Loading...
27728 Geotech Report - the QuarryGEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING REPORT ADDENDUM THE QUARRY AT LA QUINTA LA QUINTA, CALIFORNIA PREPARED FOR WINCHESTER INLAND B7 -1405-P2 FEBRUARY 18, 1993 EARTH SYSTEMS CONSULTANTS 0-* Earth Systems Consultants 1111n- �■'�► Southern California February 18, 1993 Winchester Inland 41-865 Boardwalk, Suite 101 Palm Desert, California 92260 Buena Engineers Division 79-811 B Country Club Drive Bermuda Dunes, CA 92201 (619) 345-1588 (619) 328-9131 FAX (619) 345-7315 B7 -1405-P2 93-02-724 Attention: Craig Bryant Project: The Quarry at La Quinta La Quinta, California Subject: Geotechnical Engineering Report Addendum Ref: Geotechnical Engineering Report by Buena Engineers, Inc. dated November 2,1989; Report No. 89-10-831 Presented herewith is our Geotechnical Engineering Report Addendum prepared for the proposed residential development and golf course to be located in the City of La Quinta, California. This report incorporates the tentative information supplied to our office and in accordance with the request, recommendations for general site development and foundation design are provided. This report was prepared to stand as a whole, and no part of the report should be excerpted or used to exclusion of any other part. This report completes our scope of services in accordance with our agreement. Other services which may be required, such as plan review and grading observation are additional services and will be billed according to the Fee Schedule in effect at the time services are provided. Please contact the undersigned if there are any questions concerning this report or the recommendations included herein. Respectfully submitted, EARTH SYSTEMS CONSULTANTS Reviewed and Approved, Hogan R. Wright Staff Engineer pc/SER Copies: Re 6 - Winchester In TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION..........................................................................................................1 PURPOSE AND SCOPE OF WORK........................................................................1 SITE DESCRIPTION.....................................................................................................2 FIELD EXPLORATION..................................................................................................2 LABORATORY TESTING..............................................................................................3 SOILCONDITIONS.....................................................................................................4 GROUNDWATER'............'............ .... ROUNDWATER:.......................................................................................................4 REGIONALGEOLOGY..............................................................................................4 LOCALGEOLOGY.....................................................................................................4 GEOLOGIC HAZARDS...............................................................................................5 Primary.................................................................................................................5 Secondary......................................................................................................... 6 Non -Seismic ....................................................................................................... 6 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS.....................................................7 SITE DEVELOPMENT AND GRADING.....................................................................8 Site Development - Grading.......................................................................8 Site Development - General.......................................................................9 Excavations......................................................................................................10 TrafficAreas.......................................................................................................11 UtilityTrenches.................................................................................................. l l STRUCTURES..............................................................................................................12 Foundations.....................................................................................................12 Slabson Grade..............................................................................................13 Settlement Considerations..........................................................................14 Frictional and Lateral Coefficients............................................................14 RetainingWalls................................................................................................15 SlopeStability..................................................................................................15 Expansion.........................................................................................................15 Additional Services........................................................................................16 LIMITATIONS AND UNIFORMITY OF CONDITIONS...........................................16 REFERENCES.............................................................. ............................................... 18 APPENDIX A Site and Vicinity Map Logs of Borings APPENDIX B Summary of Test Results Table 2 APPENDIX C Standard Grading Specifications EARTH SYSTEMS CONSULTANTS February 18, 1993 -1- B7 -1405-P2 93-02-724 This Geotechnical Engineering Report Addendum has been prepared for the proposed residential development and golf course to be located in the City of La Quinta, California. A It is assumed that the structures will be of lightweight one or two story wood frame construction and will be supported by normal continuous or pad footings. B. Structural considerations for building column loads of up to 30 kips and a maximum wall loading of 2.0 kips per linear foot were used as a basis for recommendations related to the construction of the proposed residential structures. C. These values are assumed since specific loading information is not available at this time. If design loading is to exceed these assumed values, it may be necessary to reevaluate the given recommendations. D. All loading is assumed to be dead plus reasonable live load. E. It is likely that a clubhouse and maintenance facilities will also be constructed. Recommendations can be provided once specific design criteria and locations are known. PURPOU AND PE OF WORK The purpose of our services was to evaluate the site soil conditions, and to provide conclusions and recommendations relative to the site and the proposed development. The scope of work includes the following: A A general reconnaissance of the site. B. Shallow subsurface exploration by drilling. C. Laboratory testing of selected soil samples obtained from the exploratory borings drilled for this project. D. Review of selected technical literature pertaining to the site and the referenced Geotechnical Engineering Report. E. Evaluation of field and laboratory data relative to soil conditions. F. Engineering analysis of the data obtained from the exploration and testing programs. G. A summary of our findings and recommendations in written report. EARTH SYSTEMS CONSULTANTS February 18, 1993 -2- B7 -1405-P2 93-02-724 Contained In This Report Are: A Discussions on regional and local geologic and soil conditions. B. Graphic and/or tabulated results of laboratory tests and field studies. C. Discussions and recommendations relative to allowable foundation bearing capacity, recommendations for foundation design, estimated total and differential settlements, lateral earth pressures, site grading criteria, geologic and seismic hazards. Not Contained In This Report: A Our scope of services did not include any environmental assessment or investigation to determine the presence of hazardous or toxic materials in the soil, surface water, groundwater or air, on, below or around this site. The site is located south and west of Lake Cahuilla on the west end of Avenue 58 in the City of La Quinta, California. A The project now includes property directly east and to the northwest of the original site which is addressed in the referenced report. B. The property to the east is the site of the previous Riverside County aggregate pit. The pit area has been excavated to depths in excess of fifty feet and there are stock piled material, asphalt and paved areas in some locations on the site. C. The property to the northwest appears to be in a basically native state. The property is situated on an alluvial fan complex originating from the adjacent Santa Rosa Mountains which also occupy portions of the site. D. The surface of the native areas is covered