Loading...
2008-2014 City of La Quinta General Plan - Housing Element (Superseded 2013) Adopted by the La Quinta City Council on August 2, 2011 CITY OF LA QUINTA HOUSING ELEMENT UPDATE PLANNING PERIOD 2006-2014 ADOPTED ON AUGUST 2, 2011 BY THE LA QUINTA CITY COUNCIL RESOLUTION 2011-072 Prepared for the City of La Quinta by: The Planning Center City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page i TABLE OF CONTENTS Section Page EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ..................................................................................................... ES-1 Purpose ............................................................................................................................... ES-1 Setting.................................................................................................................................. ES-1 Housing Resources ........................................................................................................ ES-2 Housing Plan ..................................................................................................................... ES-3 Quantified Objectives .................................................................................................... ES-6 1.0 INTRODUCTION...................................................................................................... 1-1 1.1 Purpose ................................................................................................................. 1-1 1.2 Consistency with State Planning Law ...................................................... 1-2 1.3 General Plan Consistency .............................................................................. 1-2 1.4 Scope and Content ........................................................................................... 1-3 1.5 Public Participation ......................................................................................... 1-4 2.0 HOUSING VISION STATEMENT........................................................................ 2-1 3.0 COMMUNITY PROFILE ........................................................................................ 3-1 3.1 Population ........................................................................................................... 3-1 3.2 Age Composition ............................................................................................... 3-3 3.3 Race and Ethnicity ........................................................................................... 3-3 3.4 Employment ....................................................................................................... 3-4 3.5 General Income Characteristics ................................................................. 3-6 4.0 HOUSING PROFILE ................................................................................................ 4-1 4.1 Housing Characteristics ................................................................................. 4-1 4.2 Household Characteristics............................................................................ 4-4 4.3 Age and Condition of Housing..................................................................... 4-7 4.4 Rooms per Unit ............................................................................................... 4-11 4.5 Housing Costs and Rents ............................................................................ 4-14 5.0 HOUSING NEEDS .................................................................................................... 5-1 5.1 Overpayment and Housing Affordability ............................................... 5-1 5.2 Overcrowding .................................................................................................... 5-5 5.3 Special Needs ..................................................................................................... 5-7 5.4 Regional Housing Needs ............................................................................. 5-15 6.0 HOUSING CONSTRAINTS .................................................................................... 6-1 6.1 Nongovernmental Constraints ................................................................... 6-1 6.2 Governmental Constraints ........................................................................... 6-3 6.3 Opportunities for Energy Conservation .............................................. 6-37 7.0 HOUSING RESOURCES ......................................................................................... 7-1 7.1 Constructed and Approved Housing Units ............................................ 7-1 7.2 Available Land for Housing .......................................................................... 7-3 7.3 Preservation of Existing Affordable Housing .................................... 7-25 8.0 PRESERVATION OF ASSISTED RESOURCES ............................................... 8-1 9.0 GOALS, POLICIES, AND PROGRAMS ............................................................... 9-1 Table of Contents Page ii December 2010 9.1 Adequate Sites for Housing ......................................................................... 9-1 9.2 Assist in the Development of Affordable Housing ............................. 9-6 9.3 Removal of Governmental Constraints to Housing ......................... 9-11 9.4 Preservation and Rehabilitation of Housing Stock ......................... 9-13 9.5 Equal Housing Opportunity....................................................................... 9-15 9.6 Energy and Water Conservation ............................................................. 9-19 9.7 2006–2014 Quantified Objectives .......................................................... 9-22 APPENDICES Appendix A: Past Accomplishments and Effectiveness of the 1998–2005 Housing Element Appendix B: Public Participation Materials Appendix C: Vacant and Underutilized Land Inventories City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page iii LIST OF FIGURES Figure Page Figure H-1 Vacant and Underutilized Land Inventory Map .............................. 7-23 LIST OF TABLES Table Page TABLE HES-1 Quantified Objectives 2006–2014 ...................................... ES-6 TABLE H-1 Population Growth ....................................................................... 3-2 TABLE H-2 Population Growth In Coachella Valley Cities .................. 3-2 TABLE H-3 Age Distribution ............................................................................ 3-3 TABLE H-4 1980–2000 Ethnic Background of Population ................. 3-4 TABLE H-5 Employment by Industry ........................................................... 3-5 TABLE H-6 Major Employers La Quinta Community Area .................. 3-6 TABLE H-7 2000 Household Income Estimates ...................................... 3-7 TABLE H-8 Income Limits by Household Size, 1999 And 2008 .................................................................................................... 3-8 TABLE H-9 Households by Income Category, 2000 ............................... 3-8 TABLE H-10 Total Housing Stock 2000 to 2007 ........................................ 4-2 TABLE H-11 Total Dwelling Units by Type of Structure 2000 to 2007 .............................................................................................. 4-2 TABLE H-12 Historic Record of Housing Development .......................... 4-3 TABLE H-13 Total Households, 2000 and 2007 ......................................... 4-5 TABLE H-14 Household Size, 2000 and 2007 ............................................. 4-5 TABLE H-15 Housing Tenure and Vacancy .................................................. 4-7 TABLE H-16 Age of Housing Stock in La Quinta ......................................... 4-8 TABLE H-17 Bedrooms Per Unit, 1990–2000 .......................................... 4-13 TABLE H-18 Bedrooms in Dwelling Unit by Tenure, 2000 ................ 4-13 TABLE H-19 Sample Resale Prices of Single-Family Homes and Condominiums ................................................................... 4-15 TABLE H-20 Sample New Market Rate Housing Prices ....................... 4-16 TABLE H-21 Sample Rental Costs .................................................................. 4-18 TABLE H-22 Overpayment by Income Category and Household Type ............................................................................. 5-3 TABLE H-23 Affordable Housing Costs by Annual Income.................... 5-4 TABLE H-24 Overcrowding ................................................................................. 5-6 TABLE H-25 Senior Households by Size/Type ........................................... 5-8 TABLE H-26 Disability Limitation by Age .................................................. 5-10 TABLE H-27 Large Households by Tenure ................................................ 5-11 Table of Contents Page iv December 2010 TABLE H-28 Single Parent Households 2000 ........................................... 5-12 TABLE H-29 Coachella Valley Homeless Shelter Resources 2007 ................................................................................................. 5-15 TABLE H-30 2006–2014 Regional Housing Needs Assessment ....... 5-16 TABLE H-31 Residential General Plan and Zoning Districts ................ 6-5 TABLE H-32 2008 Residential Development Standards ...................... 6-11 TABLE H-33 2008 Permitted Residential Uses by Residential Zoning District ............................................................................. 6-12 TABLE H-34 2008 Permitted Residential Uses by Nonresidential Zoning District ............................................. 6-13 TABLE H-35 Parking Requirements for Residential Uses ................... 6-17 TABLE H-36 Local Development Processing Times ............................... 6-20 TABLE H-37 State Development Processing Time Limits ................... 6-20 TABLE H-38 Impact Fees Per Unit of Development ............................... 6-25 TABLE H-39 Development Fees for Typical Single-Family and Multifamily Homes .................................................................... 6-26 TABLE H-40 Planning Department Fee Schedule ................................... 6-27 TABLE H-41 Projection of Available Low & Moderate Housing Set-Aside Funds .......................................................................... 6-35 TABLE H-42 Constructed, Approved, and Pending Residential Projects January 2006 to September 2007 ....................... 7-3 TABLE H-43 Vacant Land Inventory Summary.......................................... 7-5 TABLE H-44 Underutilized Land Inventory Summary ......................... 7-11 TABLE H-45 Accommodating the RHNA ..................................................... 7-11 TABLE H-46 Assisted Multifamily Project Inventory .............................. 8-1 TABLE H-47 Quantified Objectives 2006–2014 ...................................... 9-23 TABLE C-1 Draft Vacant Land Inventory ........................................................ 3 TABLE C-2 Draft Underutilized Land Inventory ........................................ 6 City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page ES-1 0.0 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Purpose The Housing Element of the La Quinta General Plan establishes the City’s policy relative to the maintenance and development of housing to meet the needs of existing and future residents. Jurisdictions within the Southern California Association of Governments (SCAG) region must complete the statutory housing element update for a seven-and-one-half-year planning period that extends from January 1, 2006, through June 30, 2014. The 2006 Regional Housing Needs Assessment (RHNA) proposes that La Quinta provide the regulatory framework to facilitate the development of new housing units potentially affordable to a range of income levels. The City’s RHNA is 4,327 units for the 2006–2014 planning period. The RHNA includes housing planning goals for very low, low, moderate, and above moderate income households. The City’s RHNA by affordability level is 1,065 units of housing affordable to very low income households, 724 affordable for low income households, 796 affordable for moderate income households, and 1,741 above moderate income units. The housing element demonstrates the land resources, financial resources, market trends, and governmental efforts that have the potential to facilitate and encourage housing development and rehabilitation to meet the RHNA. Setting The City of La Quinta is one of nine cities in the Coachella Valley. A world- renowned vacation destination, La Quinta’s population varies by season. La Quinta’s permanent population is estimated at 31,641 persons in 2007, with a seasonal population of 9,451 (for a total of 41,092), based on a City-sponsored market analysis. La Quinta households are generally wealthier than other areas of Riverside County. The median household income of La Quinta in 2000 was $54,552, significantly higher than the Riverside County median household income of $42,887. Since 2000, the median income for residents in has increased, with the 2004 median family income reported as $54,300 for the County of Riverside and $62,500 for the City of La Quinta. For 2008, the US Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) reported the median family income for the County of Riverside as $62,000. Although data on median income for the City of La Quinta is not available for 2008, it is generally assumed that the income trends for the City mirror those seen in 2004. Executive Summary Page ES-2 December 2010 This income trend is related to the types of new housing available in La Quinta. La Quinta is home to many new amenity-rich master planned communities. Based on DOF records, the construction of single-family homes has continued to rise over the years. Although the number of multifamily units in the City more than doubled from 2000 to 2007, multifamily units continue to represent less than 8 percent of the total housing stock. Housing affordability is a major concern in La Quinta. Older neighborhoods and multifamily housing provide the bulk of housing opportunities for moderate income households in La Quinta. Lower income households and special needs groups benefit from the City’s affordability restrictions on employee quarters and guest houses and Redevelopment Agency (Agency) activities. The recent downturn of the housing market has resulted in greater affordability in La Quinta. Much like other communities in the Coachella Valley, since 2006 the City’s housing stock has provided a wide range of pricing options due to an oversupply of housing and foreclosures. While there are still multimillion dollar homes for sale, there are also new and fairly new homes for sale at prices far less than their original value. Housing Resources California housing element law allows local governments to obtain credit toward its RHNA housing goals in three ways: constructed and approved units, vacant and underutilized land, and the preservation of existing affordable housing. City building permit records show that 5,708 homes were constructed or approved for construction between January 2006 and September 2007. The majority of units were in single-family detached developments, with approximately half entitled through specific plans. Including several restricted affordable housing projects. Combined, the constructed, approved, and pending projects will create 576 lower income and 569 moderate income housing units. The City is still responsible for identifying land that can accommodate 1,213 units affordable to lower income households and 227 units affordable to moderate income households within the current planning period (a total of 1,440 units). Vacant and underutilized lands are important housing resources. The housing element identifies 146.7 vacant acres with a total expected yield, at a realistic capacity established based on existing development trends, of 1,500 units. The underutilized land inventory identifies 206.9 acres of underutilized land that could accommodate new housing during the planning period. The total expected yield of these sites, at a realistic capacity established based on existing development trends and densities, is 2,112 units. City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page ES-3 Moderate income households may, in part, be served by new market-rate rental housing. For example, between 2006 and September 2007 at least 375 market- rate rental units were constructed that provide housing affordable to moderate income households. Another important resource for moderate and lower income housing in La Quinta is the Agency and its nonprofit partners. The Agency has a positive track record of collaborating with nonprofit organizations to purchase, rehabilitate, or construct restricted affordable rental and ownership housing. With an estimated $182 million to leverage for housing assistance during the planning period, the Agency will play a vital role in meeting the City’s housing needs. The Agency is in the process of acquiring vacant and underutilized sites for future affordable housing projects. Housing Plan The housing element sets forth a comprehensive housing plan consisting of goals, policies, and programs to address existing and projected housing needs. The detailed programs provided are designed to identify sites to meet or exceed the RHNA, assist the development of affordable housing, remove governmental constraints to housing, preserve the existing housing stock, provide equal housing opportunities, and promote energy and water conservation in residential uses. Adequate Sites for Housing GOAL 1.1: Provide housing opportunities that meet the diverse needs of the City’s existing and projected population. Policy 1.1: Identify adequate sites to accommodate a range of product types, densities, and prices to address the housing needs of all household types, lifestyles, and income levels. Policy 1.2: Focus housing growth within existing City boundaries until it is necessary to pursue annexation or development in planning areas for affordable housing. Policy 1.3: Direct new housing development to viable areas where essential public facilities can be provided and employment opportunities, educational facilities, and commercial support are available. Policy 1.4: Support the construction of new affordable housing by rezoning, where appropriate and desirable, to permit higher density residential development. Policy 1.5: Pursue land banking opportunities for housing that exceeds the 2006–2014 RHNA. Executive Summary Page ES-4 December 2010 Assist in the Development of Affordable Housing GOAL 2.1: Assist in the creation and provision of resources to support housing for lower and moderate income households. Policy 2.1: Increase housing choices for lower and moderate income households. Policy 2.2: Support public, private, and nonprofit efforts in the development of affordable housing. Policy 2.3: Pursue a variety of forms of private, local, state, and federal assistance to support development of affordable housing. Removal of Governmental Constraints to Housing GOAL 3.1: Create a regulatory system that does not unduly constrain the maintenance, improvement, and development of housing affordable to all La Quinta residents. Policy 3.1: Remove unnecessary regulatory constraints to enable the construction or rehabilitation of housing that meets the needs of La Quinta residents, including lower income and special needs residents. Policy 3.2: Coordinate the development of affordable housing with the provision of key utilities to ensure prompt and adequate service. Policy 3.3: Incentivize the development of affordable housing to facilitate the development of housing for the City’s lower and moderate income households Preservation and Rehabilitation of Housing Stock GOAL 4.1: Conserve and improve the quality of existing La Quinta neighborhoods and individual properties. Policy 4.1: Protect the quality of La Quinta’s neighborhoods through the rehabilitation of both affordable and market-rate homes. Policy 4.2: Promote financial and technical assistance to lower and moderate income households for housing maintenance and improvements. Policy 4.3: Encourage the retention and rehabilitation of existing single-family neighborhoods and mobile home parks that are economically and physically sound. Policy 4.4: Enhance neighborhoods that presently provide affordable housing with drainage, lighting and landscape amenities, and parks and recreation areas. City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page ES-5 Equal Housing Opportunity GOAL 5.1: Provide equal housing opportunities for all persons. Policy 5.1: Provide the regulatory framework to create an environment in which housing opportunities are equal. Policy 5.2: Encourage and support the enforcement of laws and regulations prohibiting discrimination in lending practices and in the sale or rental of housing. Policy 5.3: Encourage support services for the Coachella Valley’s senior and homeless populations through referrals and collaborative efforts with non- profits and other jurisdictions. Policy 5.4: Assist in the creation of a continuum of care for the homeless population and those transitioning into permanent housing. Policy 5.5: Improve quality of life for disabled persons by facilitating relief from regulatory requirements that may create barriers to accessible housing and promoting universal design. Energy and Water Conservation GOAL 6.1: Provide a regulatory framework that facilitates and encourages energy and water conservation through sustainable site planning, project design, and green technologies and building materials. Policy 6.1: Promote higher density and compact developments that increase energy efficiency and reduce land consumption. Policy 6.2: Facilitate housing development and rehabilitation that conserves natural resources and minimizes greenhouse gas emissions. Policy 6.3: Encourage and enforce green building regulations or incentives that do not serve as constraints to the development or rehabilitation of housing. Policy 6.4: Focus sustainability efforts on measures and techniques that also assist the occupant in reducing energy costs; therefore reducing housing costs. Policy 6.5: Use and encourage emerging technologies to reduce high demands for electricity and natural gas including use of passive solar devices and where feasible other renewable energy technologies (e.g., biomass, wind, and geothermal). Executive Summary Page ES-6 December 2010 Quantified Objectives The goals, policies, and programs will guide housing-related decision making and facilitate attainment of the 2006–2014 RHNA housing targets. As shown in Table HES-1, constructed units and approved units make up the bulk of new construction counted toward the RHNA. The development potential of vacant and underutilized land is also important for exceeding the RHNA. Continued development of second units and rent-free guest/employee quarters will further supplement the affordable housing stock. Special programs for housing assistance and rehabilitation will help meet the City's housing needs. Although home and neighborhood improvement projects do not always count toward the RHNA, the City looks forward to assisting property owners and collaborating agencies in facilitating these beneficial programs. TABLE HES-1 Quantified Objectives 2006–2014 Type of Housing Extremely Low Very Low Low Moderate Above Moderate Total New Construction New Units 200 400 300 700 6,000 7,600 City Rehabilitation/Improvement Assistance 1, 2 4.1 Residential Rehabilitation 10 10 0 0 20 6.4 Landscape Water Management 15 15 15 5 50 1 Other programs are proposed to assist the rehabilitation and improvement of housing in La Quinta, however, at this time many programs do not have quantified objectives. For example, it is currently unknown how many La Quinta households will utilize County of Riverside rehabilitation grants, how much money may be available from new state and federal resources, and there are not any unit targets by income level for housing condition monitoring. Quantified objectives will be created as funds are secured. 