing six potsherds. 1 8844 Prehistoric Prehistoric isolate consisting of one brownware sherd 1 8846 Prehistoric Prehistoric isolate consisting of one brownware sherd 1 9461 6376 Prehistoric Prehistoric habitation site consisting of pottery sherds that are predominantly brownware, chipped stone artifacts, groundstone artifacts (mano fragments, metate fragments), pieces of bone, pieces of baked clay, freshwater shell fragments, and small quantities of fire- cracked rock and charcoal. 1 9514 6389 Prehistoric Prehistoric temporary camp consisting of a sparse scatter of four bone fragments and four ceramic sherds. 1 9517 6392 Prehistoric Prehistoric human cremation with associated ceramic sherds. 1 9643 6441/H Multi- Component Multi-component site consisting of charcoal, ceramic sherds, pieces of clay, one basalt flake, one piece of bone, freshwater shell fragments, groundstone, fire-affected rock, glass shards, and pieces of metal. 0.5 9644 6442/H Multi- Component Multi-component site consisting of two features (a cluster of granitic rocks and a patch of burned soil containing fire- affected rocks), pottery sherds, clay, lithic flakes, pieces of bone, two fragments of burnt Anodonta shell, two rocks, and two glass shards. 0.5 Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 22 Primary No. (P-33-) Trinomial (CA- RIV-) Type Description NRHP/ CRHR Status Distance from APE (miles) 9645 6443 Prehistoric Prehistoric temporary camp consisting of charcoal, pottery sherds, pieces of clay, lithic flakes, bone fragments, one freshwater shell fragment, and one fire- affected rock fragment 0.25 9646 6444 Prehistoric Prehistoric temporary camp consisting of charcoal and ten pottery sherds 0.25 9647 6445 Prehistoric Prehistoric habitation site consisting of ceramic sherds, groundstone fragments, charcoal, and pieces of fire-affected rock. 1 9727 6483 Prehistoric Prehistoric temporary camp consisting of fire-affected rock, ceramics, and groundstone. 1 9728 6484 Prehistoric Prehistoric habitation site consisting of ceramics, bone, human cremation, lithics, groundstone, shell beads, fire- affected rocks. 1 10797 Prehistoric Prehistoric isolate consisting of four large undiagnostic brownware sherds from the same pot. 0.5 10798 Prehistoric Prehistoric isolate consisting of a human cremation containing 40 burned bone fragments. 0.5 10814 Prehistoric Prehistoric isolate consisting of one buffware potsherd. 0.5 12299 7022 Prehistoric Prehistoric scatter of pottery sherds, fire-affected rocks, and bones. 1 12346 Prehistoric Prehistoric isolate consisting of one pottery sherd. 1 12347 Prehistoric Prehistoric isolate consisting of two pieces of gold/brown jasper material with percussion scarring. 1 12348 Prehistoric Prehistoric isolate consisting of one eroded pottery sherd associated with fire-affected granitic rock. 1 12349 Prehistoric Prehistoric isolate consisting of one pottery sherd. 1 12350 Prehistoric Prehistoric isolate consisting of one piece of fire-affected rock with a small amount of charcoal. 1 12351 Prehistoric Prehistoric isolate consisting of one piece of Tizon brownware pottery. 1 Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 23 Primary No. (P-33-) Trinomial (CA- RIV-) Type Description NRHP/ CRHR Status Distance from APE (miles) 12352 Prehistoric Prehistoric Isolate consisting of one grinding stone fragment. 1 16950 8835 Prehistoric Prehistoric habitation site with surface and sub-surface artifacts. Artifacts and ecofacts were collected including ceramic sherds, daub/fire-affected clay, groundstone fragments, lithics, freshwater shell, charcoal, rock, and faunal bone. Cremated human remains were also found in one of the test units. The site record indicates that because of the presence of cremated human remains, the site is designated as appearing to be eligible for listing on the California Register. 3CS within 16968 Historic Historic isolate consisting of a Mission beverages soda bottle featuring an applied color label, manufactured by the Owens-Illinois Glass Company in 1950 at their Los Angeles, California plant. 0.5 16969 Historic Historic isolate consisting of a small, clear pharmaceutical glass bottle with a mineral-style finish that accepted a cork. The Owens suction scar on the base, coupled with the finish style, suggest a manufacture date between 1905 and the 1920's. 0.25 16971 Historic Historic isolate consisting of a clear glass bottle with pump mechanism. The irregular base seam and uneven base suggest a historic date. 0.5 16972 Prehistoric Prehistoric isolate consisting of one secondary quartz flake. 0.5 16973 Historic Historic isolate consisting of a small plain bottle, likely a food seasoning, or spice bottle that has a continuous threaded finish to accept a screw cap. Suction scar on the base indicates its manufacture on an Owens automatic bottle machine around the 1920's. 1 Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 24 Primary No. (P-33-) Trinomial (CA- RIV-) Type Description NRHP/ CRHR Status Distance from APE (miles) 17105 Prehistoric Prehistoric temporary camp consisting of a small pit feature with clearly defined charcoal stain, fire-affected earth, bits of charcoal, two Tizon brownware potsherds, and fragments of burned and unburned Anodonta shells and small mammal bones. 6Z 0.25 23892 Prehistoric Prehistoric isolate consisting of one milky white chert secondary ridge flake. 1 23893 Prehistoric Prehistoric isolate consisting of a tested obsidian cobble. 1 Historic 46370 Cameo Palms Dr. built in 1920. Status code indicates it needs to be reevaluated. HRI# 060598 7N 1 Historic 46135 Washington St. built in 1930 known as Pt. Happy Ranch. Designated as an individual property eligible for local listing. HRI# 060596/060597 5S2 1 OTHER SOURCES A variety of additional historical sources and listings were consulted by Simmons in November 2014 to obtain information regarding the APE (Table 3). Sources include the NRHP, the CRHR, California Historical Resources Inventory (CHRI), California Historical Landmarks (CHL) and California Points of Historical Interest (CPHI). The City of La Quinta also maintains a Historic Resources Inventory Database (HRID). There are currently no resources listed on the La Quinta HRID within 1-mile of the APE. Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 25 Table 3. Additional Sources Consulted Source Results National Register of Historic Places (NRHP; 1979-2002 & supplements) Negative Historic United States Geological Survey Topographic Maps Negative Historic United States Department of Agriculture Aerial Photographs Positive: Three available for the APE; 1996 shows no development; 2002 shows USA Gasoline Station; 2005 shows USA Gasoline Station and La Quinta Corporate Centre California Register of Historical Resources (CRHR; 1992-2010) Negative California Historical Resources Inventory (CHRI; 1976-2010) Positive California Historical Landmarks (CHL; 1995 & supplements to 2010) Negative California Points of Historical Interest (CPHI; 1992 to 2010) Negative California Department of Transportation Historic Bridge Inventory (Caltrans 2014) Negative Local Historical Register Listings Negative Bureau of Land Management General Land Office Records Positive: Southern Pacific Railroad 1866; State of California 1927 NATIVE AMERICAN CONSULTATION Letters requesting any information related to cultural resources or heritage sites within or adjacent to the Project were sent on 12 November 2014. If no response was received, follow-up emails or phone calls were made on 1 December 2014 and on 9 December 2014. Agua Caliente Band of Mission Indians –On December 11, 2014, Patricia Garcia on behalf of the Agua Caliente Band of Mission Indians indicated that the project area is not located within the boundaries of Tribe's Reservation. However, it is within the Tribe's Traditional Use area (TUA). Ms. Garcia requested the presence of an approved Native American Cultural Resource Monitor during any ground disturbing activities (including archaeological testing and surveys). If buried cultural deposits are encountered, the monitor may request that destructive construction halt and that the monitor shall notify a qualified archaeologist (Secretary of the Interior Standards and Guidelines) to investigate and, if necessary, prepare a mitigation plan for submission to the State Historic Preservation Officer and the Agua Caliente Tribal Historic Preservation office. Ms. Garcia also requested the presence of an archaeologist that meets the Secretary of the Interior Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 26 standards during any ground disturbing activities and indicated that the Tribe is particularly concerned with site P-33-08692 (CA-RIV-6190) because it was recorded within the Project Area. A Native American monitor approved by the Agua Caliente Band of Cahuilla Indians monitored the Extended Phase I program and will monitor ground-disturbing activities during construction. Augustine Band of Cahuilla Mission Indians—On November 25, 2014 Mary Ann Green, Chairperson of the Augustine Band of Cahuilla Mission Indians indicated that she is unaware of specific cultural resources that may be affected by the proposed Dune Palms project. However, she recommended that a Native American monitor be present during all pre-construction and construction phases of the project. She also asked to be notified if any cultural resources are discovered. A Native American monitor approved by the Agua Caliente Band of Cahuilla Indians monitored the Extended Phase I program and will monitor ground-disturbing activities during construction. Morongo Band of Mission Indians—On December 2, 2014, Denisa Torres, on behalf of the Morongo Band of Mission Indians, indicated that the Dune Palms Project is located outside of the Morongo reservation boundaries but within an area that may be considered a traditional use area or one in which the Tribe has cultural ties (e.g. Cahuilla/Serrano territory). Ms. Torres requested that if human remains are encountered during grading and other construction excavation, work in the immediate vicinity shall cease and the County Coroner shall be contacted pursuant to State Health and Safety Code §7050.5; and, in the event that Native American cultural resources are discovered during project development/construction, all work in the immediate vicinity of the find shall cease and a qualified archaeologist meeting Secretary of Interior standards shall be hired to assess the find. Work on the overall project may continue during this assessment period. If significant Native American cultural resources are discovered, for which a Treatment Plan must be prepared, the developer or his archaeologist shall contact the Morongo Band of Mission Indians. Additionally, if requested by the Tribe, the developer or the project archaeologist shall, in good faith, consult on the discovery and its disposition (e.g. avoidance, preservation, return of artifacts to tribe, etc.). Los Coyotes Band of Mission Indians, Shane Chapparosa, Chairman—On 12/9/2014, Cogstone was informed that John Perada is responsible for Native American consultation. An email and a voicemail were sent to updated contact information. No response to the inquiry was received from Mr. Perada to date. Ramona Band of Mission Indians, Joseph Hamilton, Chairman—On 12/9/2014 Cogstone was informed that Mr. John Gomez is responsible for Native American Consultation. He requested a digital copy of the letter be sent to his new email. No response to date has been received. Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 27 Torres-Martinez Desert Cahuilla Indians, Mary Resvaloso, Chairperson—On 12/9/2014 Mr. Ferrar on behalf of the Torres Martinez Desert Cahuilla Indians indicated that he was the contact person for the Tribe. He stated that he received the consultation letter and asked for associated cultural and environmental reports related to the project area. Appropriate documents were sent and no further response was received. The Tribe was contacted subsequently regarding monitoring (see below). Santa Rosa Band of Mission Indians, John Marcus, Chairman—On December 1st, 2014, the tribal administrator for the Santa Rosa Band of Mission Indians informed Cogstone that the City of La Quinta is in the jurisdiction of the Cabazon Tribes and to please defer to them for consultation. Cahuilla Band of Indians, Luther Salgado. Mr. Salgado provided updated information and received a digital copy of the consultation letter. No response to date has been received. Cabazon Band of Mission Indians, Judy Stapp, Director of Cultural Affairs. On November 19th, 2014, Ms. Judy Stapp on behalf of the Cabazon Mission Indians indicated that the Dune Palms Project is located outside of the Tribe's current reservation boundaries. The Tribe has no specific archival information on the site indicating that it may be a sacred/religious site or other site of Native American cultural value. Ramona Band of Mission Indians, Manuel Hamilton, Vice Chairperson. No response to date has been received. Prior to beginning the Extended Phase I program, another set of letters to Native Americans was sent. A letter providing updated information about the project was sent by the City of La Quinta to the following Native American contacts on April 18, 2017: Luther Salgado, Chairman, Cahuilla Band of Indians Ernest Siva, Tribal Elder, Morongo Band of Mission Indians Karen Kupcha, Augustine Band of Cahuilla Mission Indians Patricia Garcia-Plotkin, THPO, Agua Caliente Band of Cahuilla Indians Michael Mirelez, Cultural Resources Coordinator, Torres-Martinez Desert Cahuilla Indians William Vance, Tribal Vice Chairman of the Augustine Band of Cahuilla Mission Indians replied that the Band is unaware of specific cultural resources that may be affected by the proposed project. They recommended that a qualified Native American monitor be present during construction and they wish to be notified if any cultural resources are discovered. A Native American monitor approved by the Agua Caliente Band of Cahuilla Indians monitored the Extended Phase I program and will monitor ground-disturbing activities during construction. Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 28 The Agua Caliente Band of Mission Indians and the Torres-Martinez Desert Cahuilla Indians were asked if they wished to provide Native American monitors for the project. ECORP contacted Patricia Garcia-Plotkin, the Director of the Tribal Historic Preservation Office for the Agua Caliente Band of Mission Indians and Michael Mirelez, the Cultural Resources Coordinator, for the Torres-Martinez Desert Cahuilla Indians via telephone calls on May 31, 2017. Both Tribes initially expressed interest in providing monitors for the Project. Agua Caliente agreed to supply a Native American monitor on June 25, 2017. Mr. Mirelez of Torres- Martinez stated that the Tribe could not find a qualified monitor. Mr. Mirelez deferred to the Agua Caliente for Native American monitoring for the study. Native American monitors were supplied by the Agua Caliente Band for the entirety of the Extended Phase I fieldwork. Native American monitors were supplied by the Agua Caliente Band for the entirety of the Extended Phase I fieldwork and Native American monitors approved by the Agua Caliente Band of Cahuilla Indians will monitor ground-disturbing activities during construction. No responses have been received to date from Luther Salgado, Chairman, Cahuilla Band of Indians and Ernest Siva, Tribal Elder, Morongo Band of Mission Indians. Documentation of Native American consultation is in HPSR Attachment E. BACKGROUND The environmental setting section, below, provides information on the environmental factors that affect cultural resources, while the prehistoric and historical settings provide information on the land use history of the general Project region. ENVIRONMENT Located in the Coachella Valley, La Quinta enjoys a subtropical desert climate. The San Jacinto and Santa Rosa Mountains flank the City on the west with the San Bernardino and Little San Bernardino Mountains bordering it on the north and east, respectively. Mean annual rainfall is very low from the desert floor into the foothills, ranging from 3 to 6 inches per year and averaging about 5 to 6 inches along the Little San Bernardino foothills (Coachella Valley Water District n.d.). Most of the rainfall occurs during the cooler months of November through March, but occasional high-intensity thunderstorms and tropical monsoonal storms occur in late summer and early fall. Although the ground may be generally dry at the beginning of a storm, sufficient amounts and intensities of rainfall can saturate the surface, substantially reducing percolation and increasing runoff. Development also increases runoff by creating large areas of impermeable surfaces. Increased runoff upstream can contribute significantly to downstream flooding damage. Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 29 Summer daytime temperatures can occasionally exceed 125°F and winter temperatures rarely fall below freezing. The surrounding mountain slopes generally receive rainfall that increases with elevation. The mountains and upper elevations surrounding the Project study area are generally cooler, with an approximate 5°F drop with every 1,000-foot increase in elevation. Potential flooding problems in the La Quinta study area are associated with storm flows in the Whitewater River and its tributaries, flooding on the alluvial fans, and to runoff associated with the Indio Hills and the San Bernardino and Little San Bernardino mountain foothills. PREHISTORIC CULTURAL SETTING Approaches to prehistoric frameworks have changed over the years from those being based on material cultural attributes to radiocarbon-based chronologies to those associated with cultural traditions. Archaeologists defined a material complex consisting of an abundance of milling stones (for grinding food items) with few projectile points or vertebrate faunal remains dating from about seven to three thousand years before the present as the “Millingstone Horizon” (Wallace 1955). Later, the “Millingstone Horizon” was redefined as a cultural tradition named the Encinitas Tradition (Warren 1968) with various regional expressions including Topanga and La Jolla. Use by archaeologists varied as some adopted a generalized Encinitas Tradition without regional variations, some continued to use “Millingstone Horizon,” and some used Middle Holocene (the geologic time period) to indicate this observed pattern (Sutton and Gardner 2010:1-2). Recently, the generalized use of the “Millingstone Horizon” terminology has been seen to suppress the identification of specific cultural, spatial, and temporal cultural variations that occurred over several thousand years and the coincident movement of peoples, and it is these factors that are seen to be critical to understanding prehistoric adaptation and change (Sutton and Gardner 2010:1-2). The Encinitas Tradition characteristics are abundant metates and manos, crudely made core and flake tools, bone tools, shell ornaments, and very few projectile points with subsistence focusing on collecting (plants, shellfish, etc.). Faunal remains vary by location but include shellfish, land animals, marine mammals and fish (Sutton and Gardner 2010:7). The Encinitas Tradition has been redefined to have four patterns (Sutton and Gardner 2010: 8-25). These are (1) Topanga in coastal Los Angeles and Orange counties, (2) La Jolla in coastal San Diego County, (3) Greven Knoll in inland San Bernardino, Riverside, Orange and Los Angeles counties, and (4) Pauma in inland San Diego County. About 900 B.P. Greven Knoll III groups in the Project area adopted new cultural traits that transformed them into Palomar groups. The Palomar Tradition characteristics include bow and arrow technology, new rock art styles, new settlement and subsistence systems, and Takic Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 30 languages. The Palomar Tradition is defined to have two patterns (Sutton 2011). These are the San Luis Rey Pattern in the southern California coastal area and the Peninsular Pattern in the inland areas of the northern Peninsular Ranges (e.g., San Jacinto and Santa Rosa mountains) and northern Coachella Valley. PROJECT AREA CULTURES The latest cultural revisions for the Project area define traits for time phases of the Greven Knoll Pattern of the Encinitas Tradition applicable to inland San Bernardino, Riverside, Los Angeles, and Orange counties (Sutton and Gardner 2010). This pattern is subsequently replaced in the Project area by the Peninsular Pattern of the Palomar Tradition later in time (Sutton 2011; Table 4). Greven Knoll sites tend to be in located in the inland valley areas characteristic of the Project area. These inland people apparently did not switch from the use of manos and metates to the use of pestles and mortars that is seen in coastal sites dating to approximately 5000 years ago, possibly reflecting their closer relationship with desert cultural peoples who did not exploit acorns. The Greven Knoll toolkit is dominated by manos and metates throughout its 7,500-year extent. In Phase I, other typical characteristics were pinto dart points for atlatls or spears, charmstones, cogged stones, absence of shell artifacts, and flexed position burials (Table 4). In Phase II, Elko dart points for atlatls or spears and core tools are observed along with increased indications of gathering. In Phase III, stone tools including scraper planes, choppers and hammerstones are added to the tool kit, and yucca and plant seeds are staple foods, animals bones are heavily processed (broken and crushed to extract marrow), and burials tend to be marked by stone cairns (Table 4; Sutton and Gardner 2010). Early Peninsular sites tend to be near sources of fresh water in valleys. The former Lake Cahuilla played a major role in the prehistory of the Colorado Desert. As detailed above, Lake Cahuilla formed periodically when the Colorado River broke its channel and flowed into the Salton Trough of the Coachella and Imperial Valleys, forming a large, deep body of fresh water. Sutton (2011) suggests that some San Luis Rey I people of Yuman descent split away and migrated east to the northern Peninsular Ranges and the northern Coachella Valley to exploit Lake Cahuilla, and in so doing became Peninsular I. The Peninsular Pattern then developed through the Peninsular I, II and III phases (Sutton 2011). The Peninsular I phase is marked by small points for arrows, the appearance of bedrock mortars indicating use of acorns, pottery, the appearance of shell ornaments, and pit cremations are common. Hunting and gathering of terrestrial resources and the exploitation of Lake Cahuilla’s lacustrine resources resulted in the development of new technologies for waterfowl decoys and fish traps and/or nets (Table 4). The Peninsular II phase has some important new material traits (Table 4). The Peninsular III phase reflects the archaeological signature of the ethnographic Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 31 Table 4. Cultural Patterns and Phases Phase Dates B.P. Material Culture Other Traits Greven Knoll I 8,500 to 4,000 Abundant manos and metates; Pinto dart points for atlatls or spears; charmstones, cogged stones, and discoidals rare; no mortars or pestles; and general absence of shell artifacts. No shellfish; hunting important; flexed inhumations; and cremations rare. Greven Knoll II 4,000 to 3,000 Abundant manos and mutates; Elko dart points for atlatls or spears; core tools; late discoidals; few mortars and pestles; and general absence of shell artifacts. No shellfish; hunting and gathering important; flexed inhumations; and cremations rare. Greven Knoll III (formerly Sayles complex) 3,000 to 900 Abundant manos and mutates; Elko dart points for atlatls or spears; scraper planes, choppers, and hammerstones; late discoidals; few mortars and pestles; and general absence of shell artifacts. No shellfish; yucca and seeds as staples; hunting important but animal bones also processed; flexed inhumations beneath rock cairns; and cremations rare. Peninsular I 900 to 750 Appearance of small points (Cottonwood points &, Desert Side-notched) for arrows; shaft straighteners; pottery; few stone ornaments or stone pipes; appearance of shell ornaments; use of obsidian glass from Coso, Obsidian Butte, Bagdad, and unknown sources; and use bedrock metates but few mortars and pestles. Adoption of a lacustrine-based subsistence system; movement of people into the northern Coachella Valley from the interior valleys as Lake Cahuilla filled; establishment of major residential bases along the Lake Cahuilla shoreline; and primary pit cremations. Peninsular II 750 to 300 Addition of brown ware pottery, ceramic pipes and figurines; use of same obsidian sources; and the use of stone fish traps as levels of Lake Cahuilla fluctuated and eventually declined. Lacustrine based subsistence; and the appearance of the Peninsular Funerary Complex, with secondary cremations placed in ceramic “containers” and associated mourning ceremonies. Peninsular III 300 to 150 Continued use of Cottonwood and Desert Side-notched points; brown ware and buff ware pottery; primary use of Obsidian Butte as an obsidian source; addition of new figurine types and cultigens such as melons and squash, and the introduction of Euro-American material culture (e.g., glass beads and metal tools). Adoption of terrestrial-based subsistence system; full-time villages near springs; movement of some people west into the northern Peninsular Ranges as Lake Cahuilla became desiccated; use of domesticated species obtained from Colorado River Yumans and Euro- Americans; primary pit cremation as the principal mortuary practice; and retention of mourning ceremonies. Note: Adapted from Sutton and Gardner 2010 and Sutton 2011 groups that had become established in Peninsular I and II phases with the addition of some Euro- American material culture (Table 3; Sutton 2011). Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 32 ETHNOGRAPHY By the Late Prehistoric period, the Coachella Valley was home to affiliated peoples known as the Cahuilla. They occupied the San Gorgonio Pass (referred to as the Pass Cahuilla), San Jacinto and Santa Rosa Mountains (Mountain Cahuilla), and the Coachella Valley and the northern end of Imperial Valley (Desert Cahuilla; Figure 5). The Cahuilla are linked to other Takic language family groups such as the Serrano and Luiseño, and share many aspects of culture and religion with those tribes. These peoples spoke the Cahuilla language but each person’s primary identity was linked to clan lineage and moiety, rather than tribal affiliation. The two moieties of the Cahuilla were Istam (coyote) and Tuktum (wild cat). Affiliation was inherited from the father’s moiety and members of one moiety had to marry into the other group. Each clan was an independent, politically autonomous land-holding unit (Bean 1972, 1978; Strong 1929). In addition to lineage residence areas and clan territory owned in common with other clan members, each lineage had ownership rights to various food collecting and hunting areas. Individuals also “owned” specific areas rich in plant resources, as well as hunting grounds, rock quarry locations, and sacred spots used only by shamans, healers, and ritual practitioners. Cahuilla clans varied in size from several family groups to those composed of several thousand people. Clans were generally situated so that each lineage or community was located near a reliable water source and in proximity to significant food resources. Within each community, house structures were spatially placed at some distance from each other. Often a community would spread over a mile or two in distance with each nuclear and extended family having homes and associated structures for food storage and shaded work places (ramadas) for tool manufacture and food processing. Each community also contained a house clan leader. In more recent times, a ceremonial house (kishumnawat) was placed within each community, and most major religious ceremonies of the clan were held there. In addition, house and ceremonial structures, storage granaries, sweat houses, and song houses (for recreational music) were present. Usually an area within one to three miles contained the bulk of materials needed for daily subsistence, although territories of a given clan might be larger, and longer distances were traveled to get precious exotic resources, usually found in the higher elevations of the surrounding mountains. Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 33 Figure 5. Cahuilla Territory (Heizer 1978) While most daily secular and religious activities took place within the community, there were locations at some distance from the community where people camped for extended periods to harvest acorns or piñon nuts. Throughout the area, there were sacred places used primarily for rituals, intergroup or inter-clan meetings, caches for sacred materials, and locations for use by shamans or medicine men. Generally, hilly, rocky areas, cave sites, or walled cave sites were used for temporary camping, storage of foods, fasting by shamans, and as hunting blinds. Between the mid-1500s and the 1800s, the Cahuilla were variously contacted by Spanish explorers, then Mexican ranchers, and later American settlers. By the mid-1800s, the Cahuilla were fully exposed to new peoples with new cultural ways, opportunities, and constraints. In the 1860s, several epidemics devastated the Cahuilla population and the increasing contact with Europeans continued to have a major impact on their traditional lifeway. Survivors of decimated Cahuilla clans joined villages that were able to maintain their ceremonial, cultural, and economic institutions (Bean 1978). The Cahuilla were influenced by contact with the Patayan peoples of the lower Colorado River area. The Patayan were of the Yuman language family and introduced both floodplain agriculture, the use of ceramics, and bow-and-arrow technology to the Cahuilla approximately 1500 years ago. The Cahuilla were observed by early European explorers and settlers growing small plots of corn, pumpkin, melon, watermelon, barley, and wheat where there were reliable water sources (Schaefer and Laylander 2007: 253). Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 34 HISTORICAL SETTING The Cahuilla retained control of their ancestral lands longer than most California tribes did, as they were somewhat distant from the established Spanish Missions. The first regular incursion into Cahuilla territory was Hank Brown’s wagon road in the 1850s along what is now the route of Interstate 10 (Lech 2004:137-8). Because of competing economic and political considerations, however, it was not until the mid- 1870s that a serious push to settle the Coachella Valley occurred when the Southern Pacific Railroad transected the western Colorado Desert through the Coachella Valley. This route connected the San Gorgonio Pass to the town of Yuma, Arizona, via the eastern shore of the Salton Sink. Within a decade, the Federal Government gave all the odd-numbered sections of land in the Coachella Valley to the Southern Pacific Railroad, which completed its line through the desert to the Pacific Ocean in 1877. The Southern Pacific later became the Union Pacific Railroad. When President U.S. Grant established the Cahuilla Indian Reservations beginning in 1875, only the even-numbered sections were still available, thus creating the present Reservation checkerboard pattern. At the same time, ancestral Cahuilla lands were being granted to American settlers and Cahuilla peoples were being moved onto reservations (Agua Caliente Band of Indians n.d.). Development was very slow and towns were small until relatively recently; however, residential and commercial development is reaching new peaks during the current decade (Lech 2004:142). GEOARCHAEOLOGICAL SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS METHODS The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) National Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) soils map and descriptions (accessed September 2016) and geologic maps (Figure 6) were utilized for this assessment. Using the USDA NRCS maps, the APE was mapped for soils (Figure 7). The most recent soil descriptions provided by the NRCS (accessed November 2016) were utilized for this assessment. Subsurface site preservation depends on many factors. Soils and locations were analyzed for grain sizes, slope, and environmental indicators that contribute to the preservation of sites. Primarily sites accumulate where people have the highest probability of living; on lower slope gradients near water sources but in areas that are unlikely to experience regular flooding. Additionally, lower slope gradients decreases erosion and increases deposition assisting in site burial. Both pebbly and coarser grain sizes as well as clay rich soils preserve artifacts poorly. The age of a soil also determines the likelihood of buried archaeological sites and must be assessed as the older soils are less likely to contain sites unless items were intentionally buried in them. Soils likely too old for site preservation have duripans (hardpans), and argillic (clay rich) Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 35 Figure 6. Project Geology Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 36 Figure 7. Project Geomorphology Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 37 horizons; while younger soils with a higher potential for preservation are indicated by the lack of a B horizon or the presence of a cambic horizon. Both Holocene alluvial and aeolian units have a higher potential for artifacts as the soils were co-deposited with the local cultural groups. Classifications for buried site potential are as follows: Very low: Soils are underlain by deposits that predate human occupation of the region. The soils that include B, argillic or silicic (duripan) horizons. Additionally exposed bedrock, borrow pits, heavily eroded or gullied land, or water bodies have a very low potential. Areas of high erosion, water, borrow pits, rock outcrops or sediments mapped as Pleistocene or older are also classified as having a very low potential. Low: Soils are underlain by deposits that predate human occupation of the region, high-energy deposits unlikely to contain cultural materials in a primary context, are residual soils (soils weathered in place above bedrock), or include B horizons. Low-potential areas include Inceptisols. Although these soils commonly have a higher probability for buried sites, Inceptisols are formed in residual soils weathered directly from bedrock and, thus, have a low potential for buried sites. Areas where soils are weathered from bedrock, dissected alluvial fans and locations where soils are forming on mountains are classified as having a low potential. Medium: Soils are underlain by deposits that are most likely terminal Pleistocene or Holocene in age, possibly have intact buried surfaces, or have sediments that are likely to have been deposited in a low-energy environment. Alluvial fans, fan aprons, valley fills, dissected remnants of alluvial fans, floodplains, and drainages are classified as having a medium potential. High: Soils are underlain by deposits that are most likely terminal Pleistocene or Holocene in age, or sediments represent low-energy deposits, or have a high potential to contain buried intact geomorphic surfaces that could have been used by humans in the past. Alluvial stream terraces and floodplains, terrace escarpments, alluvial fans (fan skirts, fan aprons, and inset fans), and areas with aeolian deposits are classified as having a high potential. RESULTS Using the produced soils maps and resources above, soils were classified as having a very low, low, medium or high potential to contain buried sites (Table 5). The APE within the Coachella River bed is mapped as Holocene gravels (Qg) and Coachella fine sand with a 0%-2% slope gradient. Outside of the channel the APE is mapped as Holocene dune sands and alluvium (Qd, Qa) and as Myoma fine sand with a 5%-15% slope gradient. The Coachella series is a sandy, mixed, hyperthermic Typic Torrifluvents soil (Entisol) with C1 to C5 horizons. Coachella soils are light olive gray fine sand and very fine sand with thin strata Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 38 of silt loam or very fine sandy loam to a depth of 60 inches (USDA Soil Series Description, accessed November 2016). The Myoma series is a mixed, hyperthermic Typic Torripsamments soil (Entisol) with C1 to C4 horizons. Myoma soils are typically light olive gray, moderately alkaline, fine and very fine sands to a depth of about 31 inches. Below 31 inches they are strongly alkaline very fine sands. The control section has less than 15 percent coarse fragments and less than 15 percent of coarse and very coarse sand. The profile throughout is moderately to strongly alkaline with slight to violent effervescence (USDA Soil Series Description, accessed November 2016). While approximately the same age, the Coachella fine sand has a low potential for buried sites as it lies within the Coachella River bed. Sites in areas that have strong erosion such as flash flood areas have lower potential. The Myoma fine sand through the rest of the APE is assigned a medium potential. Table 5: Soils of the APE* Soil Map Symbol Primary Soil Name and Slopes; Other Soils Primary Soil Taxonomy Potential for Buried Sites CpA Coachella fine sand 0 to 2% slopes (85% of total volume); 5% Gilman, 5% Myoma, 5% Indio also present Order- Entisols; Suborder- Fluvents; Greatgroup- Torrifluvents; Subgroup- Typic Torrifluvents; Family- Sandy, mixed, hyperthermic Typic Torrifluvents Low MaD Myoma fine sand 5 to 15% slopes (85% of total volume); 5% Coachella, 5% unnamed, 3% Riverwash, and 2% Carsitas also present Order- Entisols; Suborder- Psamments; Greatgroup- Torripsamments; Subgroup- Typic Torripsamments; Family- Mixed, hyperthermic Typic Torripsamments Medium *Data from the California Soils Resource Lab SoilWeb, and the USDA Soil Series Description (accessed November 2016). PROJECT AREA HISTORY The historical settlement pattern is reflected in land patents granted by the Government Land Office, which show that the Southern Pacific Railroad Company was granted patents in 1866 and the State of California in 1927 (BLM n.d.). The 1904 USGS topographic quadrangle, the earliest available, shows no development or any other features near the APE with the exception of the Whitewater River. Highway 111 and Dune Palms Road are first depicted on the 1941 Toro Peak USGS 15’ quadrangle. The Trailer Park [Dune Palms Mobile Estates (parcel 600-030-010)] adjacent to the northeast APE is first shown on the 1973 La Quinta USGS 7.5’ quadrangle; Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 39 however, buildings first appear in this area in the 1959 La Quinta USGS 7.5’ quadrangle (Figure 8). The APE and the immediate area around it shows no other signs of development until USDA aerial photographs show the presence of La Quinta High School by 1996, a USA Gasoline Station on the northwest corner of the intersection of Highway 111 and Dune Palms Road by 2002, and the La Quinta Corporate Centre by 2005. The City of La Quinta began as a “watering hole” for gold miners traveling through the Coachella Valley along the on their way to Arizona. In 1862, Major William Bradshaw transported miners through the Valley and stopped at Point Happy (corner of Washington Street and Highway 111) which soon became a way station for stagecoaches and freight wagons traveling the Bradshaw trail (Soltys 2005:175). In 1926, Walter Morgan founded the La Quinta Resort which attracted Hollywood celebrities and established La Quinta as a resort destination for Los Angeles’ wealthy population. The City of La Quinta, named for the Resort, was incorporated in 1982 and maintains a seasonal population and reputation as a premier resort town (City of La Quinta 2014). PREVIOUS GROUND DISTURBANCE WITHIN THE PROJECT AREA Cogstone reviewed the Coachella Valley Stormwater Channel Plan and Profile and the Off-site Improvement Plan for the LA Quinta Corporate Centre, both provided by the City’s design consultant, as well as historic topographic maps (Figure 8) and historic aerials (Figures 10-13) in order to understand to what extent previous disturbances had occurred within APE. The information from these two plans was geo-referenced and overlain on the APE map (Figures 9 and Appendix C-2). Additionally, aerial photography available on Google Earth was reviewed. Finally Brad Donais, Senior Project Manager for Heptagon Seven, provided additional information regarding the extent of construction disturbances as a result of the channelization of the Whitewater River and the installation of sewer pipes (personal communication, 2016). Specific construction disturbances to the APE include residential construction, roads, and commercial structures. These disturbances are briefly discussed here according to the date in which they occurred: • 1940s: The Dune Palms Mobile Homes Estates (APN 600-030-010) was built in or shortly after 1949, according to a classified advertisement in The Desert Sun (1949:13). Dune Palms Road was also constructed at this time. • 1950s: Disturbances postdating the construction of the Dune Palms Road and Dune Palms Mobile Homes Estates occurred in APNs 600-030-004, 600-030-021 and 600-030- 020, when three houses were constructed in the late 1950s. These are not visible on the 1954 Palm Desert 15 min. USGS quadrangle topographic map but do appear on the 1959 La Quinta 15 min. USGS quadrangle topographic map (Figure 8). Although all were Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 40 extant through at least 2006, only the northernmost of these remained by 2009, and it was demolished by the following year (Figures 10 & 11). • 1950s-2000s: The Whitewater River was channelized by the Coachella Valley County Water District (CVCWD) in order to better manage storm water run-off (CVCWD 1971), a project which, judging by historic USGS topographic quadrangle maps, began in the 1950s (Figure 8). The channelization process included the building up of the dirt side walls with portions of the walls concreted over (Figure 9). • 1970s-1990s: The sidewalk along the west side of Dune Palms Road was added after 1972 but prior to 1996 (National Environmental Title Research 2016). It was likely constructed in conjunction with the building of La Quinta High School. The school is just west of the sidewalk and outside the APE and was constructed between 1994 and 1996 (Figure 10). Ground disturbance also occurred along the western edge of the APN 600- 030-018 when Dune Palms Road was extended north from Highway 111 between 1996 and 2002 (Figures 12 & 13). • 1999-2001: Further disturbance within the APE occurred during the construction of the La Quinta Corporate Centre, located at Highway 111 and Dune Palms Road on APNs 600-390-007, 690-390-021 and 690-390-023 (Figures 9-13). CRM Tech carried out a testing and evaluation plan of P-33-08692 (CA-RIV-6190), located on the aforementioned APNs, and P-33-16950 (CA-RIV-8835, located on APN 600-030-018, in 2000. A 12 inch sewer line was installed within APN 600-030-018. Details of the disturbance the installation of the sewer line and its effects on site located, is described in the next section. • 2000s: A borrow pit, measuring approximately 24 m in diameter and from 40 cm to 1.37 m in depth, is located within APN 600-030-021 and must have been excavated after 2009, when the last house on the parcel was demolished (see discussion of 1950s disturbances, above), and prior to the 2014 survey. The Kingdom Hall of Jehovah Witnesses located on APN 600-030-019 was constructed between 2002 and 2004 (Figure 13). With the building of the Jefferson Plaza Shopping Center to the east of APN 600- 030-018 sometime between 2006 and 2009, the concreted walls of the Whitewater River channel were extended west (Figures 10 & 11). Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 41 Figure 8. 1959 Historic USGS Topographic Map SEWER LINE DISTURBANCES TO SITE P-33-16950 (CA-RIV-8835) APN 600-030-018 In addition to the channelization of the Whitewater River, site P-33-16950 (CA-RIV -8835) has been effected by the installation of a 12 inch sewer main in 2000 for the La Quinta Corporate Centre located across the street on the west side of Dune Palms Road (La Quinta Corporate Centre 2000). The sewer pipe runs south of the stormwater channel and east of Dune Palms Road, from Corporate Center Drive north to the southern bank of the CVSC, then turning east parallel with the channel. Table 6 depicts the depth below existing ground of the installed sewer main. In those areas where Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 42 the depth of the sewer was greater than five (5) feet between the bottom of the pipe trench and existing ground, the pipe trenching would have required a minimum slope of a 1.5:1 slope from a point five (5) feet above the bottom of the pipe, with the lower five (5) feet being excavated close to vertical sides of the trench. The depth of sewer main at the four manholes located within the Project Area along with the estimated excavation limits for the sewer trench excavation limits are summarized below. In addition to the above noted excavation limits, visual evidence of the current site condition indicates that the sewer construction operations utilized the area to the south of the sewer line for staging, through either the temporary placement of trench material and/or as a path of travel for the construction equipment. The undisturbed portions of parcel 600-030-018 contain natural rolling mounds and scattered scrub brush. These features are absent from the disturbed areas indicating prior earth moving activities. Table 6. Depth of Manholes constructed for the CVSC Location Manhole Depth Construction Trench Half Width 1 Dune Palms/Corporate Ctr. Intersection 14.75 ft 17.0 ft Dune Palms @ Channel South Side 7.15 ft 5.5 ft ~262 ft east of Dune Palms along channel 11.39 ft 12.0 ft ~462 ft east of Dune Palms along channel 13.32 ft 14.5 ft Through the use of historical and current aerial photography, the previously disturbed limits are approximately 40 feet east of the edge of the existing Dune Palms Road and approximately 120 feet south of the top of the storm water channel into the existing vacant commercial site. Based on all of the data gathered from previous archaeological research, prior disturbances and the survey, it is evident that P-33-08692 (CA-RIV-6190) is likely destroyed and the portion of P- 33-16950 (CA-RIV-8835) within the APE has been disturbed and the possibility of intact sub- surface cultural features within the area of direct impact and its sensitivity is unknown. 1 Trench Half Width is half the width of the trench excavation necessary for the placement of the sewer line, measured from the centerline of the pipeline. Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 43 Figure 9. Previous Construction Disturbances Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 44 Figure 10. Previous Construction Disturbances, Historic Aerial 2006 (Google Earth 2015) Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 45 Figure 11. Previous Construction Disturbances, Historic Aerial 2009 (Google Earth 2015) Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 46 Figure 12. Previous Construction Disturbances, Historic Aerial 1996 (Google Earth 2015) Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 47 Figure 13. Previous Construction Disturbances, Historic Aerial 2002 (Google Earth 2015) Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 48 FIELD SURVEY METHODS AND RESULTS On December 29, 2014 Lindsey Porras, Cogstone Staff Archaeologist, completed an intensive- level pedestrian survey of the APE as it was then delineated. Ms. Porras surveyed the entire APE with the exception of the Dune Palms Mobile Estates development due to access limitations. The survey consisted of walking parallel transects, spaced at no greater than 15-meter intervals within the APE while closely inspecting the ground surface. Existing disturbances (e.g., rodent burrows, cut banks) were examined for artifacts or buried cultural deposits. Digital photographs were taken to document environmental conditions. Subsequent to the initial survey and in consultation with Caltrans, Desiree Martinez, Cogstone Principal Archaeologist, returned to the Project Area on June 23, 2015 to gain a better understanding of the disturbances that had occurred on APNs 600-030-018 and 600-030-019. On July 7, 2015, Martinez met with Steven Holm (Caltrans Cultural Studies Archaeologist), Gabrielle Duff (Caltrans Branch Chief Cultural Studies), Aaron Burton (Caltrans Senior Environmental Planner), and Brad Donais (Senior Project Manager, Heptagon Seven representing the City of La Quinta) on-site to review the project and to discuss the construction activities that would occur within the APNs and how they may affect P-33-16950 (CA-RIV- 8835). The site visit prompted an expansion of the APE to include entirety of APNs 600-030-018, 600- 030-019, 600-030-020, 600-390-021, 600-030-004, 600-030-010, 600-030-021, 600-390-010, 600-390-007 and 600-390-023. Martinez surveyed these additional areas by walking parallel transects, spaced at no greater than 10-meters within the APE while closely inspecting the ground surface. Existing disturbances (e.g., rodent burrows, cut banks) were examined for artifacts or buried cultural deposits. Digital photographs were taken of each parcel to document environmental conditions. Weather was clear, slight breeze with temperature recorded at 105º. Ms. Martinez was at that time able to access all the new portions of the APE except for the Dune Palms Mobile Estates development. The development was accessed by L. Furnis on August 6, 2016 during the survey for the Historical Resources Evaluation Report (HRER) and is discussed in that document (Furnis 2015). In general, the APE consists of the hardscaped Dune Palms Road between Highway 111 and Westward Hoe Drive along with adjacent parcels. Ground visibility within the paved areas was zero. In the unpaved areas of the APE, ground visibility ranged from excellent (80-100%) to poor (10%). Moderate visibility occurred near the Whitewater River because of the presence of overgrown vegetation. Each parcel exhibits slightly different environmental, visibility and previous disturbance characteristics; therefore, the survey results are described by parcel number. Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 49 APN 600-030-004 APN 600-030-004 is a vacant lot located at 46160 Dune Palms Road. Visibility was 90% and sediments are wind-blown silty sand with 15% small cobbles and pebbles. Portions of the parcel were covered with a reddish hard clay crust possibility from construction that occurred on adjacent parcels (Figure 14). A Southern California Edison pole # 995270 is located in the western portion of the parcel. Pedestrian disturbance is evident by modern trash. No cultural resources were identified. APN 600-030-010 The Dune Palms Mobile Estates is located on APN 600-030-010 at 46400 Dune Palms Road. This property was surveyed by Lynn Furnis and is discussed in detail in the HRER (Furnis 2016). No historic properties were discovered within the parcel and the property itself was evaluated and recommended to be not eligible for listing on the NRHP or CRHR. APN 600-010-009 Ground visibility was excellent (90 %). There is little vegetation within the bed of the Whitewater River (Figure 15), except in clusters near to where Dune Palms Road crosses the wash (Figure 16). The survey of this parcel was positive for cultural resources: one ceramic sherd was located. Figure 14. Overview of Reddish Clay Crust Covering APNs 600-030-004 and 600-030-020, Facing Northwest, on July 7, 2015. Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 50 Figure 15. Typical Area with Excellent Visibility, Facing South at Whitewater River, on December 29, 2014 Figure 16. Overgrown Vegetation at Whitewater River, Facing East, on December 29, 2014 APN 600-030-018 Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 51 The survey of APN 600-030-018 was positive for cultural resources; previously recorded site P- 33-16950 (CA-RIV-8835) was re-identified and additional material recorded. The finds were aided by the excellent (90%) ground visibility as there is little vegetation on this vacant lot. The field survey discovered that the site extended further north of the previously documented boundaries (Figures 17, 18, Appendix C-6, and Appendix C-7). The additional cultural materials included a ceramic scatter consisting of seven brownware sherds as well as one chert secondary flake. Four GPS points were taken as an example of the sherds’ location. Although Cogstone identified cultural material on the surface within the APE and extended the boundary of P-33-16950 (CA-RIV-8835) to include the material, it was evident that extensive ground disturbance had occurred. As a result, it is not clear if there were intact subsurface cultural matrix extending into the APE or if the material was being brought into the APE by previous grading, disking, utility installation and/or construction activities. As a result, Desiree Martinez, Cogstone Principal Archaeologist, revisited APN 600-030-018 on June 23, 2015 to further investigate the ground disturbance, to relocate the artifacts identified in the initial survey and assess whether the artifacts were in a primary context. Figure 17. Ceramic Scatter in APN 600-030-018, on December 29, 2014 Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 52 Figure 18. Rim Profile of Brownware Sherd in APN 600-030-018, on December 29, 2014 The ceramic scatter located at GPS point B by Porras was re-identified and collected (20150623DRM12). Martinez and Porras used different GPS units to collect UTM coordinates which resulted in a 5 ft error. As a result Martinez cannot verify that the ceramic pieces collected were the same ones identified at GPS point A. Martinez also collected 56 brownware ceramic sherds and 1 shaped ceramic artifact in order to get a sampling of the types of ceramics within the scatter in the expanded site boundaries (Table 7; Figures 19 and Appendix C-7). Also collected were 25 fire-hardened clay pieces, which at the time were thought to be fired daub (Figure 20 & 21). CRM Tech (2008) cataloged similar items as daub/FAC during their testing phase. All of the artifacts were located on sediments described as silty fine-grained sand with 10 percent pebbles and granules. Photos of the fire-hardened clay pieces were sent to colleague Ivan Strudwick for review. Strudwick, a California archaeologist, had previously conducted research on fired clay daub recovered from prehistoric California sites (Strudwick 2005). Strudwick stated that they were not fired daub since they lacked organic material within the paste and do not have any impressions of twigs, sticks or structure poles as one would see in true fired daub. He suggested that the pieces could be fire-hardened clay from a clay-lined hearth similar to what he has seen in the Central Valley (Strudwick, personal communication 2015). This theory needs to be investigated further. Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 53 Table 7. Artifacts Collected on June 23, 2015 Artifact # Condition Description (form, material, etc.) Locational Data NAD 1984 Collected? mE mN 20150623DRM01 Fragment 2 ceramic body sherds 566990.3 3730136 Yes 20150623DRM02 Fragment 1 ceramic body sherd 566985.3 3730136 Yes 20150623DRM03 Fragment 1 ceramic rim sherd 566985.7 3730145 Yes 20150623DRM04 Fragment 1 ceramic body sherd 566994.3 3730131 Yes 20150623DRM05 Fragment 1 ceramic body sherd, 1 shaped ceramic piece 566993.3 3730132 Yes 20150623DRM06 Fragment 6 ceramic body sherds 566999.5 3730136 Yes 20150623DRM07 Fragment 1 rim ceramic sherd, 1 ceramic body sherd 566986.3 3730136 Yes 20150623DRM08 Fragment 1 ceramic body sherd 566986.3 3730137 Yes 20150623DRM09 Fragment 6 ceramic body sherds, 15 “fired hardened” pieces 566990.3 3730134 Yes 20150623DRM10 Fragment 14 ceramic body sherds 566983.3 3730134 Yes 20150623DRM11 Fragment 1 ceramic rim sherd 566989.3 3730134 Yes 20150623DRM12 Fragment 12 ceramic body sherds, 10 “fired hardened” pieces 567003.4 3730145 Yes 20150623DRM13 Fragment 7 ceramic body sherds 566990.3 3730136 Yes Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 54 Figure 19. Catalog No. 20150623DRM13, Two Brownware Sherds, Collected on June 23, 2015 Figure 20. Catalog No. 20150623DRM09, Fire Hardened Clay Pieces, Collected on June 23, 2015 Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 55 Figure 21. Catalog No. 20150623DRM09, Close-up of Fire Hardened Clay Piece, Collected on June 23, 2015 The ceramic sherds located at GPS points C & D were not re-identified (Figure Appendix C-7). This may be the result of the ground disturbance that has occurred since the December 29, 2014 survey. There is a dirt access road that parallels the location of the VCP sewer line on the southern side of the Whitewater River Storm Water Channel. The sewer access road had been graded within the last six months (Figure 22). Additionally, sometime after the grading of the access road, it rained heavily enough to cause small erosion channels near the location of the artifacts (Figure 23). Throughout APN 600-030- 018 there is evidence of construction dumping, including large chunks and small pieces of asphalt, chunks of concrete slabs and structures as well as soil berming (Figures 24-26). No intact features or human remains were identified during the re-visit. The ceramic artifacts varied widely in thickness and color indicating that they were from different vessels and were therefore likely collected and redeposited at an unknown date (Figure 27). Additionally, although the artifacts found at GPS points C & D were not re-identified, based on the documentation of the ground disturbance that has occurred historically within APN 600-030-018 and the more recent ground disturbance that was documented during the re-visit, it is evident that those artifacts were also in a secondary context. The site boundaries of P-33-16950 (CA-RIV-8835) were expanded northwesterly to include the ceramic scatter (Appendix E). Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 56 Figure 22. Overview of VCP Sewer Line Access Road, Facing Northeast. Evidence of Grading Since Original Survey, on June 23, 2015 Figure 23. Evidence of Water Erosion Since Original Survey, Facing East, on June 23, 2015 Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 57 Figure 24. Small Asphalt Pieces Covering the Eastern Side of APN 600-030-018, Facing Southeast, on June 23, 2015 Figure 25. Evidence of Concrete Construction Debris, Facing Southwest, on June 23, 2015 Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 58 Figure 26. Evidence of Berming, Facing Northwest, on June 23, 2015 Figure 27. Ceramic Sherds Collected at 20150623DRM06, on June 23, 2015 Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 59 APN 600-030-019 The Kingdom Hall of Jehovah Witnesses is located on APN 600-030-019 at 46300 Dune Palms Road. Martinez conducted a survey of the area; two buildings sit on the parcel. Eighty percent of the parcel is hardscaped with asphalt and concrete, leaving just 20 % of the ground surface visible. The islands between parking spaces were covered with vegetation (bushes and trees) and show evidence of previous disturbance by the installation of electrical lighting and irrigation. The sediments were silty sand. No cultural material was identified (Figures 28 & 29). APN 600-030-020 APN 600-030-020 is a vacant lot located at 46150 Dune Palms Road. Visibility was 95% and sediments are wind-blown silty sand with 15% small cobbles and pebbles. Portions of the parcel are covered with a reddish hard clay crust. Pedestrian disturbance is evident by modern trash. No cultural resources were identified (Figure 30). Figure 28. Main Building on APN 600-030-019, Facing Northeast, on July 7, 2015 Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 60 Figure 29. Back Building on APN 600-030-019, Facing Northeast, on July 7, 2015 Figure 30. Dune Palms Rd & Westward Ho Drive, Facing South Showing Typical Visibility of Hardscaped Areas, on December 29, 2014 Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 61 APN 600-030-021 APN 600-030-021 is a vacant lot located at 46176 Dune Palms Road. Visibility was 97% and sediments were wind-blown silty sand with 15 % small cobbles and pebbles. An isolated granitic mano (20141229LAP_1) was found within this of the APE (Figures 31 & Appendix C-6, Appendix E). Portions of the parcel were covered with hardened reddish clay possibly from construction that occurred on adjacent parcels (Figure 32). On the western edge of the parcel, there is a borrow pit area measuring approximately 24 m in diameter and 40 cm to 1.37 m in depth (Figure 33). Pedestrian disturbance is evident by modern trash throughout the parcel. One tree is located in the middle of the parcel and a cluster or trees on the western edge. No other cultural material was found at this location. Figure 31. Isolated Granitic Mano (20141229LAP_1) in APN 600-030-021, on December 29, 2014 Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 62 Figure 32. Example of Reddish Clay Crust Covering Portions of APN 600-030-021, Facing Northeast, on July 7, 2015 Figure 33. Overview of Burrowed Area on Western Edge of APN 600-030-021, Facing Southeast, on July 7, 2015 Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 63 APN 600-390-007 The six buildings make up the La Quinta Corporate Centre located on APN 600-390-007. Ninety percent of the area was hardscaped with asphalt and concrete; ground visibility was poor at 10%. Martinez surveyed the islands between the parking spaces and the tree/flower throughout the parcel; sediments were silty sand. The flower/tree beds and parking space islands had evidence of disturbance from the installation of sprinklers. Vegetation included palm trees, grass and low desert shrubs. No cultural material or features were observed. APN 600-390-010 A USA Gasoline station is located on APN 600-390-010 at 79490 Highway 111. Seventy-five percent of the area was hardscaped with asphalt and concrete, with 25 % ground visibility. Martinez surveyed the tree/flower beds that surrounded the south and east sides of the parcel; the sediments were silty sand. The flower/tree beds had evidence of disturbance from the installation of sprinklers. Vegetation included palm trees and low desert shrubs. No cultural material or features were observed (Figure 34). Figure 34. Northwest Corner of Dune Palms and Hwy 11, Facing North, on December 29, 2014 Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 64 APN 600-390-021 The J. Paul Building is located on APN 600-390-021 at 79440 Corporate Center Drive. Ninety percent of the area was hardscaped with asphalt and concrete, such that ground visibility was poor at 10 %. Martinez surveyed the islands between the parking spaces and the tree/flower beds that surrounded the south side of the parcel. In the bare areas, the sediments were silty sand, possibly mounded from the original soils. Some of the islands and the tree/flower beds were covered with decorative non-local rounded cobbles and/or angular pebbles. The flower/tree beds and parking space islands had evidence of disturbance from the installation of sprinklers, water mains and electrical conduit. Vegetation included palm trees and low desert shrubs. No cultural material or features were observed (Figures 35 & 36). Figure 35. Overview of Plant/Tree Bed. Corporate Center Drive on Left, Facing Northwest, on July 7, 2015 Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 65 Figure 36. Example of Islands between Parking Spaces with Imported Angular Pebbles, Facing Northeast, on July 7, 2015 APN 600-390-023 The Rock-N-Roll Mini Golf is located on APN 600-390-023 at 46-805 Dune Palms Rd. Ninety percent of the area was hardscaped with asphalt and concrete, such that ground visibility was poor, 10 %. Martinez surveyed the tree/flower beds that surrounded the east and north side of the parcel. Sediments were silty sand. Vegetation included palm trees and low desert shrubs. No cultural material or features were observed. Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 66 STUDY FINDINGS AND CONCLUSIONS Two previously recorded archaeological sites were identified within the APE during the records search. These sites were P-33-08692 (CA-RIV-6190) and P-33-16950 (CA-RIV-8835). One isolate (20141229LAP_1) was found during the cultural resources survey of the APE and DPR forms have been drafted. According to January 2014 First Amended Programmatic Agreement Among the Federal Highway Administration, the Advisory Council on Historic Preservation, the California State Historic Preservation Officer, and the California Department of Transportation Regarding Compliance with Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act, as it pertains to the Administration of the Federal-Aid Highway Program in California (PA) “Isolated prehistoric finds consisting of fewer than three items per 100 square meters” are exempted from evaluation; therefore, 20141229LAP_1, a granitic mano, does not require further consideration. P-33-08692 (CA-RIV-6190) is located within the southwest portion of the APE mapped, to the west of Dune Palms Road. It was previously recorded as a 230 m by 170 m prehistoric habitation site with six loci of ceramics, burned faunal bone, debitage, burned clay, and fire affected rock. Although no human remains were positively identified, 23 fragments were considered possibly human due to their consistency with human cremations in the region. Based on a jasper Cottonwood Triangular projectile point and Salton Buffware ceramic fragments recovered, the site is a late prehistoric Cahuilla habitation site less than 1000 years old (Love et al. 1998). Based on the testing and monitoring results, Love (2000) stated that the research potential of the site was exhausted and recommended that the site not be considered eligible for the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) or the California Register of Historical Resources (CRHR). P-33- 08692 (CA-RIV-6190) was not re-identified during the survey because the area has since been developed with several businesses currently occupying its location. Site P-33-16950 (CA-RIV-8835) is located in the southeastern portion of the APE, to the east of Dune Palms Road and was previously recorded as a 145 m by 130 m light prehistoric ceramic scatter with daub and fire affected rock in 2008. Archaeological subsurface testing and evaluation was conducted which included the hand excavation of eight 1 m by 1 m or 1 m by 2 m TUs, twenty-three 50 cm by 50 cm STPs. Two trenches measuring 10 m by 2 m and three 2 m by 1 m were excavated by backhoe. The TUs were excavated to 1 m below ground surface (cmbs), STP depth ranged from 50 cmbs to 100 cmbs, while the backhoe trenches and pits were excavated to 150 cmbs or 250 cmbs. Seven hundred and fourteen artifacts (e.g. prehistoric ceramic sherds, daub/fire affected clay, groundstone fragments, and rocks) were recovered during surface collection prior to testing. Seven hundred and twelve artifacts consisting of ceramic sherds, marine and freshwater shell, Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 67 groundstone, charcoal, faunal bone and human remains were recovered from the TUs. Additionally, twenty-seven 1 m by 1 m recovery units (RUs) were hand excavated around the location of the human remains resulting an additional 1,125 artifacts and ecofacts. The depth of the RUs ranged from 20 cmbs to 40 cmbs. Based on the testing program, CRM Tech concluded that the site in general had “very limited ability to provide important new information for the study of prehistory in the Whitewater River Delta/ Dune Complex and surrounding region, [and] in light of the low quantity of formal artifacts it yielded… the site as a whole does not appear to qualify as a ‘historical resource’." However CRM Tech also stated that since the cremated human remains retain a high degree of Native American traditional cultural value, the portion of the site containing the cremation remains was determined to meet CEQA's definition of a "historical resource” (Eddy et al. 2008). Although the testing program at P-33-16950 (CA-RIV-8835) identified artifacts at 250 cm in depth, the type and quantity of artifacts were not listed in the report. Cogstone obtained a copy of the original catalog which shows that a majority of the artifacts were found in the upper 40 cm (1.3 ft) of the site. Sixteen items were found between 100 cm and 250 cm in depth. These items included 6 pieces of fire affected clay, 1 piece of unburned sandy clay, 5+ pieces of unburned clay, 1 faunal bone fragment, and 3 pieces of charcoal. P-33-16950 (CA-RIV-8835) was re-identified during the current survey and its boundaries extended to the northwest to include a newly identified ceramic scatter. This extension constituted 550 m2 of additional area making the total area of the site 12,168 m2. The geoarchaeological analysis in the Background Section indicates the potential for buried archaeological deposits ranges from low to medium potential. Areas of low potential are located within the Coachella River bed. The rest of the APE is assigned a medium potential for buried archaeological deposits. Within the medium potential areas, ground disturbing activities include reconstructing the north and south bridge approaches to accommodate the significant raised profile of the road. Minor grading will be required to prepare the existing ground to accept the fill material necessary to accommodate the proposed profile grade. The typical maximum vertical excavation of the APE within the medium potential area is 1 foot in undisturbed areas outside of the existing street right of way section (west of Dune Palms and south of the stormwater channel). The maximum vertical depth of the APE within the existing roadway street right of way section and within previously disturbed areas (mobile home park) is a maximum of 4 feet. Additional research was conducted to understand the extent of previous disturbances affecting the integrity of P-33-16950 (CA-RIV-8835) within the APE. Data suggests that the possibility of intact subsurface features varies across the site and cultural sensitivity is unknown. As a result, the impacts to the site are unknown. Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 68 It is Caltrans' policy to avoid cultural resources whenever possible. Further investigations may be needed if the site[s] cannot be avoided by the Project. If previously unidentified cultural materials are unearthed during construction, it is Caltrans' policy that work be halted in that area until a qualified archaeologist can assess the significance of the find. Additional archaeological survey will be needed if Project limits are extended beyond the present survey limits. Further, if human remains are unearthed during excavation, State Health and Safety Code Section 7050.5 states “there shall be no further excavation or disturbance of the site or any nearby area reasonably suspected to overlie adjacent remains until the coroner of the county in which the human remains are discovered... [has made the appropriate assessment, and] …recommendations concerning the treatment and disposition of the human remains have been made to the person responsible for the excavation, or to his or her authorized representative, in the manner provided in Section 5097.98 of the Public Resources Code.” Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 69 REFERENCES CITED Agua Caliente Band of Indians n.d. History and Culture Overview. Available online at http://www.aguacaliente.org/content/History%20&%20Culture/, last accessed May 16, 2012. Anonymous 1897 Riverside City and County Directory. A.M. Bushnell & Co. Pub., Riverside (in collection of Huntington Library). BLM (Bureau of Land Management California) n.d. General Land Office Records. Available online at http://www.glorecords.blm.gov/, last accessed December 2014. Bean, L. J. 1972 Mukat’s People: the Cahuilla Indians of Southern California. University of California Press, Berkeley. 1978 Cahuilla. In Handbook of North American Indians, Vol. 8 California, pages 575-587, R. Heizer (ed.), Smithsonian Institute, Washington, D.C. Blake 1856 Geological Report. In Routes of Explorations in California for a Railroad Routes to Connect with Routes Near the 35th and 32nd Parallels of North Latitude., by Lt. R. S. Williamson, Corps of Topographical Engineers, Volume V of Reports of Explorations and Surveys to Ascertain The Most Practicable And Economical Route For a Railroad from the Mississippi River to the Pacific Ocean, Made Under the Direction of the Secretary Of War in 1853–1855. Beverly Tucker, Printer, Washington, D.C. Burk 1898 Burk’s southern California business directory embracing a business directory of over three hundred places, including every city, town and post office in the counties of Los Angeles, Orange, Riverside, San Bernardino, San Diego, Santa Barbara and Ventura. Los Angeles Directory Company, Los Angeles (in collection of Huntington Library). California Soil Resource Lab n.d. Accessed November 2016. Available at https://casoilresource.lawr.ucdavis.edu/ Caltrans (California Department of Transportation) 2007 Historic Bridge Inventory. Available online at Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 70 http://www.dot.ca.gov/hq/structur/strmaint/historic.htm, last accessed May 17, 2012. City of La Quinta 2014 History of La Quinta. Electronic document, www.la-quinta.org accessed December 2014. Coachella Valley Water District n.d. About Coachella Valley Water District (CVWD). Available online at http://www.cvwd.org/about/about.php, last accessed July 1, 2011. 1971 C.V. Stormwater Channel Plan 8: Profile. DWG No. 10,521-8. CRM Tech 2003 Historic Property Survey Report: Downtown Improvement Project (07-01-05317), City of Cathedral City, Riverside County, California. On file at the Eastern Information Center, University of California, Riverside. 2008 Catalog of Artifacts from Testing of CA-RIV-8835 (P-33-16950). Prepared by CRM Tech. In possession of author. The Desert Sun 1949 Dune Palms Trailer Park, in the classified ads section of The Desert Sun, December 16, 1949, Palm Springs, CA, p.13, column 6. Eddy, J., M. Dahdul, H. Quinn, and M. Wetherbee 2008 Final Cultural Resources Report: Archaeological Testing and Evaluation of Site CA-RIV- 8835 (33-16950), Assessor's Parcel No. 600-030-018, City of La Quinta, Riverside County, California. Prepared by CRM Tech. Report on file at Eastern Information Center, University of California, Riverside. Furnis, L 2016 Draft Historical Resources Evaluation report for the Dune Palms road Low-Water Crossing replacement, La Quinta, Riverside, County, California. Prepared for Caltrans, District 8. Prepared by Cogstone Resource Management, Inc. Heizer, R. 1978 The Handbook of North American Indians, Vol 8. Smithsonian Institution, Washington D.C. La Quinta Corporate Centre 2000 Construction Plans for the Off-Site Sewer Improvement Project. DWG No. SW571103. Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 71 Lech, S. 2004 Along the Old Roads: a history of the portion of southern California that became Riverside County 1772-1893. Self-published, Riverside. Love, Bruce 2001 Archaeological Monitoring of Earth-Moving Activities the USA Station #852 Project. Prepared by CRM Tech, Colton, California. Letter Report submitted to the City of La Quinta, Riverside County, California. Love, Bruce, Harry M. Quinn, Thomas A. Wake, Wendy G. Teeter, Katherine J. W. Bouscaren, and Michael Hogan 2000 Final Report on Archaeological Testing at La Quinta Corporate Center, Highway 111 and Dunes Palms Road, La Quinta, Riverside County, California. Love, Bruce, Bai “Tom” Tang and Harry M. Quinn 1998 Cultural Resources Report: La Quinta Corporate Centre Located at Highway 111 and Dune Palms Road, La Quinta, Riverside County, California. Prepared by CRM Tech. Report on file at Eastern Information Center, University of California, Riverside. Merriam Library 2010 California Historic Topographic Map Collection. Available online at http://cricket.csuchico.edu/maps/topo_search.html, last accessed June 22, 2011. National Environmental Title Research 2016 Historicaerials.com. Online resource accessed May 20, 2016. RBF 2012 City of Cathedral City Date Palm Drive Widening Project, Federal Aid Project No. BHLS-5430(027)PA/ED Phase Preliminary Environmental Study (PES) Form. Schaefer, J. and D. Laylander 2007 The Colorado Desert: Ancient Adaptations to Wetlands and Wastelands. In California Prehistory: colonization, culture and complexity, T. Jones and K. Klar (eds.), Altamira Press, Lanham, pages 247-257. Schaefer, J. and K. Moslak 2001 Prehistoric Lake Cahuilla Recessional Phase Fish Traps and Habitation Sites along the R-Line, Phase I, Imperial County, California. Prepared by ASM Affiliates, Inc., Encinitas, CA. Submitted to the Imperial Valley Irrigation District, Imperial, CA. Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 72 Strong, W. D. 1929 Aboriginal Society in Southern California. University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 26:1-349. Strudwick, I. 2005 The Use of Fired Clay Daub from CA-ORA-269 in the Identification of Prehistoric Dwelling Construction Methods, San Joaquin Hills, Orange County, California. Proceedings of the Society for California Archaeology 18:219-237. Sutton, M. 2011 The Palomar Tradition and its Place in the Prehistory of Southern California. Pacific Coast Archaeological Society Quarterly 44(4):1-74. Sutton, M. and J. Gardner 2010 Reconceptualizing the Encinitas Tradition of Southern California. Pacific Coast Archaeological Society Quarterly 42(4):1-64 Terra Nova Planning & Research, Inc. 2002 City of Cathedral City Comprehensive General Plan. On file, City of Cathedral City. USDA Soil Series Description n.d. Accessed November 2016. Available at https://soilseries.sc.egov.usda.gov/scname.aspx von Till Warren, E., R. H. Crabtree, C. N. Warren, M. Knack, and R. McCarty 1981 A Cultural Resources Overview of the Colorado Desert Planning Units. U. S. Institute for American Research. Submitted to the Department of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management, California Desert District. Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 73 APPENDIX A. QUALIFICATIONS Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 74 SHERRI GUST, RPA Project Manager & Principal Investigator, Paleontology and Archaeology EDUCATION 1994 M.S., Anatomy (Evolutionary Morphology), University of Southern California, Los Angeles 1979 B.S., Anthropology (Physical), University of California, Davis SUMMARY QUALIFICATIONS Ms. Gust has more than 35 years of experience in cultural and paleontological resources management. She is a Registered Professional Archaeologist and Qualified Principal Paleontologist. Gust has extensive experience managing large linear energy and transportation projects and is an experienced peer reviewer. Ms. Gust holds California statewide BLM permits for cultural and paleontology. She is a certified/qualified principal archaeologist and paleontologist in all southern California cities and counties that maintain lists. PRIOR PROJECTS IN RELEVANT GEOGRAPHICAL AREAS WECC Path 42 Transmission Line Upgrades, Southern California Edison, Palm Springs area, Riverside County, CA. Managed cultural and paleontological resources Phase I studies for 14.5 mile transmission line segment on BLM and private lands. Co-author of both the Paleontological and the Cultural Resources Assessment Reports. Project Manager and Principal Investigator. 2011-2015 High Desert Corridor, Caltrans Districts 7 & 8, Los Angeles and San Bernardino Counties, CA. Managed work to complete the Caltrans cultural and paleontological documents for a proposed new 63 mile long freeway and rail line from SR 14 in Palmdale to SR 18 in Apple Valley. The documents produced to date are Historical Properties Survey Report, Archaeological Survey Report, Historical Resources Evaluation Report, Extended Phase I Testing Report and combined Paleontological Identification and Evaluation Report. Project Manager and Principal Investigator. 2013-present Ground Water Regional Replacement and Recharge Project (R3), Mojave Water Agency, San Bernardino County, CA. Managed Phase I cultural and paleontological work for proposed construction of 64,083 linear feet of water pipeline and associated facilities. Work was performed under Section 106 due to funding from the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act through the Bureau of Reclamation. Personally negotiated burial agreement with San Manuel Band of Mission Indians. Co-authored the Cultural and Paleontological Assessment report including a Cultural Resources Treatment Plan and Paleontological Resources Management Plan. Project Manager and Principal Investigator. 2010-2012 Oro Grande Wash Recharge Project, Mojave Water Agency, Hesperia and Victorville, San Bernardino County, CA. Managed Phase I cultural and paleontological work for proposed construction of 19,000 linear feet of water pipeline and associated facilities including recharge basins on 22 acres. Work was performed under Section 106 due to funding from the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act through the Bureau of Reclamation. Co-authored the Cultural and Paleontological Assessment report including a Paleontological Resources Management Plan. Project Manager and Principal Investigator. 2010-2011 Paradise Valley Specific Plan, Indio, Riverside County, CA. Managed Phase I cultural, historical and paleontological studies for a master planned community of 5,411 acres with additional access roadways and telecommunication lines. Co-author of both the Paleontological and the Cultural Resources Assessment Reports. Project Manager and Principal Investigator. 2011-present Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 75 MOLLY VALASIK, RPA Registered Professional Archaeologist EDUCATION 2009 M.A., Anthropology, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 2006 B.A., Anthropology, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio SUMMARY QUALIFICATIONS Valasik is a Registered Professional Archaeologist with six years of professional field and academic research experience. In addition to serving as a Principal Archaeologist, she is GIS proficient and supervises mapping at Cogstone. She has performed all aspects of fieldwork, directed surveys and authored numerous reports. She routinely digitizes data, manages databases, and creates high resolution maps for technical reports. SELECTED PROJECTS Office/Warehouse Project, West of Perris. Principal Investigator. Prepared archaeological Phase I assessment including record search, Native American consultation, survey, impact analysis and recommendations for new office and warehouse complex. 2013 Trabuco Road at Monroe Avenue Project, Irvine. Principal Investigator. Prepared archaeological literature study including record search, Native American consultation, analysis and recommendations for a traffic signal improvement project. 2013 Santiago Canyon Bridges Project, south Orange County. Principal Investigator. Prepared archaeological Phase I assessment including record search, Native American consultation, survey, impact analysis and recommendations for nine bridge rehabilitation projects. 2013 13th Street Bridge Replacement Project, Ramona. Principal Investigator. Prepared archaeological Phase I assessment including record search, survey, impact analysis and recommendations for bridge replacement. 2013 Rose Creek Bike Trail, San Diego. Principal Investigator. Prepared archaeological Phase I assessment including record search, Native American consultation, survey, impact analysis and recommendations for new bike trail along creek. 2013 Gopher Canyon Restoration Project, Chatsworth. Principal Investigator. Prepared archaeological Phase I assessment including record search, survey, impact analysis and recommendations for stream restoration project. 2013 Sun Ranch, San Juan Capistrano. Principal Investigator. Directed archaeological and Native American monitoring of a City water system improvement project over several months. Prepared final monitoring compliance report. 2012 Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 76 ANDRE-JUSTIN C. SIMMONS, RPA Archaeologist and Cross-trained Paleontologist/GIS Supervisor EDUCATION 2014 M.A., Anthropology, California State University, Fullerton 2010 B.A., Anthropology and History, California State University, Fullerton, graduated cum laude SUMMARY QUALIFICATIONS Mr. Simmons is a Registered Professional Archaeologist (RPA) and cross-trained paleontologist with extensive field experience in survey, monitoring, faunal analysis, and excavation. He exceeds the qualifications required by the Secretary of the Interior’s Standards and Guidelines for Archaeology and Historic Preservation. Further, he is certified in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and specializes in ESRI’s ArcGIS software. Mr. Simmons is well versed in CEQA and NHPA Section 106 compliance procedures and reporting. He has expertise in laboratory preparation and analysis gathered from internships at CSUF, volunteer experience at the Page Museum at the La Brea Tar Pits, and several projects conducted by Cogstone. He has over six years of experience in California Archaeology. SELECTED PROJECTS WECC Path 42, Southern California Edison, Riverside County, CA. Conducted a cultural resources records search and field survey for a 14.5 mile transmission line segment near Thousand Palms. Archaeological/ Paleontological Technician. 2011-2012 Eldorado-Ivanpah Transmission Project, Southern California Edison, Eldorado, NV to Ivanpah, CA. Performed paleontological monitoring for project that involves construction of 195 miles of new transmission lines and associated fiber optic lines across BLM and private lands. Paleontological Monitor. 2012-2013 Devers-Mirage 115 KV System Split Project, Southern California Edison, Riverside County, CA. Performed archaeological and paleontological monitoring during construction activities associated with maintaining and upgrading the electrical systems of Cathedral City, Indian Wells, Palm Desert, Palm Springs, Rancho Mirage, Thousand Palms and unincorp orated Riverside County. Archaeological/Paleontological Monitor. 2011-2012 Leatherneck Substation Project, Southern California Edison, San Bernardino County, CA. Prepared GIS maps for a cultural resources survey and subsequent survey report for ten pulling stations near Twenty-Nine Palms. GIS Technician. 2012 Equinox DSP – Rush Project, Southern California Edison, Riverside County, CA. Performed archaeological and paleontological monitoring during ground disturbing activities associated with construction of a power pole line near Menifee. Archaeological/Paleontological Monitor. 2011 Fogarty Substation, Southern California Edison, Riverside County, CA. Performed archaeological and paleontological monitoring during ground disturbing activities in Lake Elsinore. A historic glass fragment and prehistoric shells were recovered. Archaeological/Paleontological Monitor. 2010-2011 Daggett II, Southern California Edison, San Bernardino County, CA. Conducted archaeological and paleontological monitoring of construction activities of transmission towers and associated access roads for the 225-acre Human External Cargo Helicopter Training Facilities Project in Daggett. Archaeological/Paleontological Monitor. 2011 SR 99 Arboleda Drive Freeway Project, Caltrans District 10, Merced County, CA. Conducted paleontological resources monitoring, fossil recovery, and fossil preparation for a 5-mile segment. Prepared GIS report maps. Some 128 localities and 1,667 fossils recovered in five months of excavation for detention basins. Paleontology & GIS Technician. 2012 Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 77 LINDSAY PORRAS Cross-Trained Paleontologist/ Archaeologist Education 2004 B.A., Anthropology, Minor: Cultural Anthropology, University of Nevada, Reno Summary Qualifications Ms. Porras is a qualified archaeologist and cross-trained paleontologist with over four years of professional and academic experience. She has experience working on BLM lands in San Bernardino and Riverside Counties, Forest Service lands in the San Gabriel Mountains and many projects throughout southern California for Southern California Edison. Her experience includes large scale surveys, monitoring, excavations, artifact recovery and lab work. She has completed of intensive paleontological field training and has five years of experience as a dual monitor. Selected Projects WECC Path 42 Transmission Line Upgrades, Southern California Edison, Palm Springs area, Riverside County, CA. Conducting mitigation monitoring during construction for a 14.5 mile transmission line segment on BLM and private lands. Archaeological Monitor. 2014-2015 Fort Irwin, U.S. Army National Training Center/GSA Region 9, San Bernardino County, CA. Class III Cultural Resources Inventory Survey and National Register Evaluation of Archaeology Sites. Supervising cultural resources inventory of 10,372 acres. Conducting survey, site recording and site evaluation to Section 106 standards. 2015. Archaeology Technician. Sept 2014-ongoing High Desert Corridor/ SR 138 Widening Project, FHWA/Caltrans District 7, Los Angeles and San Bernardino Counties, CA. The project involves construction of a new, approximately 63-mile long, east-west freeway/expressway between SR 14 in Los Angeles County and SR 18 in San Bernardino County. Field pedestrian survey for Extended Phase I (XPI) Testing, subsurface testing of four archaeological sites in the Area of Potential Effects (APE), and lab work. Caltrans is the lead federal and state agency; compliance with Section 106 and CEQA required. Sub to Parsons Transportation Group. Archaeology Technician. 2014-2015 Perris Valley Line, Metrolink, Riverside County Transportation Commission, Riverside County, CA. The project is a 24-mile extension of the Metrolink 91 Line. Conducting paleontological and archaeological monitoring for construction of four new stations, upgrading associated track and utility relocations to extend the Metrolink connection from Riverside through Moreno Valley to Perris. Sub to HDR Engineering. Field Technician. 2013- ongoing Longboat Solar Photovoltaic, EDF Renewable Energy, Barstow and Lenwood, San Bernardino County, CA. Supported cultural resources Phase I and Extended Phase I studies for this ~235-acre site. Archaeological and paleontological resources records search, Sacred Lands search, NAHC consultation. Sub to Environmental Intelligence. Archaeologist. 2014 Sentinel Power Plant, Southern California Edison, Riverside County, CA. Performed archaeological and paleontological monitoring services during ground disturbing activities north of the City of Palm Springs. Archaeological/Paleontological Monitor. 2012 Devers-Mirage 115 KV System Split Project, Southern California Edison, Riverside County, CA. Performed cultural resources mitigation monitoring during ground disturbing activities for electrical systems upgrade in Cathedral City, Indian Wells, Palm Desert, Palm Springs, Rancho Mirage, Thousand Palms and unincorporated Riverside County. Archaeological Monitor. 2011 Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 78 DESIREÉ RENEÉ MARTINEZ Archaeologist EDUCATION 1999 M.A., Anthropology (Archaeology), Harvard University, Cambridge 1995 B.A., Anthropology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia SUMMARY QUALIFICATIONS Ms. Martinez is a qualified archaeologist with 20 years of experience in archaeological fieldwork, research, and curation. She has expertise in the planning, implementation, and completion of all phases of archaeological work and has participated in archaeological investigations as a crew member, tribal monitor, and principal researcher. She meets national standards in archaeology set by the Secretary of Interior’s Standards and Guidelines for Archaeology and Historic Preservation and the standards outlined in Attachment 1 to Caltrans Section 106 Programmatic Agreement with the FHWA. Her experience also includes compliance with CEQA, NEPA, NAGPRA, SB 18 and other cultural resource laws. In addition, Ms. Martinez has vast experience in lab analysis and museum collections management. Ms. Martinez also has extensive experience consulting with Native American leaders and community members in a variety of contexts. SELECTED PROJECTS High Desert Corridor/ SR-138 Widening Project, Caltrans District 7 On-Call (07A3145)/LA Metro, Los Angeles and San Bernardino Counties, CA. This project proposed by Caltrans and Metro involves construction of a new, approximately 63-mile long, east-west freeway/expressway and rail line between SR-14 in Los Angeles County and SR-18 in San Bernardino County. Phase II/III testing and data recovery at the three sites that will be directly impacted by the project. Analyzed lithic material. Compliance with Section 106 of the NHPA and CEQA are required. Sub to Parsons Transportation Group. Principal Archaeologist. 2015-ongoing Devers-Palos Verde 500 kV No. 2 Transmission Line Project, Southern California Edison, Devers Valley, Riverside County, CA. Provided regulatory oversight and project management regarding cultural and paleontological resources. This new transmission line connects several large-scale solar and conventional generation projects. Developed environmental compliance training to inform and guide construction and major capital project teams. Assisted in the preparation of the Historic Properties Treatment Plan. Provided environmental analyses and clearance documentation of project modifications during construction without delay to project. Oversaw the monitoring of sites along the Devers-Valley portion of the project. Collected extensive archaeological, ethnohistorical and historical information about the use and significance of Edom Hill, located in Desert Hot Springs, and the Lakeview Mountains, located in Lakeview, to the Southern California Native American tribes. Prepared evaluation reports of the hill and mountains for inclusion in the National Register of Historic Places as a Traditional Cultural Properties. Lead In-house Consultant Archaeologist. 2011- 2014 Devers-Mirage Project, Southern California Edison, Palm Springs, Riverside County, CA. Evaluated Garnet Hill (aka Hoon wit ten ca va), located in Palm Springs, for inclusion in the National Register of Historic Places as a Traditional Cultural Property. Collected extensive archaeological, ethnohistorical and historical information about the use and significance of the hill to the Cahuilla people. Documented findings in a written report and gave public presentations of results in a number of professional venues. In-house Consultant Archaeologist. 2011-2013 Sentinel Power Plant, Southern California Edison, Palm Springs, Riverside County, CA. Provided regulatory oversight and project management of cultural and paleontological resources. Provided cultural and paleontological assessment of the project area. Worked with generator’s consultants to ensure that SCE’s project scope was described accurately and reviewed by their environmental assessments and documents. Conducted cultural resources through supplemental pedestrian survey, and summarized findings in a written technical report. Created GIS shapefiles and maps delineating cultural resource boundaries and survey corridors. Oversaw cultural and paleontological resources monitoring during construction. In-house Consultant Archaeologist. April 2011-July 2013 Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project ASR 79 LYNN FURNIS, RPA Principal Architectural Historian EDUCATION 1999 M.A., Anthropology, University of Nevada, Reno 1972 B.A., Anthropology, University of California at Davis SUMMARY QUALIFICATIONS Ms. Furnis is a Registered Professional Archaeologist, historical archaeologist and architectural historian with 45 years of experience in the western United States. [California (15 years), Nevada (25 years) and Alaska]. She meets the qualifications required by the Secretary of the Interior’s Standards and Guidelines for Archaeology and Historic Preservation and the standards outlined in Attachment 1 to Caltrans Section 106 Programmatic Agreement with the FHWA; and Chapter 2 on cultural resources of the Caltrans Standard Environmental Reference (SER). Ms. Furnis is a skilled professional who is well-versed in the compliance procedures of CEQA, Section 106 of the NHPA and in working with a variety of federal, state, and local agencies. As an architectural historian, she has recorded hundreds of historic buildings and authored major architectural survey reports. Studies of built-environment resources include archival research, field investigation, significance criteria and determinations, assessment of impacts/effects, and management plans. She has experience evaluating and recommending historic properties for inclusion on the National Register of Historic Places and the California Register of Historical Resources. She has completed coursework in World Architecture, Anthropology of Architecture, Vernacular Architecture, and a workshop on The Identification of Mid-Twentieth Century Buildings. SELECTED PROJECTS Driscoll Ranch, Architectural Survey and Cultural Landscape Evaluation, Midpeninsula Regional Open Space District (MROSD), near La Honda, San Mateo County, CA. The MROSD is considering demolition of two houses and six barns and outbuildings within the La Honda Creek Open Space Preserve (Preserve). Evaluation of the buildings for historic significance was necessary before destructive action is planned or taken. Personally conducted the architectural survey, background research and authored the report. In compliance with the CEQA, and for inclusion in a supplemental IS/MND, Cogstone documented and evaluated 21 historic-age buildings and structures located at four ranches within a 3,649-acre project area. They were evaluated for historic significance and for potential eligibility for listing on the California Register of Historic Places. Principal Architectural Historian. 2016 High Desert Corridor/ SR 138 Widening Project, FHWA/Caltrans Districts 7 & 8, Los Angeles and San Bernardino Counties, CA. The project is a 63 mile corridor for a new freeway. A principal architectural historian conducted research, visited sites and prepared a Historic Resources Evaluation Report (HRER). Subsequently contributed to an Extended Phase I (XPI) Testing Proposal and its implementation. As lead historic archaeologist, directed subsurface testing of 16 archaeological sites. Also conducted research, wrote histories, and made NRHP recommendations for 16 historical archaeological sites. Sub to Parsons Transportation Group. Principal Historical Archaeologist & Architectural Historian. 2014-2015 Historical Sites Preservation, Veterans Affairs Long Beach Healthcare System, Long Beach, Los Angeles County, CA. The project was a campus wide built environment evaluation. Cogstone reviewed prior reports and site records, and updated survey and evaluation of 19 buildings. Cogstone’s review of prior documents and updated building survey resulted in the findings that six historic-age buildings at Site P19-187656 had been determined not eligible for the NRHP in 2006, that one more was determined to be not eligible in 2013, and that six additional buildings previously evaluated had not been reviewed by SHPO. Thirteen buildings were newly recorded and evaluated by Cogstone. not previously recorded on site forms or evaluated would be directly or indirectly impacted by the proposed projects. SHPO concurred that no buildings were eligible for the National Register. Architectural Historian. 2013-14 80 APPENDIX B. PREVIOUS CULTURAL RESOURCES STUDIES 81 Previous Cultural Resources Investigations within a One-Mile Radius of APE Author Report Number (RI-) Report Title Date McWilliams, Steven R. 22 The Occupation of the Shoreline of Ancient Lake Cahuilla, Paper 1 1970 McManus, James A. and Charles W. McManis, Jr. 196 Environmental Impact Evaluation: Expected Impact on Archaeological Resources, Indian Wells Mobile Home Estates, Riverside County, California 1976 Berryman, Stanley R. 213 Archaeological Investigation of the Evacuation Channel 1977 Salpas, Jean A. and Riverside, CA 263 An Archaeological Assessment of 9.5 Acres of Land in La Quinta 1980 Lipp, Don 265 Environmental Impact Evaluation: Archaeological Assessment of Washington Square Development, Indian Wells, Riverside County, California 1977 Bowles, Larry L. 333 Environmental Assessment - Near La Quinta, Coachella Valley 1978 Swenson, James D. 495 Letter Report: Archaeological Assessment of a 20 Acre Parcel Due East of Indian Wells Mobile Home Estates and Directly North of Avenue 48 1978 Bowles, Larry L. and Jean A. Salpas 559 Archaeological Assessment of Tentative Tract 14,105 1979 Brown, Mary A. 579 Cultural Resource Assessment for the Desert Palace Project, Tentative Tract 13986, Near Indio, Riverside County, California 1979 Apple, Steven A. 580 An Archaeological Assessment of the Bermuda Dunes Property Tract 13986 Indio, Riverside County, California 1980 McCarthy, Daniel F. 581 Reevaluation of Archaeological Sites CA-Riv-1769, 3667, and 3668 Recorded on Tentative Tract 24035, Located Near Indian Wells in Riverside County, California 1989 Arkush, Brooke S. 582 Archaeological Investigations at CA-RIV-1769, CA- RIV-3667, and CA-RIV-3795, Tentative Tract 24197, La Quinta, Central Riverside County, California 1990 Lando, Richard 652 Cultural Resources Reconnaissance (Stage II) of Flood Control Alternatives for the Whitewater River Basin, Riverside County, California 1979 Brewer, Christina 762 An Archaeological Survey of a One-Acre Parcel for De Bonne Ranch Management, County of Riverside, California, May 1980 1980 Bowles, Larry and Jean A. Salpas 796 An Archaeological Assessment of Parcel 14788 1980 82 Author Report Number (RI-) Report Title Date Brock, James and Brenda D. Smith 945 Phase I and Phase II Archaeological Assessments for the Proposed Monticello Project, West Side of Jefferson Street Between Fred Warning Drive and Avenue, La Quinta, California 2000 Davis, Alan and Steven Bouscaren 998 Environmental Impact Evaluation: An Archaeological Assessment of an Unnumbered Tract on the West Side of Indio, Riverside County, California 1980 Hogan, Michael 1033 Cultural Resource Assessment : Case Number PUP 91- 009, City of La Quinta, Riverside County, California 1991 Love, Bruce and Bai "Tom" Tang 1034 Cultural Resources Report: First School of the Desert, At Adams Street and Miles Avenue, City of La Quinta, Riverside County, California 1999 Salpas, Jean A. 1080 An Archaeological Assessment of Tract 16450 1980 Salpas, Jean A. 1081 An Archaeological Assessment of Tract 16449 1980 Arkush, Brooke S. 1082 Archaeological Investigations at CA-RIV-2200 and CA- RIV-3683 Tentative Tract 23995, La Quinta, Central Riverside County, California 1990 Chace, Paul G. 1083 Archaeological Assessment Report, The RIV-3866 Site, City of La Quinta, Tentative Tract No. 23995, Riverside County, California 1994 Chace, Paul G., and Charles E. Reeves 1084 Report of an Archaeological Monitoring Program for the Reunion Residential Project, Tract 23995-1, City of La Quinta 1994 Brock, James 1085 Report on Archaeological Monitoring for the Siena del Rey Project (Tract 23995, Phases 6-10), La Quinta, California 2000 Bowles, Larry L. 1263 Archaeological Assessment of La Quinta 1981 Salpas, Jean A. 1490 An Archaeological Assessment of Tract 19903 1984 Salpas, Jean A. and L.L. Bowles 1491 An Archaeological Assessment of Tract 13494 1979 Bowles, Larry L. 1654 An Archaeological Assessment for TPM 18983, Parcel No. 808-083-004 1983 Salpas, Jean A. 1772* An Archaeological Assessment of Tract 19987 1984 Salpas, Jean A. 1795 An Archaeological Assessment of Tract 20017 1984 Salpas, Jean A. 1798 An Archaeological Assessment of Tract 20016 1984 Swope, Karen K. 1799 An Archaeological Assessment of a Portion of Tentative Tract 25953, Located Near Bermuda Dunes in Riverside County, California 1990 Salpas, Jean A. 1800 An Archaeological Assessment of 10 Acres in La Quinta, Riverside County - Family Heritage Church Plot Plan 1984 83 Author Report Number (RI-) Report Title Date McCarthy, Daniel F. 1862 An Archaeological Assessment of Approximately 6 Acres of Land Near of Land Near Washington Street and Highway 111 in La Quinta, Riverside County California 1984 Swenson, James D. 2009 An Archaeological Assessment of the Washington Square Property, City of La Quinta, Riverside County, California 1985 De Munck, Victor 2090 Environmental Impact Evaluation: An Archaeological Assessment of Tentative Parcel 22200, Terwilliger Valley Area of Riverside County, California 1987 Salpas, Jean A. 2373 Mitigation of the Archaeological Site CA-RIV-150, Locus E Cultural Resources Located on Parcel 613-413- 013 1981 McCarthy, Daniel F. 2501 Final Results of Archaeological Excavations at Site CA- RIV-2196, Recorded on Tentative Tract 24230, Located in the City of La Quinta, Central Riverside County, California 1990 Brown, Joan C. 2503 Cultural Resources Reconnaissance of Tentative Tract 24517 (37 + Acres) and Tentative Tract 24208 (20 Acres) in the City of La Quinta, Riverside County, California 1989 Brown, Joan C. 2504 Cultural Resources Reconnaissance of Tentative Tract No.24517 (37 Acres), Tentative Tract No. 25290 (10 Acres) and Tentative Tract No. 24208 (20 Acres) in the City of La Quinta, Riverside County, California 1990 Bissell, Ronald 2505 Monitor's Report on Williams Development: Rancho Ocotillo, La Quinta 1990 Keller, Jean S. 2508 An Archaeological Assessment of Tentative Parcel Map No. 24469, Riverside County, California 1989 McCarthy, Daniel F. 2604 An Archaeological Assessment of the Alta Survey Washington Plaza, Located in the City of La Quinta in Riverside County, California 1989 Arkush, Brooke S. 2605 Archaeological Assessment of the Cal Trans Right of Way North of Highway 111 Associated with Washington Plaza Project 1990 Yohe, Robert M. 2606 Archaeological Investigations at Five Sites Located at One Eleven La Quinta Center in the City of La Quinta, Central Riverside County, California 1990 De Munck, Victor C. 2681 A Cultural Resource Assessment of Tentative Tract 24950, Located in the City of La Quinta, Riverside County, California 1989 Macko, Michael E. 3362 Archaeological Resource Assessment of Outdoor Resorts' Recreational Vehicle Park, Tract 26417, City of Indio, Riverside County, California 1991 84 Author Report Number (RI-) Report Title Date Everson, Dicken 3479 Cultural Resources Assessment, La Quinta Center, City of La Quinta, Coachella Valley, Riverside County, California 1992 Love, Bruce and Bai Tom Tang 3480 Cultural Resources Evaluation Report: Stamko Development Co. Project Site at the Intersection of SR 111 and Adams Street in the City of La Quinta, Riverside County, California 1997 Love, Bruce 3481 Archaeological Monitoring Report: La Quinta Auto Mall Parcels 1, 2, and 3, City of La Quinta, Riverside County, California 1999 Love, Bruce and Harry Quinn 3482 Archaeological Monitoring During Mass Grading: La Quinta Auto Centre Project, Parcels 1-6 and a Portion of Parcel 7, Parcel Map 28525-2, City of La Quinta, Riverside County, California 2000 Hogan, Michael, D. Everson, and S. Moffitt 3577 Cultural Resources Report, Archaeological Monitoring at Sites CA-RIV-2200 and CA-RIV-3679, and a Portion of Site CA-RIV-3683, One Eleven La Quinta Center, City of La Quinta, Riverside County, California 3577 Brock, James 3804 A Cultural Resources Assessment of Tracts 26188, 25363, and 27899, City of La Quinta, California 1995 Brock, James and Max Davidson 3805 Report on Archaeological Monitoring of Rough Grading of Tract 26188 and a Portion of Tract 25363, City of La Quinta, California 1995 Hall, M.C. 3806 Letter Report: Archaeological Monitoring of the San Borrow Pit Excavations 1995 Brock, James and Brenda D. Smith 3807 Report on Archaeological Monitoring of Tracts 23935-4 (Western Portion), 23935-6, 23935-Final, 25363-1 and 27899, City of La Quinta, County of Riverside, California 1996 Brock, James 3808 Report on Archaeological Monitoring of the Remaining Portion of Tract 25363-1 and Two Borrow Areas in Tract 27899, City of La Quinta, County of Riverside, California 1996 Brock, James 3809 Report on Archaeological Monitoring of Tracts 27899 and 25363-2 Del Rey at La Quinta Norte Project, La Quinta, California 1998 Brock, James 3915 Archaeology of the Tom Weiskopf Signature Course, PGA West, La Quinta, California, Specific Plan 90-017 1995 Smith, Brian F. and Larry J. Pierson 3930 An Archaeological Survey of the Desert Sands Unified School District Educational Services Center Project, La Quinta, County of Riverside, California 1996 Love, Bruce and Bai Tom Tang 3976 Cultural Resources Survey Report, Lapis Development, APN 649-030-014, City of La Quinta, Riverside County, California 1996 85 Author Report Number (RI-) Report Title Date Love, Bruce 3977 Cultural Resources Assessment Report, Phase II: Archaeological Testing and Site Evaluation, Site CA- RIV-5832, on Lapis Energy Property, APN 649-030-014, City of La Quinta, Riverside County, California 1996 Love, Bruce 3978 Archaeological Mitigation Report Site CA-RIV-5832, on Lapis Energy Property APN 649-030-014, City of La Quinta Riverside County, California 1997 Mouriquand, Leslie J. 3990 Archaeological Investigation of the Dune Palms Road Borrow Site, La Quinta, California 1995 Brock, James 3998 Heritage Resource Assessment for the Extension of Avenue 48 Between Jefferson Street and the Emergency Evacuation Channel, City of La Quinta, California 1997 Chase, Paul G. and Charles E. Reeves 4002 A Cultural Resources Survey of the Proposed Tract for the Home Depot, City of La Quinta 1996 Chace, Paul G. and Charles E. Reeves 4004 An Archaeological Survey of the Two Parcels at Highway 111 and Adams Street, City of La Quinta 1996 Brock, James 4046 Cultural Resources Assessment for a Proposed Sticjouke Site North of Avenue 28 Between Jefferson Street and the Emergency Evacuation Channel, City of La Quinta, California 1997 Brock, James 4047 Cultural Resources Assessment for the Widening of Adams Street from Avenue 48 North 1000 Feet, City of La Quinta, California 1997 Demcak, Carol R. 4050 Archaeological Assessment of 40-Acre Parcel in La Quinta (La Quinta Quad), Riverside County, California 1997 Mouriquand, Leslie 4054 A Cultural Resources Survey and Assessment of the Adams Street Extension Project and Borrow Site, City of La Quinta, Riverside County, California 1997 Brock, James and Brenda D. Smith 4100 Cultural Resources Assessment for Tentative Tract 27519, La Quinta, California 1998 Alexandrowicz, John Stephen, Richard A. Kautkramer, and Terry L. Bell Jr. 4155 Late Prehistoric Campsites in the Vicinity of Lake Cahuilla: A Cultural Resources Identification Project at the Indian Springs Country Club 1999 Love, Bruce, Michael Hogan, Harry Quinn, and Kathryn Wright Bouscaren 4183 Interim Cultural Resources Report: Archaeological Testing and Evaluation Program, the Manning Property, APN 049-020-006, City of La Quinta, Riverside County, California 2000 Love, Harry M. Quinn, Thomas A. Wake, Wendy G. Teeter, Kathryn J. W. Bouscaren, and Michael Hogan 4184* Final Report on Archaeological Testing at La Quinta Corporate Center, Highway 111 and Dunes Palms Road, La Quinta, Riverside County, California 2000 86 Author Report Number (RI-) Report Title Date White, Robert S. and Laurie S. White 4185 An Archaeological Assessment of Tentative Tract 25619, A 10+ Acre Parcel Located Adjacent to Miles Avenue, City of La Quinta, Riverside County 1998 Love, Bruce, Bai "Tom" Tang, and Harry M. Quinn 4192 Cultural Resources Report: La Quinta Corporate Centre Located at Highway 111 and Dune Palms Road, La Quinta, Riverside 1999 Love, Bruce and Harry M. Quinn 4194 Interim Cultural Resources Report: Testing and Evaluations of CA-RIV-2936 Hotel III Project Site, Highway 111 and Adams Street City of La Quinta, Riverside County, California 1998 Love, Bruce, Harry Quinn, Thomas A. Wake and Michael Hogan 4195 Final Report on Archaeological Testing at Site CA-RIV- 2936, Hotel 111 Project, Highway 111 and Adams Street, City of La Quinta, Riverside County, California 2000 Brock, James and Brenda D. Smith 4266 Phase I Archaeological Assessment of 54.65 Acres at the Southeast Corner of Washington Street and Miles Avenue, La Quinta, California 1999 Sawyer, William A. and James Brock 4267 Report on Archaeological Monitoring of Dune Removal Pertaining to Tract 23995, Phase 5, Desert Pride Redevelopment, City of La Quinta, California 1999 Brock, James, William A. Sawyer, and Brenda D. Smith 4303 Phase II Test Investigation at CA-RIV-6376, Tract 23995 (Sienna Del Rey), La Quinta, California 2000 Brock, James, Brenda D. Smith, and Thomas A. Wake 4304 Investigations at the Burning Dune Site (CA-RIV-4754), La Quinta, California, AAG Monograph 1 1999 Brock, James 4306* Cultural Resources Assessment for Tentative Tract 29563, La Quinta, California, (Aliso 2 Project) 1999 Brock, James and Brenda D. Smith 4308 Phase II Archaeological Investigations of Westward Ho Park, City of La Quinta, California 2000 Love, Bruce, Harry M. Quinn, Daniel Ballester, and Kathryn Bouscaren 4329* Archaeological Monitoring at Sites CA-RIV-2936 and CA-RIV-6190, Hotel 111 and La Quinta Corporate Centre Project, City of La Quinta, Riverside County, California 2000 Love, Bruce, Harry M. Quinn, Thomas A. Wake, Wendy G. Teeter, Michael Hogan, and Kathryn Bouscaren 4330* Final Report on Data Recovery at the Burial Locus of CA-RIV-2936, La Quinta Corporate Centre Project, La Quinta, Riverside County, California 2000 Brock, James 4396* Cultural Resources Assessment for APN 640-040-013, La Quinta, California 2001 Love, Bruce, Bai "Tom" Tang, Mariam Dahdul, and Harry M. Quinn 4406 Historical/Archaeological Resources Survey Report, Palm Desert National Bank Site, City of La Quinta, Riverside County, California 2000 87 Author Report Number (RI-) Report Title Date Wlodarski, Robert J. 4467 A Phase I Archaeological Study for a Proposed Senior Housing Project Located on the Southwest Corner of 47th Street and Adams Street, City of La Quinta, Riverside County, California 2001 Brock, James 4494 Report on Archaeological Monitoring for the Aliso I (Tract 27519) and Aliso II (Tract 29563) Projects, La Quinta, California 2001 Tuma, Michael W. and Brian F. Smith 4505 A Cultural Resources Study for the McAllister Hills Golf and Country Club Specific Plan 2000 Bissell, Ronald M. 4580 Data Recovery Excavations at Archaeological Site CA- RIV-6225 on the Indian Springs County Club Property, Indio, Riverside County, California 2000 Brock, James and Brenda D. Smith-Patten 4751 Buried in the Dunes: Archaeological Identification and Preservation at the Miraflores Project, La Quinta, California 2004 Glenn, Brian K. 4782 National Register of Historic Places Eligibility Evaluation of CA-RIV-2195, City of La Quinta, Riverside County, California 2002 McKenna et al. 5037* Historic Resources Compliance Report: Highway 111 Corridor Improvements. Adams Street to Jefferson Street, City of La Quinta, Riverside County, California 2005 Dice, Michael and Marnie Aislin-Kay 5178 Phase I Cultural Resource Survey for the Koar Project Footprint APN No. 291-040-039, -040, -041, and 291- 480-004 City of Riverside, California 2004 Jackson, Adrianna 5226 Cultural Resources Assessment for Sprint PCS Facility RV54XC487B (Storage USA) La Quinta, Riverside County, CA 2001 Jackson, Adrianna 5227 Records Search Results for Sprint PCS Facility RV54XC487B (Storage USA), La Quinta, Riverside County, CA 2001 Love, Bruce and Thomas Wake 5424 Final Report: Archaeological Mitigation of Project Effects to a Native American Cremation Found on Parcel Map No. 26860, Southwest Corner of Washington Street and Miles Avenue, City of La Quinta, Riverside County, CA 2001 Love, Bruce and Mariam Dahdul 5425 Archaeological Monitoring Report, Miles Avenue Borrow Site, Near the Intersection of Washington Street and Miles Avenue, City of La Quinta, Riverside County, CA 2001 Parker, Greig, Karina Hankins, and Christopher Drover 5561 La Quinta Family Apartments Cultural Resources Survey 2003 88 Author Report Number (RI-) Report Title Date White, Robert S. and Laura S. White 5637 A Cultural Resources Assessment of the 20-Acre Palm Desert Rock Surface Mine Expansion Area Located North of Fargo Canyon Road Near the Indio Hills, Riverside County 2000 Love, Bruce, Mariam Dahdul, Thomas Wake, Harry Quinn, Richard Norwood, and Kathryn Bouscaren 5845 Final Report on Archaeological Testing, Mitigation, and Monitoring, Sites CA-RIV-3659 and -6385, Point Happy Commercial Development, APNS 604-050-002, and - 035, Washington Street and Highway 111, City of La Quinta, Riverside County, CA 2001 Love, Bruce, Bai "Tom" Tang, Daniel Ballester, and Mariam Dahdul 5887 Historical/Archaeological Resources Survey Report, Proposed Fire Station on Adams Street, in the City of La Quinta, Riverside County, California 2002 Love, Bruce, Bai Tang, Daniel Ballester, and Mariam Dahdul 5915 Historical/Archaeological Resources Survey Report, Washington Park Project, in the City of La Quinta, Riverside County, CA 2002 Hogan, Michael 5938 Archaeological Field Inspection and On-Site Monitoring, 78-900 Avenue 47 