with scattered brush, weeds and abundant cobbles and boulders. There are several natural drainage coarses of varying sizes intersecting the site. FIELD EXPLORATION Exploratory borings were drilled for observing the soil profile and obtaining samples for further analysis. A Ten (10) additional borings were excavated in the areas east and northwest of the previously investigated site. For soil profiling and sampling to a maximum depth of sixteen (16) feet below the existing ground surface. The borings were excavated on February 1 EARTH SYSTEMS CONSULTANTS February 18, 1993 -3- 137-1405-P2 93-02-724 and 2, 1993, using an eight (8) inch diameter hollow -stem augers powered by a CME 45B drilling rig. The approximate boring locations as indicated on the attached plan in Appendix A, were determined by pacing and sighting from existing streets. The boring locations should be considered accurate only to the degree implied by the method used. B. Samples were secured within the borings with a two and one-half (2.5) inch inside diameter ring sampler (ASTM D 3550, shoe similar to ASTM D 1586). The samples were obtained by driving the sampler with a one hundred forty (140) pound hammer, dropping thirty (30) inches. The number of blows required to drive the sampler one foot was recorded. Recovered soil samples were sealed in containers and returned to the laboratory for further classification and testing. C. Bulk disturbed samples of the soils were obtained from cuttings developed during excavation of the test borings. The bulk samples were secured for classification purposes and represent a mixture of soils within the noted depths. D. The final logs represent our interpretation of the contents of the field logs, and the results of the laboratory observations and tests of the field samples. The final logs are included in the appendix A of this report. The stratification lines represent the approximate boundaries between soil types although the transitions may be gradual. After a visual and tactile classification in the field, samples were returned to the laboratory, classifications were checked, and a testing program was established. A Samples were reviewed along with field logs to determine which would be further analyzed. Those chosen were considered as representative of soil which would be exposed and/or used in grading and those deemed within building influence. B. In situ moisture content and unit dry weights for the core samples were developed in accordance with ASTM D 2937. C. The relative strength characteristics of the subsurface soils were determined from the results of direct shear tests. Specimens were placed in contact with water at least twenty-four (24) hours before testing, and were then sheared under normal loads ranging from 0.5 to 2,0 kips per square foot in general accordance with ASTM D 3080. D. Classification tests consisted of: Expansion Index (UBC Standard No. 29-2), Maximum Density -Optimum Moisture (ASTM D 1557) and Hydrometer Analysis (California Test Method 203). EARTH SYSTEMS CONSULTANTS February 18, 1993 -4- B7 -1405-P2 93-02-724 E. Refer to Appendix B for tabular and graphic representation of the test results. As determined by the borings, site soils were found to consist primarily of very fine to fine windblown sands. The boring logs in Appendix A contain a more detailed description of the soils encountered. A The soils were found to be fairly firm with the majority of the ring samples indicating relative compaction near or above ninety (90) percent of maximum density. B. The soils were found to be very dry throughout. C. Clay and silt contents of the soils exhibit low plasticity. Expansion tests indicate soils to be in the "very low" expansion category in accordance with Table 2 in Appendix B of this report. Refer to section G of the structures section for specific explanations and requirements dealing with expansive soil. D. Soils should be readily cut by normal grading equipment. E. As expected the site soil conditions were found to be very similar to those encountered in our previous borings. GROUNDWATER Free groundwater was not encountered in any of the borings. The depth to groundwater in the area is generally in excess of one hundred (100) feet. Fluctuations in groundwater levels may occur due to variations in rainfall, temperature and other factors. Groundwater should not be a factor in design or construction. REGIONAL GEOLOGY The project site is located in the western Coachella Valley near the base of the Santa Rosa Mountains. The Coachella Valley is part of the tectonically active Salton Basin which is a closed, internally draining trough that has been filled with a complex series of continental clastic materials during Pleistocene and Holocene time (Van de Camp, 1973). The San Andreas rift zone dominates the geology of the Coachella Valley. The Banning and Mission Creek faults, which are parts of the San Andreas system are responsible for earthquakes recently felt in the Coachella Valley. Other regional faults that have produced events felt in the Coachella Valley are the San Jacinto, Imperial and Elsinore faults (see figures 1 & 2). EARTH SYSTEMS CONSULTANTS SK-*oc ��rrr l \ • rxOtl a � 1 _ , or,r 7t y � r•' 1 , n ae"Y 36• X + �y 7a�ete s ch', o L Tr �c 5Gwctes9 ( \ !k bo ►!r TGrI \y\STrnvcb � ? S Eo•s�ar t 'L' Lon.es+rr t.,yey S .STA rhE '-rvo -e Srs+7a Rasa � Ciro r Ven?✓c I t :ya e:ti Sen Serrrroro T ?p" �'` - + Prrw�n + 14 Smso Rose ti\� 5an7o C,wz it. R -•T>, py.n `r�Dy 6esrn L oris E .rs P06 9 Crnsr SITE Cai�r.W� dpi ���� £fc: 3•]e to i { A$1 � } Bro.lrr - 127• 120• EI Ce -re ; r Son Dago Fa 1 32• T + i } ,.p•' EnStnOGe w 1 �t 0 f f76' n7• u6• c5• Base T::ap of southern California region Lith :ajor faults Fault Nap of Southern California Figure r'1 BUENA ENGINEERS, INC. * r�rorR rontj ST)1e C Nileman et- al (1973) , DAT E: Z' i8-93 FILE NO:Pj7-l4aspZ I 142716} l° ^is,, Opo '\\ 1 \\ Lone Pine \ \ ° Tulare l �. 1 !S46 i6.'31 I °Chino Lcka \ a1952fi(e7.l7d�1,°J6 �.4 6t!�✓ °Sonic !✓, i ojcve _ _�Garmon --"—sonICe o bar- a \ 19 41(6.0) 1925 (63) 1971 (6,4 N Pc lm dale 1947(6.2) .`y °BCrslow on 19 2 3 W/4 7! oe °Baker 32(7. `. \ I 198 5.9) no 19926. 1946 (6.5) ,. S°n Anare as T�t• 1933 (6.') fp �'�J 1968 (6.4) SOrrFrc 1942 (6.5) 1915 (61/4. 6 '/a a SonGiego 0 /00 Miles o 100 200, /frrs. Earth Quakes of magnitude 5.9 and greater in the Southern California P.egion,_1912 — 1972 (including the North Palm Springs Earthquake)_ From Hileman et al (1973) SITE 9rcwley I I940i67) l�exiccli Yumo 1934 MCO) 1934(7.1193EnsenGt 1956(6.6,6.,.3,6.4 { !M1 1940(6.0) I954(6.3,fi.0) � 1966(6.3 Seismic Epicenter Map of Southern California Figure 2 Buena Engineers, Inc. DATE: Z — / 8 - 93 1 FILE NO.:B7- AD,5 9l February 18, 1993 -5- 137-1405-P2 93-02-724 Based upon the historical and prehistoric record, the Coachella Valley segment of the San Andreas fault system is likely to generate a magnitude seven (7.0) or greater earthquake within the next fifty (50) years. The potential for a magnitude seven (7.0) earthquake within the next fifty (50) years is estimated by Seih (1985) as "High" (50%-90%). The San Jacinto fault is considered the most active fault in Southern California. It has produced four (4) magnitude six (6.0) earthquakes in the past eighty-eight years. Therefore, we have selected the San Andreas and San Jacinto faults as the design faults for this particular project. LOCAL GEOLOGY Site development is proposed in the alluvial fan area in and around the foothill area of the property. Lithologic units observed on-site consist of Mesozoic Granitic rocks, in the hill areas and Quaternary Alluvium throughout the site. A Descriptive Geology: On-site lithologic units are described as follows: 1. Mesozoic Granitics -ar Orange brown to gray brown, coarse grained, ranging In composition from granite to diorite. Some areas exhibit a gneissic texture that has been intruded by thin (3-6") non-mafic dikes. Outcrops are highly weathered, with the gneissic texture striking generally in a northerly direction and dip slightly (less than 150) to the northwest. 2. Quarternary Alluvium -Qa Orange brown to gray -brown, unconsolidated sand, silt and gravels deposited by fluvial process. These deposits are, generally, slightly consolidated to loose, slightly silty fine to coarse sand with gravel and cobbles to twelve (12) inches. B. Structural Geoloav: The subject property is located at the base of the Santa Rosa Mountains. This portion of -the mountains is the result of granitic intrusions that have undergone subsequent periods of deformation and metamorphism. Deformation of the granitic rocks found on-site has imparted a gneissic texture observed in some local outcrops. As stated previously, the gneissic texture strikes generally in a northern direction and dips gently to the northwest. Jointing is randomly oriented, dipping near vertical. EARTH SYSTEMS CONSULTANTS February 18, 1993 -6- B7 -1405-P2 93-02-724 No active or potentially active faults are mapped in or around the site. The San Andreas Fault Zone is the closest active fault to the project and is located approximately nine and nine -tenths (9.9) of a mile to the northeast. Figure 3 shows the project site in relation to local geologic features. � 0 • e]LOA0I%ula aq A Prim ry Seismic Hazards: Primary seismic geologic hazards that may affect any property in the seismically active southern California region include ground rupture and strong ground motion. 