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(2.3) 2035 LQ General Plan - Chapter II (11.19.13) - LIVABLE COMMUNITY   LIVABLE  COMMUNITY   II-­‐135           LIVABLE  COMMUNITY     PURPOSE   The  Livable  Community  Element  is  not  a  state  mandated  element,  but   is  an  element  that  La  Quinta  believes  is  important  to  the  long  term   quality  of  life  of  its  residents.  Many  components  of  the  natural  and   man-­‐made  environment  are  a  part  of  creating  a  livable  community:    the   conservation  of  natural  resources,  including  water  conservation;  the   reduction   of   air   pollution   and   greenhouse   gases;   high   quality   community  design  and  the  replacement  of  inefficient  appliances  and   fixtures  in  existing  homes  and  businesses;  efficient  use  of  the  car,  and   the  expansion  of  other,  non  motorized  means  of  transportation;  and   healthy  living  practices  which  help  to  improve  the  health  of  residents.     This   Element   will   help   the   City   build   a   more   cohesive   community   through   the   conservation   of   resources,   enhancement   of   the   built   environment,  encouraging  transportation  options  that  do  not  rely  as   much  on  the  automobile,  and  improving  the  community’s  health.  Many   programs   are   already   being   implemented   in   La   Quinta.   There   are   existing  examples  of  buildings  and  landscapes  that  have  been  designed   using  resource   conserving  techniques,   including   the   Vista   Dunes   Courtyard   Apartments.   The   Vista   Dunes   complex   provides   design   elements   and   features   that   reduce   energy   demands,   provide   renewable   energy,   and   reduce   water   demand.   A   number   of   other   programs  are  described  further  below.     Within  this  General  Plan,  this  Element  relates  to  the  broadest  range  of   elements,   including   Land   Use,   Circulation,   Parks   and   Recreation,   Open  Space,  Air  Quality,  Water  Resources  and  Public  Facilities.   Many   of   the   concepts   and   programs   in   this   Element   are   interconnected  with  State  Building  Codes,  Regional  Water   Plans,  and  the  City’s  Greenhouse  Gas  Reduction  Plan.             LIVABLE  COMMUNITY   II-­‐136   BACKGROUND   The  City  of  La  Quinta  has  grown  for  a  number  of  reasons,  including  its   wide  range  of  housing  stock,  its  varied  economic  base,  and  its  natural   setting.  As  the  City  continues  to  grow,  it  is  important  that  its  assets  be   preserved   and   enhanced,   and   that   future   residents,   visitors   and   business  people  experience  the  same  quality  of  life  as  past  and  current   residents  have.         An  important  tool  available  to  the  City  in  maintaining  and  enhancing   quality  of  life  is  its  ability  to  provide  choices  to  residents,  visitors  or   businesses.  These  choices  include  whether  a  family  wants  to  live  in  a   home,   an   apartment   or   a   condominium;   whether   a   resident   drives,   walks,  bicycles  or  takes  the  bus  to  work;  or  whether  he  shops  for  food   at  a  supermarket  or  a  farmers’  market.       This  Element  addresses  ways  in  which  the  City  can  sustain  and  enhance   the   natural   and   built   environment   to   assure   that   these   choices   are   available  in  the  future,  and  ultimately  improve  the  quality  of  life  for   everyone  in  La  Quinta.  The  quality  of  our  air  and  water,  the  ability  to   reduce  energy  use  and  save  money,  high  quality  development  options   and   the   improvement   of   all   types   of   transportation   systems   are   all   discussed  below  to  provide  the  broadest  menu  of  options  for  the  City’s   decision  makers  in  the  future.     Conservation  of  Natural  Resources   The   conservation   of   natural   resources   is   a  major   component   of  a   livable  community.  Each  new  development  creates  demands  for  water,   energy,   and   contributes   to   air   pollution   in   the   City   and   region.   Implementing   conservation   measures   will   not   only   help   the   environment,   but   will   also   provide   cost   savings   to   residents   and   business  owners,  and  reduce  the  City’s  own  operational  costs.       Water  Resources   The  City  of  La  Quinta  is  located  in  a  desert,  and  averages  only  3.31   inches  of  rain  per  year.2  As  a  result,  La  Quinta  and  all  communities  in   the   Coachella   Valley   rely   on   groundwater   as   the   primary   source   of   potable  drinking  water  and  irrigation.  Continued  growth  in  the  Valley   has  increased  demand  for  groundwater,  and  has  led  to  a  decline  in   groundwater  levels.  When  more  water  is  pumped  out  of  the  aquifer   than   can   be   replenished,   the   resulting   loss   is   called   “overdraft.”   In                                                                                                                   2    “Technical  Background  Report  to  the  Safety  Element  of  La  Quinta  2035  General   Plan  Update”,  prepared  by  Earth  Consultants  International,  Inc.,  June  2010.       LIVABLE  COMMUNITY   II-­‐137   2009,  the  CVWD  reported  that  a  total  of  160,000  acre-­‐feet  of  water   was  pumped  over  water  replenished,  resulting  in  an  overdraft  of  23,912   acre-­‐feet,  in  the  Lower  Whitewater  Subbasin,  which  serves  the  City  and   other  communities  in  the  eastern  Coachella  Valley.  3     Imported   water   from   the   Colorado   River   and   new   replenishment   programs  implemented  by  the  CVWD  have  helped  alleviate  declines,   but   both   rely   on   outside   sources   of   water.   In   2010,   approximately   300,000   acre-­‐feet   of   water   per   year   have   been   allocated   from   the   Colorado   River   to   the   eastern   Coachella   Valley,   primarily   for   agricultural   irrigation.   Although   continued   importation   of   water   will   help   to   replenish   the   aquifer,   a   more  resourceful  alternative   is   to   reduce  the  amount  of  water  pumped  by  the  CVWD,  which  will  have  a   direct  impact  on  overdraft.  Conservation  techniques  have  already  been   implemented,  and  new  measures  are  being  developed  to  lower  the   amount   of   water   used   by   each   household   and   business   in   the   City.   Some  of  the  existing  programs  include:      Coachella   Valley   Water   District   Urban   Water   Management   Plan:  The   Coachella   Valley   Water   District   has   developed   programs   for   reducing   water   use   throughout   the   Valley.   Implementation  of  conservation  programs  included  in  the  Plan   have  already  helped  reduce  water  demand,  particularly  through   the  use  of  recycled  water  for  irrigation  at  local  golf  courses.  The   CVWD   also   implemented   its   Landscape   and   Irrigation   System   Design  Criteria  Ordinance  as  a  result  of  the  Plan,  which  provides   specific   guidelines   for   local   communities   to   reduce   overall   water  use,  eliminate  water  flowing  down  streets,  and  establish   limited  grass  allowances  at  local  golf  courses.  The  CVWD  will   continue  to  be  a  source  for  new   programs   geared   toward   water   conservation.   The   CVWD   should   continue  to  expand  the  availability   of   recycled   water,   which   will   expand   the   use   of   non-­‐potable   water   for   golf   courses   and   landscaping.        City  Landscape  Ordinance:  The  City  has  already  been  proactive   in   water   conservation   by   incorporating   strict   new   outdoor                                                                                                                   3  “Engineer’s   Report   on   Water   Supply   and   Replenishment   Assessment:   Lower   Whitewater  River  Subbasin  Area  of  Benefit”,  CVWD,  April  2010.       LIVABLE  COMMUNITY   II-­‐138   water   use   standards   through   the   implementation   of   CVWD’s   landscaping  ordinance.  The  City  adopted  Title  8,  Chapter  8.13  of   the  Municipal  Code,  Water  Efficient  Landscaping,  on  February  5,   2010   to   reduce   water   usage   for   new   and   rehabilitated   landscaping   projects.   The   Ordinance   requires   the   use   of   drought  resistant  and  desert  friendly  plants,  reduced  use  of  turf   and   efficient   irrigation   design   and   equipment.   