Near Adams Street, City of La Quinta, Riverside County, CA 2003 Raschkow, Wanda 6078 CC Meyers Road Rehabilitation Project Review and Statistical Summary 2003 Wlodarski, Robert J. 6090 Letter Report: Records Search and Field Reconnaissance Results for Nextel Telecommunications Wireless Site CA5321A-Rancho La Quinta (Walgreens) Located at 47900 Washington Street, La Quinta, Riverside County, California 2005 Tang, Bai, Michael Hogan, and Josh Smallwood 6207 Historical/Archaeological Resources Survey Report, The Alley Center, City of Indio, Riverside County, California 2004 Tang, Bai, Michael Hogan, Casey Tibbet, and Daniel Ballester 6224 Historical/Archaeological Resources Survey Report, Tentative Tract Map 32135, in the City of Indio, Riverside County, California 2004 Hogan, Michael 6352 Letter Report: Archaeological Monitoring of Grading Activities, Capitol Improvement Project No. 2002-09, City of La Quinta, Riverside County, California 2004 Tang, Bai, Michael Hogan, Matthew Wetherbee, and Daniel Ballester 6374 Historical/Archaeological Resources Survey Report, Windfarm Expansion Project, City of Desert Hot Springs, Riverside County, California 2005 Tang, Bai, Michael Hogan, Deirdre Encarnacion, and John Eddy 6419* Historical/Archaeological Resources Survey Report, Assessor's Parcel No. 166-070-022, 5190 Agate Street, Jurupa, Unincorporated Area, Riverside County, CA 2004 Hogan, Michael, Bai Tang, Josh Smallwood, and Daniel Ballester 6436 Historical/Archaeological Resource Survey Report: Jefferson Medical Park, City of Indio, Riverside County, California 2004 89 Author Report Number (RI-) Report Title Date Hogan, Michael, Bai "Tom" Tang, Josh Smallwood, Daniel Ballester, Harry M. Quinn, Mariam Dahdul, and Juliana Gay 6621 Archaeological Mitigation and Data Recovery Report: Site 33-5233 (CA-RIV-5233), AONS 649-250-003, -004, and -005, City of Indio, Riverside County, California 2006 Hogan, Michael, Bai "Tom" Tang, and Josh Smallwood 6622 Archaeological Monitoring Report: Tentative Tract Nos. 28119 and 30834, City of La Quinta, Riverside County, California 2005 Billat, Scott 6639 Collocation ("CO") Submission Packet FCC Form 621, Brookstone 2006 Hogan, Michael 6656 Letter Report: Archaeological and Paleontological Monitoring of Earth-Moving Activities, 79-315 Highway 111, Sam's Club, APN 600-020-008, City of La Quinta, Riverside County, California 2007 Harris, Nina M. 6783 Results of a Cultural Resources Phase I Survey for the Costco Project, City of La Quinta, California 2005 Fulton, Terri 7193 Cultural Resource Assessment: Cingular Wireless, Facility No. SB 388-01, Hemet, Riverside County, California 2004 Goodman, John D. II and Leslie J. Mouriquand 7358 Phase II Testing and Data Recovery at the Hammer Property City of La Quinta, Riverside County, California 2005 Mouriquand, Leslie J. and Goodman, John D. 7424 Phase I Cultural Resources Investigation of 27.7 Acres Located North of Avenue 48 and West of Dune Palms Road Within Section 29, Township 5 South, Range 7 East, SBBM, City of La Quinta, Riverside County, California 2004 Wetherbee, Matthew 7675 Letter Report: Archaeological Monitoring of the Coachella Valley Housing Coalition Project, a 14.8 Acre Parcel Located in the City of La Quinta, Riverside County, California 2008 Encarnacion, Dierdre, and Michael Hogan 7777* Historical/Archaeological Resources Survey Report: Assessor's Parcel No. 600-030-018, City of La Quinta, Riverside County, California 2008 Hogan, Michael 7780 Letter Report: Archaeological and Paleontological Monitoring of Earth-Moving Activities Tentative Parcel Map No. 34855 City of La Quinta, Riverside County, California 2008 Gust, Sherri 7781 Cultural Resources Monitoring Report for the Komar Desert Project, La Quinta, California 2008 Tang, Bai "Tom" and Terri Jacquemain 7805 Cultural Resources Survey Report The Museum Market Plaza Project Downtown Area, City of Palm Springs, Riverside County, California 2008 90 Author Report Number (RI-) Report Title Date Eddy, John J., Miriam Dahdul, Harry M. Quinn, and Matthew Wetherbee 7881* Final Cultural Resources Report: Archaeological Testing and Evaluation of Site CA-RIV-8835 (33-16950), Assessor's Parcel No. 600-030-018, City of La Quinta, Riverside County, California 2008 Bodmer, Clarence 7918 Archaeological Monitoring Report: Centre at La Quinta, Assessor's Parcel No. 649-030-034, City of La Quinta, Riverside County, California 2008 Tang, Bai "Tom" 7919 Historical/Archaeological Resources Survey Report: La Quinta Redevelopment Agency Dune Palms Specific Plan, City of La Quinta, Riverside County, California 2008 Tang, Bai "Tom" 7936 Letter Report: Addendum to Historical/Archaeological Resources Survey Report, Mon/Salt Creek Village Project, Assessor's Parcel No. 333-200-042, near the Community of Menifee, Riverside County 2008 Love, Bruce 8115* Letter Report: Archaeological Monitoring of Earth- Moving Activities The USA Station #852 Project City of La Quinta, Riverside County, California 2001 Smallwood, Josh 8213 Archaeological Monitoring Report: Jefferson Square Project, Jefferson Street and Fred Waring Drive, City of La Quinta, Riverside County, California 2009 Case, Robert and Richard Carrico 8450 Cultural Resources Survey for the proposed Morongo Recreational Vehicle Park, Riverside County, California 1996 Bonner, Wayne H. and Marnie Aislin-Kay 8580 Letter Report: Cultural Resource Records Search and Site Visit Results for T-Mobile USA Facility Candidate IE25790-A (Family Heritage Church) 2010 Keller, Jean A. 8676* Phase I Cultural Resources Assessment of General Plan Amendment 1099 2010 George, Joan and Vanessa Mirro 8818 Phase I Cultural Resources Assessment for the Jefferson Street Grade Control and Sewer Replacement Project 2012 Tang, Bai "Tom" and Michael Hogan 8932 Historical/Archaeological Resources Survey Report, Jefferson Street Apartment Complex, Assessor's Parcel No. 600-020-006, City of Indio, Riverside County, California 2013 Ballester, Daniel 9001 Re: Historical/Archaeological Monitoring Program, The La Quinta Retirement Residence Project; APNs 604-630- 056 and -057, In the City of La Quinta, Riverside County, California, CRM TECH Contract No. 2733 2014 Tang, Bai "Tom" and Michael Hogan 9015 Final Report on Archaeological Monitoring of Earth Moving Activities, St. Francis of Assisi Church Property Upgrading, City of La Quinta, Riverside County, California 2013 91 Author Report Number (RI-) Report Title Date Smith, Brian F. and Jennifer R. Kraft 9147 Cultural Resources Monitoring Report for the Coral Mountain Apartments Project, City of La Quinta, California 2013 *Indicates report contains all or a portion of the APE 92 APPENDIX C. CONFIDENTIAL MAPS AND DOCUMENTS 93 Figure Appendix C-1. Aerial Showing the APE and Construction Limits 94 Figure Appendix C-2. Aerial Showing Construction Fill and Excavation Depths 95 Figure Appendix C-3. Trench Section Typical DRP Bridge Sewer 96 Figure Appendix C-4. Aerial Showing the Previously Recorded Sites within the APE 97 Figure Appendix C-5. Aerial Showing Testing Locations Conducted by CRM Tech in 2008 98 Figure Appendix C-6. Locations of Granite Mano and P-33-16950 (CA-RIV-8835) 99 Figure Appendix C-7. Aerial Image of the Location of Artifacts Identified During the Cultural Resources Survey 100 Table Appendix C-1. CRM Tech Artifact Catalogue from 2008 Excavations 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 APPENDIX D. SITE RECORDS State of California The Resources Agency Primary # P-33-16950 DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI# CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial CA-RIV-8835 Page 1 of 7 *Resource Name or # P-33-16950 CRM Tech first recorded site P-33-16950 16950 (CA-RIV-8835) during Phase I survey in February 2008. At that time, the site was recorded as a prehistoric scatter of daub, ceramic sherds, and fire affected rock. Significance and the vertical extent of the site could not be determined and CRM Tech recommended a testing and evaluation program (Eddy et al. 2008). In April of 2008, CRM Tech conducted a Phase II testing and evaluation program. The Phase II study was conducted with the purpose of determining the historical significance of the site according to guidelines established by the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA). The CRM Tech study consisted of a re-survey of the site, surface collection of artifacts, and multiple excavations. Testing included the hand excavation of 8 test units (TUs) measuring 1meter by 1 meter (m) or 1 m by 2 m, twenty-three 50 centimeter (cm) by 50 cm shovel test pits (STPs), as well as two backhoe excavated trenches measuring 10 m by 2 m and three 2 m by 1 m backhoe excavated pits. The TUs were excavated to a 100 cm below ground surface (cmbs), the STP depth ranged from 50 to 100 cmbs, while the backhoe trenches and pits were excavated to 150-250cmbs. The depth of the RUs ranged from 20 to 40 cmbs. Survey and excavation resulted in the recovery of approximately 2651 artifacts the majority of which consisted of daub/fire affected clay, rock, and faunal remains. Sixty-four ceramic sherds, 15 lithic artifacts, three groundstone fragments, and 10 shell fragments were also recovered. Importantly, 88 specimens were positively identified as human and an additional 83 specimens identified as probable human. The human remains were the result of a cremation burial and were poorly preserved. CRM Tech determined that the site as a whole did not meet CEQA significance criteria: therefore, it did not qualify as a historical resource. However, CRM Tech noted that the area containing the cremation burial retains a high degree of traditional cultural value to the local Native American community and therefore meets CEQA criteria as a historical resource (Eddy et al. 2008:45; Ballester and Eddy 2008:3). In December of 2014, Lindsay Porras, an archaeologist with Cogstone Resource Management (Cogstone), conducted archeological survey of portions of parcels 600-030-018 and 600-010-009 as part of the Dune Palms Road Low-water Crossing Replacement Project proposed by Caltrans and the City of La Quinta. The survey resulted in the documentation of a light ceramic scatter directly northwest of the recorded boundaries of site P-33-16950. The scatter included seven brownware sherds as well as one chert secondary flake. The presence of the ceramic scatter in the close proximity to P-33-16950 necessitated a northwesterly expansion of the site’s boundaries. This expansion contains an area of 2180.82 square meters, of which 258 are within parcel 600-010-009. None of the artifacts were collected during the survey. Although Cogstone identified cultural material on the surface and extended the boundary of P-33-16950 (CA-RIV- 8835) to include the material, it was evident that extensive ground disturbance had occurred. As a result, it was not clear if there was intact subsurface cultural matrix within the new extended boundary or if the material was being brought into the area by previous grading, disking, utility installation and/or construction activities. Additional research was conducted in order to understand to what extent previous disturbances within APN 600-030- 018 may have affected the distribution of cultural materials from P-33-16950 (CA-RIV-8835). Cogstone reviewed the Coachella Valley Stormwater Channel Plan and Profile and the Off-site Improvement Plan for the La Quinta Corporate Centre, both provided by the City of La Quinta. Additionally, aerial photography available on Google Earth was reviewed. The Whitewater River was channelized by the Coachella Valley County Water District (CVCWD) in order to better manage storm water run-off (CVCWD 1971). This included the building up of the dirt side walls with portions of the walls concreted over. With the building of the Jefferson Plaza Shopping Center to the east of APN 600-030-018 sometime between 2006 and 2009, the concreted walls of the channel were extended west. Ground disturbance also occurred along the western edge of the APN 600-030-018 when Dune Palms Road was extended north from Highway 111 between 1996 and 2002 (Figures 15 & 16). In 2000, 8” and 12” vitrified clay pipes (VCP) for a sewer line were installed for the La Quinta Corporate Centre located across the street on the west side of Dune Palms Road. The VCP sewer line was placed approximately 20 feet south of the storm water channel. This included excavation from 7ft to 14 ft below surface (La Quinta Corporate Centre 2000). With the new information obtained about prior disturbances, Martinez revisited APN 600-030-018 on June 23, 2015 to further investigate the ground disturbance, to relocate the artifacts identified in the initial survey and assess whether the artifacts were in a primary context. *Recorded by: Lindsey Porras *Date: 12/29/2014 Continuation Update DPR 523L (1/95) State of California The Resources Agency Primary # P-33-16950 DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI# CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial CA-RIV-8835 Page 2 of 7 *Resource Name or # P-33-16950 The ceramic scatter located at GPS point B by Porras was re-identified and collected (20150623DRM12). Martinez and Porras used different GPS units to collect UTM coordinates which resulted in a 5 ft error. As a result Martinez cannot verify that the ceramic pieces collected were the same ones identified at GPS point A. Martinez also collected 56 brownware ceramic sherds and 1 shaped ceramic artifact in order to get a sampling of the types of ceramics within the scatter in the expanded site boundaries. Also collected were 25 fire-hardened clay pieces, which at the time were thought to be fired daub. CRM Tech (Eddy et al. 2008) cataloged similar items as daub/fire affected clay (FAC) during their testing phase. All of the artifacts were located on sediments described as silty fine-grained sand with 10 percent pebbles and granules. In 2008, CRM Tech estimated the area of P-33-16950 at 3690 square meters. In December of 2014, Cogstone measured the area utilizing ArcGIS and found the original estimate to be in error. The area of the site as recorded in February of 2008 equaled 9255m2. The updated boundaries of April 2008 equaled 9987m2. The area of the site with the 2014 update totals 12168m2. The site was not evaluated for its eligibility for listing in the National Register of Historic Places or the California Register of Historical Resources. Subsurface testing in the extension area is required to make the determination. References Cited: Ballester, Daniel and John Eddy 2008 State of California—The Resources Agency: Department of Parks and Recreation: Continuation Sheet: P-33- 16950 (Update). On file, Eastern Information Center, University of California Riverside. Coachella Valley Water District 1971 C.V. Stormwater Channel Plan 8: Profile. DWG No. 10,521-8. Eddy, John J., Mariam Dahdul, Harry M. Quinn, Matthew Wetherbee 2008 Final Cultural Resources Report: Archaeological Testing and Evaluation of site CA-RIV-8835 (33-16950), Assessor's Parcel No. 600-030-018, City of La Quinta, Riverside County, California. On file, Eastern Information Center, University of California, Riverside. La Quinta Corporate Centre 2000 Construction Plans for the Off-Site Sewer Improvement Project. DWG No. SW571103 *Recorded by: Lindsey Porras *Date: 12/29/2014 Continuation Update DPR 523L (1/95) *Required information State of California The Resources Agency Primary # P-33-16950 DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI# CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial CA-RIV-8835 Page 3 of 7 *Resource Name or # P-33-16950 *Recorded by: Lindsey Porras *Date: 12/29/2014 Continuation Update DPR 523L (1/95) *Required information State of California The Resources Agency Primary # P-33-16950 DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI# CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial CA-RIV-8835 Page 4 of 7 *Resource Name or # P-33-16950 East side of Dune Palms at north boundary of parcel 600030018; pottery shard side A; facing north East side of Dune Palms at south end of parcel 600010009; pottery shard side A; facing north East side of Dune Palms; pottery shard concentration; rim shard profile; parcel 600030018; facing north East side of Dune Palms; closeup of pottery shard concentration with one chert flake; parcel 600030018; facing north *Recorded by: Lindsey Porras *Date: 12/29/2014 Continuation Update DPR 523L (1/95) *Required information State of California The Resources Agency Primary # P-33-16950 DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI# CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial CA-RIV-8835 Page 5 of 7 *Resource Name or # P-33-16950 Catalog No. 20150623DRM09, Close-up of Fire Hardened Clay Piece, collected on June 23, 2015 Catalog No. 20150623DRM13, Two Brownware Sherds, collected on June 23, 2015 Ceramic Sherds Collected at 20150623DRM06, on June 23, 2015 *Recorded by: Lindsey Porras *Date: 12/29/2014 Continuation Update DPR 523L (1/95) *Required information State of California The Resources Agency Primary # P-33-16950 DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI# CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial CA-RIV-8835 Page 6 of 7 *Resource Name or # P-33-16950 *Recorded by: Lindsey Porras *Date: 12/29/2014 Continuation Update DPR 523L (1/95) *Required information State of California The Resources Agency Primary # P-33-16950 DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI# ARTIFACT RECORD Trinomial CA-RIV-8835 Page 7 of 7 *Resource Name or # P-33-16950 Artifact # Condition Description (form, material, etc.) Locational Data NAD 1984 Collected? mE mN 20150623DRM01 Fragment 2 ceramic body sherds 566990.3 3730136 Yes 20150623DRM02 Fragment 1 ceramic body sherd 566985.3 3730136 Yes 20150623DRM03 Fragment 1 ceramic rim sherd 566985.7 3730145 Yes 20150623DRM04 Fragment 1 ceramic body sherd 566994.3 3730131 Yes 20150623DRM05 Fragment 1 ceramic body sherd, 1 shaped ceramic piece 566993.3 3730132 Yes 20150623DRM06 Fragment 6 ceramic body sherds 566999.5 3730136 Yes 20150623DRM07 Fragment 1 rim ceramic sherd, 1 ceramic body sherd 566986.3 3730136 Yes 20150623DRM08 Fragment 1 ceramic body sherd 566986.3 3730137 Yes 20150623DRM09 Fragment 6 ceramic body sherds, 15 “fired hardened” pieces 566990.3 3730134 Yes 20150623DRM10 Fragment 14 ceramic body sherds 566983.3 3730134 Yes 20150623DRM11 Fragment 1 ceramic rim sherd 566989.3 3730134 Yes 20150623DRM12 Fragment 12 ceramic body sherds, 10 “fired hardened” pieces 567003.4 3730145 Yes 20150623DRM13 Fragment 7 ceramic body sherds 566990.3 3730136 Yes *Recorded by: Lindsey Porras *Date: 12/29/2014 Continuation Update DPR 523H (1/95) *Required information State of Callforn ia --The Resources Agency DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION CONTINUATION SHEET Prima ry # 33-16950 (Update) HRI# ________________________ ___ Tri nom ial CA-RIV-8835 (Update) Page_1_o f_5_ Resou rce name o r # (Assigned by recorder) ____________ __ Reco rded by Daniel Ballester and John Eddy D ~e February 29, 2008 Aff ili a ti o n: CRM TECH , Col ton Continuation .-L Update P ro ject No : CRM TECH 2235 CA-RIV-8835 was first recorded in February and March 2008 as a prehistoric-i.e., Native American-site consisting of a scatter of daub, some of which had been burned, ceramic sherds, and fire-affected rock (Encarnarcion and Hogan 2008:11-12). within the site boundaries there were numerous areas with dense concentrations of daub, including several that also contained potsherds and fire-affected rock. However, no obvious or definite evidence of features, s u ch as fire pits or house rings, was found . The vertical extent of site CA-RIV-8835 and its potential for containing intact subsurface artifact deposits and features could not be ascertained on the basis of the 2008 Phase I survey (E n carnarcion and Hogan 2008: 13-14). Therefore, a testing and evaluation program was recommended to assess the historical significance of the site. In April 2008 , CRM TECH completed the field procedures for the testing program at the site. In April 2008, variety of recovery methods were used to collect data from site CA-RIV-8835, including a systematic re-survey, surface collection, shovel test pits (STPS), test units, backhoe trenching, backhoe test pits, and recovery units. All artif a cts and ecofacts recovered from CA-RIV-8835 were transported to CRM TECH's laboratory for further detailed analysis. The re-survey of site CA-RIV-8835 found additional surface artifacts, including ceramic sherds, marine a n d freshwater shell, groundstone, and faunal that were not observed during the previous s u rvey . This resulted in a slight expansion of the boundaries of the site . The surface area of the site now covers approx imately 3,690 square meters. The site was subsequently organized into areas of relatively dense artifact concentrations, small artifact clusters, and sparse artifact scatters. Although sparse scatters of daub/FAC typically characterized the surface deposit at the site, there were several areas where artifacts appeared to cluster in relatively dense concentrations. During the surface collection, a total of 714 artifacts and ecofacts, including prehistoric ceramic sherds, daub/FAC, grounds tone fragments, and rocks, were collected from five artifact concentrations and the sparsely scattered areas of the rest of the site . A total of eight test units, seven measuring 1x1 meter and o n e measuring 1x2 meters, were excavated to the depths of 50-100 cm below ground surface. Approximately 712 artifacts, including daub/FAC, ceramic sherds, lithics, freshwater shell, charcoal, rock, and faunal, including cremated human remains, were recovered from the test units. Most significantly, cremated human remains were discovered in Unit 5, placed where non-diagnostic bone fragments were found on the surface o f Concentration 4 during the re-survey. Cant. on p. 2 DP R 523 L (1/95) RECEIVED IN FEB 12 2009 EIC 'Required Informati o n State of Californla--The Resources Agency DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION CONTINUATION SHEET Primary # 33-16950 (Update) HRI# ____________________________ ___ Trinomial CA-RIV-8835 ( Update) Page __ 3 _of __ 5_ Resource name or # (Assigned by recorder) _____________ _ perhaps aquatic and migratory birds_ However, the site appears to have functioned in its greatest capacity as a collection and preliminary processing area with the bulk of food processing activities occurring elsewhere, likely CA-RIV-2936 located approximately 1/2 mile to the west_ The presence of cremated human remains, however, may indicate that the site was occupied for brief periods of time, or served as an area for secondary burial, as was the custom for some Cahuilla groups in the region_ In addition, other activities, such as ceramic production and food preparation/cooking, may also have occurred at Site CA-RIV-8835. Under more favorable conditions, analysis of the types of artifacts found at CA- RIV-8835, including daub/FAC, ceramic sherds, lithics, groundstone, FAR, shell, faunal, and human remains, could yield important information on prehistoric life in the Whitewater River Delta/Dune complex and near the northwest shoreline of ancient Lake Cahuilla. However, in light of the low quantity of formal tool artifacts and production debris, the absence of dense cultural midden, and the relative homogeneity of the material assemblage, Site CA-RIV-8835 have a very limited ability to provide any new information of importance to the results of numerous previous studies in the vicinity. Based on these considerations, Site CA-RIV-8835 as a whole does not appear to meet the criteria for listing in the California Register of Historical Resources_ However, the cremated human remains identified at CA-RIV-8835 retain a high degree of traditional cultural value to the local Native American community. As such, the portion of the site containing the cremation remains does appear to meet the criteria for listing in the California Register. Report Citation : Eddy, John J., Mariam Dahdul, Harry M. Quinn, Matthew Wetherbee 2008 Final Cultural Resources Report: Archaeological Testing and Evaluation of site CA-RIV-8835 (33-16950), Assessor's Parcel No. 600-030-018, City of La Quinta, Riverside County, California. On file, Eastern Information center, University of California, Riverside. Encarnaci6n, Deirdre, and Michael Hogan 2008 Historical/Archaeological Resources Survey Report: Assessor's Parcel No. 600-030-018, City of La Quinta, Riverside County, California_ Report on file , Eastern Information Center, University of California, Riverside. DPR 523L (1/95) 'Required Information e State of Callfornla--The Resources Agency DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION Primary # 3 3-16950 Trinomial CA-RI V -883 5 ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE RECORD Page_2_of_4_ "Resource Name or # (Assigned by recorder)_.::C"'Ro;M;...T=E.:::C"'H'--'2::..!2"'1"-2"---.:1 ___ _ Al . Dimensions : a. Length 145 m (N-S) b. Wldth........,.:1.=.3-"0--"'m'-\.(.",E'----"WCl) ________ _ Method of Measurement:..l..Paced __ Taped __ Visual estimate..l.. Other: Rangef inder Method of Determination (Check any that apply.): V Artifacts Features Soil Vegetation Topography Cut bank Animal burrow Excavation Property boundary V Other (Explain): Ecofacts Reliability of D;termlnatl~n: __ High .;r Medium_Low Explain :. __ -_-_ -___________ _ Limitations (Check any that apply):_Restricted access Pavedlbuilt over_Site limits incompletely defined Disturbances Vegetation Other (Explain): _____________________ _ A2 . Depth: --None \TUnknown Method of Determination : ____________ _ "A3. Human Remalns:_Present V Absent_Possible _Unknown (Explain): _____________ _ *A4. Features: (Number. briefly describe. indicate size , list associated cultural constituents , and show location of each feature on sketch map .) No features were noted on surface, although concentrations of fire-affected clay and some scattered fire-affected rocks were observed. *A5. Cultural Constituents: (Describe and quantify artifacts, ecofacts , cultural residues . etc ., not associated with features.) Some 10+ potsherds and several FAR were present; the site area contains a light scatter of daub/clay/fire-affected Clay, with some localized concentrations. ·AG. *A7. "AS. ·A9. Al0. Al1. "A12 . A13. A14. Were Specimens Coliected?..L No __ Yes (If yes , attach Artifact Reco rd or c atalog and identify where specimens are curated .) Site Condition: __ GoodlFair __ Poor (Describe disturbances.): The prope r ty ha s probab l y been disked for weed abatement purposes, which may account for the scattered clay throughout the site. Nearest Water (Type, distance , and direction.): The Whitewater River (now a channelized stormwater channel) is immediately adjacent to the north of APN 600-030-018, and 100 meters north of the site. Elevation: Approximately 60 feet above mean sea level Environmental Setting: (Describe vegetation, fauna, soils, geology, landform, slope, aspect, exposure , etc.): The ecological setting of the site is typical of the Coachella Valley, with sparse vegetation consisting of Creosote bushes, some mesquite, other bushes, and low-lying intrusive weeds and grasses. Soils consist of loose dune sands, with an open exposure. Since the parcel is within an urban setting, most native fauna would no longer be found on the property, though rabbits and ground squirrels may still be present. Hlstorlcallnformatlon: __________________________________ _ Age:..l..Prehistoric_Protohistoric 1542-1769 1769-1848 1848-1880 - - 1880-1914 1914-1945 _Post 1945_Undetermined Describe position In regional prehistoric chronology or factual historic dates If known: ________________________________________ _ Interpretations: (Discuss scientific, interpretive , ethnic , and other values of site , if known ) The site is within the traditional territory of the Desert Cahuilla. It appears t o date to the late prehistoric period, although older deposits may be present below the surface. Remarks: An archaeological testing and evaluation program is recommended to determine the significance of the site. A 15. References: (Documents, informants, maps, and other references .):_-=S"'e=..;e::.....I=-=t.=e=m:...;:P""l"'l::...o.. _________ _ A 1G. Photographs: (List subjects , direction of view, and accession numbers or attach a Photograph Record.):. ____ _ Original MedialNegatives Kept at: CRM TECH, 1016 East Cooley Drive, suite A/B, Col ton, CA 92324 "A17. Form Prepared by: Michael Hogan and Deirdre Encarnaci6n Affiliation and Address: CRM TECH, 1016 East Cooley Drive, 92324 DPR 523A (1/95) Date: March 1, 2008 Suite A/B, Colton, CA "Required Information State of California The Resources Agency Primary # DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # PRIMARY RECORD Trinomial NRHP Status Code Other Listings Review Code Reviewer Date Page 1 of 2 *Resource Name or #: 20141229LAP_1 P1. Other Identifier: *P2. Location: Not for Publication Unrestricted *a. County: Riverside and (P2b and P2c or P2d. Attach a Location Map as necessary.) *b. USGS 7.5' Quad: La Quinta Date: 1984 T 5S ; R 7E ; NW¼ of NE¼ of Sec 29 ; San Bernardino B.M. c. Address: City: Zip: d. UTM: Zone: 11S ; 566971.97 mE/ 3730623.59 mN (G.P.S.) e. Other Locational Data: Located within Riverside County, CA Assessor’s Parcel Number 600030021 on the east side of Dune Palms Road in the City of La Quinta. Elevation: Approximately 18 meters amsl *P3a. Description: This isolate is a granitic mano showing, impact scaring, and use-ware with a small smoothed surface. The mano likely originated as a river rock from the nearby Whitewater River. The isolate measures 10cm x11cm x 3cm with the smoothed surface measuring 4cm x 6cm. *P3b. Resource Attributes: AP16. Other, Isolate *P4. Resources Present: Building Structure Object Site District Element of District Other (Isolates, etc.) P5b. Description of Photo: East side of Dune Palms at parcel 600030021; Plan view. *P6. Date Constructed/Age and Sources: Historic Prehistoric Both *P7. Owner and Address: City of La Quinta 78495 Calle Tampico, La Quinta, CA 92253 *P8. Recorded by: Lindsey Porras; Cogstone Resource Management *P9. Date Recorded: 12/29/2014 *P10. Survey Type: Intensive Pedestrian *P11. Report Citation: 2015. Gust, Sherri, Desiree Martinez. Molly Valasik, and Andre Simmons. Archaeological Survey Report for the Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project, La Quinta City, Riverside County, California. Report on file at the Eastern Information Center and Caltrans District 8. *Attachments: NONE Location Map Sketch Map Continuation Sheet Building, Structure, and Object Record Archaeological Record District Record Linear Feature Record Milling Station Record Rock Art Record Artifact Record Photograph Record Other (List): DPR 523A (1/95) *Required information P5a. Photo or Drawing State of California The Resources Agency Primary # DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI# LOCATION MAP Trinomial Page 2 of 2 *Resource Name or #: 20141229LAP_1 *Map Name: La Quinta *Scale: 1:24,000 Date of Map: 1984 DPR 523J (1/95) *Required information ATTACHMENT C Extended Phase I Proposal Extended Phase I Proposal 1 Dune Palms Road Low Water Crossing Replacement Project July 2017 1.0 INTRODUCTION Dune Palms Road Low Water Crossing Replacement Project (Project) in the City of La Quinta (see Study Vicinity Map and Study Location Map in Section 10.0) proposes to remove the existing low-water crossing of Dune Palms Road at the Coachella Valley Storm Water Channel (CVSC) in the City of La Quinta, Riverside County. The crossing will be replaced with a four- span bridge 480 feet long and 86 feet wide. The bridge typical section consists of six-foot sidewalk on both sides of the bridge, two (2) eight-foot outside shoulders also serving as bike/golf cart lanes, a 10 foot raised median, two (2) eleven-foot travel lanes, and two (2) twelve-foot travel lanes (Figure Appendix D-1). The proposed configuration will be consistent with the existing four lane roadway section to the south, and the City’s current improvement project to the north (project number 2009-04), which will widen Dune Palms Road from two to four lanes with a median and left turn lanes. The proposed improvements will include a reconstruction of the north and south bridge approaches to accommodate the significant raised profile of the roadway. In order to match the roadway section on the south side of the bridge, the Project’s construction limits will be extended to 239 feet of Highway 111. On the north side of the bridge, the Project construction limits will be extended to include a vacant lot immediately north of the Project limits. The vacant lot is owned by the City and will be offered by the City in the bidding documents to be used for storage and construction staging by the contractor for the construction of this Project A more detailed project description is in the ASR (Gust et al 2016). The potential for subsurface archaeological material from the prehistoric period was identified in the Project APE. During the archaeological survey for the Project, prehistoric archaeological site P33-16950 was identified in the APE east of Dune Palms Road and north of Hwy 111 (APN 600- 030-018). The site occupies most of the parcel and extends into the construction limits or Area of Direct Impact (ADI) along Dune Palms Road (see Site Map in Section 10.0). The portion of the site outside the ADI was tested using shovel test pits (STPs), hand-excavated units, and backhoe trenches in 2008 (Eddy et al. 2008) and subsurface archaeological material and human remains were found. Additional units were excavated to recover all of the human remains. As a result of the survey for the current project (Gust et al 2016), ceramic sherds and daub, along with one flake (debitage), were identified near Dune Palms Road and the P33-16950 site boundary was extended into the ADI. The part of the site in the ADI appeared greatly disturbed during the 2016 survey. No subsurface testing has been conducted in the portion of the site in the ADI. An Extended Phase I subsurface investigation is needed to determine whether subsurface prehistoric archaeological deposits extend horizontally into the ADI and if so, whether they can be protected by an ESA. If subsurface deposits are present, the Extended Phase I subsurface investigation will also determine whether the deposits are intact or too disturbed to contribute to the eligibility of site P33-16950. The Extended Phase I program will help determine the boundaries of the site as required by 36 CFR 800.4(b). Extended Phase I Proposal 2 Dune Palms Road Low Water Crossing Replacement Project July 2017 2.0 SITE CONTEXT The prehistoric and ethnographic context for the project area is provided in the ASR (Gust, et al 2016). Site P33-16950 was previously tested using shovel test pits (STPs), hand-excavated units, and backhoe trenches in 2008 (Eddy et al. 2008). Seven hundred and fourteen artifacts (prehistoric ceramic sherds, daub/FAC, ground stone fragments, and rocks) were recovered during surface collection prior to testing. Seven hundred and twelve artifacts consisting of ceramic sherds, marine and freshwater shell, ground stone, charcoal, faunal bone and human remains were recovered from the units. Additionally, 27 1 meter by 1 meter recovery units (RUs) were hand excavated around the location of the human remains and an additional 1,125 artifacts and ecofacts were found. The depth of the RUs ranged from 20 to 40 centimeters (cm) below surface. The report did not report which artifacts were identified at what depth, but the catalog indicates that a majority of the artifacts are in the upper 40 cm of the site. Sixteen items were found between 100 cm and 250 cm in depth. These items included 6 pieces of fire- affected rock, 1 piece of unburned sandy clay, 5 pieces of unburned clay, 1 faunal bone fragment, and 3 pieces of charcoal (Gust, et al 2016). Based on the testing program, Eddy et al. (2008) concluded that the site in general had “very limited ability to provide important new information for the study of prehistory in the Whitewater River Delta/ Dune Complex and surrounding region, [and] in light of the low quantity of formal artifacts it yielded… the site as a whole does not appear to qualify as a ‘historical resource’." In other words, they believed that based on the artifacts recovered, the site is not eligible for the CRHR. However, the cremated human remains retain a high degree of Native American traditional cultural value, so it was concluded that the portion of the site containing the cremated remains was eligible for the CRHR under CEQA. P33-16950 has not been evaluated for the NRHP. Ceramics and cremations indicate that site P33-16950 was occupied during the Peninsular Pattern of the Palomar Tradition (900 to 150 B.P.). Sites similar to P33-16950 occupied during the Peninsular Pattern appear to be resource procurement camps for people from nearby villages. The procured resources were likely taken back to the village for consumption or storage. Data from such sites could be used to address research issues about the kinds of resources procured (based on faunal bone, shell, and macrobotanical remains from flotation samples) and the activities that took place at these sites (based on functional artifact types and features). Issues of chronology and trade and exchange could also possibly be addressed. A more specific period of use for the site could be determined if charcoal for radiocarbon dating is present. Items traded in from outside the area could include marine shell beads from the coast and obsidian from the Coso source or the Obsidian Butte source. 3.0 SCOPE OF WORK Shovel test pits (STPs) will be excavated in the ADI along the east side of Dune Palms Road south of the stormwater channel (CVSC), as shown on the Site Map and Site Detail Map in Section 10.0. This is the area between the edge of Dune Palms Road and the ADI boundary to the east. The northern part of this area is where the recently extended P33-16950 site boundary (based on surface material) overlaps the ADI. Seventeen STPs systematically spaced 10 m apart will be excavated in this area with the STPs arranged in two north-south lines. STPs Extended Phase I Proposal 3 Dune Palms Road Low Water Crossing Replacement Project July 2017 will not be excavated to the north in the CVSC where there is a vertical drop of 10 to 18 feet. There is little or no potential for archaeological material in the channel (see Site Detail Map in Section 10.0). The STPs will be excavated by hand with shovels in arbitrary 20-centimeter (cm) levels and will be about 40 cm in diameter. Excavated material will be passed through 1/8th-inch mesh. Artifacts remaining in the screen will be placed in bags labeled with the appropriate provenience information. STPs will be excavated to a depth of 80 cm (it is not practical to excavate STPs beyond about 80 cm below surface). If subsurface artifacts are found in the lower levels of an STP, an auger will be used to assess whether cultural material continues below 80 cm. If subsurface prehistoric artifacts are found in STPs, a hand-excavated unit may be necessary to assess whether the artifacts are in a disturbed context. It is difficult to observe stratigraphy in the sides of STPs. However, a unit can provide information about stratigraphy (whether the archaeological material is mixed or in situ) by examining the unit sidewalls. If the unit is necessary, the unit will measure 1 m by 1 m and will be excavated by hand in arbitrary 10 cm levels. Excavated material will be passed through 1/8th-inch mesh. A profile of two perpendicular sidewalls will be drawn. Artifacts remaining in the screen will be placed in bags labeled with the appropriate provenience information. Artifacts will be identified, described, photographed, and drawn in ECORP’s lab in Redlands. A report will be prepared following the format required by Caltrans for an Extended Phase I investigation. The report will contain the project description, the methods used, and will describe the results, including any artifacts recovered. The report will contain a discussion of whether intact subsurface archaeological deposits are present. The Principal Investigator for the Extended Phase I Investigation will be Roger Mason who has a Ph.D. in Anthropology from the University of Texas, Austin. He has over 30 years of experience in southern California archaeological investigations. The Field Director will be Robert Cunningham who has a B.A. in Anthropology from UCLA and has 9 years of experience. 