2 No conservation goals are provided because no assisted units are at-risk of conversion within ten years of the planning period. Please refer to Section 8.0 Preservation of Assisted Resources. City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page 1-1 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Purpose The Housing Element of the La Quinta General Plan establishes the City’s policy relative to the maintenance and development of housing to meet the needs of existing and future residents. These policies will guide City decision making and set forth a housing action program through 2014. These commitments are an expression of the desire of the City of La Quinta to enable the obtainment of adequate housing for every La Quinta resident. The City’s housing policy is in line with the statewide housing goal of “attainment of decent housing and a suitable living environment for every California Family.” The purpose of the Element is to establish official policy which: 1. Identifies existing and projected housing needs, and inventories resources and constraints that are relevant to meeting these needs. The assessment and inventory include: ■■ Community Profile ■■ Housing Profile ■■ Land Resource Inventory ■■ Governmental and Nongovernmental Constraints Analysis ■■ Analysis of Special Needs Housing ■■ Identification of Assisted Units “At Risk” of Conversion 2. Identifies the community’s goals, objectives, and policies relative to the preservation, improvement, and development of housing. 3. Sets forth a schedule of actions (programs) the City of La Quinta (the City) is undertaking or intends to undertake to implement the policies and achieve the goals and objectives of the Housing Element through the administration of land use controls, provision of regulatory concessions and incentives, and the utilization of appropriate federal and state subsidy programs. The Housing Element has been designed to address key housing issues in the City. These issues include appropriate housing types to meet the needs of all segments of the community while maintaining a low density character, provision of affordable housing for special needs groups in the community, and the maintenance of the existing housing stock. Introduction Page 1-2 December 2010 1.2 Consistency with State Planning Law The Housing Element is one of the seven General Plan elements mandated by the State of California. Sections 65580 to 65589.8 of the California Government Code contain the legislative mandate for the housing element. State law requires that the City’s Housing Element consist of “identification and analysis of existing and projected housing needs and a statement of goals, policies, quantified objectives, financial resources, and scheduled programs for the preservation, improvement and development of housing.” State law also requires that the City evaluate its housing element approximately every eight years to determine its effectiveness in achieving City and statewide housing goals and objectives, and to adopt an updated Element that reflects the results of this evaluation. Jurisdictions within the Southern California Association of Governments (SCAG) region must complete the statutory update for a seven-and-one-half-year planning period that extends from January 1, 2006, through June 30, 2014. This is a comprehensive update to the City of La Quinta’s Housing Element to bring it into compliance with state housing law and to meet the SCAG region update requirement. State law is very specific on the content of the Housing Element and makes it clear that the provision of affordable housing is the responsibility of all local governments. The City is expected to contribute toward regional housing needs and to contribute to the attainment of state housing goals. 1.3 General Plan Consistency The Housing Element is one of 9 elements of the La Quinta General Plan. The goals, policies, standards and proposals within this element shall relate directly to and shall be consistent with all other elements. The City’s Housing Element identifies programs and resources required for the preservation, improvement, and development of housing to meet the existing and projected needs of its population. The Housing Element is affected by development policies contained in the Land Use Element, which establishes the locations, types, intensity, and distribution of land uses throughout the City and defines the buildout land use scenario. In designating total acreage density of residential development, the Land Use Element places an upper limit on the number and types of housing units constructed in the City. The acreage designated for a range of commercial and office uses creates employment opportunities for various income groups. The presence and potential for jobs affects the current and future demand for housing at the various income levels in the City. The Circulation Element also affects the implementation of the Housing Element. The Circulation Element establishes policies for providing essential streets and roadways to all housing that is developed. The policies that are City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page 1-3 contained in the other elements of the General Plan affect the quality of life of the citizens of the City through the control of the amount and variety of open space and recreation areas, acceptable noise levels in residential areas, and programs to provide for the safety of the residents. The Housing Element utilizes the most current data available. It includes 1990 and 2000 Census data, 2007 California Department of Finance (DOF) data, 2000 Comprehensive Housing Affordability Strategy data, field surveys for housing conditions, data generated from the 2002 General Plan Update, and 2007 SCAG Housing needs data, and is consistent with existing and projected population, employment, and housing figures presented by county, state, and national agencies. 1.4 Scope and Content This Housing Element updates the Housing Element adopted by the City in November, 2004. The Housing Element is organized in the following manner: 1. Introduction: A statement of the purpose of the Housing Element and statutory requirements, a statement of the relationship between the Housing Element and other General Plan elements, the scope, content and organization of the Element, and a summary of the public participation process. 2. Housing Vision Statement: A statement describing the future vision of housing in La Quinta as developed by the citizens and elected officials of the City. The policies in the Housing Element are designed to bring this vision to fruition. 3. Community Profile and Housing Profile: A discussion of the characteristics of the population, households, and housing stock in La Quinta, including growth and affordability trends. 4. Housing Needs: An analysis of groups in the City that may have special housing needs, the implications of the affordability of housing stock in relation to household income, and projected housing needs. 5. Housing Constraints: A discussion of governmental and nongovernmental constraints to the development of housing and opportunities for energy conservation in residential planning, design, construction, and rehabilitation. 6. Housing Resources: An inventory of constructed and approved units, land available for residential development, and underutilized sites available for residential redevelopment, and an analysis of the ability of these projects and sites to meet the Regional Housing Needs Assessment (RHNA). Introduction Page 1-4 December 2010 7. Preservation of Assisted Resources: A description of any assisted, affordable multifamily units that are eligible to convert to market rate within 10 years of the planning period. 8. Goals, Policies, and Programs: A description of housing goals, policies, and programs responsive to the City’s current and projected housing needs. Also included is a summary of the City’s quantified objectives for new residential construction, rehabilitation, and financial assistance during the planning period. APPENDICES A. Evaluation of Past Element: A summary of the achievements and an evaluation of the effectiveness of the past Housing Element. B. Public Participation Materials: A summary and reproduction of the public participation materials and efforts that were a part of the housing element update process. C. Vacant and Underutilized Land Inventories: The detailed descriptions of sites identified in the vacant and underutilized land inventories. D. Endnotes: A listing of endnotes referenced throughout the Housing Element. 1.5 Public Participation The California Government Code requires that local governments make a diligent effort to achieve public participation from all economic segments of the community in the development of the housing element. The City’s public outreach efforts focused on a combination of stakeholder interviews, a community housing forum (including participating stakeholders), housing questionnaires, information dissemination through the City’s website, and public hearings. Together, this input helped the City understand and respond to the housing needs of the community. Stakeholder Interviews Due to the Housing Element’s focus on the provision of affordable housing, organizations related to low income housing were contacted to gain further insight into the housing needs facing La Quinta. More specifically, the following organizations were contacted. ■■ Coachella Valley Housing Coalition ■■ Urban Housing Communities ■■ Desert Alliance for Community Empowerment/ Rancho Housing Alliance City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page 1-5 ■■ Habitat for Humanity ■■ County of Riverside Office on Aging ■■ Housing Authority of Riverside County/Department of Public Social Services ■■ Fair Housing Council of Riverside County ■■ Coachella Valley Rescue Mission ■■ Shelter from the Storm Input from these interviews revealed the optimal sizes of affordable housing projects (50–80 units) and that the City’s maximum density of 16 units per acre is not a constraint to the production of affordable housing. The City was praised for its long-standing regulatory and financial assistance and organizations encouraged the City to continue to acquire raw and improved land (particularly in the current relatively depressed market) to assist future affordable housing projects. While the organizations themselves were already incorporating green building techniques, they welcomed the introduction of a more formalized City program. Each affordable housing developer or special needs provider indicated a strong willingness to participate in mixed-income projects and partner with each other, private developers, other nonprofits, and the City. Community Housing Forum As part of the City of La Quinta’s Housing Element update process, a Community Housing Forum was held on July 24, 2008, at the La Quinta Library. The intent was to obtain the community’s input as to the perceived housing needs, issues and concerns of residents, and others interested in housing opportunities in La Quinta. The forum was conducted as an open house, with attendees coming and going during the forum’s two-hour window. Approximately 35–40 persons attended, with an average of about 15–20 in attendance at any one time. The forum was well advertised, with loose-leaf inserts placed in the La Quinta Sun, a weekly supplement to The Desert Sun newspaper, which focuses on stories and events of direct interest to La Quinta residents and has a circulation of 20,000. The insert was two-sided, with an announcement about the forum on one side and a questionnaire on housing issues on the other side. The forum was also announced on Spanish and English radio, with brief articles in The Desert Sun Public Record, The Desert Sun newspaper and website, and the City newsletter, the La Quinta City Report. The 2006–2014 draft Element, forum flyer, and questionnaire were also posted on the City of La Quinta website. Outreach materials were sent to the La Quinta Cove Association, which represents approximately 3,500 households in the two-square mile La Quinta Cove area, local housing service providers, major employers, and the Chamber of Commerce. The purpose of distributing to major employers and the Chamber of Commerce was to target low income workers, a group that is often left out of the housing element process. Introduction Page 1-6 December 2010 The following housing and community service organizations attended and participated by answering questions and providing handout materials: ■■ Coachella Valley Housing Coalition ■■ Coachella Valley Rescue Mission ■■ Desert Alliance for Community Empowerment/ Rancho Housing Alliance ■■ City of La Quinta Community Services Department ■■ Habitat for Humanity (provided handouts, but a representative could not attend) A “poker chip” survey, based on the six issues listed in the questionnaire, was set up, whereby attendees ranked the importance of each issue by placing colored chips in the bin representing that issue, one chip per bin by each participant. The forum’s survey augmented the 22 questionnaires submitted by mail or electronically. The poker chip survey issues and vote tallies are shown below. The number of chips cast for each issue is listed in order from most to least importance (very important/somewhat important/not important): ■■ Maintaining and improving existing neighborhoods (12/4/2) ■■ Providing a range of housing types (10/3/1) ■■ Ensuring that your children can live in and enjoy La Quinta (5/6/0) ■■ Increasing rental housing opportunities (3/7/1) ■■ Assisting La Quinta’s workforce in finding quality housing in the community (8/3/3) ■■ Creating walkable neighborhoods (14/0/1) The responses to the written questionnaires indicated that: ■■ The City should increase code enforcement activities to ensure safety and livability. ■■ There is significant demand for affordable senior housing, especially in the form of low maintenance apartments. ■■ Workforce and special needs housing should be a high priority for future development projects. ■■ The City should maintain low building heights and preserve the existing community character and views. The City prepared and provided several handouts at the Forum: ■■ Bilingual questionnaire (English & Spanish) ■■ Question and answer handout entitled “What is a Housing Element?” ■■ A comment form City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page 1-7 ■■ 8.5” x 11” copies of the PowerPoint presentation and display boards A PowerPoint slide presentation was prepared that focused on the City’s characteristics and how the Housing Element should respond to provide adequate housing for all residents and income levels. Several residents completed questionnaires and comment forms at the Forum and submitted them to staff. In addition, all of these materials were available on the City of La Quinta Planning Department website throughout the remainder of the update process so that further comments could be obtained. Appendix B provides compressed versions of these materials. Public and stakeholder input directed the creation of several programs including those that expand pedestrian-oriented mixed-use housing opportunities, monitor the condition of the housing stock, and facilitate special needs housing in La Quinta. State Review and Public Hearings The Draft Housing Element was circulated to the general public for review and comment in March 2009, with a focused mailing to those organizations interviewed and those that participated in the forum. The Draft Element was then submitted to the California Department of Housing and Community Development (HCD) for review and certification. The City has received and responded to review comments from HCD, including several conversations to clarify the City’s approach and to address the concerns expressed by HCD. Finally, once the document has been certified by HCD, the Housing Element Update will involve a publicly noticed public hearing before both the Planning Commission and City Council, with the documents available for public review at City Hall and on the City’s website. Introduction Page 1-8 December 2010 This page intentionally left blank. City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page 2-1 2.0 HOUSING VISION STATE MENT A Housing Vision Statement was developed based on the key housing issues and through cooperation of the citizens and elected officials of the City of La Quinta. The housing policies and programs included in this Housing Element are designed to bring this vision to fruition. “The City of La Quinta’s vision of the future for housing focuses on encouraging the provision of suitable housing for all City residents while maintaining and enhancing the City’s high quality of life for its residents. Through its housing programs, the City will facilitate the maintenance and improvement of its existing housing stock resources, and encourage the production of a variety of new housing to meet residents’ needs, while preserving the overall character of the City.” Housing Vision Statement Page 2-2 December 2010 This page intentionally left blank. City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page 3-1 3.0 COMMUNITY PROFILE The housing needs of the City are determined by characteristics of the population (age, household size, employment, and ethnicity) and the characteristics of housing available to that population (i.e., number of units, tenure, size, cost, etc.). This section explores the characteristics of the existing and projected population and housing stock in order to identify potentially unmet housing needs in La Quinta. This information provides direction in updating the City’s Housing Element goals, policies, and programs. 3.1 Population The City of La Quinta is one of nine cities in the Coachella Valley subregion of Riverside County. The Coachella Valley includes the cities of Cathedral City, Coachella, Desert Hot Springs, Indian Wells, lndio, La Quinta, Palm Desert, Palm Springs, and Rancho Mirage, as well as large areas of unincorporated Riverside County. La Quinta ranks high in population growth among California’s 471 cities. During the 1990s, the population of La Quinta grew by 111.3 percent, making it the fastest growing city in the Coachella Valley (see Table H-1). The number of residents in the City increased from 11,215 to 23,694 between 1990 and 2000. The population further increased to 41,092 by 2007, a smaller but still significant increase of 73.4 percent. During the 1990s, the population of incorporated areas of the Coachella Valley increased 40.3 percent, from 182,348 in 1990, to 255,790 by 2000. From 2000 to 2007 the area grew from 255,788 to 350,879, a 37.2 percent increase. La Quinta’s share of the incorporated Valley population increased from 6.2 percent in 1990, to 9.3 percent in 2000, and finally to 11.7 percent in 2007. The County of Riverside experienced significant population growth as well, increasing from 1,110,021 in 1990 to 1,545,387 in 2000, a 39.2 percent increase. From 2000 to 2007 the population increased by 35.1 percent. La Quinta’s permanent population is estimated at 31,641 persons in 2007, with a seasonal population of 9,451, based on a City-sponsored market analysis. The Southern California Association of Governments (SCAG) has also developed demographic forecasts. With a 2030 population estimate of 56,866, the SCAG forecasts indicate that the City is expected to continue to grow at a healthy rate, with an anticipated increase of almost 40 percent between 2007 and 2030. The absolute increase in population for cities in the Coachella Valley (see Table H-2) provides another perspective for analysis when size is taken into consideration. For example, Indio grew by the greatest number of people from 2000 to 2007, with an increase of approximately 28,030 people. La Quinta Community Profile Page 3-2 December 2010 experienced the second largest numerical increase, with an added population of 17,398. Notably, population in the unincorporated areas of the Coachella Valley, comprising numerous locations scattered throughout the Valley, also experienced growth during the 2000s, although at a slower pace than the incorporated cities. TABLE H-1 Population Growth City/Region 1990 2000 Census 2007 DOF 1990–2000 2000–2007 % # % # La Quinta 11,215 23,694 111.3 12,479 41,092 73.4 17,398 Coachella Valley 177,670 255,788 44.0 78,118 350,879 37.2 95,091 Riverside County 1,110,021 1,545,387 39.2 435,366 2,031,625 31.5 486,238 Source: 1990 and 2000 Census; DOF 2007 TABLE H-2 Population Growth In Coachella Valley Cities City 1990 2000 Census 2007 DOF Change 1990–2000 Change 2000–2007 % # % # Cathedral City 30,085 42,647 41.8 12,562 52,115 22.2 9,468 Coachella 16,896 22,724 34.5 5,828 38,486 69.4 15,762 Desert Hot Springs 11,668 16,582 42.1 4,914 23,544 42.0 6,962 Indian Wells 2,480 3,816 53.9 1,336 4,942 29.5 1,126 Indio 36,793 49,116 33.5 12,323 77,146 57.1 28,030 La Quinta 11,215 23,694 111.3 12,479 41,092 73.4 17,398 Palm Desert 23,252 41,155 77.0 17,903 49,752 20.9 8,597 Palm Springs 40,181 42,807 6.5 2,626 46,858 9.5 4,051 Rancho Mirage 9,778 13,249 35.5 3,471 16,944 27.9 3,695 Total 182,348 255,790 40.3 73,442 350,879 37.2 95,089 Source: 1990 and 2000 Census; DOF 2007 Seasonal Population The seasonal or part time resident population is not included in the population estimates compiled by the Census Bureau because people are classified according to the location of their primary residence. The California Department of Finance (DOF) provides a yearly estimate of total built housing units and an estimate of the number of vacant units. In resort communities like La Quinta, the number of vacant units reflects the number of units that are not occupied City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page 3-3 year round, as well as those that are ready for year round occupancy but as yet have not been inhabited. According to the DOF, the vacancy rate for La Quinta has remained constant at 28.5 percent from 2000 to 2007. From the DOF data, it is estimated that the City’s seasonal population grew from approximately 6,753 in 2000 to 9,451 in 2007. In 2007 this translates into approximately 3,321 households that live seasonally in La Quinta, but have a primary residence elsewhere. 3.2 Age Composition Table H-3, Age Distribution, shows the change in age groups from 1990 to 2000. In 2000, children (ages 0–17) comprised 29 percent of the population, adults (ages 18–64) represented 57 percent and senior citizens (ages 65 and over) made up 14 percent. In 2000, the median age in La Quinta was 36.4 years, several years older than Riverside County and the State of California averages of 33.1 and 33.3 years respectively. The abundance of recreation amenities in La Quinta and the dry, sunny weather help attract seniors to the community. Table H-3 indicates that the rate of growth in each of the age groups remained fairly constant over the period from 1990 to 2000, with the growth in the 65+ age category showing a slight increase compared to 1990. This trend differs from the rest of the Coachella Valley, where between 1990 and 2000 the rate of residents under the age of 18 grew much faster than the rate of residents above the age of 65. TABLE H-3 Age Distribution Year 0–17 % 18–65 % 65+ % Total 1990 3,355 30 6,787 61 1,073 10 11,215 2000 6,905 29 13,616 57 3,173 13 23,694 Source: 1990 and 2000 Census 3.3 Race and Ethnicity The US Census provides statistics regarding the race and ethnicity of a city’s population. Although the number of minority residents in La Quinta increased between 1990 and 2000, the City is primarily made up of persons classified as “White, not of Hispanic Origin” (see Table H-4). Mirroring a broader trend in the Coachella Valley, La Quinta has seen an increase in their population of Hispanic residents. In Coachella Valley, the Community Profile Page 3-4 December 2010 proportion of Hispanic residents increased from about 38 percent in 1990 to 44 percent in 2000; in La Quinta, the 1990 Hispanic population was 26 percent of the total population, increasing to approximately 32 percent by 2000. Table H-4 highlights the ethnic distribution of the population for 1990 and 2000. In 2000 slightly over one-third of the City’s total population was minorities, comparable to less than a third in 1990, and just over one-fifth in 1980. Hispanic residents, 7,486 people, are approximately 86 percent of the minority population in La Quinta. Most significantly, the number of Hispanic residents in La Quinta tripled from 1980 to 1990, and then doubled again from 1990 to 2000. La Quinta is becoming a more ethnically diverse community. TABLE H-4 1980–2000 Ethnic Background of Population Ethnic Group 1980 1990 % Change 1980–1990 2000 % Change 1990–2001 % Change 1980–2001 # % # % # % Caucasian 4,683 78.9 7,804 69.6 -9.3 14,944 63.2 -6.4 -15.7 Hispanic 1,097 18.5 2,944 26.3 +7.8 7,486 31.6 +5.3 +13.1 African American 76 1.2 180 1.6 +0.4 226 1.0 -0.6 -0.2 Native American 26 0.4 117 1.0 +0.6 37 0.1 -0.9 -0.3 Asian/Pacific Islander 57 1.0 170 1.5 +0.5 535 2.3 +0.8 +1.3 Other N/A N/A N/A 426 1.9 N/A N/A To tal 5,939 100.0 11,215 100.0 ---- 23,654 100.0 ---- --- Source: 1980, 1990, and 2000 Census; Coachella Valley Association of Governments Note: Population numbers may seem distorted because the US Census does not consider Hispanic ancestry to be a race. For this reason, some Hispanics choose to list themselves under other races. 