As   new   technology  is  developed,  the  Ordinance  should  be  updated  to   incorporate  its  use.       1. CalGreen  Code:  As  of  January  1,  2011,  all  qualifying  new  residential   and   nonresidential   buildings   in   California   will   need   to   abide   by   water   saving   measures   called   out   in   the   2010   California   Green   Building  Standards,  or  CalGreen  Codes.  The  CalGreen  Codes  require   that  indoor  water  use  be  reduced  by  20%  through  the  use  of  water   efficient   fixtures.   CalGreen   also   requires   irrigation   controls   that   monitor   soil   and   weather   conditions   and   eliminate   wasteful   watering.  Over  the  next  25  years,  increasingly  stringent  codes  will   further  reduce  water  use.       2. Federal  Water  Saving  Programs:  The  United  States  Environmental   Protection   Agency   has   created   the   WaterSense   label   for   various   products,   including   toilets,   sinks,   showerheads,   and   urinals   that   save   water.   As   an   example,   replacing   an   older   toilet   with   a   WaterSense  labeled  toilet  can  save  nearly  11  gallons  per  toilet  per   day,   or   4,000   gallons   per   year.   A   home   equipped   entirely   with   WaterSense   fixtures   can   save   approximately   10,000   gallons   of   water  per  year.4       Water  conservation  in  La  Quinta  is  essential  to  reduce  the  overdraft  of   local  groundwater,  and  protect  future  resources.  Water  conservation   must   include   all   types   of   water   use  –  from   landscaping   to   indoor   fixtures,   and   must   include   new   and   existing   development.   The   programs  described  above  provide  the  foundation  for  reducing  water   demand.   This   Element   can   allow   the   City   to   expand   programs   that   promote  water  conservation  now  and  into  the  future.                                                                                                                       4    www.epa.gov/WaterSense/products/index.html,  December  10,  2010.       LIVABLE  COMMUNITY   II-­‐139   Stormwater  Runoff  and  Water  Quality  Protection   The   reduction   of   stormwater   runoff,   which   leads   to   surface   water   pollution   and   groundwater   pollution,   is   also  important   to   the   preservation   of   water   resources.   Increased   runoff   and   pollution   is   caused   by   the   increasing   amount   of   non-­‐porous   surfaces   found   throughout  the  built  environment.  Natural  environments  allow  water   to  percolate  through  the  soil.  Roads,  parking  lots,  roofs  and  other  non-­‐ porous  structures  cause  runoff  to  flow  into  storm  drains,  channels  and   streams.  Non-­‐porous  surfaces  collect  pollutants,  such  as  oil,  pesticides,   and  other  chemicals,  which  are  carried  by  runoff  into  local  watersheds,   threatening  water  quality.  In  La  Quinta,  the  Whitewater  River  Channel   is  the  main  collection  point  of  local  runoff.  This  watercourse  is  also  an   important   source   for   groundwater   replenishment.   Increased   contamination  has  the  potential  to  threaten  groundwater  supplies  and   sensitive  habitat,  especially  in  and  around  the  Salton  Sea,  where  the   Whitewater  River  ends.         Existing   state   and   federal   regulations,   including   the   Federal   Clean   Water  Act,  are  working  to  protect  water  quality  and  reduce  runoff  and   pollution.  The  Clean  Water  Act  regulates  runoff  through  the  National   Pollutant  Discharge  Elimination  System  (NPDES).  The  NPDES  regulates   what  are  called  “point  sources”  of  pollution,  which  include  discharge     from   commercial,   industrial,   municipal,   and   other   buildings.   In  La   Quinta,   the   Colorado   River   Basin   Regional   Water   Control   Board   is   responsible  for  the  NPDES  permit   process.  The  Board  also  requires   that   new   development   use   Stormwater  Pollution  Prevention   Plans   (SWPPP)   and   Best   Management  Practices  (BMP)  to   reduce   impacts   from   runoff   during   construction,   and   also   during  life  of  the  project.       La   Quinta   implements   the   requirements   of   NPDES   with   all   new   development.  In  addition,  design  options  such  as  vegetated  swales,   buffers,  and  detention  basins  in  new  development  projects  can  help  to   reduce  stormwater  pollution.       LIVABLE  COMMUNITY   II-­‐140   Bioswales  in  parking  lots  can  be  built  to  help  capture  runoff.  Bioswales   also  provide  opportunities  to  breakup  the  monotony  of  large  parking   lots,   and   provide   healthier   environments   for  plants.  Other  measures  that  should  be   encouraged  at  the  local  level  are  the  use  of   permeable   materials,   such   as   pavers,   cobblestone,   and   crushed   stone   for   the   construction   of   roads,   sidewalks,   parking   lots  and  driveways.  Design  techniques  used   to  reduce  runoff  from  both  residential  and   non-­‐residential  will  help  La  Quinta  improve  water  quality.     Air  Quality   Air  is  an  important  natural  resource,  and  human  health  is  dependent   on  clean  air.  Harmful  air  leads  to  health  related  problems  including  lung   disease,  heart  disease,  asthma  and  birth  defects.  Air  quality  issues  have   become  more  common  in  Southern  California  as  it  has  continued  to   grow.   The   combination   of   geography,  the  dependence   on   automobile   travel,   and   growth   have   combined   to   create   high   levels   of   air   pollutants.       The   Coachella   Valley   generally   has   cleaner   air   than   areas   west   of   the   mountains,   but   the   Valley   does   have   air   quality   concerns.   Air   Pollution   is   caused   mainly   by   cars,   diesel   trucks,   and   buses.   Other   sources   include   construction   activities,   heating   and   air   conditioning  units,  lawn  mowers  and  blowers,  and  other  non-­‐mobile   sources.   The   Air   Quality   Element   and   the   General   Plan   EIR   provide   detailed  descriptions  of  the  types  of  air  pollutants,  including  carbon   monoxide,  sulfur  oxide,  nitrogen  oxide,  ozone,  lead,  particulate  matter   and  volatile  organic  compounds.       In   more   recent   years,   greenhouse   gases   have   gained   notoriety.   Greenhouse  gases  are  caused  by  the  burning  of  fossil  fuels,  and  include   carbon   dioxide,   methane,   nitrous   oxide,   chlorofluorocarbons,   hydrofluorocarbons,   perfluorocarbons,   sulfur   hexafluoride,   and   aerosols.  Greenhouse  gases  have  been  linked  to  climate  change,  and   are  believed  to  be  responsible  for  global  warming.  State  legislation,   including   the   Global   Warming   Solutions   Act   (AB32),   calls   for   a       LIVABLE  COMMUNITY   II-­‐141   reduction  in  greenhouse  gases  to  1990  levels  by  2020,  representing  a   30%  reduction  State-­‐wide.  As  part  of  its  local  implementation  of  AB32,   La  Quinta  has  developed  a  Greenhouse  Gas  Reduction  Plan,  and  aims   to  reduce  CO2e  emissions  in  compliance  with  State  mandates.       The  Greenhouse  Gas  Reduction  Plan   includes   a   comprehensive   inventory  of  greenhouse  gas  emissions  generated  City-­‐wide,  including   those  generated  by  local  government  activities.    Future  emissions  of   greenhouse   gases   are   projected,   reduction   targets   set,   and   policies   and   programs   are   proposed  to   provide   the   City   with   tools   to   meet   State  requirements.     Improving  air  quality  is  a  regional  problem  and  requires  a  cooperative   effort  of  state,  regional  and  local  agencies.  The  South  Coast  Air  Quality   Management  District  (SCAQMD)  regulates  air  quality  for  the  region,   and  has  adopted  Air  Quality  Management  Plans  to  meet  federal  and   State  Clean  Air  Act  requirements.  The  SCAQMD  also  has  adopted  plans   that  address  toxic  air  pollutants.       The   most   significant   source   of   air   pollution   in   La   Quinta   is   from   automobile   emissions.   Automobile   emissions   create   high   levels   of   ozone,  carbon  monoxide,  and  also  greenhouse  gases.  Efforts  to  reduce   emissions  from  automobiles  can  result  in  significant  improvements  to   air  quality  and  help  reduce  the  greenhouse  gases  that  lead  to  global   warming.  