4.0 DECISION THRESHOLDS STPs will be excavated to the maximum practical depth for STPs (80 cm). However, if archaeological material is found in a 20 cm level of an STP and the deposits appear to be undisturbed, the remaining levels of the STP will not be excavated so as not to further disturb intact archaeological material. However, if it cannot be determined if the archaeological material is from a disturbed or undisturbed context, the remaining levels of the STP will be excavated. STPs will be considered sterile if they contain no archaeological material. If no archaeological material is found in any of the STPs, it will be concluded that there is not a substantial subsurface deposit in the ADI. If archaeological material is present in the STPs, the degree of disturbance will be assessed by examining the sediments and other material from the STPs. Recent intrusive material indicating disturbance could include road gravel, chunks of concrete or asphalt, and recent refuse (glass, metal, plastic). If such material is present, it will be concluded that the deposit is so disturbed that it would no longer have the potential to contribute to the eligibility of the site as a whole. If such material is not present, but the Extended Phase I Proposal 4 Dune Palms Road Low Water Crossing Replacement Project July 2017 sediments from the STPs appear disturbed, a unit will be excavated and the sidewall profiles will be examined. If there is variation by depth in the type (sand, silt, loam) and color of the sediments and it appears that sediments characteristic of the upper levels have been introduced into the lower levels, it will be concluded that the deposit is too disturbed to have the potential to contribute to the eligibility of the site as a whole. If archaeological material is found in the STPs in an undisturbed context, the Extended Phase I subsurface investigation will cease and units will be excavated as part of a Phase II program to evaluate whether the material can contribute to the eligibility of the site as a whole. The evaluation would take into account the results of the previous test program (Eddy et al. 2008), along with the material found in the Phase II units in the ADI. 5.0 TIMETABLE The fieldwork will require 6 days (if the unit is necessary) and will be scheduled upon acceptance of this Extended Phase I Proposal and upon notification by the City that property access has been obtained (see Section 8). Lab work (if material is found) will require two days and report preparation will require one week. However, the total calendar time for completion of the report may be extended to account for Native American coordination. 6.0 NATIVE AMERICAN COORDINATION Twenty Native American groups were contacted as part of the initial Native American coordination as part of the ASR preparation. The Agua Caliente Band of Mission Indians, the Augustine Band of Mission Indians, and the Morongo Band of Mission Indians all requested that a Native American monitor observe all project-related ground disturbing activities. The Torres- Martinez Desert Cahuilla Indians stated that an MLD from their group supervised the reburial of human remains from site P33-16950 in 2008, but they did not know where the remains were reburied. They consider the entire area from Washington to Jefferson Streets to be part of one large village. A letter providing updated information about the project was sent by the City of La Quinta to the following Native American contacts: Luther Salgado, Chairman, Cahuilla Band of Indians Ernest Siva, Tribal Elder, Morongo Band of Mission Indians Karen Kupcha, Augustine Band of Cahuilla Mission Indians Patricia Garcia, THPO, Agua Caliente Band of Cahuilla Indians Michael Mirelez, Cultural Resources Coordinator, Torres-Martinez Desert Cahuilla Indians William Vance, Tribal Vice Chairman of the Augustine Band of Cahuilla Mission Indians replied that the Band is unaware of specific cultural resources that may be affected by the proposed project. They recommended that a qualified Native American monitor be present during construction and they wish to be notified if any cultural resources are discovered. No other responses to the letter were received. Extended Phase I Proposal 5 Dune Palms Road Low Water Crossing Replacement Project July 2017 In telephone calls on May 3, 2017, Patricia Garcia, THPO, Agua Caliente Band of Cahuilla Indians and Michael Mirelez, Cultural Resources Coordinator, Torres-Martinez Desert Cahuilla Indians, stated that they wished to supply a Native American monitor to observe the Extended Phase I Program. An agreement for Native American monitoring was received from Agua Caliente, but not from Torres-Martinez. In a follow-up telephone call on June 20, Michael Mirelez of Torres-Martinez said that they could not find a qualified monitor and that they defer to Agua Caliente for Native American monitoring. As confirmed in a phone call with Patricia Garcia on June 20, a Native American monitor for the Extended Phase I Program will be supplied by the Agua Caliente Band. If human remains are discovered in a location other than a dedicated cemetery, the provisions and regulations of Health and Safety Code 7050.5, CEQA 15064.5(e), and Public Resources Code 5097.98 will be followed; archaeological excavation will cease and the Field Director will notify the ECORP Project Archaeologist who will notify the Caltrans Archaeologist, Caltrans District 8 Native American Coordinator, and the Riverside County Coroner. The Field Director will maintain control of the area until the Coroner arrives. If the Coroner determines the remains are Native American and not the result of a crime, then the Coroner will notify the NAHC, which then will designate a Native American Most Likely Descendant (MLD) for the project. When the MLD visits the site, the Field Director will be present. The designated MLD will have 48 hours from the time access to the property is granted to make recommendations concerning treatment of the remains. The MLD’s recommendations will be given to the landowner and Caltrans. 7.0 CURATION Recovered archaeological material will be temporarily maintained at the ECORP office in Redlands until a curation agreement with an acceptable facility is obtained. The curation agreement and a collection agreement with the property owner will be in place by the time the XPI field work begins. All prehistoric artifacts will be curated. 8.0 ARCHAEOLOGICAL PERMITS Permission from the owner of the property at APN 600-030-018 will be necessary in order to excavate the STPs. The City of La Quinta will obtain a Right to Enter access agreement with the landowner. Extended Phase I Proposal 6 Dune Palms Road Low Water Crossing Replacement Project July 2017 9.0 REFERENCES CITED Eddy, J., M. Dahdul, H. Quinn, and M. Wetherbee 2008 Final Cultural Resources Report: Archaeological Testing and Evaluation of Site CA- RIV-8835 (33-16950), Assessor's Parcel No. 600-030-018, City of La Quinta, Riverside County, California. Prepared by CRM Tech. Report on file at Eastern Information Center, University of California, Riverside. Sherri M. Gust, Desiree Martinez, Molly Valasik, and André Simmons 2016 Archaeological Survey Report for the Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project, La Quinta City, Riverside County, California. Federal Project No. BLRKS – 5433(014). Prepared for California Department of Transportation — District 8, San Bernardino. Prepared by Cogstone Resource Management Inc., Orange. 10.0 MAPS Study Vicinity Map Study Location Map Site Location Map Study Vicinity Map (USGS 30 x 60 Minute Palm Springs, California, Quadrangle) Dune Palms Road Study Vicinity Map Dune Palms Road Low Water Crossing Replacement Project BLRKS-5433(014) Area of Potential Effects 0 2 Miles I Study Location Map (USGS 7.5 Minute La Quinta, California, Quadrangle) Dune Palms Road Study Location Map Dune Palms Road Low Water Crossing Replacement Project BLRKS-5433(014) Area of Potential Effects 0 1,000 Feet I Storm Wate r C h a n n e l Storm Wate r C h a n n e l Site MapP33-16950 Map Date: 1/9/2017 Photo Source: NAIP 2014 Dune Palms RoadLocation: N:\2014\2014-173.001 Dune Palms Road\MAPS\Cultural_Resources\Overview_Maps\DP_SiteMap_V1.mxd (MAG)-mguidry 1/13/2017 I 0 75 Meters Map Contents Area of Potential Effects Construction Limits (ADI) Site Boundary P33-16950 STP Locations - refer to the Site Detail Map Site Map Dune Palms Road Low Water Crossing Replacement Project BLRKS-5433(014) D( D( D( D( D( D( D( D( D( D( D( D( D( D( D( D( D( Storm Wat e r C h a n n e l Storm Wat e r C h a n n e l CORPORATE CENTRE DR DUNE PALMS RDSite Detail MapP33-16950 Map Date: 1/9/2017 Photo Source: NAIP 2014 Dune Palms RoadLocation: N:\2014\2014-173.001 Dune Palms Road\MAPS\Cultural_Resources\Overview_Maps\DP_SiteMap_detail_V1.mxd (MAG)-mguidry 1/13/2017 I 0 30 Meters Map Contents Area of Potential Effects Construction Limits (ADI) Site Boundary P33-16950 D(STP Site Detail Map Dune Palms Road Low Water Crossing Replacement Project BLRKS-5433(014) ATTACHMENT D EXTENDED PHASE I PROGRAM REPORT Extended Phase I Report for P33-16950, CA-RIV-8835 Dune Palms Road Low Water Crossing Replacement Project La Quinta, Riverside County BLRKS – 5433(014) Prepared by Roger D. Mason, Ph.D., RPA Principal Investigator – Prehistoric Archaeology Director of Cultural Resources ECORP Consulting, Inc. 1801 Park Court Place Building B, Suite 103 Santa Ana, California 92701 Reviewed by Steven Holm PQS: Principal Investigator, Historic Archaeology Archaeologist California Department of Transportation, District 8 464 W. Fourth Street, 8th Floor, MS-825 San Bernardino, California 92401-1400 Approved by Andrew Walters Branch Chief, Environmental Support/Cultural Studies California Department of Transportation, District 8 464 W. Fourth Street, 8th Floor, MS-825 San Bernardino, California 92401-1400 Quadrangle Map: La Quinta 1959 (photorevised 1980) Site: P33-16950 (CA-RIV-8835) August 2017 i SUMMARY OF FINDINGS An Extended Phase I study was conducted for the Dune Palms Road Low Water Crossing Replacement Project (Project) in the City of La Quinta (City). The City proposes to remove the existing low-water crossing of Dune Palms Road at the Coachella Valley Storm Water Channel and replace it with a four-span bridge. During an earlier archaeological survey as part of the Phase I study for the Project, one prehistoric archaeological site (P33-16950) was identified in the APE east of Dune Palms Road and north of Highway 111 (Hwy 111). Previous subsurface testing at the site identified buried archaeological deposits and human remains. In order to determine whether or not subsurface prehistoric archaeological deposits extend into the Area of Direct Impacts (ADI), an Extended Phase I study, including subsurface investigation was completed. Prior to the commencement of field work, a Right of Entry Permit was obtained from the property owner of the parcel by the City, and a curation agreement for the study was put in place with the Western Science Center in Hemet. Fieldwork for this study consisted of excavating 17 shovel test pits (STPs) to determine whether subsurface prehistoric archaeological deposits associated with P33-16950 extend into the ADI. Each STP was excavated by hand in 20-centimeter (cm) levels to a depth of 80 cm. All work was monitored by a Native American monitor supplied by the Agua Caliente Band of Cahuilla Indians. The results from the STPs indicate that an intact subsurface deposit of prehistoric material from site P33-16950 is not present in the upper 80 cm of soil within the Dune Palms Road Low Water Crossing ADI. All 17 STPs were sterile and did not contain any cultural material associated with site P33-16950. In addition, evidence of previous disturbance was noted in multiple STPs as evidenced by the presence of modern debris at depths exceeding 60 and 70 cm below the surface. Intact native sediments were noted in two STPs at a depth below 60 cm. However, no cultural materials were noted in these sediments. Based on these results, it does not appear that the subsurface deposits within P33-16950 extend into the ADI at the depths tested. The horizontal boundaries of the site remain as defined in 2008. ii TABLE OF CONTENTS SUMMARY OF FINDINGS ............................................................................................................I TABLE OF CONTENTS .................................................................................................................. II 1.0 INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................. 1 2.0 SITE CONTEXT ................................................................................................................. 3 3.0 SCOPE OF WORK ........................................................................................................... 3 4.0 STUDY RESULTS ................................................................................................................ 4 5.0 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS .................................................................................... 5 6.0 REFERENCES CITED ......................................................................................................... 6 7.0 MAPS .............................................................................................................................. 7 8.0 TABLES .......................................................................................................................... 11 Attachment A: Right of Entry Permit and Curation Agreement Attachment B: Updated DPR 523 Record Attachment C: Photographs 1 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Project Description The Dune Palms Road Low Water Crossing Replacement Project (Project) in the City of La Quinta (see Study Vicinity Map and Study Location Map in Section 7) proposes to remove the existing low-water crossing of Dune Palms Road at the Coachella Valley Storm Water Channel (CVSC) in the City of La Quinta, Riverside County. The crossing will be replaced with a four- span bridge 480 feet long and 86 feet wide. The bridge typical section consists of six-foot sidewalk on both sides of the bridge, two eight-foot outside shoulders also serving as bike/golf cart lanes, a 10-foot raised median, two 11-foot travel lanes, and two 12-foot travel lanes. The proposed configuration will be consistent with the existing four-lane roadway section to the south, and the City’s current improvement project to the north (project number 2009-04), which will widen Dune Palms Road from two to four lanes with a median and left turn lanes. The proposed improvements will include a reconstruction of the north and south bridge approaches to accommodate the significant raised profile of the roadway. In order to match the roadway section on the south side of the bridge, the Project’s construction limits will be extended to 239 feet north of Highway 111 (Hwy 111). On the north side of the bridge, the Project construction limits will be extended to include a vacant lot immediately north of the Project limits. The vacant lot is owned by the City and will be offered by the City in the bidding documents to be used for storage and construction staging by the contractor for the construction of this Project. A more detailed project description can be found in the ASR (Gust et al. 2016). During the archaeological survey for the Project, prehistoric archaeological site P33-16950 was identified in the APE east of Dune Palms Road and north of Hwy 111 (APN 600-030-018). The site occupies most of the parcel and extends into the construction limits or Area of Direct Impact (ADI) along Dune Palms Road. The portion of the site outside the ADI was tested using shovel test pits (STPs), hand-excavated units, and backhoe trenches in 2008 (Eddy et al. 2008) and subsurface archaeological material and human remains were found. Additional units were excavated to recover all of the human remains. As a result of the survey for the current Project (Gust et al. 2016), ceramic sherds and daub, along with one flake (debitage), were identified near Dune Palms Road and the P33-16950 site boundary defined in 2008 was extended into the ADI in 2016. The part of the site in the ADI appeared greatly disturbed during the 2016 survey. At the time the ASR was prepared, no subsurface testing had been conducted in the portion of the site in the ADI. An Extended Phase I subsurface investigation was carried out to determine whether subsurface prehistoric archaeological deposits are present in the ADI and if so, whether they can be protected by the establishment of an ESA. If subsurface deposits are present, the Extended Phase I subsurface investigation was also designed to determine whether the deposits are intact or too disturbed to contribute to the eligibility of site P33-16950. The Extended Phase I study will help determine the boundaries of the site as required by 36 CFR 800.4(b). 2 1.2 Fieldwork Fieldwork was conducted on July 17 to July 20, 2017. The Principal Investigator for this Extended Phase I project is Roger Mason who has a Ph.D. in Anthropology from the University of Texas, Austin. He has over 30 years of experience in southern California archaeological investigations. The Field Director is Robert Cunningham who has a B.A. in Anthropology from UCLA and has 9 years of experience. The field crew consisted of Andrew Myers and Matthew Willenborg. Mr. Myers has a B.A. in Sociology from UCSB and five years of experience in southern California archaeology. Mr. Willenborg has a B.A. from California State University, San Bernardino and has two years of experience in southern California archaeology. 1.3 Permits Prior to the commencement of fieldwork, a Right of Entry Permit for the property where P33- 16950 is located (APN 600-030-018) was obtained from the property owner of the parcel by the City of La Quinta for the dates of April 10 to June 30. This permit was extended, via email exchange, to include the dates of the fieldwork (Attachment A). 1.4 Curation Agreement A curation agreement for the study, dated July 10, 2017, was put in place with the Western Science Center in Hemet, Riverside County, California. In this agreement, the Western Science Center agreed to serve as the repository for artifacts collected as a part of the project (Attachment A). 1.5 Human Bone Disposition If human remains were discovered in a location other than a dedicated cemetery, the provisions and regulations of Health and Safety Code 7050.5, CEQA 15064.5(e), and Public Resources Code 5097.98 would be followed; archaeological excavation will cease and the Field Director will notify the ECORP Project Archaeologist who will notify the Caltrans Archaeologist, Caltrans District 8 Native American Coordinator, and the Riverside County Coroner. The Field Director will maintain control of the area until the Coroner arrives. If the Coroner determines the remains are Native American and not the result of a crime, then the Coroner will notify the NAHC, which then will designate a Native American Most Likely Descendant (MLD) for the project. When the MLD visits the site, the Field Director will be present. The designated MLD will have 48 hours from the time access to the property is granted to make recommendations concerning treatment of the remains. The MLD’s recommendations will be given to the landowner and Caltrans. 1.6 Native American Consultation and Monitoring Twenty Native American groups were contacted as part of the initial Native American coordination as part of the ASR preparation. The Agua Caliente Band of Mission Indians and the Morongo Band of Mission Indians requested that a Native American monitor observe all project- related ground disturbing activities. The Augustine Band of Mission Indians suggested that a Native American monitor be present. The Torres- Martinez Desert Cahuilla Indians stated that 3 an MLD from their group supervised the reburial of human remains from site P33-16950 in 2008, but they did not know where the remains were reburied. They consider the entire area from Washington to Jefferson Streets to be part of one large village. A letter providing updated information about the project was sent by the City of La Quinta to the following Native American contacts: Luther Salgado, Chairman, Cahuilla Band of Indians Ernest Siva, Tribal Elder, Morongo Band of Mission Indians Karen Kupcha, Augustine Band of Cahuilla Mission Indians Patricia Garcia, THPO, Agua Caliente Band of Cahuilla Indians Michael Mirelez, Cultural Resources Coordinator, Torres-Martinez Desert Cahuilla Indians William Vance, Tribal Vice Chairman of the Augustine Band of Cahuilla Mission Indians replied that the Band is unaware of specific cultural resources that may be affected by the proposed project. They recommended that a qualified Native American monitor be present during construction and they wish to be notified if any cultural resources are discovered. No other responses to the letter were received. The Agua Caliente Band of Mission Indians and the Torres-Martinez Desert Cahuilla Indians were asked if they wished to provide Native American monitors for the project. ECORP contacted Patricia Garcia-Plotkin, the Director of the Tribal Historic Preservation Office for the Agua Caliente Band of Mission Indians and Michael Mirelez, the Cultural Resources Coordinator, for the Torres-Martinez Desert Cahuilla Indians via telephone calls on May 31, 2017. Both Tribes initially expressed interest in providing monitors for the Project. Agua Caliente agreed to supply a Native American monitor on June 25, 2017. Mr. Mirelez of Torres-Martinez stated that the Tribe could not find a qualified monitor. Mr. Mirelez deferred to the Agua Caliente for Native American monitoring for the study. Native American monitors were supplied by the Agua Caliente Band for the entirety of the Extended Phase I fieldwork. 2.0 SITE CONTEXT The context for P33-16950 is provided in the Archaeological Survey Report (Gust et al. 2016) and the Extended Phase I Proposal (Mason 2017). 3.0 SCOPE OF WORK Fieldwork for this Project consisted of excavating shovel test pits (STPs) to determine whether subsurface prehistoric archaeological deposits associated with P33-16950 extend into the ADI. The Extended Phase I Proposal (Proposal) stipulated that STPs be excavated to the maximum practical depth for STPs (80 cm). However, if archaeological material was found in a 20-cm level of an STP and the deposits appeared to be undisturbed, the remaining levels of the STP would not be excavated. However, if it could be determined that the archaeological material was from a disturbed or undisturbed context, the remaining levels of the STP would be excavated. STPs would be considered sterile if they contained no archaeological material (Mason 2017). 4 A total of 17 shovel test pits (STPs) were excavated in the ADI (see Study Site Map in Section 7). Fourteen STPs, numbered 1 through 14, were excavated in two parallel north-south rows. The westernmost row ran parallel to Dune Palms Road and consisted of STPs numbered 1, 3, 5, 7, 10, 11, and 13. The second row of STPs was located approximately 10 meters (m) to the east and consisted of STPs numbered 2, 4, 6, 8, 9, 12, and 14. The remaining three STPs, numbered 15 through 17, extended in a line south from STP 14. All STPs were spaced approximately 10 m apart. The locations of two STPs were adjusted due to vegetation. STP 7 was moved approximately 1 m south of the proposed location due to a large bush, and STP 9 was moved approximately 50 cm south due to another large bush. Six STPs (STPs 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 8) were located within the P33-16590 boundary. Each STP was excavated by hand in 20-cm levels using a round-tip shovel and chisel-tip dig bar. The diameter of the STPs was about 40 cm. Each STP was excavated to a depth of 80 cm. Excavated sediments from the STPs were screened through 1/8-inch wire mesh. Notes about cultural material and soils were taken on ECORP STP forms. All STPs were backfilled immediately upon their completion and flagging and equipment were removed from the vicinity. In total, 64 person hours were expended for the archaeological staff in the field and 32 hours were expended for the Tribal Monitor. 4.0 STUDY RESULTS One ceramic sherd was observed on the surface within the 2016 site boundary in the ADI, but no cultural material was identified within the 17 STPs excavated. The field crew noted charcoal within STP 6 at a depth of 40 cm. However, modern plastic was also noted at the same depth within STP 6, and there was no evidence that the charcoal was cultural or prehistoric in origin. Unmodified shell fragments were also noted in disturbed contexts (associated with modern debris) in STP 7 at a depth of 60 to 70 cm and in STP 12 in undisturbed contexts. The shell fragments appeared to be from bivalves, but were 1 cm or less in size and did not include hinges or other readily identifiable markers. Surface sediments within the Project ADI consist of Holocene alluvial valley sand and clay deposits and Holocene fluvial sand and gravel from the Whitewater River (Dibblee, Jr. and Minch 2008). Soils consist of Myoma fine sand with 5- to 15-percent slopes in the flat area south of the Whitewater River channel and Coachella fine sand with 0- to 2-percent slopes in and adjacent to the Whitewater channel (Soilweb 2017). Observations from the STPs indicated that the sediments within the ADI consist of silty sand containing small angular gravel clasts. Modern debris, including glass fragments, plastic, and concrete was noted down to a depth at or exceeding 60 cm in 14 of the 17 STPs. Given the proximity of the ADI to Dune Palms Road and the Whitewater Channel, the top 60 cm of sediment within the ADI appears to represent overburden from road construction or periodic cleaning of the Whitewater River channel. In STPs 3 and 12 archaeologists noted more compact, clay-rich sediments below a depth of 60 cm below surface (cmbs). This clay-rich stratum lacked the modern debris seen in the sediments above 60 cm in these STPs. Unmodified shell fragments were noted in these deeper sediments within STP 12. This deeper stratum may represent undisturbed possibly native sediments. However, no cultural material was found in these sediments. 5 The Extended Phase I study showed that subsurface prehistoric archaeological deposits associated with P33-16950 are not present in the ADI. There appears to be no intact subsurface material from site P33-16950 in the ADI. Although cultural material was found on the surface which caused the site boundary to be extended into the ADI in 2016, as shown on the Study Site Map, this surface material appears to represent a modern and secondary deposition of cultural material. The updated DPR 523 record is in Attachment B. Photos are in Attachment C. 5.0 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS The results from the STPs show that an intact subsurface deposit of prehistoric material from site P33-16950 is not present in the upper 80 cm of soil within the Dune Palms Road Low Water Crossing ADI. No cultural material associated with site P33-16950 was found in any of the 17 STPs. In addition, evidence of previous disturbance was noted in multiple STPs as evidenced by the presence of modern debris at depths exceeding 60 and 70 cm below the surface. Intact native sediments were noted in two STPs at a depth below 60 cm, but no cultural material was noted in these sediments. Based on these results, it does not appear that the subsurface deposits within P33-16950 extend into the ADI at the depths tested. The cultural material seen on the surface in the ADI in 2016 is part of a modern secondary deposition of cultural material. Therefore, the site boundary remains as defined in 2008 and does not extend into the ADI. These conclusions are based on the tested sample with STPs spaced 10 m apart and excavated to a depth of 80 cm. It is Caltrans’ policy to avoid cultural resources whenever possible. If buried cultural materials are encountered during construction, it is Caltrans’ policy that work stop in that area until a qualified archaeologist can evaluate the nature and significance of the find. Additional survey will be required if the Project changes to include areas not previously surveyed. 6 6.0 REFERENCES CITED Dibblee, Jr., Thomas and John A. Minch 2008 Geologic Map of the Palm Desert & Coachella 15 Minute Quadrangles. Eddy, J., M. Dahdul, H. Quinn, and M. Wetherbee 2008 Final Cultural Resources Report: Archaeological Testing and Evaluation of Site CA- RIV-8835 (33-16950), Assessor's Parcel No. 600-030-018, City of La Quinta, Riverside County, California. Prepared by CRM Tech. Report on file at Eastern Information Center, University of California, Riverside. Gust, Sherri, Desiree Martinez, Molly Valasik, and André Simmons 2016 Archaeological Survey Report for the Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project, La Quinta City, Riverside County, California. Federal Project No. BLRKS – 5433(014). Prepared for California Department of Transportation — District 8, San Bernardino. Prepared by Cogstone Resource Management Inc., Orange. Mason, Roger D. 2017 Extended Phase I Proposal for P33-16950, CA-RIV-8835 Dune Palms Road Low Water Crossing Replacement Project la Quinta, Riverside County. Prepared for Caltrans District 8, San Bernardino. ECORP Consulting, Inc. Santa Ana. Soilweb 2017 Online Soil Survey Browser. http://casoilresource.lawr.ucdavis.edu/gmap/ accessed May, 2017. 7 7.0 MAPS Study Vicinity Map (USGS 30 x 60 Minute Palm Springs, California, Quadrangle) Dune Palms Road Study Vicinity Map Dune Palms Road Low Water Crossing Replacement Project BLRKS-5433(014) Area of Potential Effects 0 2 Miles I Study Location Map (USGS 7.5 Minute La Quinta, California, Quadrangle) Dune Palms Road Study Location Map Dune Palms Road Low Water Crossing Replacement Project BLRKS-5433(014) Area of Potential Effects 0 1,000 Feet I D(D( D(D( D(D( D(D( D(D( D(D( D(D( D( D( D( Storm Wat e r C h a n n e l Storm Wat e r C h a n n e l CORPORATE CENTRE DR DUNE PALMS RD1 2 43 65 87 910 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 Study Site MapMap Date: 8/30/2017 Photo Source: Esri World Imagery Dune Palms RoadLocation: N:\2014\2014-173.001 Dune Palms Road\MAPS\Cultural_Resources\Overview_Maps\DP_SiteMap_detail_V2.mxd (MAG)-mguidry 8/30/2017 I 0 30 Meters Map Contents Area of Potential Effects Construction Limits (ADI) Site Boundary P33-16950 - 2008 Site Boundary P33-16950 - 2016 D(STP Site Detail Map Dune Palms Road Low Water Crossing Replacement Project BLRKS-5433(014) 11 8.0 TABLES SHOVEL TEST PIT (STP) RESULTS TABLE STP # Munsell Value (Surface) Munsell Value (80 cmbs) STP Terminal Depth (cmbs) Cultural Material Notes 1 10 YR 5/3 10 YR 4/2 80 None Modern trash noted to a depth of 25 cmbs 2 10 YR 5/3 10 YR 4/2 80 None Modern trash noted to a depth of 60 cmbs 3 10 YR 3/2 10 YR 5/2 80 None Increased clay content at approximately 45 cmbs 4 10 YR 5/3 10 YR 5/2 80 None Milled lumber fragments noted to a depth of 80 cmbs 5 10 YR 4/2 10 YR 4/2 80 None Modern trash noted to a depth of 60 cmbs 6 10 YR 3/2 10 YR 6/2 80 None Charcoal fragments and modern plastic noted at 40cmbs. 7 10 YR 5/3 10 YR 3/2 80 None Shell fragments and modern trash at a depth of 40 to 60 cmbs. 8 10 YR 5/2 10 YR 5/2 80 None Modern trash noted to a depth of 75 cmbs 9 10 YR 5/2 10 YR 3/2 80 None Modern trash noted to a depth of 80 cmbs 10 10 YR 6/2 10 YR 6/2 80 None Modern trash noted to a depth of 60 cmbs 11 10 YR 5/2 10 YR 5/2 80 None Modern trash noted to a depth of 80 cmbs 12 10 YR 5/2 10 YR 5/2 80 None Shell fragments and higher clay content from 60 to 80 cmbs. Modern trash noted to a depth of 60 cmbs 13 10 YR 6/2 10 YR 6/2 80 None Modern trash noted to a depth of 80 cmbs 14 10 YR 6/2 10 YR 5/2 80 None Modern trash noted to a depth of 60 cmbs 15 10 YR 6/2 10 YR 6/1 80 None Modern trash noted to a depth of 80 cmbs 16 10 YR 6/2 10 YR 5/2 80 None Modern trash noted to a depth of 60 cmbs 17 10 YR 5/2 10 YR 6/2 80 None Modern trash noted to a depth of 40 cmbs ATTACHMENT A PERMITS AND AGREEMENTS 2345 Searl Parkway ♦ Hemet, CA 92543 ♦ phone 951.791.0033 ♦ fax 951.791.0032 ♦ westerncentermuseum.org ECORP Consulting, Inc. July 10, 2017 Wendy Blumel 215 N. Fifth Street Redlands, CA 92374 RE: Curation of Dune Palms Road Low Water Crossing Replacement Project The Western Science Center will serve as a repository for this archaeology collection provided relevant standards and museum practices are fulfilled. Objects obtained through field surveys and mitigation contract activities in accordance with the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA), the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA), or similar state and federal requirements may be accepted by the Western Science Center (WSC) only upon prior approval in writing by the WSC Director or Collections Manager. Collections submitted for approval must meet the following requirements: (1) minimum standards for specimen preparation and associated documentation specimens are prepared and labeled for curation; field notes, photos, and field maps will be deposited with specimens at WSC; documentation includes accurate stratigraphic and geographic data that are tied to the listing of field numbers for localities and specimens; associated specimens must be clearly marked as having been found in association; use of archivally appropriate materials; (2) provision of associated data in electronic format; (3) payment of repository fees. The WSC will provide the current repository fee schedule; an electronic template for data (available in Excel and Access); and copies of relevant policy and ethics statements for activities relating to collecting and documenting archaeological materials upon request. Upon approval and receipt of collections, the WSC shall care for and house the collection according to standard museum protocol, and assume curatorial responsibility for such materials on behalf of the United States Government pursuant to 36 CFR 79. WSC adheres to professional standards for collections stewardship, registration, conservation, access and use as recommended by professional museum associations including the National Park Service Museum Management Division, the American Association of Museums, the Society for the Preservation of Natural History Collections, and the American Institute for Conservation. Material received will be housed in the WSC Curation Repository and will be made available for scientific analysis and study. Data will be available to qualified researchers, land managers, and government officials upon request. Darla Radford Collections Manager dradford@westerncentermuseum.org ATTACHMENT B DPR 523 RECORDS DPR 523A (1/95) *Required information State of California The Resources Agency DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION PRIMARY RECORD Primary # P33-16950 HRI # Trinomial CA-RIV-8835 NRHP Status Code 7 Other Listings Review Code Reviewer Date Page 1 of 3 *Resource Name or #: P1. Other Identifier: *P2. Location: Not for Publication Unrestricted *a. County: Riverside and (P2b and P2c or P2d. Attach a Location Map as necessary.) *b. USGS 7.5' Quad: La Quinta Date: 1959 (photorevised 1980) T 5S ; R 7E; SW ¼ of NE ¼ of Sec 29; S.B.B.M. c. Address: N/A City: La Quinta Zip: d.UTM: Zone: 10 ; 566960 mE/ 37330183 mN (G.P.S.) e. Other Locational Data: (e.g., parcel #, directions to resource, elevation, etc., as appropriate) Elevation: 57 feet AMSL. This site is located within an unpaved lot on the eastern side of Dune Palms Road, north of Highway 111 and directly south of the Whitewater channel. *P3a. Description: (Describe resource and its major elements. Include design, materials, condition, alterations, size, setting, and boundaries) This site was originally recorded by CRM Tech in 2008. They describe the site as containing a light scatter of burned clay, fire- affected rock, and pottery. Subsurface testing at the site was conducted by CRM Tech in 2008 using shovel test pits (STPs), hand- excavated units, and backhoe trenches. Subsurface archaeological material and human remains were found. In 2016, an updated survey by Cogstone identified additional ceramic sherds and daub along with one flake (debitage) to the northwest of the P33- 16950 site boundary. As a result, the site boundary was was extended northwest toward Dune Palms Road . In 2017, the City of La Quinta proposed to remove a the low water crossing along Dune Palms Road at the Whitewater river channel. The proposed area of direct impacts (ADI) overlapped the site boundary extension noted by Cogstone in 2016. Because this portion of the site had not been tested previously, an Extended Phase I subsurface investigation was completed to determine whether subsurface prehistoric archaeological deposits extend horizontally into the ADI (see continuation sheet). *P3b. Resource Attributes: (List attributes and codes) AP3 (Ceramic scatter); AP9 (Burials), AP15 (habitation debris) *P4. Resources Present:Building Structure Object Site District Element of District Other (Isolates, etc.) P5b. Description of Photo: STP 11 Complete. Detail view. 7/19/2017. Photo # 730. *P6. Date Constructed/Age and Sources: Historic Prehistoric Both *P7. Owner and Address: Private Owner *P8. Recorded by: Robert Cunningham, Andrew Myers, and Matthew Willenborg. ECORP Consulting, Inc. 215 N. Fifth Street, Redlands, CA 92374 *P9. Date Recorded: July 17 to 20, 2017 *P10. Survey Type: (Describe). Extended Phase I Testing *P11. Report Citation: Mason, Roger D. 2017 Extended Phase I Report for P19-16950, CA-RIV-8835 Dune Palms Road Low Water Crossing Replacement Project la Quinta, Riverside County. Prepared for Caltrans District 8, San Bernardino. ECORP Consulting, Inc. Santa Ana. *Attachments: NONE Location Map Sketch Map Continuation Sheet Building, Structure, and Object Record Archaeological