1 % change presented in terms of proportional representation in the population, not of numerical increase 3.4 Employment The economy of the Coachella Valley was traditionally agriculture-driven, but agriculture is steadily being replaced by tourism and residential uses. Although employment patterns typically induce housing demand, the regional economy of the Coachella Valley differs from most parts of the state. Here, employment is created by housing demand, manifested in the construction and staffing of resorts and second homes. Tourist and resort development are leading indicators to predict employment and housing demand. Although a tourist economy is seasonal, in the Coachella Valley it is generally stable and does not suffer the severe effects of recessions as do other regions dependent on manufacturing and consumer related goods. And with the benefit of desert weather, the resorts in the La Quinta area are increasingly operating year round. There is, however, some seasonal fluctuation in the labor market, which can further compound the problem of economic stability in the lower income City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page 3-5 sectors of the labor force, affecting their ability to sustain themselves in the off season (summer) months. In 2007 the civilian labor force comprised 15,300 persons, of whom 14,900 were employed. The unemployment rate was 2.6 percent. Table H-5 shows the types of employment by industry held by La Quinta residents in 2000. The majority of jobs held by La Quinta residents were in service industries, followed by retail trade, finance/real estate, and professional industries. Many La Quinta residents work in other communities, and many residents from other cities work in La Quinta. An estimated at 2,046 (approximately 19 percent of the total resident work force) both live and work in La Quinta. Most employment opportunities in and around the City are related to the provision of services. Table H-6 shows the major employers for the community area, defined by the La Quinta Chamber of Commerce as including La Quinta, Indian Wells, Palm Desert, and Indio. The largest employers are in the nonmanufacturing economy and are directly related to the provision of services, including public service, big box retail, and recreational and resort activities. In 2008 the City surveyed its major commercial and hospitality facilities to identify major employers in the city limits. The largest employers surveyed were Desert Sands Unified School District, La Quinta Resort and Club, Wal-Mart, Costco, and PGA West Golf Resort. TABLE H-5 Employment by Industry Industry Employed Persons % of Employed Persons Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Mining 106 1.0 Arts, Recreation, Accommodation and Food Service 2,033 19.6 Construction 889 8.6 Manufacturing 543 5.2 Transportation 191 1.0 Communication/Utilities 78 0.7 Wholesale Trade 207 2.0 Retail Trade 1,165 11.3 Finance/Real Estate 1,018 9.8 Professional and Administrative 1,006 9.7 Health, Educational, Information, Social and Other Services 2,554 24.7 Public Administration 557 5.4 Total 10,347 99.0 Source: 2000 Census Civilian Employed Population Universe Community Profile Page 3-6 December 2010 TABLE H-6 Major Employers La Quinta Community Area Name of Employer Employed Persons Description Manufacturing Employment Granite Construction Co. 400 Construction Paladar Manufacturing 200 Musical instrument strings DiMare Company 100 Farm produce Meredith & Simpson Const. Co. 100 Construction Sullivan‘s Shutter Factory 100 Window shutters Taymar Plastics, Inc. 45 Plastic parts Menage, Inc. 40 Furniture Non-Manufacturing Employment Desert Sands Unified School District 2,184 Public school system La Quinta Resort & Club 1,600 Resort hotel Wal-Mart Super Center 800 Retail Rancho La Quinta 700 Golf resort PGA West Club 500 Golf resort Home Depot 240 Home improvement Imperial Irrigation District 200 Utility company Lowe‘s Home Improvement 150 Home improvement Stater Bros. 150 Supermarket Tradition Golf Club 100 Golf resort The Quarry 91 Golf resort Thane Marketing International 90 Infomercial company Ralphs 88 Supermarket Source: City of La Quinta and the La Quinta Chamber of Commerce 2004 Community area defined as the cities of La Quinta, Indian Wells, Palm Desert, and Indio. 3.5 General Income Characteristics The median household income of La Quinta in 2000 was $54,552, which was significantly higher than the Riverside County median household income of $42,887. Since 2000, the median income for residents in has increased, with the 2004 median family income reported as $54,300 for the County of Riverside and $62,500 for the City of La Quinta. For 2008, the US Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) reported the median family income for the County of Riverside as $62,000. Although data on median income for the City of La Quinta is not available for 2008, it is generally assumed that the income trends for the City mirror those seen in 2004. Household income estimates (2000) by total households are found in Table H-7. Although the census classifications for income are not the same as the household income categories used by the State of California in housing affordability analyses, general comparisons can be made. City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page 3-7 Five household income categories are used by the State of California for housing affordability analysis based on the area median income (AMI): extremely low (30 percent or less of the area median income) very low (31 to 50 percent of the AMI), low (51 to 80 percent of the AMI), moderate (81 to 120 percent of the AMI), and above moderate (more than 120 percent of the AMI). This method is consistent with definitions of lower and moderate income households used in various federal and state housing programs, such as Housing Choice Voucher (formerly Section 8) and state density bonus laws. Table H-8 identifies the actual income limits for the five income categories and median income based on the HUD 1999 and 2008 median income of $47,200 and $62,000, respectively, for a family of four in Riverside County. The 2008 HUD income limits, also shown in Table H-8, are used in later sections to evaluate affordability of current housing prices and rents. Table H-9 estimates the distribution of extremely low, very low, low, moderate, and above moderate incomes in the City of La Quinta based on 2000 Comprehensive Housing Affordability Strategy (CHAS) and 2000 Census data. As shown in Table H-9, the above moderate income households constitute the largest grouping, accounting for 54.7 percent of all households. Approximately 19.0 percent of the households in the City are moderate income households, with 12.9 percent classified as Low, 8.5 percent as very low, and the remaining 4.8 percent as extremely low income households. According to the 2000 CHAS, approximately 36 percent of very low income households are actually extremely low income households. TABLE H-7 2000 Household Income Estimates Income Category Households % of Households $0 - 14,999 563 6.7% $15,000 - 29,999 1,363 16.2% $30,000 - 44,999 1,405 16.7% $45,000 - 59,999 1,396 16.6% $60,000 - 74,999 884 10.5% $75,000 + 2,782 33.1% Total 8,393 100.0% Median Income $54,552 Source: 2000 Census Community Profile Page 3-8 December 2010 TABLE H-8 Income Limits by Household Size, 1999 And 2008 Household Size 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1999 Extremely Low Income $9,900 $11,340 $12,750 $14,160 $15,300 $16,440 $17,550 $18,690 Very Low Income $16,500 $18,900 $21,250 $23,600 $25,500 $27,400 $29,250 $31,150 Low Income $26,450 $30,200 $34,000 $37,750 $40,800 $43,800 $46,800 $49,850 Moderate Income $39,650 $45,310 $50,980 $56,640 $61,180 $65,700 $70,240 $74,760 Median Income $33,000 $37,800 $42,500 $47,200 $51,000 $54,800 $58,500 $62,300 2008 Extremely Low Income $14,000 $16,000 $18,000 $20,000 $21,600 $23,200 $24,800 $26,400 Very Low Income $23,300 $26,650 $29,950 $33,300 $35,950 $38,650 $41,300 $43,950 Low Income $37,300 $42,650 $47,950 $53,300 $57,550 $61,850 $66,100 $70,350 Moderate Income $52,100 $59,500 $67,000 $74,400 $80,400 $86,300 $92,300 $98,200 Median Income $49,700 $56,800 $63,900 $71,000 $76,700 $82,400 $88,000 $93,700 Source: HCD 1999 and 2008 TABLE H-9 Households by Income Category, 2000 Income for Family of 4 Number of Households Percentage of Total Extremely Low 405 4.8 Very Low 713 8.5 Low 1,085 12.9 Moderate 1,595 19.0 Above Moderate 4,595 54.7 Total 8,393 100.0 Source: CHAS 2000; 2000 Census The 2000 Census reports that 1,847 persons, 7.8 percent of the total population in the City, were below the poverty threshold. Of these, almost 92 percent were below the age of 65, of which over half were married couples. In terms of family status, approximately 5 percent of families (330 families) were reported as impoverished. Of these, 65 percent were married couple families, 25 percent were female headed households, and 10 percent were male headed households. Approximately one quarter (26.2 percent) of La Quinta households earn 50 percent or less of the AMI. This indicates that there is a significant need for housing affordable to lower income households. Lower income households may require housing with rents or payments significantly lower than payments associated with market rate housing. Often, payment assistance is needed from local, state, or federal programs to assist these households in affording adequate housing. The City’s plan to assist lower and moderate income households is described in Section 9 of the Housing Element. City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page 4-1 4.0 HOUSING PROFILE This section provides an overview of La Quinta’s existing housing stock. Since the establishment of the La Quinta Hotel in 1926, La Quinta has been considered to be a world class resort and has been a favored location for vacation and retirement homes. Generally, single family residences were constructed on an individual basis from the 1950s until the La Quinta Country Club area was developed in the 1960s. In 1975 a brief building boom began due to speculation. Recessions in the 1980s and early 1990s resulted in an oversupply of housing and little construction in the City. Since these recessions, a rebound occurred beginning in the late 1990s. As a result the City has seen a rapid increase in residential development of all types, but predominantly single-family units. The PGA West development has garnished national and worldwide attention with its prestigious golf tournaments and its unique and challenging golf courses. The prestige given to La Quinta by its renowned resorts has, subsequently, fueled the demand for move-up and second unit housing, particularly in master planned communities. There are many projects either in the planning stages or under construction that will continue the pattern of master planned communities clustered around recreation amenities. In many of these communities second units and guest houses (typically used to house guests, extended family members, and service workers) are processed concurrently with the primary unit. While new single-family detached and attached homes are entitled and waiting to be built, the bust of subprime lending practices in the mid 2000s has resulted in a steep decline in home values, rapid increase in foreclosures, and a decrease in the number of households eligible to enter the ownership housing market. Several projects under construction in 2007 and 2008 are on hold indefinitely. 4.1 Housing Characteristics Between 2000 and January 1, 2007, the number of housing units in the City increased by 8,364 units from 11,812 to 20,716 units. This change represents a 70.8 percent increase (see Table H-10). There are three basic types of housing units for which data is presented in Table H-11: single family units, which include both detached and attached units; multifamily units, which include apartments, duplexes, triplexes and fourplexes; and mobile homes. The pre-dominant type of dwelling unit in the City of La Quinta continues to be single family. Based on DOF records, the construction of single-family homes has continued to rise over the years. Single-family detached units comprised 82.0 percent (16,541 units) of the total housing stock in 2007, while single-family attached Community Profile Page 4-2 December 2010 units constituted 8.8 percent (1,789 units). Together, detached and attached single-family homes comprised 90.9 percent of all units in the City. The number of multifamily units in the City more than doubled from 2000 to 2007, although multifamily units continue to represent less than 8 percent of the total housing stock. The rate of development activity in the City has varied over the years, as shown in Table H-12. The numbers in Table H-12 are based upon the number of building permits issued, as compared to a units built to date. Therefore, the number of units reported is greater than that as reported by DOF for a similar time period. The annual growth rate for development activity hit a high of 24.7 percent in 1988 and a low of 3.7 percent in 1991. Growth rates accelerated in the late 1990s and have remained around 5 to 9 percent, although a slight decline is expected in the coming years as the ownership housing market softens due to the subprime lending crisis. As of 2007, construction is proceeding on many new developments in the City, which will provide a number of price and product type options for buyers, ranging from start-up condominiums to executive homes with golf course views. TABLE H-10 Total Housing Stock 2000 to 2007 2000 2007 Change 2000–2007 % # California 12,214,549 13,312,456 +9.0 +1,097,907 Riverside County 584,674 753,797 +28.9 +169,123 La Quinta 11,812 20,176 +70.8 +8,364 Source: 2000 Census; DOF 2007 TABLE H-11 Total Dwelling Units by Type of Structure 2000 to 2007 Building Type 2000 2007 Change 2000–2007 Units % of Total Units % of Total % # Single-Family 10,788 91.3 18,330 90.9 +69.9 +7,542 Multifamily 765 6.5 1,589 7.9 +107.7 +824 Mobile Homes 1 259 2.2 257 1.3 –0.8 –2 Total Dwelling Units 11,812 100.0 20,176 100.0 +70.8 +8,364 Source: DOF 2007 1 In 2006 a mobile home park was converted to an affordable housing project; the mobile homes are not included in the demolished category. The residents of the 92 mobile homes were compensated and relocated. City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page 4-3 TABLE H-12 Historic Record of Housing Development Year Single- Family Detached Single- Family Attached (Condos) Multi- family (Apts) Mobile Homes Demo Annual Total Sum Total Annual growth (%) Pre-1983 1,415 374 168 0 ---- N/A 1,957 N/A 1983 20 227 10 226 ---- 483 2,440 24.7 1984 82 202 2 ---- ---- 286 2,726 11.7 1985 74 307 0 ---- ---- 381 3,107 14.0 1986 158 237 3 ---- ---- 398 3,505 9.7 1987 143 123 0 ---- ---- 266 3,771 5.9 1988 467 712 0 ---- ---- 1,179 4,950 24.7 1989 587 142 0 ---- –6 723 5,673 12.2 1990 707 371 0 ---- –4 1,074 6,747 16.1 1991 282 4 0 ---- ---- 286 7,033 3.7 1992 283 32 0 ---- ---- 315 7,348 3.9 1993 312 12 0 ---- ---- 324 7,672 3.9 1994 474 24 0 ---- ---- 498 8,170 5.7 1995 380 28 91 ---- ---- 499 8,669 5.4 1996 462 24 116 ---- ---- 602 9,271 6.2 1997 466 28 1 ---- –1 494 9,765 4.8 1998 870 34 0 ---- –2 902 10,667 8.4 1999 1,171 20 0 ---- –4 1,187 11,854 10.2 2000 1,274 58 200 ---- ---- 1,532 13,386 11.9 2001 898 4 0 ---- –11 891 14,277 6.2 2002 570 87 117 ---- –13 761 15,038 5.0 2003 1,030 78 280 ---- –10 1,378 16,416 9.2 2004 1,293 111 14 ---- –21 1,397 17,813 8.5 2005 1,242 206 151 ---- –12 1,587 19,400 8.9 2006 719 148 327 ----- –61 1,188 20,588 6.2 2007 448 ---- ---- ----- –3 445 21,033 2.2 Source: City of La Quinta Historic Record of Housing Development, 2007; City of La Quinta Monthly Building Permit Log, 2007 1 In 2006 a mobile home park was converted to an affordable housing project; the mobile homes are not included in the demolished category. The residents of the 92 mobile homes were compensated and relocated. A significant factor affecting the number of available units throughout most communities in the Coachella Valley is the fact that many housing units are held off the market for use either as short term vacation rentals or as second homes. In a number of communities (Palm Springs, Palm Desert, Rancho Mirage and Indian Wells), the actual number of housing units compared with the number of occupied units would indicate a significantly higher vacancy rate, approaching 50 to 60 percent. Statistics available from DOF as of January 1, 2007, indicate that the vacancy rate in La Quinta is 28.5 percent, reflecting the seasonal resort character of the City. This number is much lower than the 38.8 percent reported throughout much of the 1990s, indicating a shift to more permanent occupancy. Community Profile Page 4-4 December 2010 The composition of the majority of existing and new housing remains primarily single-family units, including the development of resort condominiums or other attached single-family ownership dwellings, which are used as seasonal homes. Second and seasonal homes do not contribute to the stock of available units for meeting housing needs for lower income households. However, in older, more established neighborhoods, the seasonal factor may be dwindling. At least two factors are contributing to this trend: 1. As the population ages, families who bought property as a vacation or second home have moved to the Valley as their full time retirement home; 2. An increasing number of permanent, full time residents in the Valley are also competing for these units. These middle and upper middle income families desire the same amenities that second home purchasers want; and therefore, full time residents are purchasing these homes. Both of these trends are expected to continue. Clearly, what appears to be a surplus of second homes is not a significant resource for lower income families in need of housing. 4.2 Household Characteristics Before current housing problems can be understood and future needs anticipated, housing occupancy characteristics need to be identified in the City. The following is an analysis of household size, household growth, tenure, and vacancy trends. By definition, a “household” consists of all the people occupying a dwelling unit, whether or not they are related. A single person living in an apartment is a household, just as a couple with two children living in the same dwelling unit is considered a household. Households and Household Size Between 2000 and 2007, La Quinta households grew at a rate more than twice that of Riverside County, as shown in Table H-13. The total number of households in the City in 2007 was 14,425, which represents a net increase of 5,980 households since 2000. Table H-14 shows the number of households in La Quinta by household size. During the last few decades there has been an increase in the household size in the City of La Quinta, as well as generally throughout Riverside County. Household size is important, as the City uses the average household size to plan for most public improvements and services and to project population. The 2000 Census estimates the number of persons per household at 2.79, and January 1, 2007, DOF estimates show a slight increase, at 2.85 persons per household. These figures approximate the persons per household figure used to City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page 4-5 calculate buildout in the La Quinta General Plan, which takes into account the effect of seasonal population on the calculation of household size. The slight increase in household size over the period may reflect several things, including La Quinta’s changing demographic composition, its increasing attractiveness as a desirable place to live for families with children, and its historic attractiveness as a retirement and resort community. TABLE H-13 Total Households, 2000 and 2007 Jurisdiction 2000 2007 # Increase % Increase County of Riverside 506,218 653,123 146,905 29 City of La Quinta 8,445 14,425 5,980 71 Source: 2000 Census; DOF 2007 TABLE H-14 Household Size, 2000 and 2007 Household Size 2000 2007 Number Percent Number Percent 1 Person 1,426 16.9 2,433 16.9 2 Person 3,304 39.1 5,637 39.1 3–4 Person 2,556 30.2 4,361 30.2 5+ Person 1,169 13.8 1,994 13.8 Total Households 8,455 14,425 Average Household Size 2.79 2.85 Source: 2000 Census; DOF 2007 Note: Total number of households and average household size obtained from DOF and distribution extrapolated based on 2000 Census figures. Housing Tenure The number of owner occupied housing units in the City has not fluctuated much during the last decade. The percentage of owner occupied units in La Quinta is typically higher than those of California and Riverside County. In 1990, La Quinta owners occupied 72 percent of total units in the City, compared to 53.8 and 60.0 percent state- and county-wide, respectively. In 1997, 55.7 percent of all housing units in the state were owner occupied, while 60.9 percent of all units in the County were owner-occupied. Data from the 2000 Census shows an increase in the proportion of owners to renters among the permanent residents of the City. As shown in Table H-15, the number of owner occupied units increased from 72 percent in 1990 to 81.5 percent (6,879 units) in 2000. The decrease in the proportion of renter occupied housing units in La Quinta from 28 percent of occupied units in 1990 to 18.5 percent (1,566 units) in 2000 reflects that most of the new and proposed development consists of single-family or attached ownership units. Community Profile Page 4-6 December 2010 With high demand for amenity-rich and luxury single-family homes in La Quinta, the potential for housing affordable to lower income households is largely relegated to the rental market. Vacancy The vacancy rate is a measure of the general availability of housing. It also indicates how well the types of units available meet the current housing market demand. A low vacancy rate suggests that households may have difficulty finding housing within their price range; a high vacancy rate may indicate either the existence of a high number of units undesirable for occupancy or a simple oversupply of housing units. La Quinta’s reported vacancy rate remained fairly steady during the 1990s at around 38.8 percent. The 2000 Census reported that the total vacancy rate had dropped to approximately 28.5 percent, a trend that continues through to today (2007). These vacancy rates reflect the City’s resort character and a shifting of home buying trends to a more permanent occupancy. The breakdown of vacant units in 2000 is shown in Table H-15. Of the 3,367 vacant units in 2000, 77 were available for rent, 288 were available for sale, and 120 had been rented or sold and were awaiting occupancy. The remaining 75 percent of vacant units (2,534 units) were counted as seasonal or second homes. Adjusting for seasonal variance, therefore, the actual vacancy rate was 4 percent for ownership housing and 5 percent rental housing. Both of these rates are considered healthy. The availability of vacant housing units provides households with choices of different unit types to accommodate changing needs (e.g., single persons, newly married couples and elderly households typically need smaller units than households with school-age children). Conversely, a low vacancy rate may serve to damper market rents and prices, as it may limit the choices of households in finding adequate housing. Vacancy rates can be related to overcrowding, as discussed in later sections. City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page 4-7 TABLE H-15 Housing Tenure and Vacancy Tenure 2000 Percentage Total Units Total Units 11,812 100.0 Occupied 8,455 71.6 Vacant 3,367 28.5 Ownership Units Total Ownership Units 7,167 100.0 Occupied 6,879 96.0 Vacant 288 4.0 Rental Units Total Rental Units 1,566 100.0 Occupied 1,489 95.1 Vacant 77 4.9 Seasonal/Other Units Total Seasonal Recreational Use 2,534 -- Rented or Sold, not occupied 120 -- Other Vacant 348 -- Source: 2000 Census 4.3 Age and Condition of Housing Housing age is a factor for determining the need for rehabilitation. Without proper maintenance, housing units deteriorate over time. Also, older houses may not be built to current housing standards for fire and earthquake safety. Approximately 76 percent of the housing stock in the City of La Quinta has been built since 1990, and about 44 percent of the current stock has been constructed since 2000 (see Table H-16). Less than 4 percent was constructed prior to 1970, suggesting that the vacancy rates in La Quinta have not necessarily been precipitated by older, dilapidated, or otherwise undesirable units. The oldest homes in the City are found in the Cove neighborhood. Of the older single family homes, many are well maintained and are mostly occupied by long term residents. A small proportion of older homes have not been well- maintained. These homes are typically smaller than new homes in the City; some less than 1,000 square feet. As land values increase, it will become economically viable to replace or rehabilitate some of these structures. These homes are primarily in the Cove area and behind City Hall. Outside of the Cove area, the homes are generally newer. Many new units in these other areas are custom homes in gated communities and are maintained by their owners in accordance with the requirements of a home owners association. Community Profile Page 4-8 December 2010 TABLE H-16 Age of Housing Stock in La Quinta Year Built Total Percentage 2000–2007 1 9,089 44 1995–1999 3,684 18 1990–1994 2,773 14 1980–1989 2,690 13 1970–1979 1,524 7 1960–1969 416 2 1950–1959 156 1 1940–1949 47 <1 Before 1940 57 <1 Total Stock 2 20,436 100 Source: 2000 Census; City of La Quinta Residential Status Report, August 2007 1 2007 figures represent units as of August 2007. 