1. Fault Rupture: a. The project site is not located in any Alquist-Priolo Special Study Zones. Nor are any active faults mapped through or adjacent to the project area. At the time of drilling, no surface expression of faulting was observed. b. Some features that could be interpreted as faults were observed in the rock outcrops on-site. However, these fault features are associated with the metamorphic deformation of the granitic rocks during Mesozoic times. In other words, the features are too old to be considered as active faults and, thus, do not pose a hazard to development. c. Fault rupture would most likely occur along previously established traces. However, fault rupture may occur at other locations not previously mapped. 2. Ground Shaking: a. Strong ground motion is the seismic hazard most likely to affect the site during the life of any intended structures. Using methods developed by Seed Idriss (1982) and modified by Krinitsky, the following table was compiled for anticipated accelerations which may be experienced during an earthquake at the project site. TABLE 1 * Richter Magnitude, Maximum Probable ** Ploessel & Slosson (1974) EARTH SYSTEMS CONSULTANTS Estimated Estimated Approximate Design` Maximum Repeatable Distance to Fault Earthquake ArrQe1erQiiQn Acceler to ions" Prefect Site San Andreas 7.5 .43g .28g 9.9 mi. San Jacinto 6.5 .23g .159 13.0 mi. * Richter Magnitude, Maximum Probable ** Ploessel & Slosson (1974) EARTH SYSTEMS CONSULTANTS er �4c [ Sy� �� r 6 ti , •:-• 1,; tier°" 4a�•:� =b� +ee; e�S - r- �.rc.t�'t�',-'.-j ■ \ i� � sr��yc-' i•IVF��',Pu;I{•.�t L , ~, I._. ��•"•\� � 4q• ~`�`~•yr•CL{`` i -�"?L V _ •� • I �I�.c� �DGL }��� "•%��p y �•�y[ ' 1 -•�. -S•S• .H. .�nrli `•t l.r•�Qr_.•t� �'� f' Cj`�':ta -=. .. r}r'..' ~•�`r•�p�s,••• �i �r '. fir••, _,''tib-s+�-e• AC("i .rir.V::l x r- •. t•. �.' 1 t{.r�+�r+� .•�.. .�_ c� 0.:�'-'"E L�,r..�i',I.f r•• �•- _ •.�-_�.�`s_� _ - I�.S�I;� + �\ ` •may i•' ri,. LAky.r �• .0 'y: c lJ. rLc = .] 'r=p" �.Y~C €' c= ., fir: tis• s. ��' ! , �yi - "� �:, - `ter : r o ,t � rte'• .�-- € '--�•r- �- _-�?, �'���j'r GJ...-�. ��'� �:•�'�:�r�'~� �n3 t 46 r • r�r~ ••.ire-.�T. Cs r � - T xrr• L � : LL�� r�� ' � 4•r= _ 4: r7�3'r 1, ` po .:.., �_•!) �r 1 :til;_ _ •i: _u 119' diG.�y�.h.0�� �' � � �ri�,�j�• r• .,.=� � � r.�,-. r � • tir_ icy _ ri£�.f._- +,c o ., r tsiy '�"�"x : r •YJ'; .7. Y . '{r • CF^JiY :r. �...r- ,i ntL •Zy' ->,. ��ro- .•f : ��t� r' Lol '^y i.. tV" yAHUI R V �. 1+ 1 :.a �� ! �}ir• r:., -{ ^: r •r': 3 :. \ j�zTir\nw ticY� � r' 9`•v ''cr. r-jrE . •?•- �: s 7— ,Fl1.t �..�:�� - t E• ,•'ir .,;1Y`",r�tii �,T�y.o`•' r.r �ti :i ' +.� .Fr•i C7, ;� I Cta ale I i I •+ 1 +- �/�✓+' --'ty,T".'.•.,t k. '� 1 •� �� 11dL�1J 1,��j.+Ni4Y;r^ I ` % � r• 1'• Cm ,•�.r `' :'� ~^'� Goy ,•4 ,�. -Q i•r I Ip ..t t - yL•5 V I II: Qj;ss j���' 'Sr 1. :�^t�r.'� ...y %ti7?.f. •. .:.Qr•g' � •'-� � � .''i� " �A' �•,l I �7I� _ [ - "� �i � Hrl.i � ���~.i-... .I '7f f'_ !.' �! ".w - _� 4r;';}r• �! • _ _ �� ',.-r_ �.. .N •"�i"'�+' - n1F ❑ ELFN AN nTl:a MEICGIS1� _A•. i �•• •- Y C � •er t ` r •t I i! ' er.�iJv;�'ar:1. - r'�•-•�;.,:-•.� r^: s ti' � emei�•n. ! �. � C: Ccl e - 1 � � � �� t ''-,��t- \'• CALCvIF[ us a AeS(-pis :r mit,. �'�3ti, �'' mr r .- -• f:; `^'f. :• w- !Y�r I ''i� .J--i�ci� s P;� tie i•'� l P.O. 2 ��. �'y,•.:iFr•"re-��r.�y,s i^h�=���/'•v.. •'Scirn • •rte _ �. JN TiIN, •}xc i'r3 •. •:'�:y �' - -'f `--':``• r INDl4N 1. 'l-, t _ - arm ..ti:'j '+1 - t FLS�Rv 10 IN x•': r +• '.�-����i'j 4 �: ti ;��• ri `tir L•r"'� �ti�.� ~',. �l• gr k.:::•.c '_Scale 1:250, s;•4?�� 3�����ti'S.tir''��.a. N:.�-t•.�.��•: �tt• ,`'cam y. ;1c1 �' i�� y- a. :�'1�'T{. S 131x. ;:..•:'_ . �.`,,•�. �'v;� J!r= .r,.,_ ' _ - ^ - - .•~-•= - �r T �t ��J �.' .. � '~' • fes:. - — �.. Lf�7r r"o •'_ 39�\ Imo- ..>>.�' Ny i.:'..iClif�t4 L�F'tiI•rl • i -- 1a. ;.•yrc .v. til- . �:� Eit'1 ---;^ :'" m . �;- .. - ; _ - i }•- �"'µ ."v .�}?L •• p+ ± .,• c, c C7! �� �f-_.:_'ILJr T� '.•-- . :N. �..CI �1' L0 • e 01 -.?0! -s`�•�f�r�'ti f'i'•��. L��R - �• zc _ _ .(. tyiL I♦ [ALGAE EOIS i #��t r�y.x�.•ter:-F ri, i7 r •- :r `S PC r �` ;�c�. : L .�c Er 7s� i . fE• - •4 i�: �s•�f—wT� M1�Ii •~ - f �� .-():.', r ,•�j}' ` l EErL CY- --Fi(ia1�p .�'. .S _ i �' .' j. 1 ANr_ IEn'T r. � ',�� •. •`•1j: - 9''+• '� '�r,.,. _�Y s' SN OFF Llxt:' � ,i. ,•/ Gt?•• �c f:; , g.. � I �fl ' CC..�.�?. i3' `'st r -� �:��( .,.„aa 'Q �' .��'`m n �:. .ter "'�:•. ,.-... ,. . f. -.� �•� AP CF FP,OJE'" I S1 i S E L A IDN; •. r TD LCC!.L C E 0 L Cr,Y S ,NTA it. !;A VAP SF,EET (19 5i ����,'�•':- .,err. ;:; _ --�' ..•u-_•-� __ '.,� -_ •� Ficure 3 Buena Engineers, Inc. �y ;•v.�•t'U' �: R'i:: is �. .C�,QF(�!OL'I�:�•t�' - ' ;-,=• =•- �'i�` DATE: P- {$-93 FILE NO:N-)4&5-P2 February 18, 1993 -7- B7 -1405-P2 93-02-724 b. Groundshaking characteristics will vary from low frequency with high amplitudes in the alluvial soils to high frequency low amplitudes in the rock areas of the site. Duration of shaking could be from fifteen (15) to thirty-five (35) seconds. The site is mapped in Riverside County Ground Shaking Zone IIIA, and 1116. Both Ground Shaking Zones are based on distance from caustive faults and soil types. B. Secondory_Seismic Hazards: Secondary seismic geologic hazards that may affect the project site area include settlement, liquefaction, seismicity -induced slope failure and ground lurching. a. Settlement, whether seismically related or not, is considered a potential hazard in this area. Historic records report significant episodes of subsidence in the nearby La Quinta area due to seismic forces and/or heavy rain fall and flooding. b. Liquefaction is the loss of soil strength as a result of an increase in pore water pressure due to cyclic seismic loading. Conditions for liquefaction include relatively high water table (within 40' of surface), low relative densities of the saturated soils and susceptibility of the soil to liquefy based on grain size. Our research indicates water is at depths greater than one hundred (100) feet below the surface. Also, the project is not located in the Riverside County Liquefaction Study Zone. c. The quarry area of the project has been excavated revealing 40; to 50' cut slopes. The stability of these slopes may be effected by seismic events on nearby faults. d. The rock slopes around the project are littered with loose cobbles and boulders imbedded in thin surficial soils. Development adjacent to the rock slopes could be impacted by downslope movement of said rocks. In addition, grading may disturb or expose more cobbles and boulders, thus, increasing the potential hazard of downslope rock movement. e. Ground lurching is generally associated with fault rupture. Because of the sites distance from any known "active" faults, the possibility of ground lurching affecting the site is considered low. EARTH SYSTEMS CONSULTANTS February 18, 1993 -8- B7 -1405-P2 93-02-724 C. N!2n-Seismic Hazards: Other geologic hazards that could affect the project site include landslides, flooding and erosion. a. No evidence of past landsliding was observed at the site nor are any known landslides mapped in or around the project site. The subject property is composed of moderately to steeply sloping rock slopes that lead to coalescing alluvial fans. b. Flooding and erosion are always a consideration in arid regions. On-site, the erosion rate is affected by the active uplift of regional faults, relatively soft rock units, sparse vegetation and seasonal rains. c. The Coachella Valley averages four (4) inches of rain per year. When large amounts of rain occur suddenly, the surface alluvium becomes saturated and prevents further infiltration of the rains. The result is surface runoff and sheet flow drainage on slopes toward gullies and washes. In addition, desert pavement (a process where a crust is formed on the alluvial surface) adds to the "sealing" off of the alluvium surface, thus increasing runoff. d. Generally, erosion in the desert can be reduced by minimizing soil disturbances and diverting seasonal runoff from areas of high potential erosion. On-site erosion may be reduced by diverting runoff from the hill area and the large drainages to the north of the project. CONCLUSIONS -AND RECOMMENDATIONS The following is a summary of our conclusions and professional opinions based on the data obtained