Record District Record Linear Feature Record Milling Station Record Rock Art Record Artifact Record Photograph Record Other (List): DPR 523L (1/95) * Required information State of California - The Resources Agency DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION Primary #: P33-16950 CONTINUATION SHEET HRI#/Trinomial: CA-RIV-8835 Page 2 of 3 *Resource Name or Number (Assigned by recorder): *Recorded by: ECORP Consulting, Inc. *Date: July 20, 2017 Continuation Update P3a. Description (continued): In July 2017, ECORP consulting, Inc. excavated 17 STPs near Dune Palms Road within the 2016 extension of the site. No cultural material was identified within any of the 17 STPs excavated. The field crew noted charcoal within STP 6 at a depth of 40 centimeters below surface (cmbs). However, modern plastic was also noted at the same depth within STP 6 and there was no evidence that the charcoal was cultural or prehistoric in origin. Unmodified shell fragments were also noted in disturbed contexts (associated with modern debris) in STP 7 at a depth of 60 to 70 cmbs. The results from the STPs suggest that an intact subsurface deposit of prehistoric material from site P33-16950 is not present in the upper 80 cm of soil within the northwestern extension of P33-16950. In addition, evidence of previous disturbance was indicated by the presence of modern debris at depths exceeding 60 and 70 cmbs in 14 of the 17 STPs. Intact native sediments were noted in two STPs at a depth below 60 cmbs. No cultural materials were noted in these sediments. The results of the STPs showed that the material on the surface near the road is part of a modern secondary deposit. Therefore the site boundary reverts to the original site boundary defined in 2008 (see Sketch Map). Page X of X *Resource Name or #: P33-16950 *Drawn By: Robert Cunningham and Andrew Myers *Date: 7/17/2017 State of California - The Resources Agency DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATIONSKETCH MAP Primary #HRI #Trinomial DPR 523K (1/95) *Required Information D(D( D(D( D(D( D(D( D(D( D(D( D(D( D( D( D( Storm Wat e r C h a n n e l Storm Wat e r C h a n n e l Dune Palms RoadDune Palms Road9 7 8 5 6 3 4 21 17 16 15 1413 1211 10 0 30 6015 Meters I 0 100 20050 Feet Legend Site Boundary - 2008 Site Boundary - 2016 D(STP (ID #)Location: N:\2014\2014-173.001 Dune Palms Road\MAPS\Cultural_Resources\sketch_maps\P33-16950_Sketch.mxd ()-mguidry 8/30/2017 ATTACHMENT C PHOTOGRAPHS PHOTOGRAPH RECORD Page 1 of 1 - Resource Name or #: Dune Palms XPI 2014-173.001/002 Year 2017 Camera Format: Digital Lens Size: 35mm Film Type and Speed: Digital Negatives Kept at: ECORP Consulting, Inc. Mo. Day Time Exp./Frame Subject/Description View Toward Accession # 7 17 0698 Project area overview South 7 17 0699 STP1 Surface North 7 17 0700 STP1 complete North 7 17 0701 STP2 Surface South 7 17 0702 STP1 Backfilled South 7 17 0703 STP2 complete South 7 17 0704 STP4 Surface South 7 17 0705 STP4 complete South 7 17 0706 STP2 backfilled South 7 17 0707 STP4 backfilled South 7 17 0708 STP3 Surface South 7 17 0709 STP3 complete South 7 17 0710 STP3 backfilled South 7 18 0711 STP6 Surface South 7 18 0712 STP6 complete South 7 18 0713 STP5 Surface South 7 18 0714 STP6 backfilled South 7 18 0715 STP5 complete South 7 18 0716 STP5 backfilled South 7 18 0717 STP8 Surface South 7 18 0718 STP8 complete South 7 18 0719 STP8 backfilled South 7 18 0720 STP7 Surface North 7 18 0721 STP7 complete North 7 18 0722 STP9 Surface North 7 18 0723 STP7 backfilled North 7 18 0724 STP9 complete North 7 18 0725 STP9 backfilled North 7 19 0726 STP10 Surface South 7 19 0727 STP10 complete South 7 19 0728 STP10 backfilled South 7 19 0729 STP11 Surface **Photo board level incorrect** South 7 19 0730 STP11 complete South 7 19 0731 STP11 backfilled South 7 19 0732 STP13 Surface North 7 19 0733 STP13 complete North 7 19 0734 STP13 backfilled North 7 19 0735 STP12 Surface North 7 19 0736 STP12 complete North 7 19 0737 STP12 backfilled North 7 20 0738 STP14 Surface North 7 20 0739 STP14 complete North 7 20 0740 STP14 backfilled North 7 20 0741 STP15 Surface North 7 20 0742 STP15 complete North 7 20 0743 STP15 backfilled North 7 20 0744 STP16 Surface North 7 20 0745 STP16 Surface North 7 20 0746 STP16 complete North 7 20 0747 STP16 backfilled North 7 20 0749 STP17 Surface North 7 20 0750 STP17 Complete North 7 20 0751 STP17 backfilled North 7 20 0752 Project area overview North 7 20 0753 Project area overview South ATTACHMENT E Native American Consultation Dune Palms Road Low Water Crossing Replacement Project Native American Contacts Native American Group/Individual Date(s) and Method of First Contact Attempt Date(s) and Method of Second Attempt Date(s) and Method of Third Attempt Date(s) and Method of Fourth Attempt Date(s) of Replies Received Comments Agua Caliente Band of Mission Indians Patricia Garcia, THPO Jeff Grubbe, Chairperson Letter, 11/12/2014 12/1/2014, email sent 12/9/2014 email updated 6/18/2015, email sent 12/10/2014, email On December 11th, 2014, Ms. Garcia on behalf of the Agua Caliente Band of Mission Indians indicated that the project area is not located within the boundaries of Tribe's Reservation. However, it is within the Tribe's Traditional Use area (TUA). They requested 1) the presence of an approved Native American Cultural Resource Monitor during any ground disturbing activities (including archaeological testing and surveys). If buried cultural deposit are encountered, the Monitor may request that destructive construction halt and that the Monitor shall notify a Qualified Archaeologist (Secretary of the Interior Standards and Guidelines) to investigate and, if necessary, prepare a mitigation plan for submission to the State Historic Preservation Officer and the Agua Caliente Tribal Historic Preservation office; 20 the presence of an archaeologist that meets the Secretary of the Interior' standards during any ground disturbing activities; 3) Copies of any cultural resource documentation generated in connection with this project; 4) a copy of the records search with associated survey reports and site records from the information center; 5) The Tribe expressed their concern about site CA-RIV-6190 because it was recorded within the project Area; and 6) a meeting with the lead agency. Agua Caliente Band of Cahuilla Indians Patricia Garcia-Plotkin, THPO Letter, 4/18/ 2017 5/31/ 2017, phone 6/25/ 2017, phone ECORP contacted Patricia Garcia-Plotkin, THPO, via telephone on May 31, 2017 to ask if the Agua Caliente Band wished to provide Native American monitors for the project. The Agua Caliente Band agreed to supply a Native American monitor on June 25, 2017. A monitor from the Agua Caliente Band monitored the Extended Phase I field work. Augustine Band of Mission Indians Mary Ann Green, Chairperson Letter, 11/12/2014 12/1/2014, voicemail Contact Complete 6/18/2015, email sent 11/2/2014, letter (dated 11/25/2014) On November 25th, 2014 Ms. Green indicated that she is unaware of specific cultural resources that may be affected by the proposed Dune Palms project. However she recommended that a Native American monitor be present during all pre-construction and construction phases of the project. She also asked to be notified if any cultural resources are discovered Augustine Band of Mission Indians Karen Kupcha Letter, 11/12/2014 12/1/2014, email sent Contact Complete 6/18/2015, email sent 11/2/2014, letter (dated 11/25/2014) On November 25th, 2014 Ms.Kupcha on behalf of the Augustine Band of Mission Indians indicated that she is unaware of specific cultural resources that may be affected by the proposed Dune Palms project. However she recommended that a Native American monitor be present during all pre-construction and construction phases of the project. She also asked to be notified if any cultural resources are discovered Augustine Band of Mission Indians Karen Kupcha Letter, 4/18/ 2017 5/2/2017 William Vance, Tribal Vice Chairman of the Augustine Band of Cahuilla Mission Indians, replied that the Band is unaware of specific cultural resources that may be affected by the proposed project. They recommended that a qualified Native American monitor be present during construction and they wish to be notified if any cultural resources are discovered. Cabazon Band of Mission Indians, Judy Strapp, Director of Cultural Affairs Doug Welmas, Chairperson Letter, 11/12/2014 12/1/2014, email Contact Complete 6/18/2015, email sent 12/2/2014, letter dated 11/19/2014 On November 19th, 2014, Ms. Judy Strapp on behalf of the Cabazon Mission Indians indicated that the Dune Palms Project is located outside of the Tribe's current reservation boundaries. The Tribe has no specific archival information on the site indicating that it may be a sacred/religious site or other site of Native American cultural value. Native American Group/Individual Date(s) and Method of First Contact Attempt Date(s) and Method of Second Attempt Date(s) and Method of Third Attempt Date(s) and Method of Fourth Attempt Date(s) of Replies Received Comments Cahuilla Band of Indians Luther Salgado, Chairman Letter, 11/12/2014 12/1/2014, email 12/9/2014, phone conversation, email sent contact information updated 6/18/2015, email sent Mr. Salgado gave his updated information and received a digital copy of the consultation letter. No response received. Cahuilla Band of Indians Luther Salgado, Chairman Letter, 4/18/ 2017 No response received. Los Coyotes Band of Cahuilla and Cupeno Indians John Parada Shane Chapparosa, Chairman Letter, 11/12/2014 12/1/2014 voicemail 12/1/2014, Unavailable 6/18/2015, email sent 12/9/2014 voicemail, John Parada 12/9/2014, Cogstone was informed that John Prada is responsible for Native American consultation. A email and voicemail were sent to John Parada. No response received. Morongo Band of Mission Indians William Madrigal Jr., Cultural Resources Manager Ernest Silva, Tribal Elder Robert Martin, Chairperson, Raymond Huaute Cultural Resources Manager Letter, 11/12/2014 12/1/2014, email sent Contact Complete 6/18/2015, email sent 12/2/2014, email and 6/30/2015 On December 2, 2014 Denisa Torres on behalf of the Tribe and indicated that the Dune Palms Project is located outside of the Morongo Band of Mission Indian's reservation boundaries but within an area that may be considered a traditional use area or one in which the Tribe has cultural ties (e.g. Cahuilla/Serrano territory). The asked that 1 )If human remains are encountered during grading and other construction excavation, work in the immediate vicinity shall cease and the County Coroner shall be contacted pursuant to State Health and Safety Code §7050.5 and; 2) In the event that Native American cultural resources are discovered during project development/construction, all work in the immediate vicinity of the find shall cease and a qualified archaeologist meeting Secretary of Interior standards shall be hired to assess the find. Work on the overall project may continue during this assessment period. If significant Native American cultural resources are discovered, for which a Treatment Plan must be prepared, the developer or his archaeologist shall contact the Morongo Band of Mission Indians. Additionally, if requested by the Tribe, the developer or the project archaeologist shall, in good faith, consult on the discovery and its disposition (e.g. avoidance, preservation, return of artifacts to tribe, etc.). On June 30, 2015, Ray Huaute responded that the tribe is aware there were several prehistoric villages in the vicinity of this project and that one of the sites has already been excavated. He strongly recommends having a tribal monitor present during all ground disturbing activities. Additionally he stated that Morongo tribal monitors are available in the event that monitors from any of the other Cahuilla tribes with cultural ties to the area are not able to be secured. Morongo Band of Mission Indians Ernest Silva, Tribal Elder Letter, 4/18/ 2017 No response received. Ramona Band of Mission Indians Joseph Hamilton, Chairman John Gomez, Environmental Coordinator Martin Hamilton, Vice Chairperson Letter, 11/12/2014 12/1/2014, email 12/9/2014, phone 6/18/2015, email sent 12/9/2014, phone 12/9/2014 Mr. John Gomez is responsible for Native American Consultation, he requested a digital copy of the letter to his new email. No response received. Santa Rosa Band of Mission Indians Terry Hughes, Tribal Administrator John Marcus, Chairman Letter, 11/12/2014 12/1/2014, email Contact Complete 6/18/2015, email sent 12/1/2014, phone 12/1/2014, the tribal administrator for the Santa Rosa Band of Mission Indians informed Cogstone that the City of La Quinta is in the jurisdiction of the Cabazon and to please defer to them for consultation. Native American Group/Individual Date(s) and Method of First Contact Attempt Date(s) and Method of Second Attempt Date(s) and Method of Third Attempt Date(s) and Method of Fourth Attempt Date(s) of Replies Received Comments Torres-Martinez Desert Cahuilla Indians Mary Resvaloso, Chairperson Mike Mirelez, Cultural Resources Director Letter, 11/12/2014 12/1/2014, email 12/9/2014 voicemail, email sent to updated email address 6/18/2015, email sent 11/24/2015, email and voicemail 12/1/2015, email and phone 12/8/2015, phone 12/9/2014 Mr. Ferrar on behalf of the Torres Martinez Desert Cahuilla Indians indicated that he was the contact person for the Tribe. He indicated that he received the consultation letter asked for associated cultural and environmental reports related to the project area. Appropriate documents were sent, waiting for final response. 12/1/2016 Mirelez on behalf of the Torres Martinez Desert Cahuilla Indians asked for the project materials to be resent via email, materials sent on 12/1/2015. 12/8/2015 called to follow up, did not receive map. Resent on 12/8/2015. Mirelez requested an on-site meeting with Martinez meeting on 12/8/2015 or 12/9/2016. Mirelez and Gary Resvaloso met with Martinez at P-19-was the Cultural Consultant and Tribal Monitor during the CRM Tech excavations at CA-RIV-8835. He stated that the MLD has since passed, and Torres-Martinez has no documentation regarding the reburial location of the cremated remains. Resvaloso further stated that usually the MLD would rebury ancestors on the Torres-Martinez reservation, but it is not known if this occurred in this instance. If the reburial occurred on the parcel, it would have been within the 2008 boundaries. Further Resvaloso stated that Torres-Martinez considers the whole area from Washington to Jefferson Streets to be one huge village site. Torres-Martinez Desert Cahuilla Indians Mike Mirelez, Cultural Resources Director Letter, 4/18/ 2017 5/31/ 2017, phone 6/20/ 2017, phone Michael Mirelez was contacted via telephone on May 31, 2017 to ask if Torres-Martinez wished to provide Native American monitors for the project. He stated they did want to provide a monitor. However, in a telephone call on June 20, 2017 Mr. Mirelez stated that the Tribe could not find a qualified monitor. Mr. Mirelez deferred to the Agua Caliente for Native American monitoring for the study. 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 NOTE: Confidential Map Sent to Tribes Showing Boundary for P-33-16950 (CA-RIV-8835) Removed From this Appendix Due to Confidentiality Issues. Map is Included in Appendix D as Figure Appendix D-4 99 100 101 1801 Park Court Place, Building B, Suite 103 ● Santa Ana, CA 92701 ● Tel: (714) 648-0630 ● Fax: (714) 648-0935 ● www.ecorpconsulting.com RECORD OF CONVERSATION Date: May 31, 2017 Wendy Blumel of ECORP Consulting, Inc. spoke with Name: Michael Mirelez Affiliation: Cultural Resources Coordinator, Torres-Martinez Desert Cahuilla Indians Phone: (760) 399-0022 Address: P.O. Box 1160, Thermal, CA 92274 Regarding: Dune Palms Road Extended Phase I Testing Project, La Quinta _____________________________________________________________ Summary of Conversation: Mr. Mirelez stated that the Torres-Martinez were interested in providing a Tribal monitor for ECORP’s Extended Phase I Testing Project in La Quinta. He stated that the Torres- Martinez have their own contract that he would supply to ECORP. In addition, he requested that ECORP provide a copy of their testing proposal. 1801 Park Court Place, Building B, Suite 103 ● Santa Ana, CA 92701 ● Tel: (714) 648-0630 ● Fax: (714) 648-0935 ● www.ecorpconsulting.com RECORD OF CONVERSATION Date: June 20, 2017 Wendy Blumel of ECORP Consulting, Inc. spoke with Name: Michael Mirelez Affiliation: Cultural Resources Coordinator, Torres-Martinez Desert Cahuilla Indians Phone: (760) 399-0022 Address: P.O. Box 1160, Thermal, CA 92274 Regarding: Dune Palms Road Extended Phase I Testing Project, La Quinta _____________________________________________________________ Summary of Conversation: Mr. Mirelez spoke with Wendy Blumel from ECORP about providing a Tribal monitor for the Dune Palms Road Extended Phase I project in La Quinta. Mr. Mirelez stated that the Tribe was interested in providing a monitor for the project, but was having a hard time finding someone who met the insurance requirements needed for the project. He asked what the schedule for starting the project was and Ms. Blumel informed Mr. Mirelez that the project was ready to start once the Tribal monitors were set up. Ms. Blumel also informed him that a contract was already in process with the Agua Caliente to provide Tribal monitoring, but ECORP wanted to ensure that the Torres Martinez had an opportunity to provide monitors as well. Mr. Mirelez stated that, because they were having a hard time finding a monitor for the project, he would defer to the Agua Caliente for Native American monitoring for this project, but would hopefully get someone on staff that would be available for future projects. He said they have no comments on the Dune Palms Road Extended Phase I Proposal. 1801 Park Court Place, Building B, Suite 103 ● Santa Ana, CA 92701 ● Tel: (714) 648-0630 ● Fax: (714) 648-0935 ● www.ecorpconsulting.com RECORD OF CONVERSATION Date: May 31, 2017 Wendy Blumel of ECORP Consulting, Inc. spoke with Name: Patricia Garcia-Plotkin Affiliation: Director, Tribal Historic Preservation Office Agua Caliente Band of Cahuilla Indians Phone: (760) 699-6907 Address: 5401 Dinah Shore Drive, Palm Springs, CA 92264 Regarding: Dune Palms Road Extended Phase I Project, La Quinta _____________________________________________________________ Summary of Conversation: Ms. Garcia-Plotkin stated that the Agua Caliente were interested in providing Tribal monitors during ECORP’s Extended Phase I testing for the Dune Palms project. She stated that the contracting process typically takes about two weeks, and she would send a request draft agreement to ECORP to get the process started. Ms. Garcia-Plotkin requested a copy of ECORP’s Extended Phase I Testing proposal and the Caltrans Project Number, if available. 1801 Park Court Place, Building B, Suite 103 ● Santa Ana, CA 92701 ● Tel: (714) 648-0630 ● Fax: (714) 648-0935 ● www.ecorpconsulting.com RECORD OF CONVERSATION Date: June 20, 2017 Roger Mason of ECORP Consulting, Inc. spoke with Name: Patricia Garcia-Plotkin Affiliation: Director, Tribal Historic Preservation Office Agua Caliente Band of Cahuilla Indians Phone: (760) 699-6907 Address: 5401 Dinah Shore Drive, Palm Springs, CA 92264 Regarding: Dune Palms Road Extended Phase I Project, La Quinta _____________________________________________________________ Summary of Conversation: Ms. Garcia-Plotkin stated that she understands that ECORP has no requested changes to the Native American monitoring agreement that she sent. The Agua Caliente legal department will process the agreement and send us the agreement to sign. She received the Dune Palms Road Extended Phase I Proposal and has no comments. ATTACHMENT F HISTORICAL RESOURCES EVALUATION REPORT(HRER) Dune Palms Low Water Bridge Replacement HRER HISTORICAL RESOURCES EVALUATION REPORT FOR THE DUNE PALMS ROAD LOW-WATER CROSSING REPLACEMENT PROJECT, LA QUINTA, RIVERSIDE COUNTY, CALIFORNIA Federal Project No. BLRKS – 5433(014) Prepared for California Department of Transportation—District 8 464 W. 4th St San Bernardino CA 92401 Peer Reviewed by: ________________ ______10/12/16________ Andrea Galvin, Principal Architectural Historian, GPA Consulting Date 231 California Street, El Segundo, CA 90245 Author: C. Lynn Furnis, M.A., Architectural Historian, Cogstone, 1518 W Taft Avenue, Orange, CA 92865 Reviewed by: _____________________________________________ _________________ Andrew Walters Date Principal Investigator, Architectural History (PQS) Caltrans District 8, Environmental Support – Cultural Studies Division 464 West Fourth Street, 8th Floor, MS-825 San Bernardino, CA 92401-1400 Approved by: ____________________________________________ _________________ Date Andrew Walters, Branch Chief Caltrans District 8, Environmental Support – Cultural Studies 464 West Fourth Street, 8th Floor, MS-825 San Bernardino, CA 92401-1400 October 2016 Dune Palms Low Water Bridge Replacement HRER ii SUMMARY OF FINDINGS The proposed project involves the replacement of the existing low-water crossing spanning the Coachella Valley Storm Water Channel (CVSC) at Dune Palms Road with an all-weather access bridge in the City of La Quinta, California. The improvements would provide safe access across the channel during all weather events, provide reliable routes for emergency vehicles, motorist, pedestrains and bicyclists and achieve the City’s General Plan goals for the corridor. The bridge is funded by the federal Highway Bridge Project (HBP) program. Caltrans District 8, on behalf of FHWA, is the federal lead agency for this project. The project requires compliance with the January 2014 First Amended Programmatic Agreement Among the Federal Highway Administration, the Advisory Council on Historic Preservation, the California State Historic Preservation Officer, and the California Department of Transportation Regarding Compliance with Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act, as it pertains to the Administration of the Federal-Aid Highway Program in California (PA). The record search at the Eastern Information Center determined that no built environment resources had previously been recorded within the Area of Potential Effects (APE). The APE was surveyed by a qualified architectural historian and only the Dune Palms Mobile Estates Park located within APN 600-030-010 was determined to have constituents older than 45 years and would therefore require evaluation. The buildings on this parcel were identified, recorded, and evaluated per National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) and California Register of Historic Resources (CRHR) eligibility criteria to determine if they qualified for listing for either register. The mobile home park was evaluated as a historic district. There were no other buildings or structures within the APE but outside the boundary of the mobile home park that are more than 45 years of age or older that would require individual evaluation for historic significance. The mobile home park does not appear eligible for listing on the NRHP or on the CRHR as a historic district, nor do any individual resources within appear eligible for either listing individually. The results of the survey of the project APE for built environment resources determined that there are no historic properties present within the APE for the purposes of Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA) or any historical resources for the purposes of the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA). Dune Palms Low Water Bridge Replacement HRER iii TABLE OF CONTENTS SUMMARY OF FINDINGS ......................................................................................................................................II PROJECT DESCRIPTION ........................................................................................................................................ 1 AREA OF POTENTIAL EFFECTS .................................................................................................................................... 4 RESEARCH METHODS ............................................................................................................................................ 4 FIELD METHODS...................................................................................................................................................... 5 HISTORICAL OVERVIEW ...................................................................................................................................... 6 HISTORIC THEMES ...................................................................................................................................................... 7 DESCRIPTION OF CULTURAL RESOURCES .................................................................................................... 9 FINDINGS AND CONCLUSIONS .......................................................................................................................... 12 FINDINGS .................................................................................................................................................................. 12 Historic properties listed in the National Register .............................................................................................. 12 Resources Previously Determined Eligible for the National REgister ................................................................ 12 Resources Previously Determined Not Eligible for the National Register .......................................................... 14 Historic Properties Determined Eligible for the National Register As a Result of the Current Study ................ 14 Resources Determined Not Eligible for the National Register as a Result of the Current Study ........................ 14 Resources for Which Further Study Is Needed Because Evaluation Was Not Possible ...................................... 14 Historical Resources for the Purposes of CEQA ................................................................................................. 14 Resources that are not historical resources under CEQA, per CEQA Guidelines §15064.5, because they do not meet the California Register criteria outlined in PRC §5024.1........................................................................... 14 CONCLUSIONS .......................................................................................................................................................... 15 BIBLIOGRAPHY ...................................................................................................................................................... 16 APPENDIX A. PREPARER’S QUALIFICATIONS ............................................................................................. 19 APPENDIX B. MAPS ................................................................................................................................................ 21 APPENDIX C. DPR 523 FORMS ............................................................................................................................ 27 LIST OF FIGURES FIGURE 1. AERIAL VIEW OF DUNE PALMS MOBILE HOME PARK ................................................................................. 11 FIGURE 2. DUNE PALMS TRAILER PARK DISTRICT ...................................................................................................... 13 Dune Palms Low Water Bridge Replacement HRER 1 PROJECT DESCRIPTION The proposed project involves the replacement of the existing low-water crossing spanning the Coachella Valley Storm Water Channel (CVSC) at Dune Palms Road with an all-weather access bridge in the City of La Quinta, California (Project) (Appendix B, Map 1). The improvements would provide safe access across the channel during all weather events, provide reliable routes for emergency vehicles, motorist, pedestrains and bicyclists and achieve the City’s General Plan goals for the corridor. The Project is located immediately north of State Route 111 and south of Westward Ho Drive in the City of La Quinta, western Riverside County, California (Appendix B, Map 2). Located entirely within the city limits of La Quinta, the Project is depicted on the La Quinta 7.5 minute USGS quadrangle in Sections 20 and 29; Township 5 South, Range 7 East, San Bernardino Baseline and Meridian. The existing roadway crosses the CVSC at the channel grade. The roadway width is 68 feet at the crossing, and consists of one northbound and two southbound through lanes, an eight foot wide walkway area along the western edge, and an eight-foot wide shoulder along the eastern edge of the road, and no median. The existing roadway approach south of the crossing consists of one northbound and two southbound through lanes. The northern roadway approach consists of one through lane in each direction. The transition from one to two lanes in the southbound direction occurs at the midpoint of the channel crossing. Dune Palms Road becomes a four lane roadway with a median approximately one-quarter mile north of the channel low-water crossing and just south of the project limits. The roadway section just north of the crossing will be widened as part of an approved City project. The project was originally approved with a Mitigated Negative Declaration under CEQA in April 2010. The Project proposes to remove the existing low-water crossing on Dune Palms Road at the CVSC in the City of La Quinta, Riverside County. The crossing would be replaced with a 480- foot long and 86-foot wide three-span bridge. The bridge typical section consists of a six-foot sidewalk on both sides of the bridge, two (2) 8-foot outside shoulders also serving as bike/golf cart lanes, a 10-foot raised median, two (2) 11-foot travel lanes, and two (2) 12-foot travel lanes. The proposed configuration will be consistent with the existing four lane roadway section to the south, and the City’s current improvement project to the north (project number 2009-04), which will widen Dune Palms Road from two to four lanes with a median and left turn lanes. The proposed improvements would include reconstruction of the north and south bridge approaches to accommodate the significant raised profile of the roadway. In order to match the roadway section on the south side of the bridge, the project’s construction limits will be extended to within 239 feet of Highway 111. On the north side of the bridge, the project construction Dune Palms Low Water Bridge Replacement HRER 2 limits would be extended to include a vacant lot immediately north of the project limits. The vacant lot is owned by the City and would be offered by the City in the bidding documents to be used for storage and construction staging by the contractor for the construction of this project. As a part of the bridge construction, concrete slope protection would be installed along the north side of the channel. Additionally, minor removal and replacement of slope protection would be required on the south side of the channel west of the proposed bridge and extension of slope protection approximately 300 feet downstream of the proposed bridge. The slope protection is needed for scour countermeasures. As a result of the proposed cast-in-place drilled shaft bridge construction, scour protection within the bottom of the channel should not be required. As a result of the existing low water crossing acting as a quasi-grade control structure for the CVSC, sediment has been deposited on the upstream side of the channel from Dune Palms Road since the original construction. Additionally, on the downstream side of the Dune Palms Road crossing, the channel has an area of scour. Therefore the elevation differential between the upstream and downstream channel bottom is approximately eleven (11) feet; therefore the project will grade the bottom of the channel 300 feet up and down stream of the crossing to provide a uniform channel bottom slope within the project area. The project will also include the following additional improvements: • Railing Architectural treatment. The bridge design will incorporate railing architectural treatment as required by the City’s standard design. • Integration of a regional Bike/Pedestrian/NEV corridor (CV Link). The Coachella Valley Association of Governments (CVAG) and the communities within the Coachella Valley are working together on the implementation of a regional Bike/Pedestrian/NEV corridor (CV Link) along Whitewater River and Coachella Valley Storm Water Channel. The project design will be consistent with these plans by allowing for the integration of a trail under crossing within the southern slope protection, which also includes a trail connector to the pedestrian and bike facilities proposed along Dune Palms Road in the project area. • Utility Relocation. The project will also require utility relocations for overhead electrical distribution lines (Imperial Irrigation District facility), adjustment to both water valve can and lids and the manhole covers, minor 12-inch ductile iron pipe water main relocations at each bridge abutment, and relocation of both a 12-inch and 18-inch sewer line at the northern bridge abutment. Both the water main and sewer line relocations would be minor in nature, with the relocation limited to the existing road right and or channel of way. The relocation of the overhead electrical lines is considered by IID as a minor relocation, due to a parallel underground system along the west side of Dune Palms Road. The project will Dune Palms Low Water Bridge Replacement HRER 3 coordinate with IID on providing the missing underground link crossing the channel through the placement of conduit on the proposed bridge. The placement of the electrical system on the bridge will mostly likely allow IID to eliminate the overhead distribution facility along the east side of the road. For the water main, the relocation is also considered minor by CVWD standards. The two possible solutions for relocation would be either minor realignment work at the two abutments to eliminate any possible conflicts with abutment construction or relocation of the full length crossing the channel onto the bridge. The Project would require right-of-way acquisition from three parcels within the APE, located inthe northeast, southwest and southeast corners of the proposed bridge (APN’s 600-030-010, 600-390-021 and 600-030-018 respectively). APN’s 600-030-010 and 600-030-018 will require both street right of way acquisition as well as a temporary construction easement, and APN 600- 390-021 will require only a temporary construction easement. Note, the Project will not require any additional street right of way or construction easements from the High School property (APN 600-010-004) located at the northwest corner of the project area. The existing development at the northeast corner of the proposed bridge consists of a Mobile Home Park with one single family home, which is the park manager’s residence and, though outside the park fence, is part of the park (APN 600-030-010). Some of the mobile homes adjacent to the Dune Palms Road are encroaching within the street right of way. The project may require the acquisition of the single-family home site and relocation of two mobile homes. The existing roadway will be modified to construct a temporary bypass road. The temporary bypass will allow for staged construction of the bridge, and maintaining vehicle and pedestrian access at all times. Temporary and short term access impacts may occur during construction, and will require coordination with property owners, the public, and other stakeholders. Dune Palms Low Water Bridge Replacement HRER 4 AREA OF POTENTIAL EFFECTS The Area of Potential Effects (APE) includes both horizontal and vertical limits (Appendix B, Maps 3 and 5). The horizontal limits of the APE north of the CVSC are along the existing street right-of-way, along the west side of Dune Palms Road and include the entire intersection of Westward Ho Drive/Blackhawk Way and Dune Palms Road. The eastern extent of the APE north of the CVSC includes the intersection of Westward Ho Drive/Blackhawk Way and Dune Palms Road and continues east approximately 500 feet to encompass the city-owned Accessor’s Parcel Numbers (APNs) 600-030-020, 600-030-004, and 600-030-021 as well as privately- owned APNs 600-030-019 and 600-030-010. The 35,000 square foot staging area is located within APNs 600-030-021 and 600-030-004. The Dune Palms Mobile Estates mobile home park is located within APN 600-030-010. South of the Dune Palms Mobile Estates, the APE includes an approximately 750 foot wide section of the CVSC; this includes approximately 450 feet east of Dune Palms Road and approximately 300 feet west of Dune Palms Road. South of the CVSC, the western limit includes all of APN 600-390-021 as well as portions of the La Quinta Corporate Center (APNs 600-390-023 and 600-390-010). The eastern extent of the APE south of the CVSC includes the entire APN 600-030-018. The typical maximum vertical depth APE outside of the channel area would be 1 foot of excavation in undisturbed areas and up to 4 feet of excavation within the existing roadway street section, notwithstanding the above noted roadway approach fill areas. The maximum vertical depth APE for the portion of the project within the channel area is up to 80 feet of excavation for the bridge piers and up to 40 feet of excavation along the channel banks for the installation of the concrete slope protection. The construction of bridge piers would be accomplished by a large diameter (8 foot) auger. The APE totals 48.5 acres. RESEARCH METHODS Cogstone staff conducted a search for archaeological and historical records at the Eastern Information Center (EIC) for a one-mile radius around the APE on October 29, 2014. During the records search, the following sources were consulted: • California Historical Resources Inventory System (CHRIS) • National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) • California Historical Landmarks (CHL) • California Historical Resources Inventory (HRI) • California Points of Interest (PHI) • California Register of Historical Resources (CRHR) Dune Palms Low Water Bridge Replacement HRER 5 Online resources consulted include the City of La Quinta Historic Resources Inventory Database (HRID), historic topographic maps and historic aerial maps. Published and online references were consulted to develop a history of the APE vicinity. The record search did not locate any recorded built environmental structures within the APE. Within the one-mile search area, one historic structure was previously recorded, located outside the APE. Site P-33-4756 (CA-RIV-4756/H) is a historic-age concrete water valve tower with associated pipes and a fence along Adams Street. It was recommended as not eligible for NRHP listing by the surveyors. See the Archaeological Survey Report (ASR) for more details. In-person visits were made to the City of La Quinta Building Department and to the County of Riverside Building Department and Assessor’s Office on August 6, 2015 and on March 3, 2016. Cogstone staff also visited the Dune Palms Mobile Home Park on two separate occasions to conduct a survey and interview