2 Discrepancy among various ―total stock‖ estimates can be attributed to different methodologies employed by various reporting agencies. 2000 Census and January 2007 DOF estimates are lower than City of La Quinta‘s Residential Status Report, which is accurate as of August 2007. Housing is considered substandard when conditions are found to be below the minimum standards of living defined by Section 1001 of the Uniform Housing Code. Households living in substandard conditions are considered as being in need of housing assistance even if they are not seeking alternative housing arrangements. The majority of the substandard units and the units needing replacement are in the Cove area and near City Hall, east of Washington Street and north of Avenue 52. Many of the housing units in the Cove area are more than 30 years old. After 30 years homes generally require major rehabilitation, such as a new roof or updated plumbing. Housing Conditions Survey Methodology A citywide survey of the housing stock was conducted in November 2007 to make observations of housing conditions. Some older areas of the City that are known to have particular housing problems include the Cove, Desert Club tracts, Cameo Palms, and Westward Ho neighborhoods. The survey addressed five housing characteristics: 1. Structural, such as walls, beams, supports, and columns. 2. Doors and windows, including soffits, overhangs, and entries. City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page 4-9 3. Paint and cosmetics, looking for fading, cracking, or chipping of paint, stucco, plant-ons, and trim or fascia. 4. Roofing, looking for missing or broken tiles or shingles, sagging or bowing, or eave damage. 5. Streetscape, including landscape, graffiti, and refuse. The survey measured each characteristic for each home based on a four-point scale: minor deterioration (one point), moderate deterioration (two points), substantial deterioration (three points), and dilapidated conditions (four points). The values assigned for the five characteristics were summed for each home and divided to create an average score. Homes receiving an average score of less than 1.0 were classified as units that have simply deferred maintenance. When a home averaged a score of 1.0–1.5, the home was identified as in need of minor rehabilitation. If the average score reached 1.6–2.5, the home was identified as in need or moderate rehabilitation. Finally, any home that received an average score of 2.6 or higher was identified as in need of substantial rehabilitation. Housing Conditions Survey Results The majority of units surveyed were found to be in good condition, with little or no observation of deferred maintenance or need for repairs. The survey showed that approximately 1,470 units in the City (approximately 7 percent of the housing stock) exhibited the need for maintenance activities or structural repair. Deferred Maintenance Almost all of the units identified in the survey, 1,408 units, were assigned an overall score of less than 1.0 and are classified as deferred maintenance. The buildings under this classification do not display major structural deficiencies, but include characteristics that do require attention. In general, these units exhibited only minor deterioration for a couple of characteristics. For example, some painting or minor repairs to the fascia, trim, windows, garage, and front doors may be needed. The surface material or rock/pebble protective covering of the roof may need attention. Most frequently cited are cases where the aggregate/pebbles have been stripped or worn off, and the black asphalt/tarred sheet rock underlayment is exposed. Units displaying warped garage doors that do not close all the way, peeling paint on wood siding, and unpainted or major discoloration of patches of stucco are also included in this classification. Units in the deferred maintenance category may also reflect the need for fence repair or paint; the complete lack of landscaping, where the yard consists of Community Profile Page 4-10 December 2010 dirt, weeds, dead plants, or rusting metal of unknown sources; and neglect of portions of the yard or exterior structures (such as shade overhangs, porticos or fences). Other circumstances that contribute toward the deferred maintenance ranking include the use of the front/side yards for unstructured/unorganized/ unshielded storage of vehicles, old tools, old machinery, propane tanks, broken doors, windows, furniture, and other types of clutter; and the storage of campers or camper shells in the front yard rather than the driveway. In some cases these camper units appeared to be occupied. These characteristics do not, for the most part, compromise the structural integrity of the housing unit. However, they can lead to more serious physical deterioration and contribute to an overall atmosphere of neighborhood neglect and disrepair (“blight”). In some cases, units exhibit several substandard physical conditions concurrently, (such as need for window repair, stucco patching, and replacement of garage doors), but don’t exhibit yard maintenance deferral. These units are technically indistinguishable from those units in the minor rehabilitation category. If a unit in the deferred maintenance category reveals the existence of three or more physical conditions, it is worth considering for minor rehabilitation. Other characteristics not specifically ranked may also warrant minor rehabilitation. Minor Rehabilitation There were 36 units that received an average score of 1.0–1.5 and were classified as minor rehabilitation. A total of 30 of these units were in the Cove area. This classification reflects the presence of three or more deferred maintenance items and/or the inclusion of one non-structural major deficiency. Most combinations of conditions showing need for minor rehabilitation included deferred yard/fence maintenance and paint or stucco repair. A unit exhibiting characteristics warranting a minor rehabilitation classification may not necessarily reflect the existence of a major deficiency. The majority of units in the minor rehabilitation category reflect the presence of numerous deferred maintenance conditions. These conditions may begin to physically deteriorate the unit, yet do not materially endanger the occupation of the unit, and are economically feasible to correct. Moderate Rehabilitation Of the 23 units classified as in need of moderate rehabilitation, 20 are in the Cove area. Receiving average scores of 1.6–2.5, these units distinguish themselves from those in need of minor rehabilitation by exhibiting conditions that may materially endanger the health, safety, or wellbeing of the occupant. These units, however, may be economically feasible to repair. Based upon survey observations, the structures in this Moderate Rehabilitation category are clearly in a deficient state. For the most part, four to five deferred City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page 4-11 maintenance deficiencies, more than one major deficiency, or a primary structural element needing major repair, were observed for units in the moderate rehabilitation category. The most prevalent characteristics observed in single-family units of this category were need for major roof repair, window replacement, or some slight structural or concrete repair. These characteristics are compounded by deferred maintenance items such as trim or garage doors lacking paint, deferred upkeep of landscaping and fencing, and roofs in need of patching. Many homeowners may not be aware of rehabilitation programs that can help them bring their home up to code. The City will list these resources on its website and may be able to provide financial assistance for home rehabilitation (Program 4.5 and 4.1, respectively). The County of Riverside also offers a home repair program, described in Program 4.4. Substantial Rehabilitation or Replacement The four housing units classified as substantial rehabilitation are units that, in their present state, materially endanger the health, safety and/or wellbeing of occupants in at least one respect. These units received an average score of 2.6 or greater and may not be economically feasible to repair. These units exhibit characteristics such as need for complete replacement of the roof structure, walls that will require reconstruction/replacement, major stucco and painting needs, partial foundation deterioration, and dilapidated yard/grounds and fences. In addition to structural deficiency, the lack of certain infrastructure and utilities often serves as an indicator of substandard conditions. According to the 2000 Census, there were 19 ownership units that lacked complete plumbing facilities and 34 units in the City that lacked complete kitchen facilities. Additionally, there were 15 units reliant on wood as the heating source, and 67 units with no source of heating. The City initiated a Residential Rehabilitation Assistance Program in 1997 and rehabilitated a total of 13 homes between 1997 and 2004. The program was discontinued in 2004 due to a lack of interest from property owners and contractors. 4.4 Rooms per Unit The City experienced tremendous growth during the late 1980s and 1990s. Table H-17 shows the number of bedrooms per unit, ranging from no bedroom (studios) to five or more bedrooms. Table H-17 also highlights the number of bedrooms per unit, in relationship to the total number of units for both 1990 and 2000. The single largest increase proportionally was in four-bedroom units, Community Profile Page 4-12 December 2010 which increased in proportion representation in the housing stock 9.9 percent from 1990 to 2000, with a numerical increase of over 300 percent. Conversely, the number of two-bedroom units decreased proportionally by 7.9 percent of the total housing stock from 25.8 percent in 1990 to 17.9 percent in 2000, although the actual number of units increased slightly. The smaller one bedroom units decreased in proportional representation by 2.1 percent, comprising only 3.2 percent of the total stock in 2000, with an increase of only 28 units over the 10-year period. Studios (zero bedrooms per unit) increased to represent 1.3 percent of the total stock and tripled numerically, but still numbered below 160 units. In both 1990 and 2000, three-bedroom units comprised 60 percent of the total, doubling in number between 1990 and 2000. The proportion of five-bedroom units also remained constant between 1990 and 2000, while doubling numerically. Table H-18 identifies the number of bedrooms in a dwelling unit by tenure in 2000. Three-bedroom units constituted the majority of housing stock (approximately 60 percent) for both owner and rental units. In ownership units, those with two, three, or four bedrooms made up 96 percent of units, while the same bedroom mix made up only 86 percent or rental units. As would be expected, rental units contained a much higher proportion of studios and one- bedroom units, providing housing for those who are young or do not earn enough to enter homeownership. An analysis of resale homes and new home product information indicates that the majority of units constructed from 2000 to 2007 are three- or four-bedroom units. The increase in three- and four-bedroom units corresponds to the slight increase in the percentage of larger households, which includes three to four person households and five- or more-person households. This indicates that the market is providing new housing opportunities for families with children. City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page 4-13 TABLE H-17 Bedrooms Per Unit, 1990–2000 Bedrooms Per Unit 1990 % of Total 2000 % of Total % Change 1 Studio (no bedroom) 57 0.9 159 1.3 0.4 1 347 5.3 375 3.2 –2.1 2 1,682 25.8 2,101 17.9 –7.9 3 3,911 60.0 7,013 60.0 0.0 4 487 7.5 2,044 17.4 9.9 5+ 36 0.6 71 0.6 0.0 Total 6,520 100.1 11,763 100.4 ---- Source: 1990 and 2000 Census 1 This category represents percent change in proportional terms. TABLE H-18 Bedrooms in Dwelling Unit by Tenure, 2000 Tenure Number Percentage Owner Occupied 6,914 100 Studio (no bedroom) 84 1 1 bedroom 127 2 2 bedrooms 1,093 16 3 bedrooms 4,174 60 4 bedrooms 1,398 20 5 or more bedrooms 38 1 Renter Occupied 1,541 100 Studio (no bedroom) 46 3 1 bedroom 167 1 2 bedrooms 295 19 3 bedrooms 914 59 4 bedrooms 110 7 5 or more bedrooms 9 1 Total 8,455 100 Studio (no bedroom) 130 2 1 bedroom 294 3 2 bedrooms 1,388 16 3 bedrooms 5,088 60 4 bedrooms 1,508 18 5 or more bedrooms 47 1 Source: 2000 Census Community Profile Page 4-14 December 2010 4.5 Housing Costs and Rents This section discusses resale pricing for existing housing, the pricing for new single family housing, and the average rental prices in the City. La Quinta’s for- sale and rental properties range from multimillion dollar estates to very low income subsidized units. The housing costs and rents information presented was obtained by contact with local realtors, City staff, periodicals, residential trends publications, and the 2000 Census. Data provided in 2007 and in previous years does not fully reflect the impact of the subprime lending crisis. According to DataQuick, the median home sale price in La Quinta decreased by 40.4 percent between October 2007 and October 2008. Resale Homes The average price for a resale home in the City varies, depending upon the type and location of the unit. As shown in Table H-19, in September 2007 approximately 17 percent of single-family detached homes and 21 percent of condominiums were listed at process under $300,000. Available condominiums have a wide price range depending on location, bedroom count, and amenities associated with the subdivision. Prices in this sample ranged from $200,000 to $748,000. Over the course of a year home resale prices decreased significantly. The downturn in the housing market has especially depressed the resale prices of single-family detached and condominium properties. In 2008 resale homes are primarily affordable to moderate and above moderate income households. However, some homes are now affordable to four-person households earning low incomes and good credit ratings. New Homes The sales prices for new single-family homes in 2007 ranged from a low of just below $400,000 to well over $1,000,000, (see Table H-20). It appeared that the majority of new construction in the City, consisting primarily of dwelling units of 1,800 square feet and above, was being developed in gate-guarded and/or planned resort communities that offer amenities such as golf, tennis, lakes, and clubhouses. The City continues to build affordable for-sale units in addition to affordable rental projects. Watercolors, a 149-unit project that opened in 2007, has a mixture of two- and three-bedroom units affordable to moderate income households (ages 55 and over). City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page 4-15 The recent housing market downturn has also depressed new home sales. A number of projects that are approved but not yet constructed have been stopped. The owners of undeveloped or unfinished residential projects may decide to sell the land or hold the land and restart construction during the next upswing in the housing market. Some new properties have been auctioned off and others are being sold back to financial institutions. Overall the housing market in La Quinta is more affordable than in previous years. TABLE H-19 Sample Resale Prices of Single-Family Homes and Condominiums Price Range Single-family Homes Condominiums Number Percent Number Percent $750,000– $3,500,000 176 37% 0 0% $500,000–$749,999 120 25% 21 38% $400,000– $499,999 54 11% 11 20% $350,000–$399,999 51 11% 11 20% $300,000–$349,999 24 5% 4 7% $250,000–$299,999 35 7% 4 7% $200,000–$249,999 12 3% 4 7% $150,000–$199,999 5 1% 0 0% $125,000–$149,999 2 0.4% 0 0% $75,000–$124,999 0 0.0% 0 0% $0–$74,999 1 0.2% 0 0% Total 480 100% 55 100 Source: LA Times Homescape Listing Service, September 2007 Community Profile Page 4-16 December 2010 TABLE H-20 Sample New Market Rate Housing Prices Development Type 1 Sales Price # of Bedrooms Square Foot Range PGA West/Stadium SFR $300,000–$3,000,000 2+ 1,549–2,846 PGA West Condo $200,000–$500,000 2-3 1,288–2,129 The Estancias at Rancho La Quinta SFR over $1,000,000 2 4,200–6,800 Twenty at the Citrus SFR over $1,000,000 3 3,198 The Estates at Point Happy Ranch SFR $700,000–$1,000,000 3 2,800–3,276 Griffin Ranch SFR $800,000‘s 3 3,000–3,700 Palo Verde SFR $700,000–$800,000 3-4 3,380–4,006 Watermark Condo low $500,000‘s–low $700,000‘s 1-2 1,446 Carmela at La Quinta SFR low $600,000‘s–low $700,000‘s 2-4 2,685–3,047 La Cantera SFR approximately $700,000 3-4 Rancho Santana SFR $599,900–$674,900 3-4 2,600–3,180 Capistrano at La Quinta SFR $589,900–$639,900 3-4 2,465–3,037 Westward Shadows SFR mid $600,000‘s 4 Codorniz SFR high $300,000‘s–mid $400,000‘s 2-4 1,250–1,572 Piazza Serena SFR $380,490–$470,490 3-4 2,690–3,066 La Quinta Desert Villas Condo $425,990–$435,990 2 1,223 Quail Run SFR $500,000–$605,990 2-3 2,742–3,338 Mountain View Country Club – The Villas Condo $614,975–$984,067 2-3 2,110–3,047 Mountain View Country Club – The Vistas SFR $1,250,975–$1,318,970 3 3,741–4,057 Source: Homescape.com ,September 21, 2007; Move.com, September 21, 2007; La Quinta Real Estate, September 26, 2007 1 SFR denotes single-family residence Rental Units As the price of market-rate housing has increased and become prohibitive to ownership for many households, combined with the challenge of acquiring sufficient funds for a down payment, many households in the City choose to rent. There are several existing traditional apartment complexes in the City, one Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) Platinum certified multifamily project, and several proposed multifamily projects that will provide affordable rental units. Rental properties in the northern portion of the City are more typically representative of vacation rentals. The existing housing stock provides a variety of rental choices in terms of price and tenant mix. Table H-21 provides a listing of advertised rents for a selection of single-family home, condominium, and apartment properties. New rental projects in La Quinta, particularly affordable projects, are incorporating more aspects of sustainable design and green building. A recent example is the Vista Dunes Courtyard Homes project, constructed in 2008, which provides 79 rental units affordable to very low income households and one unit affordable to a moderate income household. These units are able to accommodate individuals, single-parent households, and larger families as the City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page 4-17 project offers 14 one-bedroom, 38 two-bedroom, and 28 three-bedroom units. Vista Dunes is the first very low income multifamily project of its size in the country to achieve LEED Platinum certification. The project provides more than just housing—family-oriented amenities include a swimming pool, playground, basketball court, and large community multipurpose room. In the next couple of years, at least two additional rental projects will be completed in La Quinta that will include units restricted for lower and moderate income households: 1. Wolff Waters Place: 218 green-built apartments, of which 216 will be affordable to very low income household and 2 will be affordable to moderate income families (constructed to be completed in 2009) 2. Dune Palms (AKA Comienzo): up to 200 units, of which 198 are proposed to be affordable to very low income household and 2 units will be affordable to moderate income households Although rents in the City have increased over the past decade, particularly in the vacation rental arena, the majority of apartment rental properties are offered at costs comparable to the average rental costs for the Coachella Valley as a whole. The affordability of rental housing in La Quinta is not directly tied to the density of the project; rather, prices range based on condition, on-site amenities, location, and unit size. The majority of year-round market-rate rental units consist of single-family detached or attached units and condos in the Cove and Village areas of the City. One-, two-, or three-bedroom Cove-area rentals, average about $1,000 to $1,500 per month. Newer three-bedroom Cove units (often furnished and offering pools, dual master bedrooms, and other amenities) can rent for $3,000 per month or more. Rents are generally higher in other areas of the City, consisting primarily of patio homes, condos or attached single-family units located within golf course or other planned communities, and average approximately $1,800 for two bedroom units and $2,300 for three bedroom units. Four bedroom units in the City were generally found in exclusive, gated, golf course communities with rents averaging $2,500 or more per month. The average rent for a sample of 746 market-rate apartments (see Table H-21) ranges from $950 to around $1,900, with the majority of one- and two-bedroom units renting for between $1,200 and $1,300. These market rate units are largely affordable to moderate income households of any size. Nearly 600 additional rentals were income-restricted for very low, low, or moderate income households. Recent housing trends indicate that although there is an abundance of homes at wide price ranges available for purchase, there is a shortage of properties Community Profile Page 4-18 December 2010 available for rent. As of September 2007, the average rental occupancy rate in the Coachella Valley was 93 percent. Though rental occupancy rates specific to the City of La Quinta are not readily available, rental patterns within the City are assumed to be consistent with those of the Coachella Valley as a whole. This is supported by limited available advertised year-round rental stock in the City, as well as the existence of a waiting list for the typical apartment complexes in the City. It appears that the supply of rental properties has not kept pace with demand. The low vacancy rates may be due to the acquisition of lower priced market-rate units as second homes. This action competes with and often displaces the entry level home buyer market to the rental market, resulting in a shortage of rental units available year-round. The City is making significant progress in the expansion of its rental properties, with at least two new affordable rental projects in various stages of the entitlement and construction process. TABLE H-21 Sample Rental Costs Type Market Rate Units Affordable Units Notes on Affordable Units Existing Development Single-Family and Condos 1 1–2 Bedroom (Cove) $1,050–$1,275 -- 3 Bedroom (Cove) $1,300–$2,500 -- 4 Bedroom (Cove) $1,350–$4,000 -- Studio/1 Bedroom (Outside Cove) $900–$1,750 -- 2 Bedroom (Outside Cove) $1,000–$3,000 -- 3 Bedroom (Outside Cove) $1,200–$4,000 -- 4 Bedroom (Outside Cove) $1,300–$4,000 -- Aventine Apartments (200 Total Units) 1 Bedroom/1 Bathroom $1,195 (62) $618 (10) Low Income 2 2 Bedroom/2 Bathroom (Small) $1,295 (54) $1,045 (10) Moderate Income 2 2 Bedroom/2 Bathroom (Large) $1,395 (64) -- The Clubhouse (149 Total Units) 1 Bedroom/1 Bathroom $1,540–$1,640 (30) -- 1 Bedroom/1 Bathroom/Den $1,645–$1,745 (8) -- 2 Bedroom/2 Bathroom $1,640–$1,905 (111) -- Hadley Villas (80 Total Units) 1 Bedroom/1 Bathroom -- $420 (79) Very Low Income 2 2 Bedroom/2 Bathroom -- n/a (1) Mountain View Apartments at La Quinta (35 Total Units—breakdown unknown) 2 Bedroom/2 Bathroom $950 -- 3 Bedroom/2 Bathroom $1,350 -- City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page 4-19 TABLE H-21 (con’t.) Sample Rental Costs Type Market Rate Units Affordable Units Notes on Affordable Units Existing Development Mediterra Apartment Homes (224 Total Units) 1 Bedroom/1 Bathroom (Small) $1,225–$1,265 (34) $1,225–$1,265 (34) Moderate Income 1 Bedroom/1 Bathroom (Large) $1,250–$1,290 (58) $1,250–$1,290 (58) Moderate Income 1 Bedroom/1 Bathroom/Den $1,350–$1,390 (34) $1,350–$1,390 (34) Moderate Income 2 Bedroom/2 Bathroom (Small) $1,475–$1,525 (64) $1,475–$1,525 (64) Moderate Income 2 Bedroom/2 Bathroom (Large) $1,650–1,695 (34) $1,650–1,695 (34) Moderate Income Seasons at La Quinta Senior Apartments (91 Total Units) 1 Bedroom/1 Bathroom -- $389–$611 (82) Very Low/Low Income 2 2 Bedroom/1 Bathroom -- $462–$728 (9) Seasons at Miraflores (118 Total Units) 1 Bedroom/1 Bathroom -- $500–$611 (94) Low Income 2 2 Bedroom/1 Bathroom -- $595–$728 (24) Moderate Income 2 Silverhawk Apartments (214 Total Units) 1 Bedroom/1 Bathroom (Plan A) $1,100 (46) $871 (30) Moderate Income Lofts $1,375 (14) 2 Bedroom/2 Bathroom (Plans B/C) $1,370 (92) $1,071 (45) Moderate Income 2 Bedroom/2 Bathroom (Plan D) $1,410 (16) 2 Bedroom/2 Bathroom/Den $1,565 (46) Villa Cortina Apartments (200 Total Units) 2 Bedroom/2 Bathroom -- $594–$727 (76) 3 Bedroom/2 Bathroom -- $682–$836 (36) 4 Bedroom/2 Bathroom -- $747 (4) Future Development Wolff Waters Place (218 Total Units) 1 Bedroom/1 Bathroom -- 216 units to be restricted for very low income. 