from a review of the referenced report and the additional site investigation. A The primary geologic hazard relative to site development is severe ground shaking from earthquakes originating on nearby faults. The site is located in Southern California which is an active seismic area. In our opinion, a major seismic event originating on the. San Andreas fault zone would be the most likely cause of significant earthquake activity at the site within the estimated design life of the proposed development. B. Settlement due to seismic factors or flooding is a potential hazard in the Coachella Valley area. Adherence to the following grading recommendations should limit potential settlement problems due to seismic forces, heavy rainfall, flooding and the weight of the intended structures. EARTH SYSTEMS CONSULTANTS February 18, 1993 -9- B7 -1405-P2 93-02-724 C. Areas of alluvial soils may be susceptible to erosion. Preventative measures to minimize seasonal flooding and erosion should be incorporated into site grading plans. D. Onsite cut slopes may be effected by seismic events. More detailed analysis of present cut slope conditions as they impact the site will be necessary once more details of the planned development are known. E. Other hazards including ground rupture, liquefaction, lurching, landslides, tsunamis, subsidence and seiches are considered negligible. F. The project site is in seismic Zone 4 as defined in Section 2312 (d) 2. of the Uniform Building Code. It is recommended that any permanent structure constructed on the site be designed by a qualified professional who is aware of the project's seismic setting. G. It is our opinion that the upper native soil will not provide uniform support for the proposed structure without the recommended sitework. To decrease the potential for consolidation and to provide a more uniform and firm bearing support for the proposed structures, we recommend constructing recompacted soil mats beneath all foundations and slabs -on -grade. H. It is recommended that Earth Systems Consultants be retained to provide Geotechnical Engineering services during project design, site development, excavation, grading, and foundation construction phases of the work. This is to observe compliance with the design concepts, specifications and recommendations, and to allow design changes in the event that subsurface conditions differ from those anticipated prior to the start of construction. Plans and specifications should be provided to Earth Systems Consultants prior to grading. Plans should include the grading plans, foundation plans, and foundation details. Preferably, structural loads should be shown on the foundation plans. SITE DEVELOPMENT AND GRADING Prior to any construction operations, areas to be graded should be cleaned of vegetation and other deleterious materials. Appendix C, "Standard Grading Specifications" contains specific suggestions for removal and disposal of deleterious substances and, as such, forms a part of these Site Development and Grading Recommendations. EARTH SYSTEMS CONSULTANTS February 18, 1993 -10- B7 -1405-P2 93-02-724 A. Site Develo,.pment - Grading Site grading and the bottom of all excavations should be observed by a representative of Earth Systems Consultants prior to placement of fill. Local variations in soil conditions may warrant increasing the depth of recompaction and/or overexcavation. Prior to site grading any existing stumps, roots, foundations, pavements, leachfields, uncompacted fill, trash piles and any abandoned underground utilities should be removed from the proposed building and paving areas. The top surface should be stripped of all organic growth and non -complying fill which, along with other debris, should be removed from the site. 2. Depressions resulting from these removals should have debris and loose soil removed and be filled with suitable fill soils compacted as recommended herein. No compacted fill should be placed unless the underlying soil has been observed by Earth Systems Consultants 3. In order to help minimize potential settlement problems associated with structures supported on a non-uniform thickness of compacted fill, Earth Systems Consultants should be consulted for site grading recommendations relative to backfilling large and/or deep depressions resulting from removal under item one above. In general, all proposed construction should be supported by a uniform thickness of compacted soil. 4. Due to the granular nature of the site soils, it is expected that compaction may be obtained to a depth of three (3) or four (4) feet by heavily watering and compacting from the surface. If the recommended depth of compaction cannot be obtained as suggested, some overexcavation may be necessary. 5. In general, building areas should be heavily watered so that near optimum moisture is obtained to a depth of three (3) feet below original grade or three (3) feet below the bottom of the footings whichever is deeper. The exposed surface should be compacted with heavy equipment so that a minimum of ninety (90) percent of maximum density is obtained to a depth of two (2) feet below original grade or two (2) feet below bottom of the footings. Fill material should then be placed in thin layers at near optimum moisture and compacted to a minimum of ninety (90) percent of maximum density. The intent is to have at least two (2) feet of soil compacted to a minimum of ninety (90) percent of maximum density compose the building pad beneath the footings. Compaction is to be confirmed by testing. EARTH SYSTEMS CONSULTANTS February 18, 1993 -11- B7 -1405-P2 93-02-724 6. These grading recommendations apply to building areas and to areas at least five (5) feet beyond building limits. 7. Auxiliary structures including freestanding or retaining walls should have the existing soils beneath the structure processed as per items five and six above. The grading recommendations apply to three (3) feet beyond the footings. If plans for auxiliary structures and walls are provided for our review, these recommendations may be revised. 8. It is anticipated that during grading a loss of approximately one tenth (.1) of a foot may occur due to stripping (this loss can be minimized with selective and careful clearing). A shrinkage factor of about fifteen (15) percent for the upper three (3) feet of soil, should be used for quantity calculations. This is based on compactive effort needed to produce an average degree of compaction of approximately ninety-three (93) to ninety-four (94) percent and will vary depending on contractor methods. Subsidence is estimated between one-tenth (.1) and two- tenths (.2) of a foot. The potential losses due to oversize material cannot be estimated until grading commences, but could be significant. B. bite Development - General The following general recommendations listed in this section are in addition to those listed in the 'Grading' Section A above. 2. All rocks larger than eight (8) inches in greatest dimension should be removed from fill or backfill material. 3. Import soil used to raise site grades should be equal to or better than on-site soil in strength, expansion, and compressibility characteristics. Import soil will not be prequalified by Earth Systems Consultants Comments on the characteristics of import will be given after the material is on the project, either in-place or in stockpiles of adequate quantity to complete the project. A Areas around the structures should be graded so that drainage is positive and away from the structures. Gutters and down spouts should be considered as a way to convey water out of the foundation area. Water should not be allowed to pond on or near pavement sections. 5. Added moisture within previously compacted fill could result in a number of reactions at the surface depending upon the amount of moisture increase, the in-place density of the soil, in- situ moisture content and soil type. Although the soil could in reality be expanding, collapsing, moving laterally due to the EARTH SYSTEMS CONSULTANTS February 18, 1993 -12- B7 -1405-P2 93-02-724 phenomenon "creep", the result is usually movement and will most likely manifest itself visually in structural slabs and street areas as cracks, (horizontal, lateral or vertical displacement). 6. The apparent cure to the problem is to not introduce excess moisture into fill material once in place. To help minimize increased moisture into the fill material, site drainage and landscape is critical. Site drainage should be in the form of roof gutter, concrete brow ditcher, ribbon gutters and gutters, storm drain and other drainage devices. Landscaping should be such that water is not allowed to pond. Additionally, care should be taken so as not to over water landscaped areas. 