A  reduction  in  auto  emissions  can  be  achieved  in  two  ways:   by  reducing  the  number  of  trips  people   take   in   their   automobiles;   and   by   improving   the   technology   which   runs   those   automobiles.   Reducing   vehicle   trips   requires   developing  pedestrian   friendly   environments   and   encouraging   alternative  modes  of  transportation.  The   City   can   expand   alternative   transportation  in  a  number  of  ways:      Improving   and   expanding   the   multi-­‐use   path  network   that   exists   currently   throughout   the   City,   and   making  it   accessible   to   multiple   users,   including   pedestrians,  bicyclists  and  golf  cart  riders.    Expanding  the  City’s  golf  cart  routes.      Facilitating   the   use   of   Neighborhood   Electric  Vehicles.     LIVABLE  COMMUNITY   II-­‐142    Improving   and   expanding   sidewalks   and   pedestrian   trails   to   assure  safe  travel  for  pedestrians.    Including  bike  racks  in  development  plans  for  both  private  and   public  development.    Encouraging  the  expansion  of  bus  service  through  the  SunLine   Transit  Agency.    Implementing   Transportation   Demand   Management   for   large   employers  (please  see  the  Circulation  Element  for  a  description   of  Transportation  Demand  Management).     The  technological  improvements  to  the  automobile,  including  better   emissions  control  for  gasoline  and  diesel  vehicles,  and  hybrid,  natural   gas   and   electric   vehicles,   will   come   from   elsewhere.   The   City   can,   however,   facilitate   and   encourage   these   technological   advances   by   making   it   easier   to   operate   an   alternative   fuel   vehicle   in   the   City   through:      Installation  of  charging  stations  at  public  parking  lots.    Encouraging  the  installation  of  charging  stations  at  commercial   shopping  centers  and  employment  centers.    Encouraging  alternative  fuel  fueling  stations  in  the  City.    Providing   incentives   for   alternatively   fueled   vehicles,   such   as   preferred  or  covered  parking,  at  public  facilities.     Energy  Resources   The  conservation  of  energy  resources  is  another  important  component   of  the  Livable  Community  Element.  Although  there  are  no  electric  or   natural  gas  power  plants  in  La  Quinta,  the  demand  for  electricity  and   natural  gas  from  City  residents  and  businesses  increases  air  pollution   elsewhere.  The  production  of  electricity  and  natural  gas  is  dependent   on  the  burning  of  fossil  fuels.  The  higher  the  demand  for  electricity  and   natural   gas,   the   higher   the   emissions   from   the   plants   that  produce   them.  A  reduction  in  energy  use  will  help  reduce  the  amount  of  air   pollutants  and  greenhouses  gases  generated  by  electricity  and  natural   gas   production.   Another   important   way   in   which   to   reduce   the   pollution   generated   by   energy   production   is   the   use   of   alternative   energy  –  solar  and  wind  power  –  to  generate  electricity.     Current  Electric  and  Gas  Use   The  average  household’s  electricity  demand  is  16,798  (kilowatt  hours)   kwh  per  year  in  La  Quinta.  There  are  currently  approximately  23,489   households   within   the   City,   and   801   households   in   the   Sphere   of   Influence.   These   households   use   approximately  408,023,420  kwh   of   electricity  in  one  year.  Commercial  uses,  such  as  retail  stores  and  office     LIVABLE  COMMUNITY   II-­‐143   buildings,  have  an  estimated  demand  of  57.88  kwh  per  square  foot  per   year.   In   La   Quinta,   commercial   uses   consume  371,244,404  kwh   of   electricity  annually.         Natural   gas   demand   for   a   household   in   La   Quinta   is   approximately   29,093   cubic   feet   per   year,   and   the   average   commercial   demand   is   approximately   53.22   cubic   feet   per  square   foot   per   year.   The   City   generates  a  need  for  approximately    1,024,720,473  cubic  feet  of  natural   gas  annually.         The   City   has   little   control  over  either   the   production   or   the   consumption   of   energy.   It   can,   however,   take   advantage   of   State   regulations  aimed  at  reducing  energy  demand,  which  will  benefit  La   Quinta:      Executive   Order   S-­‐20-­‐04:  Governor   Schwazernegger   signed   Executive  Order  S-­‐20-­‐04  in  2004  to  reduce  energy  use  in  state-­‐ owned   buildings   by   20%   by   2015   from   2003   levels,   and   encourage   the   private   commercial   sector   to   do   the   same.   It   created   the   Green   Building   Action   Plan   to   establish   specific   measures  to  attain  the  targeted  energy  use  reduction,  including   requiring  all  new  State  buildings  and  major  renovations  to  abide   to  certain  LEED  standards;  meet  Energy  Star  rating  of  at  least  75   by  2015;  and  reduce  the  volume  of  energy  purchased  from  the   grid.  The  Action  Plan  also  calls  on  the  California  Public  Utilities   Commission  to  fund  a  campaign  to  inform  the  private  sector  on   ways   to   reduce   energy   use  by   20%.5    Although   private   residential   and   nonresidential   buildings   are   only   encouraged,   and  not  mandated  to  abide  by  policies  of  the  Green  Building   Action  Plan,  they  are  required  to  abide  by  new  Energy  Efficiency   Standards  adopted  by  the  California  Energy  Commission.        CEC   Energy   Efficient   Standards:   The   California   Energy   Commission   adopted   Energy   Efficiency   Standards   for   all   new   residential   and   nonresidential   construction   to   reduce   greenhouse  gases.  All  new  construction  of  residential  and  non-­‐ residential  buildings   in   La   Quinta   as   of   January   1,   2010   are   required   to   abide   by   the   Energy   Efficiency   Standards   implemented   through   California   Building   Code   Title   24.   New   homes,  are  required  to  include  at  least  50%  of  kitchen  lighting   be  LED,  compact  fluorescent  or  similar  high  efficiency  fixtures;                                                                                                                   5    “State  of  California  Green  Building  Action  Plan,   http://www.energy.ca.gov/greenbuilding/,  accessed  December  10,  2010     LIVABLE  COMMUNITY   II-­‐144   double  pane  windows;  cool  roofs,  and  other  design  techniques   to  reduce  heat  loss.  Non-­‐residential  development  is  also  subject   to   new   more   efficient   requirements   for   mechanic   systems,   outdoor  lighting,  sign  lighting  and  refrigerated  warehouses.        CalGreen  Code:  The  CalGreen  Code  was  developed  as  part  of   the  California  Building  Code’s  Title  24,  which  addresses  energy   efficiency.  The  Code  began  as  a  voluntary  program,  but  now   imposes   standards   on   new   construction.   The   2010   CalGreen   Code   provides   voluntary   measures   for   energy   efficiency   for   both  residential  and  nonresidential  construction.       Energy  Reduction  Measures   Reducing  energy  use  in  La  Quinta  will  require  efforts  to  reduce  both   the  demand,  and  change  the  source  of  the  supply.  Programs  to  reduce   demand  must  be  considered  for  both  existing  and  future  development.   Within  the  City,  the  vast  majority  of  land  is  already  built  out.  As  a  result,   the   demand   for   energy   is   generated   by   existing   equipment   and   fixtures,   which   are   older   and   less   efficient.   The   City   can   see   considerable   reductions   in   energy   use   if   older   appliances   and   incandescent  lighting  fixtures  are  replaced  with  high  efficiency  ones.   The   Greenhouse   Gas   Reduction   Plan   has   been   completed   with   just   those  targets  in  mind.  The  Plan  includes  a  number  of  measures  which   could  significantly  reduce  the  City’s  use  of  energy:      Completing  energy  audits  for  larger  users,  in  conjunction  with   the  Imperial  Irrigation  District.    Installation  of  solar  panels  at  City  facilities.    Solar  panel  retrofitting  programs  for  single  family  homes  and   commercial  projects.    