2 2 units to be restricted for moderate income. 2 2 Bedroom/1 Bathroom -- 2 Bedroom/2 Bathroom -- 2 Bedroom/2 Bathroom Townhouse -- 3 Bedroom/2 Bathroom -- 3 Bedroom/2 Bathroom Townhouse -- 4 Bedroom/2 Bathroom -- 4 Bedroom/2 Bathroom Townhouse -- Dune Palms (AKA Comienzo) (200 Total Units Proposed) To be determined -- 198 units to be restricted for very low income. 2 Source: Single-family and Condominiums: The Desert Sun; La Quinta Real Estate; Google Housing Search, October 1, 2007 Apartments: City of La Quinta; Interviews with apartment owners, December 2007 1 Single-family and condominium home rents are not reflective of seasonal resort rental properties. 2 Units are restricted based on income. Community Profile Page 4-20 December 2010 This page intentionally left blank. City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page 5-1 5.0 HOUSING NEEDS The following analysis of current City housing conditions presents housing needs and concerns relative to various segments of the population. Several factors will influence the degree of demand or need for new housing in La Quinta in coming years. The four major “needs” categories considered in this element are: ■■ Overpayment: renters and homeowners who must pay more than 30 percent of their gross incomes for shelter. This may cause a series of related financial problems, which may result in a deterioration of housing stock, because costs associated with maintenance must be sacrificed for more immediate expenses (e.g., food, clothing, medical care, and utilities), or inappropriate housing sizes and types to suit the needs of the household. ■■ Overcrowding: In response to higher housing prices, lower income households must often be satisfied with smaller, less adequate housing for available money. Overcrowding places a strain on physical facilities, does not provide a satisfying environment, and eventually causes conditions that contribute both to deterioration of the housing stock and neighborhoods in general. ■■ Special Needs: Special needs are those associated with relatively unusual occupation or demographic groups that call for very specific program responses, such as preservation of residential hotels or the development of four-bedroom apartments. State law specifically requires analysis of the special housing needs of the elderly, the disabled, single-parent households, large families, farm workers, and homeless persons. A thorough analysis of the special needs groups helps a locality identify groups with the most serious housing needs in order to develop and prioritize responsive programs. ■■ Future Housing Needs: To meet future needs of local and regional population and employment growth, SCAG developed the Regional Housing Needs Assessment (RHNA), which establishes both the projected need for non-market-rate housing and the “fair share” distribution of the projected need to each jurisdiction in each market area. 5.1 Overpayment and Housing Affordability State housing policy recognizes that cooperative participation of the private and public sectors is necessary to expand housing opportunities to all economic segments of the community. Historically, the private sector generally responds to the majority of the community’s housing needs through the production of market-rate housing. However, the percentage of the population on a statewide Housing Needs Page 5-2 December 2010 basis who can afford market-rate housing is declining. The State of California and HUD determined that affordable housing should consume no more than 30 percent of household gross income for lower and moderate income households. A household spending greater than 30 percent of their gross income on housing is considered to be overpaying. Table H-22 lists the percentage of renters and homeowners who overpay for housing, based on 2000 CHAS data. Approximately one-third of all households in La Quinta spent more than 30 percent of their income on housing costs. More than 46 percent of renter households (726) experienced overpayment, while only 30 percent of owner households (2,088) overpaid for housing. For very low income households, 92.1 percent of renters and 74.5 percent of homeowners overpaid for housing. For low income households, 67.5 percent of renters and 64.7 percent of homeowners overpaid. Furthermore, many of these households were actually paying more than 50 percent of their gross household income for housing. Conversely, instances of overpayment dropped from 20 to 12 percent of households in the moderate and above moderate income categories, with only a couple of hundred such households experiencing severe overpayment. A distinction between renter and owner housing overpayment is important because, while homeowners may overextend themselves financially to afford a home purchase, the owner maintains the option of selling the home and may realize tax benefits or appreciation in value. Renters, on the other hand, are limited to the trends of the rental market. These overpayment estimates reflect the need for affordable rental housing in the City, particularly for lower income households. It also reflects the need for homes affordable to Low and Very Low income households to be available in the City for purchase. Overpayment among the Moderate and High income categories is not as prevalent. Some owner households choose to allocate a higher percentage of their disposable monthly income on housing costs because this allocation is justified in light of investment qualities of ownership. Table H-23 identifies the affordable rents and purchase price by income category for a one-person household, a two-person household, and a family of four. Affordable rental rates are based on 30 percent of gross income, and affordable ownership costs are determined using a maximum allowance of 35 percent of gross income. To measure affordability in La Quinta, affordable housing expenditures should be compared with actual rental and purchase prices in the City. City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page 5-3 TABLE H-22 Overpayment by Income Category and Household Type Income and Overpayment Status Elderly Households Small Family (2–4 persons) Large Family (5 + persons) All Other Households Total Households Owner Households Extremely Low Income 89 74 49 70 282 Overpayment >30% 95.5% 52.7% 100% 57.1% 75.5% Very Low Income 114 170 99 28 411 Overpayment >30% 78.1% 73.5% 84.8% 28.6% 74.5% Low Income 229 330 113 28 700 Overpayment >30% 54.1% 72.7% 57.5% 85.7% 64.7% Moderate Income and greater 1,539 2,570 584 805 5,498 Overpayment >30% 21.4% 17.3% 12.7% 33.5% 20.4% All Owner Households 1,971 3,144 845 931 6,891 Overpayment >30% 31.9% 27.0% 32.2% 36.7% 30.3% Renter Households Extremely Low Income 24 55 19 25 123 Overpayment >30% 58.3% 100% 21.1% 100% 79.7% Very Low Income 69 115 99 19 302 Overpayment >30% 100% 91.3% 85.9% 100% 92.1% Low Income 70 160 65 90 385 Overpayment >30% 50% 65.6% 61.5% 88.9% 67.5% Moderate Income and greater 115 405 135 95 750 Overpayment >30% 26.1% 12.3% 0% 10.5% 12% All Renter Households 278 735 318 229 1,560 Overpayment >30% 53.2% 42.9% 40.6% 58.5% 46.5% All Households Total Households 1 2,249 3,879 1,163 1,160 8,451 Overpayment >30% 34.5% 30.0% 34.5% 41.0% 33.3% Source: 2000 CHAS 1 Total households shown in CHAS data differs slightly—by four units—from 2000 Census. Housing Needs Page 5-4 December 2010 TABLE H-23 Affordable Housing Costs by Annual Income Type Annual Income (2007) 1 Maximum Affordable Rent Payment 2 Maximum Affordable Purchase Price 3 Single-Person Household Extremely Low $0–$12,450 $311 $45,000 Very Low $12,451–$20,700 $518 $81,000 Low $20,701–$33,150 $829 $135,000 Moderate $33,151–$49,700 $1,243 $207,000 Above Moderate $49,701+ Above $1,243 Above $207,000 Median $41,400 $1,035 $171,000 Two-Person Household Extremely Low $0 –$14,200 $355 $45,000 Very Low $14,201–$23,700 $593 $81,000 Low $23,701–$37,900 $948 $135,000 Moderate $37,901–$56,800 $1,420 $207,000 Above Moderate $56,801+ Above $1,420 Above $207,000 Median $47,400 $1,185 $171,000 Four-Person Household Extremely Low $0–$17,750 $444 $68,000 Very Low $17,751–$29,600 $740 $120,000 Low $29,600–$47,350 $1,184 $196,000 Moderate $47,351–$71,000 $1,775 $299,000 Above Moderate $71,001+ Above $1,775 Above $299,000 Median $59,200 $1,480 $248,000 Source: The Planning Center 2008 1 Income limits established by HUD, 2007. 2 Based on 30 percent of income. 3 Based on 35 percent of income, 10% down, 6.5% interest, and 1.25% taxes and homeowner‘s insurance monthly. Affordability of Homeownership Much like other communities in the Coachella Valley, the sale prices for housing in La Quinta increased significantly in the early 2000s. Since 2006 the City and Valley have experienced a wide range of pricing options due to foreclosures. While there are still multimillion dollar homes for sale, there are also new and fairly new homes for sale at prices less than their original value. In 2002, many areas of the City offered housing options that ranged from the high $100,000s to the mid $200,000s. In 2007, nearly two-thirds of resale homes and condominiums sold for $500,000 or more (see Table H-19). The subprime lending crisis and downturn of the housing market have resulted in rapidly decreasing sales prices. According to DataQuick, between November 2007 and November 2008 home sale prices in La Quinta declined by 24.7 percent. Even with the downturn in the housing market, as of 2008 the majority of single-family dwellings would be unaffordable to lower income households. The City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page 5-5 average new home, typically priced above $400,000, puts all new single-family homes out of reach for all but above moderate income households. The combined new and existing home sales price in La Quinta in November 2008 was $384,000. Affordability of Rental Costs Unlike the homeownership market, the rental market has remained relatively stable over the past five years. Moderate income households could afford to spend as much as $1,200–1,775 per month on rent and utilities. As shown in Table H-21, the average rent for many of the listed apartments, single-family homes, or condominiums range from $1,000 to $1,800—well within the affordable range for these households. Hundreds of lower and moderate income households are served by existing and pending projects, some listed previously in Section 4.5 and discussed in Section 8. Constructed, approved, and pending income-restricted rental projects provide 576 units of new rental housing for very low and low income households. With the market-rate rental market essentially closed for extremely low and very low income households, however, it is evident that their major source of affordable housing will be found through income-restricted housing projects, housing voucher programs, second units, and employee/guest houses. 5.2 Overcrowding The Bureau of the Census defines overcrowded housing units as “those in excess of one person per room average.” Overcrowding may occur when a family or household cannot afford adequate living space, has to house extended family members, or is sharing inadequate living space with nonfamily members. When more than one family shares a housing unit it is called doubling. There appears to be a direct link between overcrowding and housing affordability. Potential causes may include: ■■ Homeowners/renters with large families who are unable to afford larger dwellings, ■■ Older children wishing to leave home who are prohibited from doing so because they cannot qualify for a home loan or are unable to make rental payments, or ■■ Elderly relatives on fixed incomes who are unable to afford suitable housing or have physical handicaps that require them to live with their children or other family members for assistance. Households with lower incomes may permit overcrowding to derive additional income, or there may be insufficient supply of housing units in the community Housing Needs Page 5-6 December 2010 to accommodate the demand. In addition, overcrowding plays a role in the deterioration of housing stock, particularly among older structures. Table H-24 shows that 3.6 percent of the total occupied housing units were moderately overcrowded in 2000, a decrease from over 8.0 percent in 1990. A slightly higher incidence of overcrowding was experienced among the rental tenure group. This is supported by the finding that the number of persons per unit in renter-occupied housing units was higher than owner occupied, with 3.17 persons per unit as compared to 2.71 for owner-occupied households. Although renter households constituted only 18 percent of all households in the City, approximately 9.7 percent of renters experienced overcrowded conditions, with 3.2 percent of all renters experiencing severe overcrowding. In comparison, within owner-occupied households, which constitute 82 percent of all households in the City, 5.5 percent experienced overcrowded conditions, with 2.6 percent experiencing severe overcrowding. These numbers have reduced by almost one half since the 1990 Census. It is possible that large rental households may have had difficulty finding affordable three or four bedroom rental units. Almost 21 percent of renter households (316 households) had five or more persons, as compared to approximately 12 percent of owners. Large households often require homes with at least three bedrooms. According to the 2000 Census, there were 1,555 housing units in the City with four or more bedrooms. Of these, 7.6 percent, or 119 units, were renter occupied. Although there were 914 three bedroom rental units in the City, comprising over 59 percent of the total rented stock, these units often rent at rates exceeding $1,200. It is clear that additional housing resources with three or more bedrooms are needed for very low and low income renters and owners. It is possible that moderate and above moderate income renters experience overcrowding due to a shortage of rental units at this price range with multiple bedrooms. TABLE H-24 Overcrowding Status Owner Renter Total Households Number % of Owners Number % of Renters Number % of Total Not Overcrowded 6,534 94.5 1,392 90.3 7,926 93.7 Moderately Overcrowded 203 2.9 100 6.5 303 3.6 Severely Overcrowded 177 2.6 49 3.2 226 2.7 Total 6,914 100.0 1,541 100.0 8,455 100.0 Source: 2000 Census Note: Universe is total households in occupied housing units. Housing units that exceed 1.0 or more persons per room are considered moderately overcrowded. Housing units that exceed 1.5 or more persons per room are considered severely overcrowded. City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page 5-7 5.3 Special Needs The state requires that the special needs of certain disadvantaged groups be addressed in the Housing Element. Selected populations with special housing needs include the elderly, handicapped, large families, single-parent households, the homeless, and farm workers. Elderly Persons The special housing needs of the elderly are an important concern for the City of La Quinta, since many retired persons residing in the City are likely to be on fixed low incomes. Besides affordability concerns, the elderly often maintain special needs related to housing design and location. With regard to housing design needs, the elderly may require ramps, handrails, lower cupboards and counters, etc., to allow greater access and mobility. They also may need special security devices for their homes to allow greater self- protection. The elderly also have special needs regarding location. They typically need to have access to public facilities (i.e., medical and shopping) and transit. In most instances, the elderly prefer to stay in their own dwellings rather than relocate to a retirement community, and may need assistance to make home repairs. Every effort should be made to maintain their dignity, self- respect, and quality of life. In 2000, 3,173 City residents, or 13.4 percent of the total population, were 65 years of age or older as compared to 9.6 percent in 1990. The 2000 reported median household income was $54,205 for senior residents aged 65–74 and $36,927 for senior residents 75 and older in La Quinta. Based on 2000 income levels, approximately 7 percent (154) of the senior households have been determined to fall below the poverty level. The majority of senior households below the poverty level are individuals living alone (Table H-25). In 2000 there were 1,698 senior-headed households, or 76.5 percent of all seniors, who owned their residences. There were 265 senior-headed rental households in the City. As shown in Table H-22, approximately one-third of senior households (776) overpaid for housing in 2000, a condition that was particularly acute for extremely low and very low income households. Apart from privately owned housing units, the City has several options for senior living. Among these are: The Seasons development, which offers 91 senior units in the very low and low affordable price range; Miraflores, a project completed in 2003 that supplies 118 senior units in the low and moderate income price range; and Hadley Villas Senior Apartments, an affordable project completed in 2004 that offers 81 units in the very low income price range. Continued construction of multifamily units will aid greatly in meeting the needs of seniors currently overpaying for rental units. Housing Needs Page 5-8 December 2010 TABLE H-25 Senior Households by Size/Type Household Type 1 Person Households 2 or More Person Households Total Family Non–Family Households with 1 or more persons 65 and over 556 1,574 89 2,219 Such households below poverty level 80 52 22 154 Source: 2000 Census Disabled Persons Physical and developmental disabilities can hinder access to housing units of traditional design, and potentially limit the ability to earn adequate income. The three major housing needs of the disabled are access, location, and affordability. Disabled persons often require specially designed dwellings to provide access not only within the dwelling, but to and from the unit. Special modifications to permit free access are very important in maintaining independence and dignity. The California Administrative Code Title 24 Requirements set forth access and adaptability requirements for the physically handicapped. These regulations apply to public buildings such as motels, and require that ramps, larger door widths, restroom modifications, etc., be designed to enable free access to the handicapped. Such standards are not mandatory of new single-family residential construction. Like the elderly, the physically disabled have special needs with regard to location. There is typically a desire to be located near public facilities, especially public transportation facilities. Some disabled residents prefer group quarters. However, many government programs that group seniors and handicapped persons together (such as HUD Section 202 housing) are inadequate and often do not serve the needs of the disabled. A number of disabled persons receive supplemental Social Security Income and are on fixed incomes. Increasing inflation and housing costs adversely affect these individuals’ ability to secure affordable housing. The 2000 Census reports 6,008 persons in the City of La Quinta who experienced some kind of disability as reported by the 2000 Census. Of the 6,008 disabled persons, 5,777 are age 16 or over. Disabilities in the adult population can reflect employment limitations, which in turn may reduce income and ability to afford adequate housing. Table H-26 shows that 7.6 percent of the City’s population age 16 and over have handicaps that restrict them from working. Persons only with limitations on their ability to care for themselves, including Alzheimer sufferers, mentally ill adults, or severely physically handicapped adults, comprise 11.5 percent of the City’s population. City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page 5-9 Those with a mobility disability constituted 5.3 percent of the population. All groups of persons with disabilities include a large number of persons 65 years of age and older. Although seniors comprised approximately 27.1 percent of the total disabled population, those seniors who report a mobility or self-care limitation constituted approximately 32.1 percent of the senior population. Disabilities may impair employment opportunities, resulting in limited or fixed incomes. According to 2000 CHAS data, of the households with a member that has a mobility or self-care disability, approximately 23 percent are very low income and 15 percent are low income. These households may face significant challenges to affording adequate housing, transportation, and health care. According to the Volunteer Center