the Park Manager for information about the Park. Themes that are relevant to this Project include “Desert Recreation” and “Trailer and Mobile Home Parks” as they relate to the post-World War II years, from 1945 to 1975 in the Southern California desert. The two themes are interconnected and are treated as one here because trailer parks first came into existence in the region through recreational and travel activities. FIELD METHODS A field survey was performed on August 6, 2015, by Architectural Historian Lynn Furnis, M.A. The survey consisted of a pedestrian-level investigation of the historic built-environment resources located in the APE. Fieldwork included examining the style, construction, and materials of the built-environment resources, and recording and photographing those resources, which were mostly located in the south half of the park, since most of the mobile homes in the north half were known to have been moved to the park sometime after 1972 and, therefore, would be less than 45 years old. The row of mobile homes in the north half that border Dune Palms Road are the exception and they were recorded. They stand along a row that had been occupied by mobile homes prior to 1972 and some are old enough to have been there since that time. The data collected was then used to prepare the California Department of Parks and Recreation (DPR) 523 series site forms. Dune Palms Low Water Bridge Replacement HRER 6 HISTORICAL OVERVIEW The City of La Quinta began as a “watering hole” for gold miners traveling through the Coachella Valley on their way to Arizona. In 1862, Major William Bradshaw transported miners through the Valley and stopped at Point Happy (corner of Washington Street and Highway 111) which soon became a way station for stagecoaches and freight wagons traveling the Bradshaw trail (Soltys 2005:175). In 1876, the Southern Pacific Railroad (SPRR) constructed tracks through the region that today parallel US 86; they are now Union Pacific Railroad (UPRR) tracks and are located 9 miles east of the Project Area. The coming of the railroad spurred a new local industry. In the 1880s, enterprising growers in Coachella Valley imported date palms from the Middle East in an effort to produce dates for the American market (Miller 2012). The center of this effort was at nearby Indio and the effort was extremely successful. Coachella Valley’s dates comprise approximately 95 per cent of all dates consumed in the United States. The date palms provided a strong agricultural industry in the valley, with their fruit dependent on the local railroad for shipping to distant markets. The proliferation of date production was responsible for the founding of several Middle East inspired towns, such as Indio, Mecca, Oasis, and the now defunct Arabia and Edom (Miller 2012). The historical settlement pattern is reflected in land patents granted by the Government Land Office, which show that the Southern Pacific Railroad Company was granted patents in 1866 and the State of California in 1927 (BLM n.d.). In 1926, Walter Morgan founded the La Quinta Resort which attracted Hollywood celebrities and established La Quinta as a resort destination for Los Angeles’ wealthy population. The City of La Quinta, named for the Resort, was incorporated in 1982 and maintains a seasonal population and reputation as a premier resort town (City of La Quinta 2014). The 1904 USGS topographic quadrangle, the earliest available, shows no development or any other features near the APE with the exception of the Whitewater River. Highway 111 and Dune Palms Road are first depicted on the 1941 Toro Peak USGS 15 min. quadrangle. According to one article, there were more than 32 trailer parks in the Coachella Valley in the 1950s (Brown 2014). At this time, after World War II, people sought inexpensive recreation, often bringing their travel trailer with them to desert, beach, and mountain destinations. The many trailer parks around Palm Springs offered those seeking fall and winter sun and warmth, safe and familiar facilities, to which many of them returned year after year. Each park served as a small community, many of them having their own stores, restaurants, and recreational facilities such as heated pools and shuffleboards. The Dune Palms Mobile Home Park (parcel 600-030-010), as it was first called, was established in 1949, or shortly before (The Desert Sun 1949:13). A classified advertisement from December Dune Palms Low Water Bridge Replacement HRER 7 16, 1949 reads, under “Trailer Space” “DUNE PALMS Trailer Park, new, quiet, beautiful view of desert and mountains. Restful grass patio. On Dune Palms Rd, just off Highway 111, ½ mile west of Sun Gold Date Gardens. Reasonable rates” (The Desert Sun 1949:9). This park was probably always a more simple, plain, basic type of trailer park, as it remains today. According to the present park manager, the park was established in 1951 and at one time had a pond on the property (Michael Moss, March 3, 2016, personal communication). The 1972 aerial photograph shows the pond, located in the northeast quadrant of the park (NETR 1972). The 1972 aerial photograph is also the first to depict the Dune Palms Trailer Park (NETR 1972); it also appears on the 1973 La Quinta USGS 7.5 min. quadrangle. Though the park had been established in 1949, and presumably accommodated primarily small travel trailers, by 1972, it was providing lots primarily for larger, more long-term single-wide mobile homes. These were located primarily in the south half of the park. Much of the north half was vacant in 1972. It is possible that that portion of the park was reserved for winter visitors in their travel trailers, with the remainder being rented to year-round occupants, suggesting a transitional strategy to keep up with changing trailer park/ mobile home park trends. There are several permanent buildings in the park, including a community center, laundry room, tiny office, as well as a swimming pool, as well as the single-family house located outside the park fence. The house is the residence for the park manager and likely has been since at least 1972. The standing buildings do not appear to have been constructed in 1949, but rather sometime between 1959 and 1972 (NETR 1972; USGS 1959). A few buildings and a short east-west road first appear in this area in the 1959 La Quinta USGS 7.5 min. quadrangle (Map 4). In the USGS topographic maps from the 1960s and 1970s, and in aerial photographs from the early 1970s, crops of some kind were being cultivated on a few parcels within 0.25 mile of the Project Area. Today, the park is called the Dune Palms Mobile Estates. No other signs of development were apparent within or around the APE until 1996. Later aerial photographs show the presence of La Quinta High School by1996, a USA Gasoline Station on the northwest corner of the intersection of Highway 111 and Dune Palms Road by 2002, and the La Quinta Corporate Centre by 2005. HISTORIC THEMES Themes that are relevant to this Project include “Desert Recreation” and “Trailer and Mobile Home Parks” as they relate to the post-World War II years, from 1945 to 1975 in the Southern California desert. The two themes are interconnected and are treated as one here because trailer parks first came into existence in the region through recreational and travel activities and interests of Americans. As noted above, there were more than 32 trailer parks in the Coachella Valley in the 1950s (Brown 2014). After World War II, people were seeking inexpensive recreation, and traveling with their trailers for cheap lodging in the desert was a popular way to Dune Palms Low Water Bridge Replacement HRER 8 do it. Based on trailer parks designated as such on the 1973 USGS topographic map (USGS 1973), there were at least 35 trailer parks in existence in 1973 within the La Quinta, Coachella, Indio, Palm Desert, Cathedral City, and Palm Springs communities. Several of these were quite large. Palm Springs was the most famous, early desert resort in the Coachella Valley, beginning in the 1930s. Its sunny, warm winter climate drew year-round and seasonal residents. By 1939, the permanent population was 5,336, with more than 8,000 in the winter (Bogert 2016). One of its earliest trailer parks was established in the 1930s, known as Ramon Trailer Park (Brown 2014). It is still operating, with 250 mobile homes (no longer trailers) on 20 acres. At about this same time, famous Hollywood actors and actresses discovered the place and truly put Palm Springs on the map as a desirable resort town. Tourists with their travel trailers came in droves before and after World War II. The popularity of Palm Springs spread to the region as a whole, with Desert Hot Springs, Cathedral City, Rancho Mirage, La Quinta and other nearby communities being created or, if already in existence, then expanding and prospering through tourism and recreation. Golf courses and swimming pools were everywhere. Hollywood celebrities were also attracted to La Quinta, the very upscale resort established by Walter Morgan in 1926 (City of La Quinta 2014). La Quinta had few trailer parks, with just two shown in 1973 (USGS 1973). One of those was the Dune Palms Trailer Park, the other, name unknown, was located approximately 0.25 mile to the south-southeast, south of the Whitewater River and on the south side of Hwy 111. It appears to have been even smaller than the Dune Palms Trailer Park. The Dune Palms Trailer Park was 14 acres in size, as it remains today. The unnamed park was approximately 8 acres in extent. In neighboring communities, the number of trailer parks varied in 1973, with 13 in Palm Springs, eight in Indio, six in Cathedral City, four in Palm Desert, two in Coachella (USGS 1973). The range of trailer park types varied considerably within the Coachella Valley, from small, less structured parks like the Dune Palms Trailer Park to large, well-groomed parks with amenities such as wide, paved streets, extensive landscaping, large club houses and other ancillary buildings, large trailer spaces, and multiple pools. Bing Crosby’s Blue Skies Village in Rancho Mirage was one of the latter type (Brown 2014). As mentioned above, each park served as a small community, many of them having their own stores, restaurants, and recreational facilities. In the early years of auto camping, private camps tended to arrange camp spaces in a row that was either parallel to or perpendicular to the adjacent highway (Fowler et al. 2016:4). The older topographic maps indicate that the first interation of the Dune Palms Mobile Home Estates consisted of a single road oriented perpendicular to Dune Palms Road. Presumably, the trailers were lined up along one or both sides of this road or lane. As time went on, Dune Palms Trailer Park (later Dune Palms Mobile Dune Palms Low Water Bridge Replacement HRER 9 Estates) offered a swimming pool, small laundry room, a community room of some type, a pond in its early years, paved lanes, and narrow trailer and mobile home spaces. There is a tiny manager’s office on the grounds today, as well as a manager’s residence just outside the fenced park area, but still within the same parcel of land. By the mid-1950s, trailers had become larger and more spacious inside (Fowler et al. 2016:9, 11). They became more like permanent houses and less like travel trailers. Their larger sizes and more limited mobility, as well as their popularity, led to changes in the configuration of the later trailer parks, soon to be mobile home parks. The lots became larger and often had individual concrete patios. Each also had its own utilities, such as water, electricity, sewer, and garbage service. The street patterns within the parks became less grid-like and more curvilinear. And they were furnished with communal recreation or meeting buildings, playgrounds, and swimming pools, in addition to laundry rooms and park offices. They were also well-defined through outer fencing and landscaping, as well as more extensive landscaping between lots. The Dune Palms Trailer Park has some of the later features and some of the earlier features, reflecting its existence and transition from 1949 to the present. It has expanded its streets, from the original one, then to two parallel streets that are perpendicular to the adjacent main road. By 1972, there were two loops formed around the two streets. But individual spaces remain quite narrow for the most part, with little landscaping between them. Many do have concrete patios. The park is a mix of double-wide and single-wide mobile homes, with a few small trailers and even campers on trucks. The park has communal amenities such as a swimming pool, park office, laundry room, and community center, but it definitely appears to cater mostly to working families and a few retirees, rather than to mostly retirees looking to the park for social activities and recreation. When compared with the full spectrum of trailer and mobile home park possibilities available in the area in the 1940s to the 1970s, the Dune Palms Trailer Park was a very modest one. It contained approximately 100 spaces within its 14 acres. There were smaller parks, as well as some that were much larger and more refined. DESCRIPTION OF CULTURAL RESOURCES Through this study, one historic resource has been newly-recorded and evaluated; the Dune Palms Trailer Park. The DPR is included in Appendix C. Table 1. Properties Surveyed Older Than 45 Years Street Address Assessor’s Parcel No. (APN) Date of Construction Description 46-400 M.E. Dune Palms Road 600-30-010 Pre-1972 Trailer/Mobile Home Park Dune Palms Low Water Bridge Replacement HRER 10 The current Dune Palms Mobile Estates mobile home park comprises 14 acres and includes five permanent buildings and structures (pool, laundry room, community center, park office, and manager’s residence), five mobile homes that are more than 45 years old and 94 that are less than 45 years old. Due to the nature of the property type and the concentration of buildings, structures and objects within a defined boundary that have a shared historic context, the mobile home park was evaluated as a singular resource (historic district) instead of evaluating each individual feature therein. It was determined to not meet the NRHP or CRHR criteria because it does not appear to be a trailer or mobile home park that has specifically influenced or led the national or regional trends in trailer park development or popularity over time; it is not known to be associated with a person or persons important in national or regional history, it possesses most of the character-defining features for a mobile home park from the 1920-1969 period (Fowler et al. 2016), yet is not a good example of one. In addition, it retains little of its integrity since very few of the existing trailers and mobile homes are 45 years old or older and are not contributing district elements. Figure 1 below provides an aerial view of the mobile home park depicting its boundaries. Dune Palms Low Water Bridge Replacement HRER 11 Figure 1. Aerial view of Dune Palms Mobile Home Park Dune Palms Low Water Bridge Replacement HRER 12 FINDINGS AND CONCLUSIONS FINDINGS One property was evaluated for historic signficance. It consists of a trailer/mobile home park over 45-years of age, evaluated as a historic district. Inside the park fence are mobile homes and trailers, as well as permanent buildings such as a tiny manager’s office, a community building, a laundry room, and a swimming pool (Figure 2). Outside the fence but on the same parcel is a single-family house serving as the park manager’s residence. Cogstone recorded and evaluated the mobile home park as a district in keeping with Caltrans’s guidelines that a district “possesses a significant concentration, linkage, or continuityof sites, buildings, structures, or objects united historically or aesthetically by plan or physical development” (Caltrans 2014:5). The Dune Palms Trailer Park (District) satisfies the district definition in that it possesses a concentration and continuity of buildings that are united historically by plan and physical development (Figure 1). It’s historic name of Dune Palms Trailer Park was utilized rather than the modern name. The Dune Palms Trailer Park District is 66 years old. It retains five permanent structures that also appear to be at least 45 years old. The vast majority (95 per cent) of the existing mobile homes within the Park are less than 45 years old and/or have been moved to the Park within the past 43 years. Only five mobile homes appear to be 45 years old or more. These and the five permanent buildings and structures, as well as roads, comprise the main structures that have been part of the Park since between 1960 and 1972. They are contributing elements to the district. Still, the Dune Palms Trailer Park does not appear eligible for listing on the NRHP or on the CRHR. Lynn Furnis, a qualified architectural historian who meets the Professionally Qualified Staff Standards in the Section 106 Programmatic Agreement (Section 106 PA) Attachment 1 as an Architectural Historian or above, has determined that the other properties present within the Indirect APE, including federally-owned resources, meet the criteria for Section 106 PA Attachment 4 (Properties Exempt from Evaluation) as property types 4 and 5. Andrea Galvin, a qualified principal architectural historian, has concurred. HISTORIC PROPERTIES LISTED IN THE NATIONAL REGISTER none RESOURCES PREVIOUSLY DETERMINED ELIGIBLE FOR THE NATIONAL REGISTER none Dune Palms Low Water Bridge Replacement HRER 13 Figure 2. Dune Palms Trailer Park District Dune Palms Low Water Bridge Replacement HRER 14 RESOURCES PREVIOUSLY DETERMINED NOT ELIGIBLE FOR THE NATIONAL REGISTER none HISTORIC PROPERTIES DETERMINED ELIGIBLE FOR THE NATIONAL REGISTER AS A RESULT OF THE CURRENT STUDY none RESOURCES DETERMINED NOT ELIGIBLE FOR THE NATIONAL REGISTER AS A RESULT OF THE CURRENT STUDY Name Street Address Assessor's Parcel No. Community OHP Status Code Description Map Reference No. Dune Palms Trailer Park 46-400 Dune Palms Road, La Quinta, CA 600-30-010 La Quinta 6Z 1940s-70s trailer park 1 RESOURCES FOR WHICH FURTHER STUDY IS NEEDED BECAUSE EVALUATION WAS NOT POSSIBLE None HISTORICAL RESOURCES FOR THE PURPOSES OF CEQA None RESOURCES THAT ARE NOT HISTORICAL RESOURCES UNDER CEQA, PER CEQA GUIDELINES §15064.5, BECAUSE THEY DO NOT MEET THE CALIFORNIA REGISTER CRITERIA OUTLINED IN PRC §5024.1 Name Street Address Assessor's Parcel No. Community OHP Status Code Description Map Reference No. Dune Palms Trailer Park 46-400 Dune Palms Road, La Quinta, CA 600-30-010 La Quinta 6Z 1940s-70s trailer park 1 The Dune Palms Trailer Park District is the only resource determined to be not eligible for the California Register of Historic Resources, under CEQA, as a result of the current study. Dune Palms Low Water Bridge Replacement HRER 15 CONCLUSIONS This HRER evaluated one property within the APE. The results of the survey of the project APE for built environment resources determined that the only non-exempt property, the Dune Palms Trailer Park, does not have the potential to be considered a historic property under the NHPA or under CEQA, either individually or as a historic district. Dune Palms Low Water Bridge Replacement HRER 16 BIBLIOGRAPHY BLM (U.S. Bureau of Land Management) n.d. General Land Office patent records for Township 5 South, Range 7 East, Sections 20 and 29; San Bernardino Meridian, accessed online at https://glorecords.blm.gov/default.aspx on February 26, 2016. Bogert, Frank M. 2016 The History of Palm Springs, in Palm Springs, First Hundred Years, accessed online at http://palmsprings.com/history/today.html on May 23, 2016. Brown, Renee 2014 Palm Desert History: Glamorized Mobile Home Living, in My Desert, accessed online at http://mydesert.co/PWyrHk on March 2, 2016. California 2016 2016 California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) Statutes and Guidelines, California Code of Regulations, Title 14, Division 6, Chapter 3, Sections 15000-15387, AEP, Palm Desert, CA. Caltrans (California Department of Transportation) 2014 Chapter 7: Built-Environment Cultural Resources Evaluation and Treatment, Exhibit 7.4.3, in Standard Environmental Reference, Vol. 2, California Department of Transportation, online resource, accessed at www.dot.ca.gov/ser/index.htm on March 4, 2016. The Desert Sun 1949 Dune Palms Trailer Park, in the classified ads section of The Desert Sun, December 16, 1949, Palm Springs, CA, p.13, column 6. FHWA (Federal Highways Administration) 2014 FHWA Section 106 PA, Attachment 4: Exempt Properties: in Caltrans Environmental Handbook, Cultural Resources, Vol. 2 Exhibit 1.1. Hart, John Fraser, Michelle J. Rhodes, and John T. Morgan 2002 The Unknown World of the Mobile Home, The John Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, MD. McAlester, Virginia and Lee McAlester 2009 A Field Guide to American Houses, Alfred A. Knopf, New York, NY. Miller, Bettye Dune Palms Low Water Bridge Replacement HRER 17 2012 History of Date Industry in Indio, in Prairie Farmer, February 8, 2012, accessed online at http://farmprogress.com/story-history-date-industry-indio-9-56932 on February 29, 2016. NETR (Nationwide Environmental Title Research) 1960 Historic Aerial photograph, at Historicaerials.com, Nationwide Environmental Title Research, LLC, accessed online on January 11, 2016. 1972 Historic Aerial photograph, at Historicaerials.com, Nationwide Environmental Title Research, LLC, accessed online on January 11, 2016. 1996 Historic Aerial photograph, at Historicaerials.com, Nationwide Environmental Title Research, LLC, accessed online on January 11, 2016. Riverside County 1975 Space #82, Department of Building & Safety, County of Riverside, Mobile Home Installation Application, Permit # 02200, Riverside, California. 1976 Space #83, Department of Building & Safety, County of Riverside, Mobile Home Installation Application, Permit # 07908, Riverside, California. 1977 Space #55, Department of Building & Safety, County of Riverside, Mobile Home Installation Application, Permit # 11170, Riverside, California. 1979 Space #21, Department of Building & Safety, County of Riverside, Mobile Home Installation Application, Permit # A007560, Riverside, California. 1980 Space #4, Department of Building & Safety, County of Riverside, Mobile Home Installation Application, Permit # A009024, Riverside, California. 1980 Space #5, Department of Building & Safety, County of Riverside, Mobile Home Installation Application, Permit # A008972, Riverside, California. 1981 Space #9, Department of Building & Safety, County of Riverside, Mobile Home Installation Application, Permit # A012578, Riverside, California. Soltys, Richard J. 2005 Coachella Valley: Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow, Richard J. Soltys Productions, La Quinta, CA. Fowler, K., H. Goers, and C. Lazzaretto 2016 Los Angeles Citywide Historic Context Statement, Trailer Parks and Mobile Home Parks Theme. Dated January 2016. Accessed online 9/27/2016 at http://preservation.lacity.org/sites/default/files/Trailer%20Parks%20and%20Mobile%20H ome%20Parks,%201920-1969.pdf. USGS (United State Geological Survey) 1904 USGS 15 min. quadrangle, United States Geological Survey, Washington, D.C. 1941 Toro Peak USGS 15 min. quadrangle, United States Geological Survey, Washington, D.C. 1959 La Quinta USGS 7.5 min. quadrangle, United States Geological Survey, Washington, D.C. Dune Palms Low Water Bridge Replacement HRER 18 1973 La Quinta USGS 7.5 min. quadrangle, United States Geological Survey, Washington, D.C. Wallis, Allan D. 1991 Wheel Estate: The Rise and Decline of Mobile Homes, Oxford University Press, New York, NY. Dune Palms Low Water Bridge Replacement HRER 19 APPENDIX A. PREPARER’S QUALIFICATIONS Dune Palms Low Water Bridge Replacement HRER 20 PREPARERS’ QUALIFICATIONS This study was prepared by Lynn Furnis, architectural historian, for Cogstone and reviewed by Andrea Galvin, principal architectural historian, of GPA Consulting. All of Ms. Galvin’s comments were incorporated into the revised documents. Andrea Galvin is a Principal Architectural Historian for GPA and has been practicing in the field of historic preservation since 1995. She has a Bachelor of Science degree in Environmental Design from the University of California, Davis, a Master of Science degree in Historic Preservation from the University of Pennsylvania, and a Certificate in Preservation Planning from Istanbul Technical University in Turkey. Ms. Galvin peer reviewed the report and DPR forms. She has extensive experience in Caltrans District 8. Lynn Furnis is an architectural historian and historical archaeologist who has worked as an architectural historian in California and Nevada for the past 12 years, and as an historical archaeologist for the past 40 years. She has a Bachelor of Arts degree in Anthropology from the University of California, Davis and a Master of Arts degree in Anthropology from the University of Nevada, Reno. She has completed coursework in World Architecture, Anthropology of Architecture, Vernacular Architecture, Historic Preservation, and a workshop on The Identification of Mid-Twentieth Century Buildings. Dune Palms Low Water Bridge Replacement HRER APPENDIX B. MAPS Dune Palms Low Water Bridge Replacement HRER Map 1. Project Vicinity Map Dune Palms Low Water Bridge Replacement HRER Map 2. Project Location Map Dune Palms Low Water Bridge Replacement HRER Map 3. Project Aerial Map Dune Palms Low Water Bridge Replacement HRER Map 4. Project area superimposed on 1959 USGS map. Note short east- west road in mobile home park space. Dune Palms Low Water Bridge Replacement HRER APPENDIX C. DPR 523 FORMS State of California The Resources Agency Primary # DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # PRIMARY RECORD Trinomial NRHP Status Code Other Listings Review Code Reviewer Date Page 1 of 15 *Resource Name or #: Dune Palms Trailer Park. P1. Other Identifier: APN 600-30-010 *P2. Location: Not for Publication Unrestricted *a. County: Riverside and (P2b and P2c or P2d. *b. USGS 7.5' Quad: La Quinta Date: T 5S ; R 7E ; NW ¼ of NE ¼ of Sec 29 ; S.B. B.M. c. Address: 46-400 M.E. Dune Palms Rd City: La Quinta Zip:92253-4034 d. UTM: Zone: 11 ; mE/ mN (G.P.S.) e. Other Locational Data: APN 600-30-010; Elevation: 55 ft amsl To reach the site, proceed south (eastbound) on Interstate 10 to Exit 137/Washington Street. Turn right onto Washington Street and proceed 3.3 miles. Turn left onto Highway 111 and proceed 1.2 miles. Then turn left onto Dune Palms Road. The mobile home park (site) is located 0.38 mile to the north, on the east (right) side of the road. *P3a. Description: The site consists of a complete mobile home park, dating to at least 1949. At present, the park includes 103 mobile home spaces, of which 99 are occupied, 97 of them filled with mobile homes and two with travel trailers. In addition, the park includes four permanent structures – a laundry room, a community center building, a swimming pool, and a small office. A single-family 1960s style house is situated outside the mobile home park, but at the southwest corner of the same parcel occupied by the park. There are two entrances from Dune Palms Road – a north entrance and a south entrance – and these lead to paved lanes and loops along which the mobile homes and structures stand. As of 1972, most of the mobile homes were located in the south half of the park, with just eight units in the north half and approximately 30 in the south half. All of the permanent structures are located in the south half. Because the mobile homes in the north half (except for the original 8) had to have been moved to the park after 1972, they have been there for 43 years or less. Those 41 mobile homes are not recorded or evaluated here, since they have been in the park less than 45 years and are not considered historic in age, no matter how old each actual mobile home might be. (See attached Continuation Sheet for additional text). *P3b. Resource Attributes: HP2: Single family property, HP4: Ancillary buildings, HP13: community center, HP30: trees, vegetation, HP39: roads, swimming pool, HP46: fences *P4. Resources Present: Building Structure Object Site District Element of District Other (Isolates, etc.) P5b. Description of Photo: Main (south) entrance to park, view to east, frame 2015_08_06_LF.08 *P6. Date Constructed/Age and Sources: Historic Prehistoric Both Circa 1949 *P7. Owner and Address: Unknown *P8. Recorded by: Lynn Furnis Cogstone Resources Management, 1518 W. Taft Ave. Orange, CA 92865 *P9. Date Recorded: August 6, 2015 *P10. Survey Type: Architectural Survey *P11. Report Citation: Archaeological Survey Report for the Dune Palms Road Low-Water Crossing Replacement Project, La Quinta City, Riverside County, California, Federal Project No. Blrks – 5433(014), Memo attachment, Gust et al. 2016. *Attachments: NONE Location Map Sketch Map Continuation Sheet Building, Structure, and Object Record Archaeological Record District Record Linear Feature Record Milling Station Record Rock Art Record Artifact Record Photograph Record Other (List): DPR 523A (1/95) *Required information P5a. Photo or Drawing State of California The Resources Agency Primary # DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # DISTRICT RECORD Trinomial Page 2 of 15 *NRHP Status Code: 6Z *Resource Name or #: Dune Palms Trailer Park D1. Historic Name: Dune Palms Trailer Park D2. Common Name: Dune Palms Mobile Estates *D3. Detailed Description: The district consists of a complete mobile home park, dating to 1949. At present, the park includes 103 mobile home spaces, of which 99 are occupied, 97 of them filled with mobile homes and two with travel trailers. In addition, the park includes four permanent structures – a laundry room, a community center building, a swimming pool, and a small office. A single-family 1960s style house is situated outside the mobile home park, but at the southwest corner of the same parcel occupied by the park. This house was constructed by 1972 and likely was associated with the park. Very possibly, the owners and occupants of the house were also the owners of the original mobile home park, as all are situated within the same single, large parcel (APN 600-030-010). Today, the park’s manager resides in the house (See attached Continuation Sheet for additional text).. *D4. Boundary Description: The district is confined to the parcel known as APN 600-030-010, which is defined by Dune Palms Road on the west, by the Coachella Valley Storm Water Channel on the south, by the east boundary of the APN on the east, beyond which is a subdivision of tract homes, and by the north boundary of the APN, which is delineated by a paved east-west lane that is part of the church complex to the north, located on APN 600-030-019. The district boundary is the same as the current Dune Palms Mobile Estates Park. *D5. Boundary Justification: In terms of characteristics that provide cohesion, the Dune Palms Trailer Park District is unmistakable as a cohesive unit, as it is uniformly contained within the parcel boundaries. The park has an infrastructure, with two east-west entrance lanes, one for the north half and one for the south half. Each lane leads to a loop and to other, short cross lanes (north-south). These define the spaces along which all mobile homes, trailers, and permanent buildings are organized. *D6. Significance: Theme: Recreation Area: Southern California Desert Period of Significance: 1949-1970 Applicable Criteria: N/A The Dune Palms Trailer Park District is more than 45 years old. It retains four permanent structures that also appear to be at least 45 years old. But the vast majority (95 per cent) of the existing mobile homes within the Park are less than 45 years old and/or have been moved to the Park within the past 43 years. Only five mobile homes appear to be 45 years old or more. These and the five permanent buildings and structures, as well as roads, comprise the main structures that have been part of the Park since between 1960 and 1972. The District does not appear to be associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of history, and is therefore not eligible for NRHP listing under CriteriaA/1. The resource does not appear to be associated with the lives of significant persons in the past and is therefore not eligible for NRHP listing under CriteriaB/2. The Park does not embody the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction, or represent the work of a master, or that possesses high artistic values, or represent a significant or distinguishable entity whose components may lack individual distinction. It is not considered eligible for NRHP listing under Critera C/3. This resource is not an archaeological resource and therefore Criteria D/4 do not apply. The District retains its integrity of materials, design, and location, but has lost its integrity of design, workmanship, setting, feeling, and association. It is recommended as not eligible for NRHP listing because it does not appear to be significant under any of the four criteria. Additionally, an estimated 5 per cent of the mobile homes present, plus all four of the permanent structures from pre-1972, and existing roads are the only historic-age remnants of the District. The large majority of mobile homes present today are less than 45 years old or were definitely moved to the park less than 45 years ago. *D7. References: (See attached Continuation Sheet for additional text) *D8. Evaluator: Lynn Furnis Date: February 29, 2016 Affiliation and Address: Cogstone Resource Management, Inc. 1518 W. Taft Avenue Orange, CA 92865 DPR 523D (1/95) *Required information State of California The Resources Agency Primary # DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI# LOCATION MAP Trinomial Page 3 of 15 *Resource Name or #: Dune Palms Trailer Park *Map Name: La Quinta, Calif. *Scale: 1:24,000 *Date of Map: DPR 523J (1/95) *Required information State of California The Resources Agency Primary # DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI# SKETCH MAP Trinomial Page 4 of 15 *Resource Name or # Dune Palms Trailer Park *Drawn By: Andre Simmons *Date: February 29, 2016 DPR 523K (1/95) *Required information State of California The Resources Agency Primary # DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI# CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial Page 5 of 15 *Resource Name or # 46-400 M.E. Dune Palms Road *Recorded by: Lynn Furnis *Date: August 6, 2015 Continuation Update DPR 523L (1/95) *Required information *P3a. Description (continued): The south half of the park has 48 mobile homes and two travel trailers. The majority of these are not 45 years old or more. Most appear to be from the 1970s and 1980s. The same is true for the eight mobile homes in the north half. All of the permanent structures, including the single family house just outside the park, were in place by 1972 and are recorded and evaluated as part of this site record. Only those mobile homes that appear to date to the 1960s or older are described and evaluated here. Mobile Home Park Office Building: Standing adjacent to a mobile home along the north flank of the south entrance, at Space 29, the small wood-framed office building is found. It is rectangular in plan, one story in height, and is east-facing. It is oriented north-south. The roof is a shed roof, of low pitch, sloping to the west. It has a very wide overhang and open eaves to the south, but more narrow overhang on the other three elevations. On the south side, a palm tree grows through a large hole in the wide overhang. The small structure is partially clad in T1-11 siding (south elevation) and in sheet metal or other particle board sheeting elsewhere. On its east (front) elevation, the office has an entry door. On its south elevation, a pair of small fixed windows with faux muntins is set. A cement walkway separates the office from mobile home #29, where presumably the park manager lives. Laundry Room: A small, one-story, rectangular structure serves as the laundry room for the mobile home park. It faces west and is oriented north-south. It is located four mobile home spaces east of Dune Palms Road and along the south flank of the east-west road that leads into the park from the south entrance. The structure is side-gabled, with a roof of very low pitch. It has a moderate overhang and open eaves. The structure is clad in stucco. The structure’s front (west) elevation has two entry doors – one at the north end and one at the center. The central door has a metal security door on the front. A small window of unknown type is located between the doors, high up on the wall. A band of three more windows, all blinded, are located in the south half of the elevation. The north elevation includes one large central, fixed window with wood trim and an attached metal utility box. The east elevation is fitted with a large fixed window near the west end, one small blinded and barred window to the south, set high up on the wall, then with a boarded-up doorway near the center, and at least three large windows of unknown type in the south half of the elevation. A tall dog-eared fence and gate obscure the remainder of this elevation from view. A cement sidewalk leads from the lane along east and west elevations of the structure. Community Center Structure: An oddly-shaped structure located at the east end of the east-west south entrance lane is assumed to be a community center or social hall for the park residents, though there are no signs to indicate this. The single-story structure is of concrete block. It has a complex plan. It faces west and is oriented northeast-southwest. It appears that the original building was a shallow V shape, that had a later rectangular bay added to the rear, which appears to contain two bathrooms. The roof of the main, original part is a low-pitch shed roof, with a wide front (west) overhang and open eaves, but no overhang elsewhere, though it does have a wide, wooden fascia on the sides and rear. The shed roof slopes to the east. The roof on the addition is flat, with a wide overhang and open eaves. The structure’s west (front) elevation has a central entry door, with a metal security door in front. From there, the elevation spreads out in two wings, one to the southwest and one to the northwest. Most of it is clad in wide T1-11 siding, but the walls extend beyond the main building on both ends, to form tall wings composed of concrete block. The south elevation includes this narrow wing extension, then a plain wall expanse with no fenestration. The east elevation, also of concrete block, includes a blinded, barred window in the south half, a concrete block chimney at the center, then the rectangular addition bay on the north half. The north elevation of the main building is of concrete block, with a blinded, barred window near its east end, then the added bay, which is shorter in height than the main structure. This bay has an entry door off-center, with a metal security door on its north elevation. The south elevation of the bay has a similar door at its west end, abutting the chimney of the main structure. On its east elevation, it has two barred, blinded or painted windows situated high up on the wall. A wooden board is