Requiring  Energy  Star  appliances  in  new  homes,  and  partnering   with   other   agencies   to   provide   rebates   for   Energy   Star   appliances  in  existing  homes.    Encouraging  cool  roofs  and   green  roofs   for   new   commercial  projects.    Requiring   that   commercial   buildings  be  wired  for  solar   roof  panels,  to  allow  future   installation.     The   solar   panel   installation   programs   described   above   tie   directly   to   the   needed   change   in     LIVABLE  COMMUNITY   II-­‐145   the  way  power  companies  secure  their  supply.  The  installation  of  solar   panels   in   the   City   will   have   a   direct   impact   on   Imperial   Irrigation   District’s  (IID)  supply.  As  large  scale  solar  farms  are  developed  in  the   southern  California  deserts,  they  will  also  reduce  the  amount  of  energy   generated  by  oil  and  coal.  IID  also  has  invested  in  geo-­‐thermal  power   generation  in  Imperial  County,  and  other  alternative  energy  sources.   The   western   Coachella   Valley   has   been,   and   will   continue   to   be   a   source  of  wind  energy.  These  projects  are  likely  to  be  expanded  in  the   future,  and  further  reduce  dependence  on  polluting  power  generation.   Although  the  City  has  limited  direct  ability  to  change  the  power  grid,  it   can   continue   to  educate   and  inform  the   use   of   alternative   power   generation   through   its   intergovernmental   contacts,   including   CVAG,   State  representatives,  and  federal  elected  officials.     The  Built  Environment   The  built  environment  includes  all  roads,  buildings,  and  infrastructure   in  the  City.  How  these  are  designed  and  constructed  directly  affects   how  the   City   impacts   the   environment,   natural   resources,   and   its   residents’   health.     The   General   Plan,   and   this   Element   in   particular,   encourage   a   built   environment   that   promotes   quality   community   design;  and  respect  for  natural  resources.       Community  Design   Community   design   focuses   primarily   on   quality   of   life   issues  –  the   pleasing   appearance   of   a   project;   having   sufficient   parks   to   accommodate  everyone’s  needs;  the  ability  of  residents  to  travel  from   one  location  to  the  other  without  delay  or  impediment;  and  a  balanced   economy  which  provides  jobs  for  residents,  and  sufficient  revenues  to   pay  for  City  services.  Livable  community  design  is  an  extension  of  these   principles,   and   focuses   on   assuring   that   the   City   “lives   within   its   means”  in  all  aspects.  That  is  to  say  that  the  use  of  any  resource  is   balanced  with  its  replenishment.  In  this  case,  “resource”  is  used  in  the   broadest   sense:   water   and   air   are   both   traditional   resources;  and  a   healthy  economy  is  also  considered  a  resource.       Land  Use   The  most  important  commodity  to  any  community  is  land.  Historically,   land  has  been  developed  using  regulations  that  encourage  land  use   segregation,   to   protect   residential   uses   from   more   intense   and   potentially   conflicting   uses.     The   result   is   a   separation   between   residential   areas   and   the   daily   functions   of   life,   including   working,   shopping,  and  recreation.  The  use  of  automobiles  has  encouraged  this   type  of  development  pattern,  and  over  time  has  had  negative  effects  –   air   pollution,   more   and   more   paved   roadways,   and   the   isolation   of     LIVABLE  COMMUNITY   II-­‐146   people  in  the  community.  The  resurgence  of  old  principles  in  land  use  –   principles   by   which   most   European   and   older   American   cities   were   built  -­‐-­‐  call  for  land  uses  that  are  more  interconnected,  compact,  and   that  offer  a  mix  of  uses,  providing  opportunities  for  people  to  live,   work,  and  shop  within  the  same  area  or  building.   Mixed  use  development  can  be  built  vertically  or   horizontally.  Many  vertically  integrated  mixed-­‐use   buildings   provide   for   commercial   retail   on   the   ground   floor,   sometimes   offices  on   the   second   floor,   and   residential   units   above.   Mixed-­‐use   developments   can   also   provide   for   retail   and   offices  mixes,  as  well  as  live/work  environments.   Horizontal  mixed  use  projects  are  either  attached   or   detached,   and   are   located   in   a   compact   development.  Many  times  this  includes  commercial   buildings  along  a  main  road,  with  residential  units  directly  behind  the   commercial  building.  The  key  to  any  successful  mixed  use  project  is  the   development   of   inter-­‐connections   between   uses,   allowing   residents   and  businesses   to   co-­‐exist   without   conflict,   and   providing   residents   with  work  and  shopping  opportunities  that  do  not  include  their  cars.  In   order   for   mixed   use   buildings   to   create   an   environment   which   is   comfortable  for  a  pedestrian,  buildings  should  be  located  next  to  the   sidewalk  or  walkway,  rather  than  behind  large  parking  lots.  Another   key  component  of  pedestrian  friendly  buildings  is  good  building  design   and   proper   scale.   The   combination   of   various   roof   lines,   protecting   storefront   windows,   building   mass  which   does   not   overwhelm   the   pedestrian,  and  unique  architectural  elements  that  provide  visual  relief   are  all  important  to  encourage  pedestrian  activity.  Successful  mixed   use  developments  promote  a  sense  of  place,  and  become  gathering   places  for  residents  and  visitors  to  enjoy.     As  described  in  the  Land  Use  Element,  this  General  Plan  creates  the   Mixed  Use  zoning  designation  for  commercial  lands  along  Highway  111   and  in  the  Village.  Mixed  Use  projects  proposed  in  the  future  must   incorporate  attractive,  useable  and  safe  public  spaces  in  order  to  be   successful.  It  is  also  important  to  note  that  existing  development  can   be   adapted   to   incorporate   these   principles,   and   that   because   the     LIVABLE  COMMUNITY   II-­‐147   majority  of  the  City  is  already  developed,  redevelopment  of  existing   projects  to   incorporate   these   principles   will   be   an   important   component  of  a  successful  livable  La  Quinta  (please  see  “Retrofitting   Existing  Development,”  below).       Resource  Efficient  Building  Design   The  design  and  construction  of  new  buildings  has  been  changing  at  a   rapid  pace.  Technologies  have  evolved  and  changed  to  broadly  expand   the   options   available   to   architects,   designers   and   contractors   when   they   create   a   new   structure.   More   and   more,   designs   incorporate   recycled   materials,   high   efficiency   windows,   alternative   energy   and   other  techniques  which  reduce  the  impact  these  new  buildings  have  on   natural  resources,  and  make  them  more  self-­‐sustaining.  Such  building   designs  are  energy  efficient,  conserve  water,  and  are  multi-­‐functional.   The  design  innovations  which  have  been  developed  have  also  evolved   into   building   standards   and   guidelines,   including   privately   run   programs   and   adopted   building   codes.   Structured   programs   are   available   for   both   residential   and   commercial/industrial/institutional   designs,   which   provide  a  rating  system  for  the  level  of  sustainability   built   into   a   structure.   The   most   commonly   used   programs  are  currently  the  LEED  (Leadership  in  Energy   and  Environmental  Design)  program  for  non-­‐residential   development,   and   the   Green   Building   program   for   residential   structures.   These   programs   are   voluntary,   and   are   likely   to   change   and   evolve   as   new   technologies  are  developed.  The  State  of  California  has   also   amended   its   building   codes   and   developed   the   CalGreen   Codes   to   improve  resource   efficiency  in   building  design.   This   program   is   mandatory,   and   will   lead   to   highly   efficient   building   construction   throughout   the   State,   including   La   Quinta.  