of Riverside’s Ombudsmen Program, the greatest housing needs for the developmentally disabled adult are group, or board and care, homes. Statistically, 101 persons in La Quinta—not quite one percent of the total population—reported both a mobility and a self-care limitation. This is the population most in need of a supportive housing environment. However, the mobility or self-care limitation does not necessarily translate into a need for specially constructed housing units. Therefore, it is difficult to estimate the number of handicapped persons in need of accessible housing. Facilities and services in the Coachella Valley that assist persons with both mental and physical disabilities include: ■■ La Quinta Senior Center – La Quinta: Services include Meals on Wheels, an outreach program and volunteer home care services for homebound seniors, and coordination of Dial-a-Ride transportation services. ■■ Community Counseling and Consultation Center, Inc./Desert AIDS Project – Palm Springs: Dedicated to providing support, care, and treatment to people with AIDS and related illnesses and education to the general community. The Desert AIDS project serves the psychological needs of AIDS clients, provides case management, anonymous HIV testing, legal services, a program of protection and prevention, and referral and recreational services. ■■ Valley Resource Center – Indio: A nonprofit organization providing services to developmentally disabled adults. They administer supportive employment programs and other workshops to assist daily living. ■■ Cathedral City – HIV/AIDS Facility: A 25-bed permanent residence facility for persons with HIV/AIDS. ■■ FISH of Lower Coachella Valley – Indio: Provides transportation and emergency food, and operates a “good neighbor” program. ■■ DesertArc – Palm Desert: A comprehensive service delivery agency for the developmentally disabled community; it provides programs to develop or enhance self-help skills, life enrichment skills, and prevocational and vocational skills. Housing Needs Page 5-10 December 2010 ■■ Braille Institute – Rancho Mirage: A nonprofit school providing daytime classes for the legally blind, with a 50-mile service radius. Provides other services for the visually impaired. ■■ Shelter Plus Care Tenant Based Rental Assistance – Indio: A permanent residence facility in Indio with 17 beds, serving needs of homeless persons with disabilities and the mentally ill. TABLE H-26 Disability Limitation by Age Type of Limitation 16–64 65+ Total Number of Persons Percent of Population 1 Number of Persons Percent of Population Number of Persons Percent of Population Mobility Limitation 744 3.1 510 2.2 1,254 5.3 Self-Care Limitation 2 1,415 6.0 1,308 5.5 2,723 11.5 Employment Disability 1,800 7.6 N/A 0.0 1,800 7.6 Total 3,959 16.7 1,818 7.7 5,777 24.4 Source: 2000 Census 1 Percent of total population 2 Includes sensory, physical, and mental disabilities not covered in other categories Large Family Households The 2000 Census reported 1,196 households in the City of La Quinta, 14.2 percent of all households, with five or more persons. Large-family households generally require larger dwellings with more bedrooms to meet their housing needs. But these households often experience difficulty securing adequate housing suitable for their expanded needs due to income limitations and/or lack of adequate housing stock. Difficulties in securing housing large enough to accommodate all members of a household are heightened for renters, because multifamily rental units are typically smaller than single-family units. Despite the fact that over half of the multifamily housing stock is three-bedroom units, the overall number of multifamily housing units in and around La Quinta is relatively small, leaving large families with fewer options. As shown in Table H-22, approximately one- third of large family households (401) overpaid for housing in 2000, a condition that was particularly acute for extremely low and very low income households. According to 2000 CHAS data, lower income households make up approximately 58 percent of large family renter households and 38 percent of large family owner households. Table H-27 presents tenure of housing units by number of persons in the unit in 2000. The table shows that for large households, there numerically are more owner-occupied units than renter occupied. Owner-occupied units comprise over 75 percent of the large households in the City, and 14 percent of all owner- City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page 5-11 occupied housing. There are 269 large households occupying rental units, which is 17 percent of all renter households. Multifamily housing rental stock consists primarily of one- and two-bedroom units. Single family development in the Cove, however, is made up largely of units with three bedrooms, although four-bedroom units are also present in limited supply. Citywide single-family construction activity has created a supply of housing for large families not available in multifamily housing, although prices for larger units tend to be affordable only to moderate and above moderate income households. There can be several limitations on connecting larger families with appropriate housing. Although some resources exist to meet the needs of large families, there are not sufficient numbers of housing units to accommodate the need. Those units available may be out of the affordable price range for a number of households, and some larger units may be rented by smaller families or households who are able to afford the market rent. This conclusion is supported by the high demand for three-bedroom rental units, the low vacancy rates of three-bedroom rental units available in the Cove, and the wait lists at all apartment complexes in the City. TABLE H-27 Large Households by Tenure Number of Persons in Household Owner Occupied Renter Occupied Total Five 546 149 695 Six 228 73 301 Seven or More 153 47 200 Total 927 269 1,196 Source: 2000 Census Single-Parent Households Single parent heads of household constitute a group with serious housing concerns. In general, families with single parent heads of household may experience a higher incidence of poverty than other household configurations. La Quinta is home to 751 single-parent families, of which 455 are female- headed. In 2000, 12 percent of the City’s single-parent families lived in poverty, compared to 3 percent of married couple families. Female headed households experienced a slightly higher poverty rate at 13 percent. The median family income for single-parent households (male or female headed) was $29,000, compared to 57,000 for married-couple families with children There are currently not enough assisted units in the City to serve the potential number of these households that would require low income housing. Resources in the community to assist single parents generally include Housing Choice Housing Needs Page 5-12 December 2010 Vouchers (formerly Section 8 Certificates) for rental assistance. This type of assistance is limited by funding and the number of vouchers available. Not all single parents qualify for Housing Choice Vouchers, but may have a need for another form of assistance such as subsidized child care. Many single parents do not have the resources to enter the housing market as a home owner. Although the incidence of single-parent households with children below the poverty level is low in the City, less than 2 percent of single-parent households are impoverished (Table H-28), addressing the housing needs for single parents may require innovative housing solutions. Strategies need to be considered to provide more housing opportunities to these households, such as new multifamily housing, mixed-use units, and subsidized single-family housing. TABLE H-28 Single Parent Households 2000 Household Type Total Percent of Total Total households 8,455 100% Single-parent households 1,008 11.9% Single-parent households below poverty level 115 1.4% Single-parent households with children under age 18 751 8.9% Single-parent households with children under age 18 below poverty level 93 1.1% Source: 2000 Census Farm Workers Based on an analysis of farm labor and the diminishing amount of farmland in the City of La Quinta and surrounding rural areas, the need for farm worker housing has declined. The 2000 Census reports that 47 residents of the City are employed in the agricultural field, and that there are 45 agricultural jobs provided within the City. It is probable that a number of occupations classified as agricultural are related to nursery operations or landscape maintenance. Responsibility for providing housing for farm workers originally lay with the growers that employed the workers. This practice was discontinued, however, due to high costs for liability insurance and maintenance. Low income groups often need housing near work. For farm workers, this means that housing is needed in rural, agricultural areas rather than urban areas. In the Coachella Valley, the principal housing options for migrant and local seasonal farm workers are family-owned homes, private rental houses, second units, apartments, and mobile homes. Farm worker housing does not appear to be a significant need in La Quinta. City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page 5-13 Extremely Low Income Households Extremely low income households are households earning less than 30 percent of the Area Median Income (AMI). These households often face significant financial challenges to affording adequate housing and therefore are considered a subpopulation with special housing needs. According to 2000 CHAS data there are 405 extremely low income households in La Quinta, consisting of 123 renter households and 282 owner households. Approximately 36 percent of La Quinta’s very low income households earned less than 30 percent of the AMI, qualifying them as extremely low income households. Accordingly, the City’s projected need for extremely low income households is 386 households (36 percent of its 2006–2014 RHNA allocation for very low income households). Extremely low income households are sensitive to unexpected changes in income and expenditures, so overpayment for housing could result in an inability to meet other important or emergency needs. In 2007 an extremely low income household of four would earn no more than $17,500 per year and would be able to spend only $444 per month in rent before overpaying for housing. A two-person household earning no more than $14,200 would only be able to spend $355 per month in rent before overpaying for housing. According to 2000 CHAS data, 76 percent of La Quinta’s extremely low income households overpay for housing; expending more than 30 percent of their gross monthly income on housing. Many of the City’s existing and proposed very low income rental projects provide housing affordable to extremely low income individuals, couples, and families with children. Extremely low income households are also eligible to receive rental assistance in La Quinta through the County of Riverside Housing Authority’s Section 8 voucher program. Small extremely low income households may also find an affordable housing option in Single Room Occupancy (SRO) hotels, second units, and guest houses. A survey of rental opportunities in 2008 showed that second units in La Quinta are affordable to lower income households. Another type of second unit, a guest house/employee quarters is permitted in La Quinta and is to be rented out free-of-charge, per the Municipal Code. The intent is for homeowners to provide on-site living quarters for their staff and guests. This type of second unit is mandated to be affordable to extremely low income households. Second units and guest houses/employee quarters may be important resources for seniors on a fixed-income, single- parents, disabled persons, college students, and low-wage earning workers. Homeless Persons Understanding the extent of homelessness in La Quinta is difficult because there is little data available to the City. In 2003 and 2007 enumerators working for the Riverside County Department of Public Social Services conducted a census of the homeless population of Riverside County. This census determined an Housing Needs Page 5-14 December 2010 approximate countywide homeless population of 4,508 at the time of the census. The majority of the homeless in the Coachella Valley were surveyed in the Cities of Indio (684), Blythe (106), and Palm Springs (260). No homeless persons were identified in La Quinta during either census. This information indicates that there is not a need for a shelter beds. However, homeless persons and families are often transient and may find themselves in need of shelter in any given jurisdiction in the county. If a person or family finds themselves homeless they may go to regional facilities provided by the county, City of Indio, or City of Palm Springs for assistance. The available homeless facilities in the Coachella Valley are listed in Table H-29. One use that may potentially provide housing for those in need of shelter is SRO hotels. SRO hotels, as defined in the municipal code, are residential facilities that are rented on a weekly or longer basis that may or may not have private bathroom and kitchen facilities. SRO hotels are conditionally permitted in Regional Commercial zoned districts. In the zoning code transitional shelters are defined as short-term housing facilities for homeless persons or victims of domestic abuse, a definition more appropriate for emergency shelters. Transitional housing and permanent supportive housing, in contrast, are directed at long-term solutions. Transitional housing is provided for up to two years, and is combined with social services and counseling to assist in the transition to self-sufficiency. Through Program 5.7, appropriate definitions of emergency shelter, transitional housing, and permanent supportive housing will be provided in the Municipal Code to comply with state requirements. Furthermore, transitional facilities will be permitted as a residential use in residential zones. Emergency shelters will be permitted in the MC zone and conditionally permitted in the CR zone. There are two vacant MC-zoned parcels (totaling 0.71 acre) in La Quinta that could accommodate an emergency shelter during the planning period. Despite successive homeless census efforts identifying zero homeless persons in La Quinta, the City of La Quinta is participating in regional efforts to serve emergency housing needs. The City has a voting representative on the Coachella Valley Association of Governments Homelessness Committee. In February 2008, the La Quinta City Council adopted a resolution to support the Coachella Valley Association of Governments (CVAG) Strategic Plan as endorsed by the CVAG Homelessness Committee. The Strategic Plan is a two-phase program that will establish multi-service centers (MSC) to provide shelter and supportive services for the homeless (Program 5.6). One MSC will be developed east of Cook Street to serve the eastern Coachella Valley jurisdictions and the other MSC will be west of Cook Street for service to the western Coachella Valley. Cook Street is a north–south street that essentially bisects the City of Palm Desert. The City of La Quinta is east of Cook Street. City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page 5-15 The mission of the MSCs will be to provide comprehensive support services to promote progress toward permanent housing and self-sufficiency. Both MSCs will be designed to provide one-stop access to resources for individuals and families experiencing homelessness or who are at risk of homelessness. A wide array of supportive services are envisioned, including but not limited to basic amenities such as showering/ personal care and laundry, street outreach, transportation, childcare, medical care, mental health services, integrated case management, food, and housing. By June 2009, the Strategic Plan seeks to provide rental subsidies for 200 units of permanent affordable housing (0–3 bedrooms in size). Additionally, the Strategic Plan sets out to create 100 shelter beds (60 percent for individuals and 40percent for families) and 250 units of permanent supportive housing (90 percent for individuals and 10 percent for families) by June 2010. Funding for the MSC is expected to be obtained by early 2009. TABLE H-29 Coachella Valley Homeless Shelter Resources 2007 Shelter Name Type of Shelter City Clientele or Needs Served Number of Beds 1 Coachella Valley Services and Overnight Shelter (CV-SOS) Emergency Coachella Valley General 25 Coachella Valley Rescue Mission Emergency Indio Men, women, and children 80 Nightingale Manor Emergency Palm Springs Families 50 Shelter from the Storm Emergency Undisclosed – Coachella Valley Domestic Violence 60 Martha‘s Village and Kitchen Emer &Trans Indio General 100 emer/120 trans ABC Recovery Center Transitional Indio Substance Abuse 40 Episcopal Community Services Transitional Scattered Site – Coachella Valley HIV/AIDS 34 Shelter From The Storm Transitional Undisclosed – Coachella Valley Domestic Violence Victims 39 Casa San Miguel Permanent Cathedral City HIV/AIDS 25 Episcopal Community Services Permanent Scattered Site – Coachella Valley Persons With Disabilities and Chronically Homeless 40 Shelter Plus Care TBRA Permanent Indio Persons With Disabilities/ Mentally Ill 23 Source: Riverside County 2007 Continuum of Care Consolidated Application, Exhibit 1, Housing Inventory Chart (as of January 24, 2007) 1 A total of 636 full-time beds are available in the Coachella Valley. There are an additional 44 permanent supportive housing beds that are available to homeless mentally ill clients throughout the County on a voucher basis. These beds are available to eligible individuals in the Coachella Valley, although there is no set number specifically allocated to the desert region. 5.4 Regional Housing Needs State Housing Law requires that SCAG identify future housing needs in each jurisdiction. To meet this mandate, SCAG develops the RHNA, which establishes both the projected need for housing and the fair share distribution of the projected need to its member jurisdictions. Housing Needs Page 5-16 December 2010 The RHNA calculates the projected new construction need necessary to accommodate the anticipated population through June 2014. State housing law requires that cities and counties demonstrate adequate residential sites that could accommodate development of housing in order to satisfy future housing need. The 2006 RHNA proposes that La Quinta construct 4,326 new housing units to accommodate housing needs for all income groups during the planning period January 2006 through June 2014. These units are distributed by income category as illustrated in Table H-30. According to SCAG, 1,065 new units are needed to accommodate very low income households, 724 new units to accommodate low income households, and 796 new units to meet the needs of moderate income households. Approximately 40 percent of the new units (1,741) cited by the RHNA to accommodate growth will be for above moderate income households, provided through market-rate housing. The City’s 4,326-unit future housing need is a 29 percent increase in the number of existing households (14,425 in 2007), and approximately 10 percent of the Coachella Valley’s future housing need. The percentage of lower income households in the City was approximately equal to the proportional distribution within the Coachella Valley at the time of the RHNA. Housing prices in La Quinta are such that the above moderate and a portion of the moderate income households will be able to find affordable market-rate housing (as purchasers or renters), although the moderate income households will be largely limited to the resale market and a few selected new housing developments. TABLE H-30 2006–2014 Regional Housing Needs Assessment Household Income Levels Income as a Percent of County Median RHNA Allocation Percent Very Low Less than 50% 1,065 24.6 Low 51%–80% 724 16.7 Moderate 81%–120% 796 18.4 Above-Moderate Over 120% 1,741 40.2 Total 1 4,327 100% Source: Regional Housing Needs Assessment for Southern California, July 2007, prepared by SCAG. 1 Total number of units and percentage are affected by rounding error. City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page 6-1 6.0 HOUSING CONSTRAINTS Constraints to the provision of adequate and affordable housing are posed by both governmental and nongovernmental factors. These factors may result in housing that is not affordable to lower and moderate income households or may render residential construction economically infeasible. Constraints to housing production significantly impact households with lower incomes and special housing needs. To accurately assess the housing environment in the City of La Quinta, close consideration needs to be given to a series of constraints; the housing market, infrastructure, and environmental and governmental factors that impact the cost of housing. 