7. The Recommended Grading Specifications included in Appendix C are general guidelines only and should not be included directly into project specifications without first incorporating the site specific recommendations contained in the Site Development - Grading section of this report. Chapter 70 of the Uniform Building Code contains specific considerations for grading and is considered a part of the general guidelines. C. Excavations All excavations should be made in accordance with applicable regulations. From our site exploration and knowledge of the general area, we feel there is a potential for construction problems involving caving of relatively deep site excavations (i.e. utilities, etc.). Where such situations are encountered, lateral bracing or appropriate cut slopes should be provided. 2. No surcharge loads should be allowed within a horizontal distance measured from the top of the excavation slope, equal to the depth of the excavation. D. Traffic Areas Curbs sidewalks and streets should be provided with one (1) foot of subgrade compacted to ninety (90) percent of maximum density. 2. On-site parking should be provided with one (1) foot of subgrade compacted to ninety (90) percent of maximum density. 3. The surface soil was previously sampled and tested for R -Value per California Test Method 301. Testing resulted in R.Values of 71 and 72. The following tentative pavement design sections are based on a design R -Value of 70. EARTH SYSTEMS CONSULTANTS February 18, 1993 -13- 137-1405-P2 93-02-724 Traffic Index = 6.0 (Standard Duty Paving) use 3.0" of Asphaltic Concrete on 4.0" Class II Base Traffic Index = 7.5 (Heavy Duty paving areas) use 4.0" of Asphaltic Concrete on 4.0" Class II Base or use 3.5" of Asphaltic Concrete on 5.0" Class II Base 4. These design sections are confined on two sides. If tl Quinta exceed the design requirements will become the E. Utility_ Trenches based on paved areas being ie minimum requirements of La sections listed above, the city basis for design. 1. Backfill of utilities within road right-of-way should be placed in strict conformance with the requirements of the governing agency (Water District, Road Department, etc.). 2. Utility trench backfill within private property should be placed in strict conformance with the provisions of this report relating to minimum compaction standards. In general, service lines extending inside of property may be backfilled with native soils compacted to a minimum of ninety (90) percent of maximum density. 3. Backfill operations should be observed and tested by Earth Systems Consultants, to monitor compliance with these recommendations. STRUCTURES Based upon the results of this evaluation, it is our opinion that the structure foundation can be supported by compacted soils placed as recommended above. The recommendations that follow are based on "very low" expansion category soils. A Foundations It is anticipated that foundations will be placed on firm compacted soils as recommended elsewhere in this report. The recommendations that follow are based on "very low" expansion category soils. Table 2 gives specific recommendations for width, depth and reinforcing. Other structural consideration may be more stringent and would govern in any case. A minimum footing depth of twelve (12) inches below lowest adjacent grade for one (1) story structures and eighteen (18) inches for two (2) story structures should be maintained. EARTH SYSTEMS CONSULTANTS February 18, 1993 -14- B7 -1405-P2 93-02-724 2. Conventional Foundations: Estimated bearing values are given below for foundations on recompacted soils, assuming import fill (if required) to be equal to or better than site soils: a. Continuous foundations of one (1) foot wide and twelve (12) inches below grade: i. 1800 psf for dead plus reasonable live loads. ii. 2400 psf for wind and seismic considerations. b. Isolated pad foundations 2' x 2' and bottomed twelve (12) inches below grade: i. 2000 psf for dead plus reasonable live loads. ii. 2650 psf for wind and seismic considerations. 3. Allowable increases of 200 psf per one (1) foot of additional footing width and 300 psf for each additional six (6) inches of footing depth may be used. The maximum allowable bearing will be 3000 psf. The allowable bearing values indicated have been determined based upon the anticipated maximum loads indicated in the "Introduction' section of this report. If the indicated loading is exceeded then the allowable bearing values and the grading requirements must be reevaluated by the soil engineer. 4. Although footing reinforcement may not be required per Table 2; nominal reinforcement should be considered to reduce the potential problems related to cracking due to temperature and shrinkage stresses and in order to span surface imperfections. Other requirements that are more stringent due to structural loads will govern. 5. Soils beneath footings and slabs should be premoistened prior to placing concrete. 6. Lateral loads may be resisted by soil friction on floor slabs and foundations and by passive resistance of the soils acting on foundation stem walls. Lateral capacity is based partially on the assumption that any required backfill adjacent to foundations and grade beams is properly compacted. 7. Foundation excavations should be visually observed by the soil engineer during excavation and prior to placement of reinforcing steel or concrete. Local variations in conditions may warrant deepening of footings. EARTH SYSTEMS CONSULTANTS February 18, 1993 -15- B7 -1405-P2 93-02-724 8. Allowable bearing values are net (weight of footing and soil surcharge may be neglected) and are applicable for dead plus reasonable live loads. B. Slabs -on -Grade 1. Concrete slabs -on -grade should be supported by compacted structural fill placed in accordance with applicable sections of this report. 2. In areas of moisture sensitive floor coverings, an appropriate vapor barrier should be installed in order to minimize vapor transmission from the subgrade soil to the slab. We would suggest that the floor slabs be underlain by a four (4) inch thick layer of gravel or by an impermeable membrane as a capillary break. A suggested gradation for the gravel layer would be as follows: Sieve Size Percent Passing 3/4" 90-100 No. 4 0-10 No. 100 0-3 If a membrane is used, a low -slump concrete should be used to help minimize shrinkage. The membrane should be covered with two (2) inches of sand to help protect it during construction. The sand should be lightly moistened just prior to placing the concrete. 3. Reinforcement of slab -on -grade is contingent upon the structural engineers recommendations and the expansion index of the supporting soil. Since the mixing of fill soil with native soil could change the expansion index, additional tests should be conducted during rough grading to determine the expansion index of the subgrade soil. Additional reinforcement due to the expansion index of the site soil should be provided as recommended in section G below. Due to the high temperature differential endemic to the area, the potential for temperature and shrinkage related cracking should be addressed. Additional reinforcement may also be required by the structural engineer. 4. It is recommended that the proposed perimeter slabs (sidewalks, patios, etc.) be designed relatively independent of foundation stems (free-floating) to help mitigate cracking due to foundation settlement and/or expansion. EARTH SYSTEMS CONSULTANTS February 18, 1993 -16- B7 -1405-P2 93-02-724 C. Settlement Considerations 1 E. Estimated settlement, based on footings founded on firm soils as recommended, should be less than one (1) inch. Differential settlement between exterior and interior bearing members should be less than one-half (1/2) inch. 2. The majority of settlement should occur during construction. Frictional and Lateral Coefficients Resistance to lateral loading may be provided by friction acting on the base of foundations, a coefficient of friction of .48 may be used for dead load forces. 2. Passive resistance acting on the sides of foundation stems equal to 350 pcf of equivalent fluid weight, may be included for resistance to lateral loading. 3. Passive resistance of soils against grade beams and the frictional resistance between the floor slabs and the supporting soils may be combined in determining the total lateral resistance, however the friction factor should be reduced to .33 of dead load forces. 4. A one-third (1/3) increase in the quoted passive value may be used for wind or seismic loads. Retaining Walls For cantilever retaining walls backfilled with compacted native soils, it is recommended that an equivalent fluid pressure of thirty-five (35) pcf be used for well drained level backfill conditions. For basement walls or other walls with a restrained condition, an equivalent fluid of fifty-five (55) pcf should be used. 2. The lateral earth pressure to be resisted by the retaining walls or similar structures should be increased to allow for surcharge loads. The surcharge considered should include the loads from any structures or temporary loads that would influence the wall design. 