The  City’s  Greenhouse  Gas  Reduction  Plan  also  relies  on  the   use   of   these   improved   efficiency   systems   to   reduce   emissions   in   buildings  in  the  future.  These  programs  and  standards  provide  the  City   with  an  opportunity  to  build  resource  efficiency    into  all  future  building   designs.     Two  energy  reducing  techniques  particularly  effective  in  La  Quinta  are   active   and   passive   solar   design.   Passive   solar   design   relies   on   the   design  and  placement  of  a  building  to  take  advantage  of  the  sun  in  the   winter,  and  to  provide  shade  in  the  summer.  Energy  Star  windows  that   insulate   homes;   the   use   of   thermal   chimneys   to   help   with   air   circulation;  solar  tubes  to  capture  natural  light;  the  use  of  green  roofs   (roofs   that   are   planted   to   insulate   from   heat;   or   white   roofs   that     LIVABLE  COMMUNITY   II-­‐148   reflect   the   sun   and   reduce   heat   gain   are   all   passive  solar  techniques).  Active  solar  design  is   the   use   of   renewable   energy   sources,   such   as   solar   panels,   to   produce   power   and   reduce   energy  consumption.  At  the  City’s  Vista  Dunes   Apartments  project,  solar  panels  were  installed   on   the   roofs   to   reduce   the   tenant   costs   for   electricity.     In   addition   to   residential   roofs,   carports   in   apartment   or   commercial   projects   provide   excellent   places   to   install   solar   panels.   They   are   also   an   excellent   way   to   shade   vehicles   from   the   sun,   and   help   reduce   the   “heat  island”  effect  –  the  increase  in  temperature  that  occurs  when   asphalt  absorbs  the  sun’s  energy.  Promoting  passive  and  active  solar   design   can   result   in   energy   cost-­‐savings   for   the   home   or   building   owner,   and   provide   local   opportunities   for   alternative   electricity   production  to  the  IID  system.       Public  Spaces   One  of  the  most  important  features  of  livable  community  design  are   attractive,  engaging,  and  safe  public  spaces.  These  include  walkways   or  sidewalks,  plazas  and  courtyards,  parks  and  public  facilities,  and  the   “in-­‐between”  places  or  public  areas   between   buildings   and   private   property.   These   areas   need   to   be   vibrant,   dynamic,   and   active,   and   perhaps  most  importantly,  need  to   make   people   feel   safe.   Public   spaces   should   emphasize   a   destination   or   place,   rather   than   leftover   space.   Creating   place   requires   many   of   the   elements   discussed   earlier,   including   appropriate   land   uses,   and   good   building   design.   The   scale   and   placement  of  buildings  must  define  the  space,  and  also  create  a  sense   of  excitement  or  curiosity  for  the  people  entering  it.       These  spaces  include  the  roadways  that  connect  projects.  As  a  result,   lane   widths,   parking   aisles,   bike   lanes   and   sidewalks   must   be   appropriately   sized   in   relation   to   the   vertical   facades   of   buildings.   Street  trees,  light  standards,  street  furniture  and  signage  must  convey   an  invitation  to  stay  within  that  space.  Storefronts  that  appear  to  be     LIVABLE  COMMUNITY   II-­‐149   part  of  the  walkway  –  with  much  use  of  glass,  or  open  doors  which  blur   the   boundary   between   the   store   and   the   walkway,   the   shade   of   awnings  or  canopies,  and  the  interest  created  by  varying  storefronts   lead  people  from  one  store  to  the  next.  This  also  creates  a  safe  and   comfortable   atmosphere   for   pedestrians   or   bicyclists.   A   plaza   or   square  brings  people  together,  and  should  be  accessed  from  multiple   directions,  which  further  enhances  a  pedestrian’s  ability  to  travel  from   one  place  to  the  other.     Appropriate  design  of  public  spaces  can  also  lead  to  conserving  energy   and  water,  and  enhancing  community  character.  A  livable  public  space   provides  improved  safety  and  security  in  the  community  improves  the   health   of   residents   by   encouraging   more   walking   and   exercise;   and   reduces  impacts  on  air,  energy  and  water  resources.       Transportation   The  emissions  from  automobiles  are  the  single  largest  contributor  to   the   City’s   air   pollution.   As   the   City   works   toward   being   more   self-­‐ sustaining,   protecting   its   air   quality   must   be   considered.   The   City’s   Greenhouse   Gas   Reduction   Plan   includes   a   number   of   strategies   to   reduce  the  amount  of  air  emissions  from  motor  vehicles,  all  of  which   are  designed  to  help  to  reduce  emissions.  A  sample  of  the  measures   considered  in  the  Plan  include:      The   replacement   of   City   and   private   gasoline   vehicles   with   electric  vehicles.    Synchronizing  traffic  signals  to  improve  traffic  flow  and  reduce   idling.    Expending  multiuse  paths  and  golf  cart  routes.     A   large   part   of   the   effort   toward   reducing   impacts   on   air   quality   involves  enabling  alternative  modes  of  transportation  (such  as  trails   for   pedestrians   and   bicyclists,   golf   cart   and   Neighborhood   Electric   Vehicles),   enhancing   access   to   public   transit,   and   improving   connections   between   residences   and   these   alternative   modes   of   transportation.       Alternative  Modes  of  Transportation   One  of  the  best  and  effective  ways  to  reduce  traffic,  and  air  pollution,   in   a   community   is   to   promote   alternative   modes   of   transportation.   Alternative   transportation   includes   ride-­‐sharing,   carpooling,   vanpooling,  public  transit,  bicycling,  walking,  using  hybrid  or  electric   vehicles,  golf  carts  and  Neighborhood  Electric  Vehicles  (NEV’s).  NEV’s     LIVABLE  COMMUNITY   II-­‐150   and  golf   carts   are   practical   on   low   volume   streets,   within   gated   communities,  and  for  local  trips.       There   are   two   primary   methods   to   promote   alternative   modes   of   transportation:  providing  infrastructure  to  support  it,  and  promoting   programs  to  encourage  it.       Existing  multi-­‐use  paths  throughout  the  city  and  Sphere  of  Influence   can  be  used  for  bicycle,  golf  carts,  and  walking.  Class  I  bicycle  and  golf   cart   lanes,   which   are   off-­‐ road  facilities,  are  safe  and   separated  from  traffic,  and   often  used  by  pedestrians   as   well.   The   majority   of   bicycle  and  golf  cart  lanes   in   the   City   currently,   however,  are  Class  II  lanes,   which   are   on-­‐road   lanes.   These  are  not  appropriate   for   pedestrians,   but   are   often   located   next   to   sidewalks.   The   City’s   existing   Golf   Cart   Transportation  Program  includes  long  term  plans  for  additional  routes   which  would  connect  much  of  the  City  by  golf  cart.  The  expansion  of   Golf   Cart   Routes   and   multi-­‐use  paths,   especially   those   which   interconnect,   is   critical   to   encouraging   people   to   use   them.   It   is   important  that  new  routes  be  safe,  easily  accessible,  and  that  new  and   existing   development   accommodate   the   use   of   alternative   vehicles.   State   legislation   now   requires   that   the   City   consider   all   forms   of   transportation   in   its   street   design,   to   assure   that   alternative   transportation  routes  are  available  and  interconnect  in  the  community.   This   is   an   important   new   development   in   encouraging   alternative   transportation.   (Please   see   the   Circulation   Element   for   a   detailed   discussion  of  Golf  Cart  Routes,  Trails  and  Complete  Streets.)  During  the   life   of   this   General   Plan,   new   technologies   will   evolve   which   will   expand  the  possibilities  for  alternative  vehicles.  Flexibility  in  the  City’s   development  standards  and  policies  will  assure  that  new  development   will  be  able  to  take  advantage  of  these  new  technologies.     Public   transit   is   another   form   of   transportation   which   has   great   potential   for   reducing   air   pollution.   The   City’s   and   region’s   transit   provider  currently  (2010)  operates  an  all-­‐alternative  fuel  fleet,  and  has   been  a  leader  in  developing  alternative  fuel  technologies  for  buses.   