6.1 Nongovernmental Constraints Although housing costs in the Coachella Valley region are, on average, below other metropolitan areas in Southern California, the cost of renting or purchasing adequate housing in La Quinta continues to be influenced by a number of market factors. Costs associated with labor, raw land, materials, and financing influence the availability of affordable housing. Since the conclusion of the early 1990’s recession, housing and rental prices in the City have escalated. Land and Construction Costs Land costs include the costs of raw land, site improvements, and all costs associated with obtaining government approvals. Factors affecting the costs of land include overall availability within a community, environmental site conditions, public service and infrastructure availability, aesthetic considerations, and parcel size. The cost of land is an important component in determining the cost of housing development. Land in the Coachella Valley has been and remains relatively affordable compared to other Southern California markets. In 2008 residential land acquisitions show that vacant residential land outside of the Village area costs between $75,000 and $100,000 per acre. Village Commercial land, which has the potential for up to 16 dwelling units per acre, sells for up to $1.3 million per acre. Construction costs can constitute up to 50 percent of the cost of a single-family detached home. Labor costs are usually two to three times the cost of materials, and thus make up 17 to 20 percent of the total cost of a new home. Labor costs are based on a number of factors, including housing demand, the number of contractors in the area, and union status of workers. However, state law requires the payment of prevailing wages for most private projects built under an agreement with a public agency providing assistance to the project, except for certain types of affordable housing. All cities are affected by these laws. Housing Constraints Page 6-2 December 2010 The construction cost of housing may be considered a constraint to affordable housing in the La Quinta area. The City cannot directly control construction costs. Hence, increases in these costs amplify the need for subsidies to achieve affordability in residential units. Through density bonus provisions the City provides incentives and relief to the development community in exchange for the inclusion of affordable housing into a project. Financing Interest rates impact both the purchase price of the unit and the ability to purchase a home. Interest rates are determined by national policies and economic market conditions and local government has no impact on these rates. Historical market trends reveal that when interest rates are high, a potential homeowner’s ability to secure a loan decreases. Conversely, when rates are low, homeownership becomes more accessible to more families. The La Quinta market has demonstrated that when interest rates are low, the majority of housing demand focuses on single-family homes. When interest rates are high (in excess of about 12 percent) for any length of time, only a small percentage of new home buyers can qualify for monthly mortgage payments on the average market rate single-family home. At this point, demand shifts to lower price units, usually multifamily, and construction trends follow. Lending rates for developers are generally 2 to 2.5 percentage points higher than the prime interest rate, which was 8.25 percent or below through 2007. Financing for both construction and long term mortgages is generally available in La Quinta subject to normal underwriting standards. The availability of financing for developers under current economic conditions may pose a constraint on development outside of the City’s control. First-time home buyers are the group most impacted by financing requirements. Some 30-year mortgage rates hovered at around 7.5 percent in the third quarter of 2008, and lower initial rates are available with Graduated Payment Mortgages, Adjustable Rate Mortgages, and Buy-Down Mortgages. However, variable interest rate mortgages on affordable homes may increase to the point that interest rates exceed the cost of living adjustments, which could be another constraint on affordability. The current uncertainty in the lending industry may lead to more stringent credit requirements and lead to increased interest rates, which change significantly and substantially impact the affordability of the housing stock. Typically, conventional home loans will require 5 to 20 percent of the sale price as a down payment, which is one of the largest constraints to first-time home buyers. When interest rates are low, they are not generally a serious constraint to affordable housing. Further, lower interest rates help support home purchases by low and moderate income households, who may not be able to qualify at higher rates. City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page 6-3 Homeowners’ Association In many golf course, lake, gated, or planned development communities, homeowners are charged mandatory monthly homeowners association dues. Homeowners association dues typically cover maintenance of common grounds and structures, pool and recreation areas, streetscapes and landscaping, guard gates, and personnel (if applicable). Even maintenance of residential structures and yards are often covered, depending on dwelling type and ownership status. While the initial purchase price of units within such communities may be affordable to moderate income households, the addition of a substantial monthly homeowners’ association fee into the total housing payment (principal, interest, taxes and insurance) can easily cause the monthly payment to exceed 30 percent of household income. Other Non-City Constraints Although not a direct market or governmental constraint, the common perception of affordable housing by the public is that it is undesirable in their community. This may constitute a constraint on a local jurisdiction’s ability to approve otherwise appropriate projects. Long-term education, superior project design, and economically integrated projects incorporating a portion of affordable units are essential. Good management practices and a continuing opportunity for public involvement may also help alleviate these perceived constraints. The quality and advancement of affordable housing may be greatly bolstered by press covering Vista Dunes, the first LEED Platinum certified affordable multifamily project of its size in the country. This project, and other planned sustainable affordable projects, will make La Quinta a case study for realizing attractive and sustainable affordable housing development. 6.2 Governmental Constraints Actions by the City that impact the affordability of homes occur in two broad areas. First, the City has traditionally exercised authority in the areas of land use controls, site improvement requirements, building codes, fees, and other regulatory programs. Secondly, by acting through the La Quinta Redevelopment Agency (Agency), the City can use funds appropriated to expand and improve the supply of housing affordable to lower and moderate income households. Agency strategies include second trust deed home purchase loans, residential rehabilitation loans, and acquisition/rehabilitation/resale of dilapidated vacant homes. General Plan Land Use Designations The 2002 Land Use Element establishes the maximum and minimum housing density for five residential land use designations from Very Low Density (up to 2 units per acre) to High Density (up to 16 units per acre). Four nonresidential Housing Constraints Page 6-4 December 2010 land use designations also allow for the construction of housing at densities up to 16 units per acre. After the implementation of Programs 1.5 and 1.6, the City will permit residential development between 12 and 24 units per acre in the Village Commercial designation and other specified commercial districts. Implementing Program 1.7 will increase the maximum density in the High Density district from 16 to 24 units per acre. It is the established policy of the City to maintain the community character of high design standards and relatively low densities for all new development, including affordable housing projects. Density is, in theory, a critical factor in the development of affordable housing. In theory, maintaining low densities typically increases the cost of construction per unit. Higher density improves housing affordability because it lowers the per-unit land cost (although the overall land cost per acre may be higher than for lower density uses) and facilitates efficient construction. However, the City of La Quinta has successfully supported the construction of affordable housing at densities lower than 20 units per acre, and as low as 4.5 dwelling units per acre. The density ranges allowed for each residential district used to calculate housing at buildout are listed in Table H-31. Attached residential development that is still consistent with the City’s character through architecture and massing has successfully been implemented through a number of mechanisms, including clustering of residential development, density bonuses, mixed-use development, and zero lot line/small lot development in selected areas of the City. These mechanisms are subject to established design parameters of the Zoning Code. Clustering of housing can produce higher densities on a portion of land, while retaining the overall density assignment of the entire property. This method is effective when portions of property not used for residential development can be developed with compatible uses, such as open space/recreation, parks, schools, or public facilities. In the case of mixed-uses, residential uses may be clustered with office, commercial, retail, hotel, business park, or public facilities for higher density uses near to employment and transit opportunities. Under current economic conditions, construction of multifamily projects or higher density single-family projects at costs readily affordable to lower income households at market rate has not been possible. Agency assistance has been necessary in order to provide new affordable units, regardless of density allowed by the City. The City of La Quinta is in the advantageous position of being able to undertake assistance programs through the Agency’s Low and Moderate Income Set-Aside fund, and agreements with a number of for- and nonprofit developers to provide affordable units. City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page 6-5 TABLE H-31 Residential General Plan and Zoning Districts General Plan Zoning Density Purpose Very Low Density (VLDR) Very Low Density Residential (RVL) Up to 2 units per acre One-to two-story single-family detached homes on large lots ; at the southeastern boundary of the City. Low Density (LDR) Low Density Residential (RL) Up to 4 units per acre Single-family attached and detached development, both in a country club setting and in standard subdivisions. Equestrian uses may be appropr iate on larger lots. The clustering of smaller housing units, including condominiums and townhomes, may be appropriate with the provision of common area amenities and open space when governed by a Specific Plan. Medium Density (MDR) Medium Density Residential (RM) Cove Residential (RC) Up to 8 units per acre One-to two-story single-family detached and attached homes on medium to small sized lots; clustered small dwellings, such as one to two -story single- family condominiums, townhomes, or apartment and dup lexes, with open space and common area amenities when governed by a Specific Plan. Medium High Density (MHDR) Medium High Density Residential (RMH) Up to 12 units per acre One-to two-story, single-family detached homes on small lots; one-to two-story single-family attached homes; one -and two-story townhomes, condominiums and multifamily dwellings. Mobile home parks may be allowed with the approval of a Conditional Use Permit. Under MDR zoning, manufactured home subdivisions with common area amenities and o pen space are permitted by right subject to meeting all development standards applicable to the zone. High Density (HDR) High Density Residential (RH) Up to 16 units per acre One-to two-story single-family attached homes; one-to three-story townhomes and multifamily dwellings. This designation is most suitable for planned communities and affordable and senior housing, where smaller units and higher densities may be appropriate. Duplex and multiplex development is the most common. Mobile home parks or subdi visions with common area amenities and open space may also be allowed subject to a Conditional Use Permit. Low Density Agriculture/ Equestrian Residential Overlay (LDA/ER) N/A Applied to underlying residential designations in the City and in Planning Areas 1 and 2 These overlay designations recognize the importance of the agricultural and equestrian community in this part of the Coachella Valley. Such uses within this overlay shall be allowed to continue until such time as the land owner chooses to develop, and shall not be considered nonconforming at any time. Regional Commercial (RC) Regional Commercial (CR) Up to 16 units per acre High density residential uses with an affordable housing component are permitted if they are more than 600 feet south of Hi ghway 111. The Zoning Code also establishes stipulations where residential uses are allowed within the Nonresidential Overlay area (within 600 feet of Highway 111). A specific plan is required for all development under this designation. Village Commercial (VC) Village Commercial (VC) Up to 16 units per acre Medium High and High Density residential land uses are appropriate in a mixed-use context. Live/work housing is permitted. Resort Mixed Use (RMU) Tourist Commercial (CT) Up to 16 units per acre Single and multifamily residential and condominium development is permitted. Timeshares, RV parks and mobile home parks or subdivisions permitted with a Specific Plan. Source: City of La Quinta General Plan and Municipal Code Municipal Code The residential zone portions of the Municipal Code impact housing affordability in several ways. The Zoning Code regulates such features as Housing Constraints Page 6-6 December 2010 building height and density, lot area, setbacks, minimum unit and room size, and open space requirements for each zoning district. Development standards for the six residential zoning classifications and two overlay districts are provided in Table H-32. Residential land use regulations allow for single-family detached development by right at allowable densities between 0 and 12 units per acre. Single-family detached housing at higher densities may be achieved under a Specific Plan Overlay for individual projects as long as overall density established by the General Plan is not exceeded. Single-family attached and multifamily development is permitted by right at densities between 8 and 16 units per acre and these types of residential uses are also permitted in lower density zones under the provisions of a specific plan. A variety of residential development is possible in the City, ranging in average density from less than two units per acre for lands designated Low Density to 16 units per acre in the High Density and Regional Commercial categories. If a density bonus is utilized, greater residential densities may be achieved in any zone. The Municipal Code conforms to state law and permits increased densities subject to inclusion of affordable housing (density bonus). Table H-33 identifies the list of permitted uses by residential district. Lower Density Residential Districts The RVL and RL zones provide for low density residential uses with densities consistent with the General Plan VLDR and LDR designations (two and four units per acre, respectively). Single-family development in lower density zones is allowed through a building permit, following administrative review for consistency with the Municipal Code and state requirements. Developments requiring a tract map to establish new lots of record are reviewed by various City departments and adopted through Planning Commission and City Council public hearings. Typical conditions of approval relate to environmental quality such as erosion control, storm drainage, and access. Higher density uses such as patio homes, duplexes, attached single-family dwellings, townhomes, and condominiums may be permitted in RVL and RL zones when part of a specific plan, as long as the overall density of the specific plan project does not exceed that permitted by the underlying zone. The specific plan is reviewed by various City departments and a determination is made by the City Council at a regularly scheduled public hearing. Specific plans are typically adopted by resolution and are common throughout the City. One guest house per lot under 10 acres is permitted concurrently with new housing development in the RVL and RL zones, or a guest house can be constructed on an already developed lot in those zones. Current City policy permits guest houses without a Minor Use Permit. This practice will be codified following Program 2.3. Guest houses are affordable to all income levels because City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page 6-7 they are provided free-of-charge. Per the La Quinta Municipal Code, no rent may be charged for guest houses, which are intended to provide free housing for relatives, guests, and household employees. Another form of accessory housing, second units, are permitted by right in the RVL and RL zones. Multiple second units on one site are conditionally permitted. Development in the Cove, under RC zoning, allows for development and preservation of the character of the Cove, with one story single-family detached dwellings. The Zoning Code also establishes a minimum 7,200-square-foot lot size, which may require lot consolidation in some circumstances. However, as the majority of the Cove was originally subdivided into 5,000 square foot lots, existing lots less than 7,200 square feet are considered buildable nonconforming lots. Medium and High Density Residential Districts The RM, RMH, and RH zones allow an upper range of development density consistent with the General Plan MDR, MHDR, and HDR designations (8, 12, and 16 units per acre, respectively). Minimum side yards and setbacks are required where a project abuts an exterior boundary or a public street. However, lot coverage, width, and setbacks within a project are variable to allow for clustering or creative lot configurations, as well as creating space for desired recreational and open space amenities. The City’s Zoning Code readily accommodates the clustering concept and plans for a diversity of residential housing types. It allows for innovation in design standards and densities as long as the overall density and dwelling unit capacity is not exceeded. Residential compatibility standards have been incorporated into the Zoning Code, which governs conditions where higher or lower density uses are proposed than the General Plan designation. Single-family attached housing is allowed in the RM zone through a specific plan, which allows for unique development standards and product arrangement. Specific plan approval is determined by the City Council at regularly scheduled public hearings. Single-family attached housing is allowed in RMH and RH zones through the Site Development Permit, an internal design review approved as a business item at regularly scheduled Planning Commission public hearings. Multifamily development is allowed in all three zones with a Site Development Permit, following the aforementioned procedure. Residential Uses in Nonresidential Districts There are development opportunities for residential uses in several of La Quinta’s nonresidential zones (Table H-34). Single-family residential uses are permitted under a specific plan in the Regional Commercial (CR) zone. Multifamily housing is permitted under a CUP in the CR and Commercial Park (CP) zones, and through a Village Use Permit in the Village Commercial (VC) zone. Residential uses at densities consistent with the High Density residential designations are permitted in the Village Commercial District subject to the Housing Constraints Page 6-8 December 2010 granting of a Village Use Permit, which is also required for nonresidential development in the Village area. A Village Use Permit is a Site Development Permit specific to the Village area, and allows for the review of the project for compliance with the Village at La Quinta Design Guidelines in addition to the Zoning Ordinance, Municipal Code, and state requirements. Village Use Permits are approved at regularly scheduled Planning Commission public hearings, just like a Site Development Permit. The development standards in the Village are more permissive than for typical single- and multifamily housing projects and are not considered a constraint to housing development. Projects can be developed in the Village Commercial District that are 100 percent residential in use, as there is no requirement that a project be a mix of residential and nonresidential uses. Development standards specific to the Village currently include a 35-foot maximum height. Setbacks along front, side, and rear property lines are not required. Additionally, the VC zone does not require open space to be set aside for each residential unit. Residential floors generally range from 10–12 feet in height. If a project contains solely residential uses, the 35-foot height limit does not constrain development. If a project incorporates commercial and residential uses, the commercial uses will be located on the first floor and generally seek a floor height of 15–18 feet to generate greater visibility for passing pedestrians and cars (but this floor height is not required by the Municipal Code). Through Program 1.5 the City may allow a third story which, even if nonresidential in use, will tend to be 10 feet in height. Under the current height standard, a mixed-use project could construct three stories of development if the first floor is a maximum of 15 feet in height. If the first floor is 16–18 feet, however, the project would be limited to two stories in height. With a limitation to two stories, the current maximum density of 16 units per acre remains feasible as only one level of residential development is needed. For example, to build 16 multifamily units (e.g., 1,500 square feet per unit) on a one-acre piece of land would require 24,000 square feet of building area. Even after reducing the building area on a one-acre piece of land by 40 percent to accommodate parking and other features (those that are not required by development standards but are common development practices such as providing common walkways and open space areas), the buildable area on a one-acre piece of land is approximately 26,000 square feet. If a project consisted of two levels of residential development, a project built at 16 units per acre would only need 12,000 square feet of building area per floor; alternatively, the units could increase in size. Variations in parking requirements, including shared parking applications, may be approved. Program 1.5 will facilitate residential development opportunities in the VC zone by amending the Municipal Code to permit residential development between 12 and 24 units per acre. Even with the current maximum density standard of 16 units per acre, the City has received interest from developers for projects at 20 units per acre (using a density bonus). Under City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page 6-9 Program 1.5, the City would also consider increasing the height limit to 40 feet. Although the increased height limit would not be required to achieve 24 units per acre, it would provide greater flexibility in building envelopes and commercial and residential floor plates. Residential development in the CP zone must conform to the City’s standards for High Density Residential development and affordability requirements if in a Nonresidential Overlay. These zones do not have any performance requirements that mandate commercial or other nonresidential development. The CR zone generally corresponds to areas designated by the General Plan as Regional Commercial. Parcels zoned CR along Highway 111 are subject to a 600- foot setback known as the Nonresidential Overlay, in which residential uses are not permitted unless they meet certain conditions: ■■ Are included as part of a project on a minimum 20-acre site; ■■ Constitute no more than 20 percent of the total project square footage; ■■ Are integrated into a larger development (i.e., no stand alone residential); ■■ Serve a legitimate purpose such as employee housing; ■■ 50 percent of the units must be affordable to lower income households Residential uses in the CR zone outside of the 600-foot setback Nonresidential Overlay include: ■■ Multifamily and single-family uses; ■■ The application may be for a project that is 100 percent residential; ■■ A minimum of 15 percent of the units must be offered at prices/rents affordable to Very low and Low income households. ■■ A Specific Plan is required; ■■ Where project sites are less than 20 acres, the project shall be single use (i.e., all residential and no commercial, or no residential and all commercial) Some unique residential opportunities in nonresidential zones include resort residential under a specific plan in the CR zone and conditionally permitted in the CC and Tourist Commercial (CT) zones. Recreational vehicle rental and ownership parks are conditionally permitted in the CR, CC, and CT zones. Several forms of special needs housing are allowed in nonresidential zones. Boarding houses, senior group housing, and SRO hotels are conditionally permitted in the CR zone. Emergency shelters are permitted in all commercial zones; however the use is undefined in the Municipal Code. Amendments to the Municipal Code will define emergency shelters and permit them without discretionary approval in the MC zone and conditionally permit them in the CR zone (Program 5.7). Transitional shelters are defined in the Municipal Code as emergency-oriented housing facilities that are conditionally permitted in the CR and MC zones. The Municipal Code will be amended to better define transitional Housing Constraints Page 6-10 December 2010 housing for stays up to two years and permit this use as any other residential use in residential zones, not in nonresidential zones (Program 5.7). The Municipal Code will also be amended to further encourage and facilitate residential development opportunities in commercial zones. Up to two stories of residential uses will be permitted above commercial uses by right in the CR, CC, CP, and Neighborhood Commercial (CN) zones (Program 1.5). Expanding opportunities for vertically mixed-use development will increase the City’s capacity for new attached housing without changing the City’s lower density character. Attached housing types, which can generally be more affordable and lower maintenance than single-family detached homes, may provide much needed new housing opportunities for La Quinta’s single-parents, workforce, and seniors. City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page 6-11 TABLE H-32 2008 Residential Development Standards Development Standard RVL RL RC RM RMH RH CR VC Min. Lot Size for Single- Family Dwelling 20,000 7,200 7,200 5,000 3,600 2,000 [A] [C] Min. Project Size for Multifamily Projects N/A N/A N/A N/A 20,000 20,000 [A] [C] Min. Lot Frontage for Single- Family Dwellings (ft) 100 60 60 50 40 N/A [A] [C] Min. Frontage for Multifamily Projects N/A N/A N/A N/A 100 100 [A] [C] Max. Structure Height (ft) 1 28 28 17 28 28 40 50 35 Max. No. of Stories 2 2 1 2 2 3 4 2 Min. Front Yard Setback (ft) 30 20 20 20 20 20 [A] [D] Min. Garage Setback N/A 25 25 25 25 25 [A] [D] Min. Interior/Exterior Side Yard Setback (ft) 10/20 5/10 5/10 5/10 5/10 10/15 [A] [D] Min. Rear Yard Setback (ft) 30 20/10 10 15 15 20 [A] [D] Max. Lot Coverage (% of net lot area) 40 50 60 60 60 60 [A] [C] Min. Livable Area Excluding Garage (sf) 2,500 1,400 1,400 1,400 1,400 (MF: 750) MF: 750 [A] [C] Min. Common Open Area N/A N/A N/A 30% 30% 30% [A] [C] Min. Perimeter Landscape Setbacks (ft) 10/20 10/20 N/A 10/20 10/20 10/20 [B] [C] Source: City of La Quinta Municipal Code 2008 1 Within 150 feet of any General Plan designated Image Corridor is 17 feet in the RC zone and 22 feet in other zones. [A] Subject to a specific plan. [B] See Section 9.90.040 of the Municipal Code. [C] Dependent upon use and density. [D] Setback criteria shall be determined based on the existing site conditions and surroundings, in conjunction with the guidelines and the proposed project characteristics. Housing Constraints Page 6-12 December 2010 TABLE H-33 2008 Permitted Residential Uses by Residential Zoning District Land Use Residential Zoning District Very Low Low Cove Medium Medium High High RVL RL RC RM RMH RH Conventional Housing Single-Family Detached P P P P P S Duplex S S S S P P Single-Family Attached S S X S P P Condominium Multifamily S S X S P P Apartment Multifamily X X X P P P Mobile Home Park C C C C C C Mobile Home Subdivision and Manufactured Home P P P P P X Resort Residential C C X C C C Special Needs Housing Congregate Living Facility (<6) 1 P P P P P X Congregate Care Facility 2 C C C C C C Emergency Shelter 3 X X X X X X Guest House 4 A A A X X X Residential Care Facility (≥6) 5 P P P P P P Second Unit A A A A A A Second Units (multiple) 6 C C X X X X Senior Citizen Residence (<6) P P P P P P Senior Group Housing (7+) 7 X X X X C C Single Room Occupancy 8 X X X X X X Transitional Shelter 9 X X X X X X Source: City of La Quinta Municipal Code 2008 P = Principal use; C = Conditional use permit; M = Minor use permit; S= Specific plan; A = Accessory use; X = Prohibited use 1 Single-family residential facility that is licensed by the state to provide living and treatment facilities on a monthly or longer basis for six or fewer developmentally disabled persons or six or fewer persons undergoing treatment for alcohol or drug abuse and that is permitted in single-family residences by operation of state law. 2 A facility providing care on a monthly basis or longer that is the primary residence of the people it serves. It provides services to the residents such as dining, housekeeping, security, medical, transportation and recreation. 