3. A backdrain or an equivalent system of backfill drainage should be incorporated into the retaining wall design. Our firm can provide construction details when the specific application is determined. Backfill immediately behind the retaining structure should be a free -draining granular material. In this case the majority of the native soils are considered free draining. EARTH SYSTEMS CONSULTANTS February 18, 1993 -17- B7 -1405-P2 93-02-724 4. Compaction on the retained side of the wall within a horizontal distance equal to one (1) wall height should be performed by hand -operated or other light weight compaction equipment. This is intended to reduce potential "locked -in" lateral pressures caused by compaction with heavy grading equipment. 5. Water should not be allowed to pond near the top of the wall. To accomplish this the final backfill grade should be such that all water is diverted away from the retaining wall. Specific slope stability calculations were not performed due to the lack of specific site development plans. If slopes exceed ten (10) feet, engineering calculations should be performed to substantiate the stability of slopes steeper than 2 to 1. Fill slopes should be overfilled and trimmed back to competent material. G. Expansion The design of foundations should be based on the weighted expansion index (UBC Standard No. 29-2) of the soil. As stated in the soil properties section, the expansion index of the surface soil is in the "very low" (0-20) classification. However, during site preparation, if the soil is thoroughly mixed and additional fill is added, the expansion index may change. Therefore, the expansion index should be evaluated after the site preparation has been completed, and the final foundation design adjusted accordingly. H. Additional Services This report is based on the assumption that an adequate program of client consultation, construction monitoring and testing will be performed during the final design and construction phases to check compliance with these recommendations. Maintaining Earth Systems Consultants, as the soil engineering firm from beginning to end of the project will help assure continuity of services. Construction monitoring and testing would be additional services provided by our firm. The costs of these services are not included in our present fee arrangements. The recommended tests and observations include, but are not necessarily limited to the following: 1. Consultation during the final design stages of the project. 2. Review of the building plans to observe that recommendations of our report have been properly implemented into the design. 3. Observation and testing during site preparation, grading and placement of engineered fill. 4. Consultation as required during construction. EARTH SYSTEMS CONSULTANTS February 18, 1993 -18- B7 -1405-P2 93-02-724 The analysis and recommendations submitted in this report are based in part upon the data obtained from the six (6) additional borings and the previous borings excavated on the site. The nature and extent of variations between the borings may not become evident until construction. If variations then appear evident, it will be necessary to reevaluate the recommendations of this report. Findings of this report are valid as of this date. However, changes in conditions of a property can occur with passage of time whether they be due to natural processes or works of man on this or adjacent properties. In addition, changes in applicable or appropriate standards occur whether they result from legislation or broadening of knowledge. Accordingly, findings of this report may be invalidated wholly or partially by changes outside our control. Therefore, this report is subject to review and should not be relied upon after a period of eighteen (18) months. In the event that any changes in the nature, design or location of the building are planned, the conclusions and recommendations contained in this report shall not be considered valid unless the changes are reviewed and conclusions of this report modified or verified in writing. This report is issued with the understanding that it is the responsibility of the owner, or of his representative, to insure that the information and recommendations contained herein are called to the attention of the architect and engineers for the project and are incorporated into the plans and specifications for the project. It is also the owners responsibility, or his representative, to insure that the necessary steps are taken to see that the general contractor and all subcontractors carry out such recommendations in the field. It is further understood that the owner or his representative is responsible for submittal of this report to the appropriate governing agencies. Earth Systems Consultants, has prepared this report for the exclusive use of the client and authorized agents. This report has been prepared in accordance with generally accepted soil and foundation engineering practices. No other warranties, either expressed or implied, are made as the professional advice provided under the terms of this agreement, and included in the report. It is recommended that Earth Systems Consultants, be provided the opportunity for a general review of final design and specifications in order that earthwork and foundation recommendations may be properly interpreted and implemented in the design and specifications. If Earth Systems Consultants, is not accorded the privilege of making this recommended review, we can assume no responsibility for misinterpretation of our recommendations. EARTH SYSTEMS CONSULTANTS February 18, 1993 -19- B7 -1405-P2 93-02-724 Our scope of services did not include any environmental assessment or investigation to determine the presence of hazardous or toxic materials in the soil, surface water, groundwater or air, on, below or around this site. Prior to purchase or development of this site, we suggest that an environmental assessment be conducted which addresses environmental concerns. END OF TEXT Appendices EARTH SYSTEMS CONSULTANTS February 18, 1993 -20- 137-1405-P2 93-02-724 r� 1. Envicom, Riverside County, 1976, Seismic Safety Element. 2. Greensfelder, Roger W., 1974, Maximum Credible Rock Accelerations from Earthquakes in California, CDMG Map Sheet 23. 3. Krinitzsky, E.L., Chang, F.K., Magnitude -Related Earthquake Ground Motions, Bulletin of the Association of Engineering Geologists Vol. XXV, No. 4, 1988, Pgs. 399-423. 4. Ploessel, M. R. and Slosson, J. E., "Repeatable High Ground Accelerations from Earthquakes", 1974 California Geology, Vol. 27, No. 9, Pgs. 195-199. 5. Seed, H. B. and Idriss, I. M., 1982, Ground Motions and Soil Liquefaction During Earthquakes. 6. Seih, Kerry, 1985, "Earthquake Potentials Along The San Andreas Fault", Minutes of The National Earthquake Prediction Evaluation Council, March 29-30,1985, USGS Open File Report 85-507. 7. Van de Kamp, P. C., "Holocene Continental Sedimentation in the Salton Basin, California: A Reconnaissance". Geological Society of America, Vol 84, March 1973 EARTH SYSTEMS CONSULTANTS APPENDIX A Site and Vicinity Map Logs of Borings EARTH SYSTEMS CONSULTANTS The Quarry at La Quinta Date: 2/1/93 Location: Per Plan BORING NO. 1 File No. 67-1405-P2 2 E 3 DESCRIPTION o m o m O REMARKS ° 0" ' Cc o o o U 0 _ 17 Al :Grey brown fine to SP/GP - very coarse sand and gravel 5 39 110.4 3.0 88 10 37 A2:Grey brown very fine SP Trace gravel to coarse sand with 15 gravel J 50 117j I - Relatively undisturbed Total Depth = 16' ring sample No Free Water - ® No Bedrock 20 No recovery 25 30 35 40 45 Note: The stratification lines represent the approximate boundaries between the soil types; the transitions may be gradual. 5 0 The Quarry at La Quinta Date: 2/1/93 Location: Per Plan BORING NO. 2 File No. 67-1405-P2 a E 0 DESCRIPTION �_ z C: CD m o N as REMARKS o cn o o oC E U) C CJ o O 0 15 A1:Grey brown fine to SP/GP 111.4 2.1 89 very coarse sand and - gravel 5 50/11 120.6 3.0 96 Trace cobbles 10 50 15 43 H 1 120.51 1 6 Total Depth = 16' Relatively undisturbed ring sample No Free Water No Bedrock 2 0 ® No recovery 25 30 35 40 45 50 The Quarry at La Quinta Date: 2/1/93 Location: Per Plan BORING NO. 3 File No. B7 -1405-P2 ^ R p E 0 3 DESCRIPTION o c ,> 'V m a REMARKS p - M 0 0 0 •E .o E o c a U 0 Al :Grey brown fine to SP/GP very coarse sand and 22 gravel 122.5 3.3 98 Cobble @ 4' 5 37 Scattered cobbles 10 Relatively undisturbed Total Depth = 10' ring sample No Free Water ® No Bedrock No recovery 15 i 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 The Quarry at La Quinta Date: 2/2/93 Location: Per Plan BORING NO. 4 File No. B7 -1405-P2 2 E 0 DESCRIPTIONz N m 21 REMARKS 0 0 0 m a-- o U 0 fC - A 1 :Grey brown fine to SP/GP very coarse sand and gravel 5 - Cobble @ 6' Total Depth = 8' 1 0 No Free Water No Bedrock 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 The Quarry at La Quinta Date: 2/2/93 Location: Per Plan BORING NO. 5 File No. B7 -1405-P2 E 0 3 DESCRIPTION o 5 m a REMARKS U) o Z) o o U 0 i Al :Grey brown fine to SP/GP _ very coarse sand and gravel 5 Abundant gravel and cobbles -- .