Service  routes  are  directly  linked  to  demand,  and  have  generally  been   limited   to   major   arterial   roadways.   It   is   important   that   the   City     LIVABLE  COMMUNITY   II-­‐151   encourage  the  expansion  of  the  route  system  to  make  transit  easier  to   access  throughout  the  City.  In  the  short  term,  the  City  may  need  to   consider  locating  park  and  ride  lots  in  existing  or  future  parking  lots   adjacent  to  existing  bus  stops  in  order  to  facilitate  the  interconnection   between  un-­‐served  areas  and  major  arterials.  Increased  ridership  will   be  dependent  on  quick  and  easy  access  that  links  neighborhoods  to   local  destinations  such  as  employment  and  recreation  centers.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           Alternative   transportation   programs   extend   beyond   bus   service   expansion.  Transportation  Demand  Management,  which  requires  large   employers  to  provide  incentives  and  facilities  to  reduce  the  number  of   employee  vehicle  trips  they  create,  is  described  in  more  detail  in  the   Circulation  Element.  The  City  can  also  develop  programs,  and  require   private  development  to  include  programs,  which  support  alternative   transportation,  including  alternative  fuel  or  charging  stations,  golf  cart   or  NEV  parking,  or  preferred  carpool  parking  areas.     Transit  Oriented  Development   Transit  oriented  developments  are  meant  to  be  dynamic  places  that   provide   mixed   uses,   compact   development,   and   enhanced   public   spaces.   These   features   reinforce   the   positive   experience   for   pedestrians  by  providing  visual  stimulating  environments,  a  sense  of   place,  and  a  sense  of  security.  In  order  to  create  dynamic  places,  transit   oriented  development  should  offer  mixed  uses  that  provide  services  at   all  times  of  the  day,  and  provide  multiple  housing  options  to  encourage   residential  uses.  Existing  shopping  centers  with  large  parking  lots,  and   underutilized  areas  are  perfect  places  to  create  these  environments,   particularly  since  access  to  major  transportation  corridors  are  critical  to   their  success.     Retrofitting  Existing  Development     The  majority  of  the  lands  within  the  City  are  built  out.  Older  buildings   were   developed   with   inefficient   technology.   Existing   residential,   commercial   and   institutional   facilities   can   gradually   become   more   efficient  by  retrofitting  buildings  with  new  water  and  energy  saving   technologies.  There  are  many  incentive  programs  available  for  helping   convert  to  newer  technologies  today,  and  these  types  of  programs  are   sure   to   expand   in   the   future,   as   demand   increases   and   costs   for   alternative  technology  decreases.         LIVABLE  COMMUNITY   II-­‐152   Retrofitting  for  Water  Conservation   Many  developments  were  built  prior  to  the  need  for  conserving  water,   and  include  landscaping  and  irrigation  systems  that  have  a  high  water   demand.   The   CVWD   reports   that   80%   of   water   usage   comes   from   outdoor   landscaping.   The   District   has  created   incentives   for   the   conversion   of   lawns   to   drought   tolerant   ground   covers,   sprinkler   nozzle  replacement,  and  “smart  controllers.”  Smart  Controllers  can  cut   water  usage  by  30%  by  automatically  adjusting  irrigation  systems  based   on  historic  weather  data.  The  City  is  participating  in  the  program  by   fast-­‐tracking  the  review  of  landscape  designs  for  these  conversions  in   master  planned  communities  and  commercial  projects.  The  expansion   of  these  programs  will  continue  through  the  buildout  of  the  City,  and   can  be  implemented  as  Sphere  of  Influence  lands  are  annexed  into  the   City.       Retrofitting  Energy  Systems   There  are  many  incentives  available  for  residents  and  businesses  that   install  energy  efficient  appliances,  lights,  and  active  solar  systems.  The   City  and  IID  provide  programs  for  reducing  electricity,  including  energy   audits,  rebates  for  Energy  Star  appliances  and  air  conditioning  units.   Commercial  rebates  are  also  available  for  Energy  Start  thermostats,   commercial   and   industrial   HVAC   equipment,   lighting  and   energy   efficient   motors.   Federal   programs   also   provide   tax   credits   for   business  and  residents  using  Energy  Star  products.  These  rebates  and   tax   incentives   may   change   over   the  years,  but  can  be  effectively   used   to   retrofit   existing   development.       Installing   solar   systems   or   other   renewable   energy   systems   on   buildings   is   another   method   becoming  increasingly  accessible   for  individual  residents  and  businesses.  The  year-­‐round  sunshine  in  La   Quinta   makes   it   an   ideal   location   for   solar   technologies.   IID   offers   rebate  incentives  to  qualifying  projects  to  help  reduce  the  initial  cost  of   installing   these   systems.   State   and   federal   programs   also   provide   rebates  and  tax  credits  to  consumers  who  install  solar  energy  systems,   as  well  as  geothermal  pumps,  small  wind  systems,  and  residential  fuel   cell  and  micro-­‐turbine  systems.6    The  City  can  continue  to  encourage   the  use  of  energy  saving  incentives  today  and  in  the  future  to  reduce   dependence  on  traditional  electric  power  generation.                                                                                                                     6  www.iid.com     LIVABLE  COMMUNITY   II-­‐153     Retrofitting  Building  Design   As  described   above,   the   development   of   mixed   use   projects,   which   bring   residents   closer   to   their   jobs   and   shopping,   can   have   a   tremendous   impact   on   improving  the   City’s     livability.  Although  new  projects  are  the  simplest  way  to  achieve  this   goal,  it  is  also  possible  to  retrofit  existing  projects  to  achieve  the  same   positive  result.       The  range  of  options  is  extensive,  and  can   include   the   conversion   of   a   single   family   home  in  the  Village  to  an  office,  to  major   changes  to  an  existing  shopping  center  to   provide   a   better   environment,   and   incorporate   residential   development.   Existing  development  on  Highway  111,  for   example,  may  have  an  opportunity  to  change  in  the  coming  years.  That   change   may   not   require   demolition,   but   may   occur   through   the   addition  of  buildings  which  provide  greater  flexibility  of  use.  By  adding   to  existing  projects,  the   City   can   expand   its   development   options,   both   residential   and   commercial,  and  reduce   its   dependence  on   the   automobile  at  the  same   time.   New   structures   can  be  wrapped  around   existing   commercial   buildings   to   create   completely   new   environments,  and  create  a  residential  development  next  to  existing   commercial   uses.   Driveways   between   projects   can   be  enhanced  to   provide  better  pedestrian  access,  and  buildings  constructed  adjacent   to  these  new  sidewalks  to  provide  a  pedestrian  scaled  environment.   These   projects   can   also   be   connected,   even   across   Highway   111,   by   street   trees   and   other   landscaping   elements   which   make   the   area   more  pedestrian  friendly.  Please  also  see  the  Land  Use  Element  for  a   more  detailed  description  of  the  potential  for  mixed  use  development   in  existing  commercial  areas,  including  the  Village  and  Highway  111.       The  City  also  has  a  number  of  walled  and  gated  communities,  many  of   which   are   adjacent   to   existing   commercial   development,   schools   or   other  public  facilities.  In  most  cases,  however,  these  adjacent  facilities     LIVABLE  COMMUNITY   II-­‐154   are   not   directly   accessible.   A   simple   design   retrofit   can   encourage   pedestrian   and   bicycle   access   to   these   facilities:   the   creation   of   a   pedestrian  gate  in  a  wall  can  eliminate  the  need  to  drive  through  and   around  to  that  same  adjacent  commercial,  school  or  public  use.     