affixed at the center, vertically, and it braces a wooden light pole. The windows are identical hopper types, one for each bathroom. Palm trees are planted in front and at the rear of the building. Swimming Pool: A large swimming pool graces the south entrance of the park, with entrance and exit lanes skirting the pool area. The pool is oblong in shape, with a wide concrete apron around it on all sides, and fitted with two sets of steps and metal hand rails. A stout metal bar and concrete wall fence encloses the pool complex. It is filled with clean water and is obviously still being used. State of California The Resources Agency Primary # DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI# CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial Page 6 of 15 *Resource Name or # 46-400 M.E. Dune Palms Road *Recorded by: Lynn Furnis *Date: August 6, 2015 Continuation Update *P3a. Description (continued): Single Family Residence: The house that stands within the same parcel as the Dune Palms Mobile Estates Park, but just outside the southwest corner of the park is a single-story, west-facing house, oriented north-south. It is roughly rectangular in plan and vernacular in style, with Ranch elements. It has an attached garage. The house is set back from Dune Palms Road approximately 30-35 ft and is adjacent to the Whitewater River bed, which is just to the south. The house is set on higher ground, above the street and the river bed. The roof of the house may be cross-gabled, but this is not certain as the garage is front-gabled, while the roof of the house is obscured by a short vertical wall extension, on the west elevation at least. The house roof may be flat or side-gabled and low in pitch. The garage roof is covered in composition shingles and has a moderate overhang with open eaves. The front of the house (west elevation) is characterized the two-car garage front at the north end, with two original wood, pull-up doors. Recessed an estimated four ft from the garage front elevation, the north half of the house front has a front porch with west- sloping shed roof element supported by three stout rectangular, stuccoed columns. The porch has a cement slab floor. The front entrydoor is set near the center of the house’s west elevation, with four large aluminum-frame windows across the front. Each window has a single center, fixed pane and two side panes that may be sliders. The house and garage are clad in stucco. The only other elevation that is visible from the street is the north elevation of the garage. It reveals a central aluminum slider. The side and rear yards are fenced with tall, dog-eared wood fence. The front yard is planted with several large trees, a grass lawn, and shrubs and smaller plants; the rear and side yards also appear to have mature trees and shrubs. A short, paved driveway (oriented east-west) leads from the street to the garage, with a parking space located at the front of the house. This house is the residence of the Dune Palms Mobile Estates park manager and is still associated with the park. Mobile Home #24: The mobile home in space #24 is a metal-clad single-wide with convex roof of low pitch and rectangular plan. It is west-facing and oriented north-south. The unit is set just a few feet north of the east-west lane from the south entrance and immediately west of a small connecting lane between north and south halves of the Park. The mobile home’s west (front) elevation includes a sliding glass entry door that is devoid of access steps and apparently is no longer used as the main entry. Near its south end, the unit has a medium-sized louvered window with three glass panes. A wooden door is located in the north half of the elevation, with wooden steps and handrails providing access. A second small window is further north. The entire length of the west elevation is covered by a metal porch roof supported by small metal posts and one wooden post. Beneath it is a concrete pad. The south elevation has a vertical upper half, with a central horizontal three-part window, consisting of two side fixed panes and a central 1/1 sash window, all in aluminum frame. Above the window, interrupting the vertical plane is a decorative metal projection consisting of a horizontal shelf above the window supported by side “wings” that narrow towards the vertical center of the elevation. At that point, the lower half of the elevation is curved and recessed, then vertical at the base. The unit has a plywood skirt on all elevations. The space is devoid of vegetation except for a few potted plants within the front patio area. A 3-ft tall picket fence encloses a portion of the space on the west and north, where a storage shed stands. Mobile Home #27: The mobile home in space #27 is a metal-clad single-wide (10-12 ft wide) with a flat, bi-level roof. It is and rectangular in plan. It is west-facing and oriented north-south. The unit is set approximately 10 ft north of the east-west lane from the south entrance. The mobile home’s west (front) elevation includes a single-width wooden panel door with nine lights in the upper half. Originally, a sliding glass entry door may have occupied this space as a door-width span adjacent to the existing door is now covered with non-matching siding, apparently covering an older opening. Wooden steps and handrail provide access to the door. Near its south end, the unit has a medium-sized louvered window with eight panes. A large, three-part window graces the center of the elevation, with two side sliders. In the north half, a second door is located, also with wooden steps and handrail. A small window is further north. The entire length of the west elevation is covered by a metal porch roof supported by small metal posts, by a length of metal pipe, and by one wooden dowel. Beneath it is a concrete pad. The roof projects approximately 18 inches above the south one-third of the roof for the northern two-thirds. The south elevation includes the projecting roof element, which is fitted with a window. The main elevation has a projecting, winged roof element covering the upper half, with a central horizontal three-part window, consisting of two side fixed panes and a central 6-pane, louvered window, all in aluminum frame. Below the window is a narrow, decorative shelf of metal, below which DPR 523L (1/95) *Required information State of California The Resources Agency Primary # DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI# CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial Page 7 of 15 *Resource Name or # 46-400 M.E. Dune Palms Road *Recorded by: Lynn Furnis *Date: August 6, 2015 Continuation Update *P3a. Description (continued): the lower half of the elevation is curved and recessed, then vertical at the base. The unit is skirted and the sparsely landscaped yard has low, wrought iron fencing in front of the unit and across a dirt driveway on the east side of the mobile home. A second, main driveway parallels the unit on its west, just beyond the patio area. Mobile Home #30: This unit is a 1960s vintage mobile home, a narrow single-wide (8 ft), with a rectangular addition added on to the west elevation, and a carport on the east. This home has a flat, metal roof. The south elevation is now the front of the mobile home, due to the addition, but originally the west elevation would have been the front. The unit is set back from the south entrance exit lane approximately 10 ft, and is behind a tall fence. The single-wide is clad in metal sheeting, while the addition appears to be wood or a particle board material. Its west elevation consists of a rounded metal overhang that extends down from the roof, with a recessed horizontal band within which a large central, fixed window is set. Beneath the window, the elevation projects slightly to the south. A wooden “awning” has been added above the window to shade the window. The awning is supported by two metal rods. At each side of the recessed window band, there are wrought iron decorative curvilinear pieces, an attribute common to 1960s mobile homes. The south elevation of the addition includes the front entryway, off-center, with a wood, paneled front door, accessed by steps and a raised deck. The west elevation of the mobile home includes a small aluminum slider near the south end of the single-wide and two aluminum sliders along the west elevation of the addition. The addition is composed of panels of wood or particle board. It is covered by a carport-like or patio roof, composed of metal with slim metal supports. The east elevation has a carport cover, of metal with metal supports projecting to the east. A single-car width paved driveway is along the east side of the single-wide, and under the carport. The rear and side yards are fenced with tall, wood, dog-eared fencing. Two mature palm trees grow in the yard. Mobile Home #40: The late 1960s vintage mobile home in Space 40 is a wide single-wide unit (at least 10 ft), facing northeast and oriented southeast- northwest. It is set at an angle to the private park lane and its front end is within a few feet of the lane. The unit has a flat roof that rises slightly above the rear two-thirds of the mobile home, then continues on as a flat roof to the rear. It is covered in sheet metal. The northeast elevation is clad in T1-11 siding, apparently replacement siding. A trim of three narrow horizontal boards covers the upper edges of the siding. The front entryway is set within the northwestern one-third of the elevation and is a sliding glass door that is accessed by means of a set of stairs and small stoop with wide wooden hand rail. To the southeast of the deck is a second door, a wood panel one, accessed by means of a separate set of steps, stoop, and wood handrail. A small vinyl slider is found southeast of this door, with a medium-sized one near the northwest end of the elevation. The central area is covered with a metal and wood patio roof, supported by two thin metal posts. The northwest elevation is also clad in T1-11 siding with a central, vinyl slider. The uppermost elevation segment is a metal strip that projects out horizontally from the roof edge and then narrows until it merges with the siding. The strip is approximately 12 inches wide. Its flaring shape mimmicks winged overhang roof element beneath it, that is of wood and T1-11 and forms a shade over the small slider. The window has wide wood trim, the horizontal parts of which extend beyond the vertical trim. Beneath the window is a wide, wood or metal strip attached to the foot of the winged overhang, forming an angled decorative (and perhaps structural) band across the front elevation. A concrete slab forms a patio floor beneath the patio roof on the northeast elevation. Two chain link segments of 3-ft height form a gate to the patio. Miscellaneous, non-matching metal fence segments enclose the patio and yard areas on either side of the gate. A second, taller chain link fence encloses the yard on the southwest flank of the mobile home. Tall palm trees grow adjacent to the yard. Mobile Home #41: The 1960s vintage mobile home in Space 41 is a single-wide unit (8-10 ft), facing south and oriented east-west. It is set at an angle to the private park lane and its east end is within 5 feet of the lane. The metal-clad unit has a low-pitch, convex roof clad in metal. The south (front) elevation has a main entry door of wood in the east half, with wood steps and handrail providing access. Aluminum-framed, narrow windows flank the door. A second door is located in the west half, with another window beyond that. The south elevation is fitted with a stout metal patio roof, supported by narrow metal posts, covering a concrete slab. DPR 523L (1/95) *Required information State of California The Resources Agency Primary # DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI# CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial Page 8 of 15 *Resource Name or # 46-400 M.E. Dune Palms Road *Recorded by: Lynn Furnis *Date: August 6, 2015 Continuation Update The east elevation has a wide projecting upper section, with a swamp cooler now filling part of a larger opening that once held a window, now mostly blinded. This is within a recessed section, with narrow vertical wings on each side. A glass and metal light fixture graces each side of the recess. A narrow, projecting shelf spans the elevation center, with a plain vertical expanse beneath the shelf. The mobile home is skirted. The yard is fenced across the east border, with its own wooden overthrow defining the front gate. Large, mature trees grow along the south and north flanks, providing shade for the mobile home. Photographs: Overview of Dune Palms Mobile Estates Park from Dune Palms Road, view to south-southeast Overview of Dune Palms Mobile Estates Park along north flank of river, view to east-northeast DPR 523L (1/95) *Required information State of California The Resources Agency Primary # DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI# CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial Page 9 of 15 *Resource Name or # 46-400 M.E. Dune Palms Road *Recorded by: Lynn Furnis *Date: August 6, 2015 Continuation Update Photographs (continued): Park Office at Dune Palms Mobile Estates Park, south elevation Laundry Room at Dune Palms Mobile Estates Park, west and north elevations DPR 523L (1/95) *Required information State of California The Resources Agency Primary # DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI# CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial Page 10 of 15 *Resource Name or # 46-400 M.E. Dune Palms Road *Recorded by: Lynn Furnis *Date: August 6, 2015 Continuation Update Photographs (continued): Community Center at Dune Palms Mobile Estates Park, west and north elevations Park Pool at Dune Palms Mobile Estates Park, view to east DPR 523L (1/95) *Required information State of California The Resources Agency Primary # DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI# CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial Page 11 of 15 *Resource Name or # 46-400 M.E. Dune Palms Road *Recorded by: Lynn Furnis *Date: August 6, 2015 Continuation Update Photographs (continued): Single family residence (Park manager’s residence) just outside Dune Palms Mobile Estates Park, at 46-400 Dune Palms Road, west elevation Mobile Home #24 at Dune Palms Mobile Estates Park, south and west elevations DPR 523L (1/95) *Required information State of California The Resources Agency Primary # DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI# CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial Page 12 of 15 *Resource Name or # 46-400 M.E. Dune Palms Road *Recorded by: Lynn Furnis *Date: August 6, 2015 Continuation Update Photographs (continued): Mobile Home #27 at Dune Palms Mobile Estates Park, south and west elevations Mobile Home #30 at Dune Palms Mobile Estates Park, south and west elevations DPR 523L (1/95) *Required information State of California The Resources Agency Primary # DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI# CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial Page 13 of 15 *Resource Name or # 46-400 M.E. Dune Palms Road *Recorded by: Lynn Furnis *Date: August 6, 2015 Continuation Update Photographs (continued): Mobile Home #40 at Dune Palms Mobile Estates Park, north and east elevations Mobile Home #41 at Dune Palms Mobile Estates Park, 46-400 M.E. Dune Palms Road DPR 523L (1/95) *Required information State of California The Resources Agency Primary # DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI# CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial Page 14 of 15 *Resource Name or # Dune Palms Trailer Park *Recorded by: Lynn Furnis *Date: August 6, 2015 Continuation Update *D3. Detailed Description (Continued): There are two entrances from Dune Palms Road – a north entrance and a south entrance – each oriented east-west and these lead to paved lanes and loops along which the mobile homes and structures stand. As of 1972, most of the mobile homes in the park were located in its south half, with just eight units in the north half and approximately 30 in the south half. All of the permanent structures, all present by 1972, were and are located in the park’s south half. Because the mobile homes in the north half (except for the original eight) had to have been moved to the park after 1972, they have been there for 43 years or less. Those 41 mobile homes are not recorded or evaluated here, since they have been in the park less than 45 years and are not considered historic in age, no matter how old each actual mobile home might be. The south half of the park currently is filled with 48 mobile homes and two travel trailers. The majority of these are not 45 years old or more, based on their styles. Most appear to date from the 1970s and 1980s. The same is true for the eight mobile homes in the north half. All of the permanent structures, including the single family house just outside the park, were in place by 1972 and have been recorded and evaluated as part of this district site record. Only those five mobile homes that appear to date to the 1960s or older are described and evaluated here. In terms of characteristics that provide cohesion, the Dune Palms Trailer Park District is unmistakable as a cohesive unit, as it is uniformly contained within the parcel boundaries. Dune Palms Road defines it on the west, the Coachella Valley Storm Water Channel (CVSWC) defines it on the south, and parcel boundaries that abut other parcels with different uses define it on the east and north. The park has an infrastructure, with two east-west entrance lanes, one for the north half and one for the south half. Each lane leads to a loop and to other, short cross lanes (north-south). These define the spaces along which all mobile homes, trailers, and permanent buildings are organized. The mobile home spaces are organized in long east-west rows, for the most part, though there are short north-south rows along the west and east boundaries. The individual spaces within most of the east-west rows are oriented at diagonals, northwest-southeast. A few rows, however, have spaces that are all oriented north-south. The permanent structures within the park serve as community focal points and are permanent elements that lend additional stability, organization, and a sense of longevity to the District. These include the well-maintained swimming pool and fenced area around it adjacent to the south entrance, the small office building situated close to the south entrance, the laundry room also situated near the south entrance, but amongst a row of mobile homes, the community center located at the east end of the south entrance lane, and the central parking lot just west of the community center. The Dune Palms Trailer Park District is situated in the Colorado Desert, within the Coachella Valley, and now a part of the La Quinta incorporated community. As late as 1972, the land immediately surrounding the Park was either bare undeveloped ground or else was under cultivation, perhaps growing date palms (NETR 1972). A few houses also existed by then, located to the north and east in small groups of four or five houses. At that time, there were grand, open views of mountains to the north and west. At present, the area has been extensively developed and the Park is surrounded by tract homes on the east, by churches and small businesses on the north, and by a high school across Dune Palms Road and to the northwest. *D7. References: Michael Moss, informant, Dune Palms Mobile Estates manager, personal communication, March 3, 2016 NETR (Nationwide Environmental Title Research) 1972 Historic Aerial photograph, at Historicaerials.com, Nationwide Environmental Title Research, LLC, accessed online on January 11, 2016. 1996 Historic Aerial photograph, at Historicaerials.com, Nationwide Environmental Title Research, LLC, accessed online on January 11, 2016. DPR 523L (1/95) *Required information State of California The Resources Agency Primary # DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI# CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial Page 15 of 15 *Resource Name or # 46-400 M.E. Dune Palms Road *Recorded by: Lynn Furnis *Date: August 6, 2015 Continuation Update *D7. References (continued): USGS (United State Geological Survey) 1959 La Quinta USGS 7.5 min. quadrangle, United States Geological Survey, Washington, D.C. 1973 La Quinta USGS 7.5 min. quadrangle, United States Geological Survey, Washington, D.C. DPR 523L (1/95) *Required information ATTACHMENT G PERMITS AND AGREEMENTS 2345 Searl Parkway ♦ Hemet, CA 92543 ♦ phone 951.791.0033 ♦ fax 951.791.0032 ♦ westerncentermuseum.org ECORP Consulting, Inc. July 10, 2017 Wendy Blumel 215 N. Fifth Street Redlands, CA 92374 RE: Curation of Dune Palms Road Low Water Crossing Replacement Project The Western Science Center will serve as a repository for this archaeology collection provided relevant standards and museum practices are fulfilled. Objects obtained through field surveys and mitigation contract activities in accordance with the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA), the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA), or similar state and federal requirements may be accepted by the Western Science Center (WSC) only upon prior approval in writing by the WSC Director or Collections Manager. Collections submitted for approval must meet the following requirements: (1) minimum standards for specimen preparation and associated documentation specimens are prepared and labeled for curation; field notes, photos, and field maps will be deposited with specimens at WSC; documentation includes accurate stratigraphic and geographic data that are tied to the listing of field numbers for localities and specimens; associated specimens must be clearly marked as having been found in association; use of archivally appropriate materials; (2) provision of associated data in electronic format; (3) payment of repository fees. The WSC will provide the current repository fee schedule; an electronic template for data (available in Excel and Access); and copies of relevant policy and ethics statements for activities relating to collecting and documenting archaeological materials upon request. Upon approval and receipt of collections, the WSC shall care for and house the collection according to standard museum protocol, and assume curatorial responsibility for such materials on behalf of the United States Government pursuant to 36 CFR 79. WSC adheres to professional standards for collections stewardship, registration, conservation, access and use as recommended by professional museum associations including the National Park Service Museum Management Division, the American Association of Museums, the Society for the Preservation of Natural History Collections, and the American Institute for Conservation. Material received will be housed in the WSC Curation Repository and will be made available for scientific analysis and study. Data will be available to qualified researchers, land managers, and government officials upon request. Darla Radford Collections Manager dradford@westerncentermuseum.org ATTACHMENT H Environmentally Sensitive Area (ESA) Action Plan ESA Action Plan for Dune Palms Road Low Water Crossing Replacement Project La Quinta, Riverside County BLRKS – 5433(014) Prepared by Roger D. Mason, Ph.D., RPA Principal Investigator, Prehistoric Archaeology Director of Cultural Resources ECORP Consulting, Inc. 1801 Park Court Place Building B, Suite 103 Santa Ana, California 92701 Reviewed by Steven Holm PQS: Principal Investigator, Historic Archaeology California Department of Transportation, District 8 464 W. Fourth Street, 8th Floor, MS-825 San Bernardino, California 92401-1400 Approved by Andrew Walters Branch Chief, Environmental Support/Cultural Studies California Department of Transportation, District 8 464 W. Fourth Street, 8th Floor, MS-825 San Bernardino, California 92401-1400 October 2017 ESA Action Plan 1 Dune Palms Road October 2017 1.0 SUMMARY OF ESA ACTION PLAN The Dune Palms Road Low Water Crossing Replacement Project (Project) in the City of La Quinta (see Study Vicinity Map and Study Location Map in Section 7) proposes to remove the existing low-water crossing of Dune Palms Road at the Coachella Valley Storm Water Channel (CVSC) in the City of La Quinta, Riverside County. The crossing will be replaced with a fourspan bridge 480 feet long and 86 feet wide. The APE Map for the Project is attached. The following prehistoric archaeological sites will be protected by the designation of Environmentally Sensitive Areas (ESAs): • P33-16950 The ESA boundary for site P33-16950 will follow the parcel boundary for APN 600-030- 018 which encompasses the site (see Attachment A). The following measures are required during each stage of the Project. Pre-construction: • The Project Engineer and Project Archaeologist will ensure that the boundaries of the ESA are clearly described and illustrated in the Plans, Specifications, and Estimates (PS&E) package. • A pre-construction meeting with the Construction Supervisor and construction personnel will be held to discuss the ESAs, including access restrictions and maintenance of fencing for protective measures. • The Project Engineer will notify the Project Archaeologist at least three weeks prior to start of construction to allow for a field review of ESA locations and arrangements for monitoring of fence installation. • Review ESA locations in the field one week prior to start of construction. During construction: • Install temporary orange plastic fencing along ESA boundary at least one week prior to initiating construction, under the supervision of the Project Engineer and the Project Archaeologist. • Conduct monitoring of ground-disturbing activities in the ADI south of the Stormwater Channel by an archaeologist and a monitor approved by the Agua Caliente Band of Cahuilla Indians • Conduct spot monitoring and photo-documentation at various times throughout Project construction to ensure the integrity of the ESAs. ESA Action Plan 2 Dune Palms Road October 2017 Post-construction: • The Construction Supervisor will notify the Project Archaeologist when construction is complete in the vicinity of each site, so that the temporary fencing can be removed. • The Project Archaeologist will oversee the removal of the fencing by the construction personnel. Responsible parties are the Project Engineer, Construction Supervisor, Caltrans Archaeologist, and Project Archaeologist (consultant), Co-Principal Investigator (Co-PI) (Archaeologist) (consultant). 2.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION The Dune Palms Road Low Water Crossing Replacement Project (Project) in the City of La Quinta (see Study Vicinity Map and Study Location Map in Section 7) proposes to remove the existing low-water crossing of Dune Palms Road at the Coachella Valley Storm Water Channel (CVSC) in the City of La Quinta, Riverside County. The crossing will be replaced with a fourspan bridge 480 feet long and 86 feet wide. The bridge typical section consists of six-foot sidewalk on both sides of the bridge, two eight-foot outside shoulders also serving as bike/golf cart lanes, a 10-foot raised median, two 11- foot travel lanes, and two 12-foot travel lanes. The proposed configuration will be consistent with the existing four-lane roadway section to the south, and the City’s current improvement project to the north (project number 2009-04), which will widen Dune Palms Road from two to four lanes with a median and left turn lanes. The proposed improvements will include a reconstruction of the north and south bridge approaches to accommodate the significant raised profile of the roadway. In order to match the roadway section on the south side of the bridge, the Project’s construction limits will be extended to 239 feet north of Highway 111 (Hwy 111). Construction in the ADI adjacent to prehistoric archaeological site P33-16950 will consist of raising and widening the roadway for the south bridge approach. This ESA Action Plan was prepared pursuant to Section 106 Programmatic Agreement Stipulation X.B.1.a and Attachment 5. Archaeological site P33-16950 is located east of Dune Palms Road and south of the Stormwater Channel within APN 600-030-018. An ESA will be established along the boundaries of parcel 600-030-018 (see Project Area Map and APE Map). 3.0 METHODS An Environmentally Sensitive Area (ESA) has been established for this Project. The ESA consists of entirety of the boundary of parcel 600-030-018, except on the western ESA Action Plan 3 Dune Palms Road October 2017 parcel boundary along Dune Palms Road where the fencing will follow the ADI boundary (see Project Area Map). Pre-field Activities Prior to beginning construction, the temporary ESA fence shall be installed of temporary orange fencing. ESA fencing will be installed along the entirety of the boundary of parcel 600-030-018, except on the western parcel boundary along Dune Palms Road where the fencing will follow the ADI boundary (see Project Area Map). Signage will be placed along the ESA fencing indicating that access is prohibited for construction equipment, storage or transport of materials or equipment personnel, or other project- related activities. The ESAs will be established through depiction on project plans, by defining these in the PS&E package, and as provided in the Project Engineer’s files. No Project-related activities shall occur within the ESAs. There will be no access to the ESA parcel from the shopping plaza to the east. Temporary Fence Temporary fence shall be furnished, installed, maintained, and later removed by the Contractor in conformance with the details shown on the plans, as specified in these special provisions, and as directed by the City Project Manager. Materials Used materials may be installed, provided the used materials conform to these special provisions. High Visibility Fabric High visibility fabric shall be machine-produced, orange-colored mesh manufactured from polypropylene or polyethylene. High visibility fabric may be made of recycled materials. Materials shall not contain biodegradable filler materials that can degrade the physical or chemical characteristics of the finished fabric. High visibility fabric shall be fully stabilized ultraviolet-resistant, shall be a minimum of 4 feet in width with a maximum mesh opening of 2" × 2". High-visibility fabric shall be furnished in one continuous width and shall not be spliced to conform to the specified width dimension. Posts Posts for temporary fence shall be of one of the following: ESA Action Plan 4 Dune Palms Road October 2017 A. Wood posts shall be fir or pine, shall have a minimum cross section of 2" × 2", and a minimum length of 5.50 feet. The end of the post to be embedded in the soil shall be pointed. Wood posts shall not be treated with wood preservative. B. Steel posts shall have a U, T, L, or other cross-sectional shape that resists failure from lateral loads. Steel posts shall have a minimum weight of 0.75 pounds per linear foot and a minimum length of 5.50 feet. One end of the steel post shall be pointed and the other end shall have a high visibility colored top. Fasteners Fasteners for attaching high visibility fabric to the posts shall be as follows: A. The high visibility fabric shall be attached to wooden posts with commercial quality nails or staples, or as recommended by the manufacturer or supplier. B. Tie wire or locking plastic fasteners shall be used for attaching the high-visibility fabric to steel posts. Maximum spacing of tie wire or fasteners shall be 24 inches along the length of the steel post. Signs The sign legend and dimensions shall be as shown on the plans. The sign shall read “Keep Out: Environmentally Sensitive Area” or similar language. The sign shall be weatherproof and fade proof and may include plastic laminated printed paper affixed to an inflexible weatherproof backer board. The sign panel shall be affixed to the high- visibility fabric with tie wire or locking plastic fasteners. The top of the sign panel shall be flush with the top of the high-visibility fabric. Sign panels shall be placed no more than 100 feet apart along the length of the temporary fence, and at each end of the fence. Installation Temporary fence shall be installed by the Contractor as follows: • All fence construction activities shall be conducted from outside the ESA as shown on the plans or as staked. • Posts shall be embedded in the soil a minimum of 16 inches. Post spacing shall be 8 feet maximum from center to center and shall at all times support the fence in a vertical position. • Temporary fence shall be constructed prior to any clearing and grubbing work. • Temporary fence shall be located so that it is visible, as determined by the Caltrans Archaeologist and City consulting archaeologist. • When the ESA temporary fence is no longer required, as determined by the City Project Manager, the temporary fence shall be removed and disposed of in conformance with state law. ESA Action Plan 5 Dune Palms Road October 2017 • Holes caused by the removal of temporary fence shall be backfilled and compacted and the ground will be returned to the pre-work condition to the extent possible. Maintenance Temporary fence that is damaged during the progress of the work shall be repaired or replaced by the Contractor the same day the damage occurs. Prior to beginning construction, approximately 765 linear feet of temporary ESA fence shall be installed along the entire APE boundary, as shown on the attached Project Area Map and in conformance with the provisions in Temporary Fence noted in this document. Installation of temporary ESA fencing will restrict access and minimize impact to the parcel. This temporary fence shall be furnished, installed, maintained, and later removed by the Contractor in conformance with the details shown on the plans, as specified in the special provisions, and as directed by the City Project Manager. Native American Monitoring, performed by the Agua Caliente Band of Cahuilla Indians approved monitor, will occur along Dune Palms Road as depicted in the attached map. The Monitoring shall be furnished by the City of La Quinta in accordance with a Monitoring Agreement between the City of La Quinta and the Agua Caliente Band of Cahuilla Indians. In the event that cultural resources are discovered during construction activities, all work shall temporarily stop within a sixty foot buffer of the discovery until a Qualified Archaeologist can assess the nature of the discovery. In the event that human remains are discovered, all work shall cease within a sixty foot buffer of the discovery and the Riverside County Sheriff will be notified immediately. In accordance with California Public Resources Code (PRC) §5097.98, if the Coroner determines that the remains are Native American in origin, the provisions of PRC §5097.98 shall be followed. No work within the discovery buffer will be permitted until authorized by a Qualified Archaeologist. Construction Monitoring In addition to the establishment of an ESA, an Archaeological Monitoring Area (AMA) has been established. The AMA consists of an 0.82-acre portion the APE where ground disturbance is proposed. An archaeological monitor and the Agua Caliente Band of Cahuilla Indians approved monitor will monitor the AMA for the presence of any archaeological findings during all ground- disturbing activities, including bore pit excavations, installation of pull boxes, over excavation, and conduit installation through a Monitoring Agreement between the City of La Quinta and the Agua Caliente Band of Cahuilla Indians. The City Project Manager will submit the required Monitoring Request Form to the THPO and work with the tribal monitor and the Contractor to set up inspections every day during these construction activities. The City’s Public Works ESA Action Plan 6 Dune Palms Road October 2017 Inspector will monitor activity in and around the AMA/ESA and will report to the City Project Manager. This will consist of a weekly visit and regular communication with the Contractor and the tribal monitor. Archaeological Discoveries In the event that archaeological discoveries are made during construction, activities within 60 feet of the discovery shall cease and the Contractor must immediately notify the City Project Manager and the City Consulting Archaeologist. The City Project Manager will notify the Caltrans Environmental Manager, Caltrans Archaeologist, Caltrans Architectural Historian, THPO, and City Consulting Archaeologist. No work will be allowed within the 60 foot buffer until authorized by a Qualified Archaeologist. The Caltrans Archaeologist will notify the State Historic Preservation Officer within 48 hours of any ESA breach and consult immediately to determine how the discovery will be addressed. Human Remains In the event that human remains are discovered during construction, all activities within 60 feet of the discovery shall cease and the County Sheriff Deputy Coroner shall be contacted immediately. Pursuant to Public Resources Code (PRC) §5097.98, if the remains are thought to be Native American, the coroner will notify the Native American Heritage Commission (NAHC) who will then notify the Most Likely Descendent (MLD). The Contractor must also immediately notify the City Project Manager and the City Consulting Archaeologist. The City Project Manager will notify the Caltrans Environmental Manager, Caltrans Archaeologist, Caltrans Architectural Historian, THPO, and City Consulting Archaeologist. No work will be allowed within the 60 foot buffer until authorized by a Qualified Archaeologist. Further provisions of PRC §5097.98 are to be followed as applicable. Monitoring Report At the end of ground disturbing construction activities of the Project, A Monitoring and Discovery Report shall be prepared and submitted to Caltrans and the Agua Caliente Band of Cahuilla Indians for review and approval. Once finalized, the report will be distributed to the City of la Quinta, the Agua Caliente Band of Cahuilla Indians, and any other consulting parties who have requested documents related to the Project. Ground-disturbing activities in the ADI south of the Stormwater Channel (the Archaeological Monitoring Area [AMA]) (see Project Area Map) will be monitored by an archaeologist and a Native American. The archaeological monitor will meet the Caltrans qualifications for a Lead Archaeological Surveyor and will be supervised by an archaeologist who meets Caltrans qualifications for a Co-Principal Investigator (Co-PI) ESA Action Plan 7 Dune Palms Road October 2017 for Archaeology. The Co-PI will be on-call to assess any finds. The Native American monitor will be approved by the Agua Caliente Band of Cahuilla Indians. Storm Wate r C h a n n e l Storm Wate r C h a n n e l HWY 111DUNE PALMS RD600030018 Project Area Map for P33-16950Map Date: 8/29/2017 Photo Source: NAIP 2014 Dune Palms RoadLocation: N:\2014\2014-173.001 Dune Palms Road\MAPS\Cultural_Resources\APE\DP_ESA_V1.mxd (MAG)-mguidry 8/30/2017 I 0 50 Meters Map Contents Area of Potential Effects Riverside County Parcel Construction Limits (ADI) Site Boundary P33-08692 Orange Safety Fencing (ESA) Archaeological Monitoring Area (AMA)