`.`-- Bedrock Weathered 10 - Total Depth = 10' No Free Water No Bedrock 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 Note: The stratification lines represent the approximate boundaries _ between the soil types; the 50 transitions may be gradual. The Quarry at La Quinta Date: 2/2/93 Location: Per Plan BORING NO. 7 File No. B7 -1405-P2 DESCRIPTION E v a o 0 m o m o 5 0. REMARKS p _. fn 0 cc o' p o o U 0 - Al :Grey brown fine to SP/GP very coarse sand and - gravel 5 Boulder @ 7' Cobbles 10 Total Depth = 10' - No Free Water No Bedrock 15 i 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 The Quarry at La Quinta Date: 2/2/93 Location: Per Plan BORING NO. 8 File No. 137-1405-P2 E 0 3 DESCRIPTION o m0 o o m a REMARKS �. c4 o -0 s m 0 -.0 0 9 Al :Grey brown fine to SP/GP very coarse sand and - gravel 5 23 118.7 3.6 95 10 25 15 29 Relatively undisturbed Total Depth = 16' - ring sample No Free Water - No Bedrock 2 0 ® No recovery 25 30 35 40 45 50 The Quarry at La Quinta Date: 2/2/93 Location: Per Plan BORING NO. 9 File No. 67-1405-P2 E a DESCRIPTION o 0 m 0 m .0 W� REMARKS O cn U) •E c O o o U 0 - Al :Grey brown fine to SP/GP - very coarse sand and gravel 5 Cobbles 7 - 9' 10 - Total Depth = 10' No Free Water No Bedrock 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 APPENDIX B Summary of Test Results Table 2 EARTH SYSTEMS CONSULTANTS February 18, 1993 B-1 BORING/DEPTH 1 @ 0-5' USCS SP SOIL DESIGNATION Al MAXIMUM DENSITY (pcf) 125.5 OPTIMUM MOISTURE (%) 10.6 ANGLE OF INT. FRIC. 37° COHESION (psf) 240 EXPANSION INDEX 0 GRAIN SIZE DISTRIBUTION (%) GRAVEL 48.5 SAND 49.2 SILT 1.4 CLAY 0.9 SOIL DESCRIPTIONS: Al: Grey brown slightly silty very fine to fine sands (SP/SM) EARTH SYSTEMS CONSULTANTS B7 -1405-P2 93-02-724 February 18, 1993 B-2 B7 -1405-P2 93-02-724 RELATIVE BORING & DEPTH DRY DENSITY % MOISTURE COMPACTION 1 @ 2.0 110.4 3.0 88% 15.0 117.3 2.2 ---- 2 @ 2.0 111.4 2.1 89% 5.0 120.6 3.0 96% 15.0 120.5 1.5 96% 3 @ 2.0 122.5 3.3 98% 6 @ 2.0 110.6 3.3 88% 5.0 119.4 3.8 95% 15.0 112.6 1.4 ---- 8 @ 5.0 118.7 3.6 95% EARTH SYSTEMS CONSULTANTS B7-1405-P2 i 8 U 126 r m I, D U W 0- W 0 D 125 O CL z z Lu } 124 0 i 9 11 13 MOISTURE CONTENT IN PERCENT OF DRY WEIGHT METHOD OF COMPACTIQ� ASTM D-1557-78, METHOD A or C SOIL TYPE MAXIMUM DENSITY OPTIMUM MOISTURE Al 125.5 pcf 10.6 % 1 @a 0 - 5' MAXIMUM DENSITY - OPTIMUM MOISTURE CURVE B7-1405-P2 4.0 3.5 - N� 8 3.0 Y 2.5 - LU 2.0 � I � V Z 1.5 LU C/) I 1.0 0.5 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 NORMAL LOAD (KIPS / FOOT ) DIRECT SHEAR DATA Soil type: Al Boring and depth: 1 @ 0 - 5' Angle of internal friction: 37° Cohesion: 240 p$f ® Samples remolded to 90 % of maximum density ❑ Samples relatively undisturbed A 19 9 x I 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 r-. r- CD C-1 r -i ,L 2z Gt 001 002 I i I I I k I i "n— - - - - - - - - - - zr P I L P —7 . 4 l`i 77 — I l s A 1p . . . . . . . . . . 17- 1 k Z I k I i. j I t Z— L 17 - . -I.. f4� I k k I I ----------- T— .1 a7F 11-71 p 0� ct oc ol 9 9 sS z V) 0 U I 16- :E 9' z 90. CO. co, LU goo. S00, 1.1700' coo, ZOO' 0 0 0 0 0 IN' 0 0 — - 0 0 0 0 0 G1 CD r-4 I # - ` z N L i I I � c� :- N Cl L as cc N: J :J a J r s N II` L" { cl CV cc o = Z Z _C) L C - a o _ C c a C O J L C T v aoo =- cn� C LL Q ssau�+u i �u�tcc� 41F��+A �ull� ssau�c�u1 'W'atS sai.otS {a 'CN C _ x r c m Q 3 x W � a X � Q Z o �o ca�acJ �� cXnmac�..� X O .S7 � C I i - ` �n N r i I c� :- N Cl Q as Eger N: J :J a J r N Cl N II` cl p C7 L r O tz p Q O72 C O YJ O O C E a a C 0 c �. c E Q,.L. a; P rz a $ 4 rJ U r � a X � Q Z o �o ca�acJ �� cXnmac�..� X O .S7 � C I i - ` I N ^ •a N r i I N In N Cl Q as N: J :J a J r N Cl N II` ^J ^ � I N ^ •a ^1 ^J :^ T 7 N In N Cl r as �._ a J r N Cl N cl T 7 r a J r N Cl X cl p C7 L r O ,FQQTNQTE_S T4 TABLE 2 Premoistening is required where specified in Table 2 in order to achieve maximum and uniform expansion of soils prior to construction and thus limit structural distress caused by uneven expansion and shrinkage. Other systems which do not include premoistening may be approved by the Building Official when such alternatives are shown to provide equivalent safeguards against adverse effects of expansive soils. 2. Underfloor access crawl holes shall be provided with curbs extending not less than six (6) inches above adjacent grade to prevent surface water from entering the foundation area. 3. Reinforcement for continuous foundations shall be placed not less than three (3) inches above the bottom of the footings and not less than three (3) inches below the top of the stem. 4. Reinforcement shall be placed at mid -depth of slab. 5. After premoistening, the specified moisture content of soils shall be maintained until concrete is placed. Required moisture content shall be verified by an approved testing laboratory not more than twenty-four (24) hours prior to placement of concrete. 6. Crawl spaces under raised floors need not be premoistened except under interior footings. Interior footings which are not enclosed by a continuous perimeter foundation system or equivalent concrete or masonry moisture barrier complying with UBC Section 2907 (b) shall be designed and constructed as specified for perimeter footings in Table 2. 7. A grade beam not less than twelve (12) inches by twelve (12) inches in cross section, reinforced as specified for continuous foundations in Table 2 shall be provided at garage door openings. 8. Foundation stem walls which exceed a height of three (3) times the stem thickness above lowest adjacent grade shall be reinforced in accordance with Sections 2418 and 2614 in the UBC or as required by engineering design, whichever is more restrictive. 9. Bent reinforcing bars between exterior footing and slab shall be omitted when floor is designed as an independent, "floating" slab. 10. Fireplace footings shall be reinforced with a horizontal grid located three (3) inches above the bottom of the footing and consisting of not less than number four (#4) bars at twelve (12) inches on center each way. Vertical chimney reinforcing bars shall be hooked under the grid. EARTH SYSTEMS CONSULTANTS APPENDIX C Standard Grading Specifications EARTH SYSTEMS CONSULTANTS February 18, 1993 C-1 B7 -1405-P2 93-02-724 STANDARD GRADING SPECIFICATIONS PROJECT: THE QUARRY AT LA QUINTA CLIENT: WINCHESTER INLAND These Standard Grading Specifications have been prepared for the exclusive use of our client for specific application to referenced project in accordance with generally accepted soil and foundation engineering practices. No other warranty, expressed or implied, is made. 2. These specifications shall be integrated with the Engineering Report of which they are a part. Should conflicting statements be found between these standard specifications and the itemized recommendations contained in the main body of the engineering report, the latter shall govern. 3. Earth Systems Consultants, referred to as the soil engineer, should be retained to provide continuous soil engineering services during construction of the grading, excavation and foundation phases of the work. This is to observe compliance with the design concepts, specifications or recommendations and to allow design changes in the event that subsurface conditions differ from that anticipated prior to start of construction. 4. The presence of our field representative will be for the purpose of providing observation and field testing. Our work does not include supervision or direction of the actual work of the contractor, his employees or agents. The contractor for this project should be so advised. The contractor should also be informed that neither the presence of our field representative nor the observation and testing by our firm shall excuse him in any way from defects discovered in his work. It is understood that our firm will not be responsible for job or site safety on this project. Job and site safety will be the sole responsibility of the contractor. 5. If the contractor encounters subsurface conditions at the site that (a) are materially different from those indicated in the contract plans or in specifications, or (b) could not have been reasonably anticipated as inherent in the work of the character provided in the contract, the contractor shall immediately notify the owner verbally and in writing within 24 hours. This notification shall be a condition precedent before any negotiations for "changed or differing site conditions" can proceed. If the owner determines that conditions do materially so differ and cause an increase or decrease in the contractor's cost of, or the time required for, performance of any EARTH SYSTEMS CONSULTANTS February 18, 1993 C-2 B7 -1405-P2 93-02-724 part of the work under this contract, then negotiations shall commence between owner and contractor to provide equitable adjustment to owner or contractor resulting therefrom. 