Retrofitting  City  Facilities   The   City   has   an   opportunity   to   lead   by   example   in   developing   and   implementing  resource  efficient  policies  and  programs.  La  Quinta  has   made   strides   towards   this   goal   by   implementing   its   Landscaping   Ordinance,   Greenhouse   Gas   Reduction   Plan   and  Sustainability   Program.   These   programs   must   be   flexible   and   have   the   ability   to   evolve  and  grow  over  time,  as  funds  permit  and  opportunities  arise.   Please  also  see  the  Air  Quality  Element.     The   City   should   regularly   monitor   and   amend   the   Landscape   Ordinance   to   abide   by  new   technologies   and   requirements   of   the  Coachella  Valley  Water  District,   and   should   retrofit   existing   City   properties   and   new   buildings   with   water  saving  irrigation  technology,  recycled  water  when  possible,  and   reduced  use  of  turf  in  landscaping.  The  City  can  also  reduce  indoor   water  use  by  installing  water  efficient  fixtures,  such  as  low  flow  toilets,   sinks,  and  showers,  provided  in  California  GreenCodes.       Energy  conservation  should  also  be  a  priority.  Many  of  the  measures   used   to   conserve   energy   will   also   help   the   City   meet   the   targeted   reductions  in  the  Greenhouse  Gas  Reduction  Plan.  The  Plan  provides  a   list  of  measures,  such  as  the  installation  of  solar  panels  on  building   rooftops   and   carports,   upgrading   HVAC   units   with   energy   efficient   systems,   and   converting   the   City’s   fleet   of   vehicles   to   alternative   energy  vehicles.  The  City  can  capitalize  on  rebate  programs  and  other   incentives  to  reduce  costs  associated  with  these  programs.       The  City  should  encourage  carpooling  and  bicycling  to  work  for  City   employees,   and   work   with   SunLine   Transit   to   improve   bus   routes.   Incentives  such  as  priority  parking  for  carpools,  or  free  bus  passes  for   transit  travelers  can  change  the  staff’s  behavior  and  help  to  reduce  air   pollution  in  the  City.       LIVABLE  COMMUNITY   II-­‐155   A  Healthy  City     Across   California,   families   are   continuing   to   face   rising   health   care   costs  and  diminished  quality  of  life  associated  with  poor  dietary  habits,   which   have   led   to   health   problems   such   as   obesity   and   increased   diabetes  and  related  illness,  particularly  in  children.  As  a  result  of  these   escalating  costs,  cities  are  beginning  to  understand  their  role  in  helping   promote   healthier   lifestyles   for   their   residents.   There   has   been   a   growing  awareness  that  land  use  policy  and  the  built  environment  are   linked   to   public   health   issues,   and   that   cities   have   the   ability   to   positively  influence  both.       The   effort   centers   on   the   principle   that   cities   can   influence   comprehensive   policy   to   address   improving   the   health   of   their   residents.  The  principles  emphasize  that  a  healthy  city  requires  a  multi-­‐ disciplinary  approach  which  ranges  from  project  design  to  access  to   healthy  food.  The  issues  associated  with  a  healthy  city  are  far  ranging,   and  include:    1. Parks  and  recreation  facilities  in  all  neighborhoods,  accessible  to  all   residents.  2. Quality  housing  for  all  residents,  at  prices  all  income  groups  can   afford.  3. Access  to  allow  all  residents  adequate  medical  services.  4. Access  to  healthy  foods.  5. Jobs  in  reasonable  proximity  to  residents’  homes.  6. Neighborhoods  and  public  places.  7. An  interconnected,  complete  and  varied  transportation  system  that   provides  access  to  transit,  walking  and  bicycling  options.  8. A  healthy  environment  free  of  pollution  or  health  hazards.     Access   to   healthy   foods,   pedestrian   friendly   environments   and   adequate  recreation  are  all  factors  related  to  improving  the  health  of   residents.   For   example,   a   city   can   improve   its   residents’   health   by   encouraging  inter-­‐connected  walking  paths  in  and  through  proposed   projects;   developing   a   community   garden   in   a   city   park;   and   implementing  exercise  classes  at  its  community  center.  Cities  can  also   influence   other   agencies   to   improve   health  –  working   with   school   districts  to  change  lunch  options  in  schools  to  include  more  fresh  fruit   and  vegetables;  or  encouraging  major  employers  to  include  workout   rooms  in  their  buildings.  Of  particular  concern  in  cities  is  the  access  to   fresh   and   healthy   foods   for   poorer   populations.   Reaching   those   economic  segments  through  community  gardens  and  farmers  markets,   as  well  as  school  lunch  programs,  is  critical  to  the  effort.  The  principles   of  a  healthy  city  tie  closely  to  those  of  resource  efficient  development     LIVABLE  COMMUNITY   II-­‐156   and  a  livable  community,  and  should  all  work  together  to  improve  the   quality  of  life  for  all  residents.     On  a  more  local  level,  the  Healthy  Eating  Active  Living  (HEAL)  Cities   Campaign  was  recently  established  to  help  city  officials  adopt  policies   that  promote  healthy  environments  and  physical  activity  within  their   community.   In   2010,   La   Quinta   joined   HEAL,   and   committed   to   promoting   the   Campaign’s   healthy   living   policies.   The   City   has   committed  to  promoting  healthier  food  choices,  providing  adequate   recreation   and   wellness   opportunities,   and   regulating   the   built   environment  to  encourage  physical  activity.  A  number  of  programs  and   activities   can   be   implemented   to   promote   and   expand   the   HEAL   program  in  La  Quinta,  including:      Promoting  farmers’  markets.  Farmers  markets  bring  fresh  fruits,   vegetables,   meats,   and   fresh   baked   goods   directly   to   their   consumers.  The  City  currently  has   a   Farmers   Market   in   Old   Town,   and   should   encourage   others   in   activity  centers  in  other  parts  of   the  City,  to  broaden  their  reach.      Creating   a   community   garden.   Community   gardens   provide   space  in  public  parks  (or  at  the  Civic  Center)  for  residents  to   grow  their  own  fruits  and  vegetables.  They  are  also  great  public   spaces  for  social  interaction  and  learning.    Promoting  recreational  activity.  La  Quinta  provides  numerous   parks,  trails  and  open  spaces  for  residents  to  walk,  play  sports,   and  enjoy  the  outdoors.  The  Fitness  Center  and  Senior  Center   also  provide  a  range  of  options,  both  through  organized  classes   and  individual  exercise.  Pedestrian  connectivity  with  residential   areas  is  vital  for  encouraging  residents  to  use  these  facilities.    Providing   safe   routes   to   school.   The   State’s   Safe   Routes   to   School   Program   provides   funding   for   improvements   which   make  children’s  walk  or  bicycle  ride  to  school  safer.    The  City   has   constructed   several   such   improvements,   and   will   continue   to   apply   for   funding   in   the   future.       LIVABLE  COMMUNITY   II-­‐157   The  City  is  also  implementing  HEAL  with  its  own  staff,  and  has  offered:      Employee  Health  Fairs  and  Health  Education  Information.      Fitness   programs   for   employees   that   may   include   exercise,   physical  activity  through  walking,  and  weight  loss  components.      Daily  15  minute  walking  breaks  in  the  Civic  Center  Campus.    An  Employee  Assistance  Program  for  help  with  addictions,  work   or  relationship  conflicts,  emotional,  legal,  financial  and  health   issues.    Use  of  the  La  Quinta  Fitness  Center.     The   employee   wellness   programs   enacted   by   the   City   can   spread   throughout  the  community.  City  employees  who  participate  in  health   programs  will  be  able  to  share  their  experiences  and  the  benefits  of   healthy  living  with  friends  and  family.       PLANNING  FOR  THE  FUTURE   Expanding  the  City’s  livability  will  be  an  ongoing  challenge  throughout   the  build  out  of  the  City  and  its  Sphere  of  Influence.  