6. Whenever the words "supervision", "inspection", or "control" appear they shall mean periodic observation of the work and the taking of soil tests as deemed necessary by the soil engineer for substantial compliance with plans, specifications and design concepts. 7. These specifications shall consist of clearing and grubbing, preparation of land to be filled, filling of the land, spreading, compaction and control of the fill, and subsidiary work necessary to complete the grading of the filled areas to conform with the lines, grades and slopes as shown on the accepted plans. 8. The standard test used to define minimum densities of compaction work shall be the ASTM Test Procedure D 1557. Densities shall be expressed as a relative compaction in terms of the maximum density obtained in the laboratory by the foregoing standard procedure. 9. Field density tests will be performed by the soil engineer during grading operations. At least one (1) test shall be made for each five hundred (500) cubic yards or fraction thereof placed with a minimum of two (2) tests per layer in isolated areas. Where sheepsfoot rollers are used, the soil may be disturbed to a depth of several inches. Density tests shall be taken in compacted material below the disturbed surface. When these tests indicate that the density of any layer of fill or portion thereof is below the required density, the particular layer or portion shall be reworked until the required density has been obtained. 10. Earth -moving and working operations shall be controlled to prevent water from running into excavated areas. Excess water shall be promptly removed and the site kept dry. Fill material shall not be placed, spread or rolled during unfavorable weather conditions. When the work is interrupted by heavy rain, fill operations shall not be resumed until field tests by the soil engineer indicate that the moisture content and density of the fill are as previously specified. 11. Compaction shall be by sheepsfoot rollers, vibrating sheepsfoot rollers, multiple -wheel pneumatic -tired rollers or other types of acceptable compacting rollers. Rollers shall be of such design that they will be able to compact the fill to the specified density. Rolling shall be accomplished while the fill material is within the specified moisture content range. Rolling of each layer shall be continuous over its entire area and the roller shall make sufficient trips to insure that the required density has been obtained. EARTH SYSTEMS CONSULTANTS February 18, 1993 C-3 B7 -1405-P2 93-02-724 12. Existing structures, foundations, trash, debris, loose fill, trees (not included in landscaping), roots, tree remains and other rubbish shall be removed, piled or burned or otherwise disposed of so as to leave the areas that have been disturbed with a neat and finished appearance free from debris. No burning shall be permitted in the area to be filled. 13. When fill material includes rock, large rocks will not be allowed to nest and voids must be carefully filled with small stones or earth and properly compacted. Rock larger than eight (8) inches in diameter will not be permitted in the compacted fill without review as to location by the soil engineer. 14. Organic matter shall be removed from the surface upon which the fill, foundations or pavement sections are to be placed. The surface shall then be plowed or scarified to a depth of at least eight (8) inches and until the surface is free from ruts, hummocks or other uneven features which would tend to prevent uniform compaction by the equipment to be used. Specific recommendations pertaining to stripping and minimum depth of recompaction of native soils are presented in the main body of the soil report. 15. Native soil free from organic material and other deleterious material may be used as compacted fill; however, during grading operations the soil engineer will re-examine the native soils for organic content. 16. Imported material should be tested and reviewed by Earth Systems Consultants, before being brought to the site. The materials used shall be free from organic matter and other deleterious material. 17. Where fills are made on hillsides or exposed slope areas, greater than ten (10) percent, horizontal benches shall be cut into firm undisturbed natural ground to provide a horizontal base so that each layer is placed and compacted on a horizontal plane. The initial bench at the toe of the fill shall be at least ten (10) feet in width on firm, undisturbed natural ground at the elevation of the toe stake placed at the natural angle of repose or design slope. The width and frequency of succeeding benches will vary with the soil conditions and the steepness of slope. 18. The selected fill material shall be placed in layers which, when compacted, shall not exceed six (6) inches in thickness. Layers shall be spread evenly and shall be thoroughly blade -mixed during spreading. After each layer has been placed, mixed and spread evenly, it shall be thoroughly compacted to a relative compaction of not less than ninety (90) percent. The fill operation shall be continued in six (6) inch compacted layers, as specified above, until the fill has been brought to the finished slopes and graded as shown on the accepted plans. EARTH SYSTEMS CONSULTANTS February 18, 1993 C-4 B7 -1405-P2 93-02-724 19. When the moisture content of the fill material .is not sufficient to achieve required compaction, water shall be added until the soils attain a moisture content so that thorough bonding is achieved during the compacting process. When the moisture content of the fill material is excessive, the fill material shall be aerated by blading or other satisfactory methods until the moisture content is reduced to an acceptable content to achieve proper compaction. 20. Existing septic tanks and other underground storage tanks must be removed from the site prior to commencement of building, grading or fill operations. Underground tanks, including connecting drain fields and other lines, must be totally removed and the resulting depressions properly reconstructed and filled. Depressions left from tree removal shall also be properly filled and compacted. 21. The methods for removal of subsurface irrigation and utility lines will depend on the depth and location of the line. One of the following methods may be used: 1) Remove the pipe and compact the soil in the trench according to the applicable portions of these grading recommendations, 2) The pipe shall be crushed in the trench. The trench shall then be filled and compacted according to the applicable portions of these grading specifications, 3) Cap the ends of the line with concrete to mitigate entrance of water. The length of the cap shall not be less than five (5) feet. The concrete mix shall have a minimum shrinkage. 22. Abandoned water wells on the site shall be capped according to the requirements of the appropriate regulatory agency. The strength of the cap shall be at least equal to the adjacent soils. The final elevation of the top of the well casing must be a minimum of thirty-six (36) inches below adjacent grade prior to grading or fill operations. Structure foundations should not be placed over the capped well. EARTH SYSTEMS CONSULTANTS 7 3 ��;_ _ - _ - '� - � C' ��.;;•_ ,�'f. _ �h� �Li' ^;��', r i f I _ _ IIS i ! i I�a~� ti ��. -� �.. ��fj it i' ,•; Y^''�'nk �, NN kk I L � - T. •.i `, •. •%_ r44 •. U. lir ��. ii .i•i �::� ..e r-, •. - � ",� � t� I .lam � �=, %1:• ;1 . `^. fir•. '' J r •�. !•:_�—^`—� r f y "1:.'r�': C'�` ,i 1 ��0. •- - � - r_^� -�� �'� � 1 tai ., %�f ti .� �. Lw — .l 1�♦ 'JI( I`{r„ •�r � +`:' r '+� 1 I �,�� � � •I irl, r I �� t � .�' .IN •, \' J, ��`� ` � � � � �j �-�If ��r1 ti •_` i fid. E { :s.� f '� 9 3.s�3C'L� ' • Gr _ L ''\ 4 i 'Z. ti --'s I - iCa �.r- , 1 i� ' 1 r �� `• 1 ! , 27. k p �H ` i _1-�. ✓ � �� �� r i--� � � �� � r. �HV1•I(f r:5.5 :�.: � � LHS ��• _,� Y- r_:-`'`-; �! � � �� f -'t :6" � � ���� f9.8$ 11 �J"'��1 � � •27.� _•� :5i3 `•- 2� Imo_` 27 23 6 23 \'.• —may .. _ ' �. /• •I 1. Ii! i •t 3 I•:5 c _ '� •27 -tel _ ; • . _•�.:1 �.1 =r i_-_. � � �1 \ ' • I � � - � f C - - _ ^.. • : 3 �-_.--r � •3s v� j 43 73,to - _.o a .lc yr4r 3 i 14 `� f •/ •t t ` 1, y, •l +l ` - ��� Cv• ,r�r—• :tri_. . _f y' x:3.4 ' l�ri' c ! I '/ I r �i l 1� i �I ( , ~.1 �lr ,� �! ���r: F^�•1 �� 1 ./ ,. E5, O, ct �i � J+ .;.. .. :' _ Ian.. ' .r. i , = _' •.1 �._• ry�'Y .� �i:��� y� __•• ' ;�• ' APPROXIMATE BORING LOCATIONS