It  will  require  a   multi-­‐pronged  approach  which  affects  and  improves  all  components  of   the  community,  existing  and  future.  Implementing  such  principles  in   the   City   will   change   and   improve   its   character,  providing   the   opportunity   to   tie  existing   neighborhoods   to   new   mixed   use   and   commercial  projects.     The  built  environment  has  a  tremendous  effect  on  residents’  health   and  safety,  and  planning  for  and  constructing  a  built  environment  that   encourages  walking,  biking,  and  other  forms  of  activity  is  critical  to   improving  the  quality  of  life  for  everyone  in  La  Quinta.       The   success   of   future   projects   is   entirely   tied   to   their   safety   and   connectivity  –  paths,   trails   and   sidewalks   that   are   unsafe,   do   not   connect  to  interesting  places  or  do  not  connect  at  all  are  of  no  value.   The   City   can   play   an   important   role   in   assessing   the   safety   and   connectivity   of   public   trails   and   sidewalks,   and   including   the   construction  of  missing  or  damaged  sections/connections  in  the  Capital   Improvement  Program.                 LIVABLE  COMMUNITY   II-­‐158   GOALS,  POLICIES  AND  PROGRAMS   GOAL  SC-­‐1     A  community  that  provides  the  best  possible  quality  of  life  for  all  its   residents.     v Policy  SC-­‐1.1     Continue  to  work  with  the  CVWD  on  water  conservation  measures.      Program  SC-­‐1.1.a:  Review  the  Landscape  Ordinance  every  two   years,   and   update   as   necessary   to   maintain   consistency   with   State  and  CVWD  standards.      Program  SC  1.1.b:  Develop  joint  incentive  programs  with  CVWD   for   water   conservation   programs,   including   landscaping   retrofits   for   individual   homes   and   master   planned   projects,   irrigation  improvements  and  indoor  plumbing  fixtures.  Consider   allocating  City  funds  to  these  incentive  programs  on  a  matching   basis  with  CVWD.     v Policy  SC-­‐1.2   Reduce   water   consumption   at   a   minimum   consistent   with   the   Greenhouse  Gas  Reduction  Plan  (also  see  Air  Quality  Element).      Program   SC-­‐1.2.a:  Implement   quantifiable   water   conservation   measures  at  all  City  facilities.      Program   SC-­‐1.2.b:  Consider   financial   incentives   for   new   development  and  existing  homes  and  projects  as  funds  allow.        Program  SC-­‐1.2.c:  Aggressively  pursue  grants  and  other  outside   funding   sources   for   City-­‐funded   and   private   sector   water   conservation  improvements.       v Policy  SC-­‐1.3   Encourage   the   use   of   more   environmentally   friendly   storm   water   management  techniques  such  as  bioswales,  permeable  surfaces  and   other  methods  as  they  are  developed,  in  all  new  development.      Program   SC-­‐1.3.a:  The   Public   Works   Department   shall   prepare   and   distribute   materials   on   environmentally   friendly   storm   water  management  techniques  for  new  development.     LIVABLE  COMMUNITY   II-­‐159     v Policy  SC-­‐1.4   Reduce  Greenhouse  Gas  emissions  at  a  minimum  consistent  with  the   Greenhouse  Gas  Reduction  Plan  (also  see  Air  Quality  Element)..      Program   SC-­‐1.4.a:  Require   all   new   development   proposals   to   demonstrate  consistency  with  the  Greenhouse  Gas  Reduction   Plan.      Program  SC-­‐1.4.b:  Revise  the  Transportation  Demand  Ordinance   to  current  standards,  and  implement  it  with  all  new  qualifying   projects.      Program   SC-­‐1.4.c:  Develop   programs   to   encourage   and   incentivize   the   installation   of   energy   efficient   appliances   and   fixtures,   green   roofs,   white   roofs   and   solar   panels   on   residential,  commercial,  institutional  and  resort  buildings.     v Policy  SC-­‐1.5   All   new   development   shall   include  resource   efficient  development   principles.      Program  SC-­‐1.5.a:  All  new  development  shall  be  constructed  to   meet  or  exceed  CalGreen  Building  Codes.      Program   SC-­‐1.5.b:  Amend   the   Zoning   Ordinance   to   provide   incentives  and   development   standard   concessions   for   mixed   use  or  energy  efficient  design.      Program   SC-­‐1.5.c:  New   development   projects   shall   include   vehicular,  pedestrian  and  bicycle  connections  to  the  greatest   extent   possible,   both   through   the   project   and   connecting   to   adjacent  projects.      Program  SC-­‐1.5.d:  New  commercial  and  mixed  use  projects  shall   incorporate   useable   public   spaces,   and   interconnect   those   public   spaces   consistent   with  resource   efficient  design   principles.       LIVABLE  COMMUNITY   II-­‐160   v Policy  SC-­‐1.6   Expand  the  City’s  alternative  transportation  network.      Program  SC-­‐1.6.a:  Assess  the  current  gaps  in  the  City’s  multi-­‐use   path  and   sidewalk   system,   and   program   improvements   to   connect  those  gaps  into  the  Capital  Improvement  Program.      Program   SC-­‐1.6.b:  Encourage   existing   walled   communities   to   include  pedestrian  gates  and  paths  to  adjacent  development  to   improve  connectivity.      Program  SC-­‐1.6.c:  Expand  the  Golf  Cart  Routes  to  interconnect   throughout  the  City  to  the  greatest  extent  possible.      Program  SC-­‐1.6.d:  Work  with  SunLine  Transit  Agency  to  expand   service  into  La  Quinta  neighborhoods  ahead  of  demand.     v Policy  SC-­‐1.7   Encourage   the   retrofitting   of   existing   buildings   and   projects   with   resource  efficient  design  principles  to  the  greatest  extent  possible.      Program   SC-­‐1.7.a:  Amend   the   Zoning   Ordinance   to   provide   incentives  for  the  redevelopment  of  existing  projects  to  include   residential   development,   pedestrian   and   alternative   transportation   connections   and   improvements,   and   other   design  features.      Program   SC-­‐1.7.b:  Develop  an   enhanced  program   for   the   processing  of  entitlements  for  redevelopment  projects  which   incorporates  substantial  resource   efficient  components,   or   propose  conversion  to  mixed  use.      Program   SC-­‐1.7.c:  Develop   a   financial   incentive   program   for   creative  redevelopment  of  commercial  projects  into  mixed  use   projects,   particularly   those   that   provide   added   economic   development  benefit  to  the  City.     v Policy  SC-­‐1.8   Expand  the  City’s  participation  in  Healthy  City  programs.      Program  SC-­‐1.8.a:  Implement  Healthy  City  principles  throughout   the  community,  to  the  greatest  extent  feasible.       LIVABLE  COMMUNITY   II-­‐161    Program  SC-­‐1.8.b:  Coordinate  park  and  trail  improvement  plans   to  assure  connectivity  between  parks  and  the  neighborhoods   they  serve.      Program   SC-­‐1.8.c:  Encourage  farmers’   markets   outside   the   Village,  accessible  to  all  parts  of  the  City.      Program   SC-­‐1.8.d:  Plan   and   implement   a   community   garden   project  at  the  Civic  Center.  Monitor  its  success,  and  implement   at  other  City  parks  if  successful.      Program  SC-­‐1.8.e:  Work  with  Desert  Sands  and  Coachella  Valley   School  Districts  to  improve  food  selection  in  lunch  programs,   exercise  programs,  and  Safe  Routes  to  School  programs.     RELATED  GOALS   As  described  above,  this  Element  relates  to  others  in  this  General  Plan.   The  following  Goals,  and  their  associated  policies  and  programs,  are     closely  related  to  those  of  this  Element.     GOAL  LU-­‐2:  High  quality  design  that  complements  and  enhances  the   City.     GOAL  LU-­‐3:  Safe  and  identifiable  neighborhoods  that  provide  a  sense   of  place.     GOAL  ED-­‐3:  Innovative  land  uses  in  the  Village  and  on  Highway  111.     GOAL  CIR-­‐2:  A   circulation   system   that   includes   connected   transit,   alternative  vehicle,  bicycle  and  pedestrian  networks.     GOAL  PR-­‐1:  A  comprehensive  system  of  parks,  and  recreation  facilities   and  services  that  meet  the  active  and  passive  needs  of  all  residents  and   visitors.     GOAL  AQ-­‐1:  A  reduction  in  all  air  emissions  generated  within  the  City.     GOAL   WR-­‐1:  The   efficient   use   and   conservation   of   the   City’s   water   resources.