3 Emergency shelters are not defined in the Municipal Code. Program 5.7 will amend the Municipal Code to adequately describe emergency shelter facilities and permit this use without a conditional use permit in the MC zone and with a conditional use permit in the CR zone. 4 Current City practice is to permit guest houses as an accessory use without a Minor Use Permit in all residential zones. Program 2.3 proposed to amend the Municipal Code to reflect this practice. 5 A residential facility licensed by the state to provide living and treatment facilities on a monthly or longer basis for six or fewer of the following: wards of the juvenile court, elderly persons, mentally disordered persons, handicapped persons or dependent and neglected children. Such a facility is permitted in all types of residences by operation of state law. 6 More than one guest house or second residential unit may be permitted on a lot with approval of a CUP in the Very Low/Low Density zones. 7 A residential development developed or substantially renovated for and occupied by seven or more senior citizens (includes senior citizen hotels, retirement hotels and senior citizen apartments). 8 A residential facility that is rented on a weekly or longer basis and provides living and sleeping facilities for one or two persons per unit. Each unit contains a toilet and sink. Shower, kitchen, and laundry facilities may be shared. 9 The Municipal Code currently provides an inadequate definition of transitional shelter that is oriented toward short-term and emergency needs. Program 5.7 will amend this definition to adequately describe transitional housing facilities and permit transitional housing as any other residential use in a residential zone. Transitional housing will not be permitted in nonresidential zones. City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page 6-13 TABLE H-34 2008 Permitted Residential Uses by Nonresidential Zoning District Land Use Zoning District Regional Commercial Commercial Park Community Commercial Neighborhood commercial Tourist Commercial Office Commercial Major Community Facilities Village Commercial CR CP CC CN CT CO MC VC Conventional Housing Single- Family Residential S X X X X X X V Multifamily Housing S S X X X X X V Resort Residential S X C X C X X X RV Rental/ Ownership Parks C X C X C X X X Special Needs Housing Emergency Shelter 2 P P P P P P P P Rooming/ Boarding Housing C X X X X x X X Senior Group Housing 3 C X X X X X X X Single Room Occupancy Hotel 4 C X X X X X X X Transitional Shelter 5 C X X X X X C X Source: City of La Quinta Municipal Code 2008 P = Principal use; C = Conditional use permit; M = Minor use permit; S= Specific plan; V = Village Use Permit; A = Accessory use; X = Prohibit ed use Residential over commercial mixed-use development will be permitted by right of zone in the CR, CP, CC, CN, CT, and CO zones (Program 1.5). Residential over retail is already permitted in the VC zone with a Village Use Permit. 1 Multifamily housing includes duplexes, apartments, and other types of housing for multiple families. 2 Emergency shelters are not defined in the Munici pal Code. Program 5.7 will amend the Municipal Code to adequately describe emergency shelter facilities and permit this use without a conditional use permit in the MC zone and with a conditional use permit in the CR zone. 3 A residential development that is developed or substantially renovated for and occupied by seven or more senior citizens (includes senior citizen hotels, ret irement hotels and senior citizen apartments). 4 A residential facility that is rented on a weekly or longer basis and provides living and sleeping facilities for one or two persons per unit. Each unit contains a toilet and sink. Shower, kitchen, and laundry facilities may be shared. 5 The Municipal Code currently provides an inadequate definition of transitional shelter that is orien ted toward short-term and emergency needs. Program 5.7 will amend this definition to adequately describe transitional housing facilities and permit transitional housing as any other residenti al use in a residential zone. Transitional housing will not be permitted in nonresidential zones. Housing Constraints Page 6-14 December 2010 Density Bonus California law (Government Code Sec. 65915 et seq.) allows for an increase in the density of a residential development when a developer donates land or constructs affordable housing as a part of a project. The City will update its zoning code to reflect amendments to density bonus law (Program 2.3). A density bonus of 20 percent above the maximum permitted density may be granted if a project includes 5 percent of the units at rates affordable to very low income households or 10 percent of the units at rates affordable to low income households. If 10 percent of the total units are affordable to moderate income households in a common interest development, then the project is eligible to receive a 5 percent density bonus. In addition, a sliding scale requires additional density bonuses above the base 20 percent: ■■ The very low income density bonus increases by 2.5 percent for each 1 percent increase in very low income units above the 5 percent minimum. ■■ The low income density bonus increases by 1.5 percent for each 1 percent increase in low income units above the 10 percent minimum. ■■ The moderate income density bonus increases by 1 percent for each 1 percent increase above the 10 percent minimum. The maximum density bonus is 35 percent over the maximum allowable density under the applicable zoning and General Plan designation. With a density bonus, allowable residential densities range from 2.7 units per acre in the RVL zone to 21.6 units per acre in the high density and mixed-use zones and specific plans. Following an amendment to the maximum density in the High Density and Village Commercial zones, and implementation of an Affordable Housing Overlay (Program 1.5), the maximum density achievable through a density bonus will be 32.4 units per acre. Projects that are restricted to senior residents are also eligible to a density bonus of 20 percent without any income-restricted units. The density bonus is not required to exceed 20 percent and is not subject to the sliding scale mentioned above unless a minimum number of income-restricted units are included. In addition to the density bonus the City must also provide incentives or concessions: ■■ A reduction in site development standards or a modification of zoning code requirements or architectural design requirements (e.g., reduced setbacks or parking); City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page 6-15 ■■ Approval of mixed-use zoning in conjunction with the housing project; or ■■ Other regulatory incentives or concessions proposed by the developer or the City that result in identifiable cost reductions. Additionally, upon the request of the developer, no jurisdiction shall require a vehicular parking ratio, inclusive of handicapped and guest parking that exceeds the following ratios: ■■ Zero to one bedroom: one on-site parking space. ■■ Two to three bedrooms: two on-site parking spaces. ■■ Four and more bedrooms: two and one-half parking spaces. Second Unit and Guest House/Employee Quarter Requirements Second units are independent living quarters on existing home lots that typically provide affordable rental opportunities for lower and moderate income households, including seniors, disabled persons, single parents, domestic employees, and extended family members. Second units create additional housing opportunities on already developed or developing parcels. Second units are often referred to as “casitas” throughout the Coachella Valley. To facilitate affordable housing development second units are permitted in all residential-only zones. The City revised its Second Unit Ordinance in 2007 to remove a requirement for a minor use permit and instead permits second units by right as an accessory structure. Additionally, the City now permits the construction of more than one second unit with the approval of a conditional use permit in the Very Low and Low Density Residential zones. Conditions on the second unit (or units) require that no interest in the second residential unit may be sold separately from the remainder of the property, though the unit may be rented; that the lot contain an existing single-family dwelling that conforms to the minimum lot size requirement; that the second unit is no larger than 1,200 square feet or 30 percent of the primary home; and must have its own off-street parking space. More than half of the single-family detached homes approved in La Quinta in recent years include a second unit or guest house. Guest houses are detached or attached units with sleeping and sanitary facilities, but no cooking facilities. Per Municipal Code Section 9.60.100, no rent may be charged for residency or stay in a guest house. The purpose of guest houses is to provide free on-site housing for relatives, guests and domestic employees. This type of second unit is particularly important to provide housing opportunities for the City’s extremely low income workforce. Similar to a second unit, a guest house may not exceed 30 percent of the square footage of the primary structure and must conform to lot coverage requirements. The Municipal Code currently calls for a Minor Use Permit for a guest Housing Constraints Page 6-16 December 2010 house/employee quarters. Implementing Program 2.3 will permit guest houses and employee quarters as an accessory use without a Minor Use Permit. A second unit rental survey performed in July and August 2008 indicated that the average asking rent for a one-bedroom second unit in La Quinta is $704 per month. The average asking rent is readily affordable to low income one-person households. Although no studio units were listed for rent at the time of the survey, some studio units are expected to be affordable to very low income households. Guest houses/employee quarters, which must be provided free of monetary rent per the Municipal Code, are therefore affordable to lower income households. Both types of second units are a resource for lower income households, including seniors, single-parents, and low wage-earning workers, among other groups. The City is seeking to encourage the addition of second units and guest houses/employee quarters. The City will publish a brochure that defines these products, provides an outline of development requirements, and explains the permitting process through Program 2.2. By disseminating this information the City is increasing the potential for affordable housing on developed lots, including very low density lots, which would otherwise be unlikely locations for affordable housing. Between 1998 and 2005, 539 second units and guest houses/employee quarters were constructed in La Quinta. Based on recent development trends it is projected that approximately 500 second units and guest house/employee quarters could be developed between 2008 and 2014. Manufactured Housing Requirements Manufactured housing and mobile homes are considered housing alternatives, especially for serving the needs of lower-income households. Manufactured homes and mobile home subdivisions are a permitted use in any residential- only zone except for High Density Residential. Manufactured housing on a single-family lot must obtain a minor use permit by approval of the Planning Commission to ensure that it is consistent with the development standards in single-family zones. Parking Requirements Parking requirements in the City of La Quinta, shown in Table H-35, are typical for a city of its size with resort oriented characteristics. Additionally, the parking requirements for special needs uses are relatively minimal and facilitate the construction of such uses. Reductions required parking spaces is often a concession granted to affordable housing developers through the City’s density bonus provisions. Overall, the parking requirements do not directly constrain the development of housing. The requirements for 1.7 spaces for a one-bedroom multiple family unit and 2.5 spaces for two-bedroom units may be in excess of need in projects catering to seniors or lower income households. These groups may generally be more transit dependent than other income groups. It has been documented that City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page 6-17 “residents of multifamily housing tend to run fewer cars and use them less often.” However, the City does allow for parking reductions, shared parking, and in-lieu fees (applicable to the Village Commercial district) on a case-by-case basis. The City may also consider the reduction or modification of parking requirements associated with a second unit applications catering to seniors or disabled occupants. The City will study special parking reductions for residential above retail, senior housing, and housing in the Village through programs 1.6 and 3.4. TABLE H-35 Parking Requirements for Residential Uses Land Use Minimum Off-Street Parking Spaces Guest Spaces Single-Family Units Single-Family Detached, Single-Family Attached and Duplex 2 spaces per unit in a garage 0.5 guest space per unit if no on-street parking is available Townhome 2 spaces per unit in a garage 0.8 guest space per unit Mobile Home Park 2 covered spaces per unit (tandem permitted) 0.8 guest space per unit Multifamily Units Studio 1 covered space per unit 0.5 guest space per unit One Bedroom 1.2 covered spaces per unit 0.5 guest space per unit Two Bedrooms 2 covered spaces per unit 0.5 guest space per unit Three or More Bedrooms 3 covered spaces per unit, plus 0.5 covered space per each bedroom over three 0.5 guest space per unit Special Needs Guest House/Employee Quarters 1 covered or uncovered space. This space shall not be tandem. Second Unit 1 covered or uncovered space. This space shall not be tandem. Senior Group Housing, Senior Citizen Hotel, and Congregate Care Facility 5 covered spaces per unit 0.5 guest space per unit Single Room Occupancy Hotel 1 space per sleeping room Source: City of La Quinta Municipal Code 2008 Subdivision Improvement Requirements The City maintains subdivision improvement requirements that contribute to the cost of housing. In many cases, a developer may be required to provide any or all of the required improvements within a subdivision or a single residential project. Although the provision of these improvements or actions required to meet subdivision requirements may cumulatively add costs to the provision of housing, they are not considered a deterrent, as they are generally required with public safety as the underlying factor. Pertinent improvements include: Housing Constraints Page 6-18 December 2010 Street Design for Public and Private Streets Generally, the developer is required to meet the following standards: ■■ Full-width street improvements for all internal subdivision streets and alleys shall be installed, ■■ Where a subdivision borders a public street, the developer shall provide half-width right-of-way improvements, plus one additional travel lane on the opposite side of the centerline if it does not already exist, ■■ Additional rights-of-way or easements shall be provided to accommodate roadway slopes, bicycle or equestrian trails/lanes, and other required facilities, ■■ Alleys shall be a minimum of 20 feet wide and cul-de-sacs shall not exceed 600 feet, ■■ Street connections must be at 90 degree angles, ■■ Local streets shall be a minimum of 60 feet in width with 36–40 feet curb to curb, and 20–24 feet for landscape parkway and cul-de-sacs shall be a minimum width of 50 feet with 32–36 feet curb to curb and 14–18 feet for landscape parkway, ■■ Private streets are limited to 36 feet in width when development is double loaded, 32 feet when single loaded, ■■ The minimum right-of-way radius for cul-de-sac bulbs must be 45 feet. ■■ Street Improvements ■■ A number of street improvements are required to be installed by the developer. ■■ Sidewalks are required to be provided on both sides of the street within public rights-of-way of all General Plan designated arterial and collector streets; for local streets in residential areas and in areas designated rural residential overlay where densities exceed 3 du/ac, ■■ Transit facilities such as bus turnouts and covered bus shelters and benches are required on General Plan designated arterial and collector streets, ■■ Improvements extending beyond subdivision boundaries may be required, such as (but not limited to) street width transitions; pavement elevation transitions and other incidental work deemed necessary by the City Engineer, ■■ Other improvements required to be provided by the developer may include: traffic signs; channelization markings/devices; street name signs; medians; and mailbox clusters, ■■ Prior to occupancy of buildings within the subdivision, the developer shall install traffic control devices and street name signs along access roads to the homes or buildings. City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page 6-19 Access Points Access to streets from properties and developments are regulated as follows: ■■ Single-family lots shall gain access from adjoining local, collector, or private streets with secondary access provided by an alley, ■■ Multifamily developments may gain access from any category of streets, provided that only one primary entry from an arterial is permitted, ■■ Secondary access is required for parcels of two acres or more. Utilities The developer shall provide improvements connecting the subdivision to the domestic water supply and distribution system operated by the Coachella Valley Water District, and is required to connect to an existing sewer collection system. ■■ If an existing system is not available and septic systems are not appropriate, a package treatment plant and collector system shall be required, ■■ If a subdivision is filed that proposes a density of two or more lots per acre and if a connection to a wet sewer system is not required, the installation of a dry sewer system may be required. Landscape Setbacks Landscape setbacks for residential subdivisions shall be created on the final map as lettered lots. ■■ If subdivision streets are gated and privately maintained, the landscape setback lots shall be dedicated to the homeowner’s association. ■■ If subdivision streets are ungated, the lots shall be dedicated to the City. ■■ Minimum setback widths shall be 20 feet from primary arterial streets, 10 feet from secondary arterial streets, and 10 feet from collector streets. Local Processing and Permit Procedures The cost of holding land by a developer during the evaluation and review process is frequently cited by builders as a contributing factor to the high cost of housing. The California Government Code establishes permitted time periods for local agencies to review and act upon private development proposals. Typical local development application processing times identified in Table H-36 reflect both single- and multifamily uses. Multifamily projects generally have shorter processing times than single-family tract maps because Site Development Permits are approved at Planning Commission, while tract maps have to go to City Council for review. State-imposed time restrictions are identified in Table H-37. Housing Constraints Page 6-20 December 2010 TABLE H-36 Local Development Processing Times Item Typical Length of Time From Submittal to Public Hearing Minor Use Permit 1–2 weeks Village Use Permit 9–12 weeks Site Development Permit 8–10 weeks Conditional Use Permit 9–12 weeks Tentative Tract Map 10–12 weeks Variance 8–10 weeks Zoning Amendments or Zone Change 9–12 weeks General Plan Amendment 12–16 weeks Specific Plan 12–16 weeks Environmental Documentation Runs with application Source: City of La Quinta 2008 TABLE H-37 State Development Processing Time Limits Item State Maximum General Plan Amendment None Zone Change None Subdivision Action on Tentative Map 50 Days Environmental Documentation/CEQA Review of Application for Completeness 30 Days Determination of NEG DEC or EIR Requirement 1 30 Days Completion of NEG DEC Requirement 105 Days Certification of Final EIR 1 Year Source:: City of La Quinta 2008 1 The City attempts to process the Negative Declaration so that it runs with application Site Development Permit The purpose of the site development permit is to review detailed plans for proposed development projects to ensure that the standards of the Zoning Code, including the permitted uses, development standards and supplemental regulations are satisfied. If the proposed project is part of a previously adopted Specific Plan, the review and approval of Site Development Permit application may be streamlined as called for in the Specific Plan. The site development permit process enables the Architecture and Landscape Review Committee and Planning Commission to review the site plan; architectural, lighting and landscape plans; related development plans; and sign programs. The Architecture and Landscape Review Committee is a technical advisory group that is allowed one opportunity to make design recommendations, but they cannot establish conditions or grant approvals. The Planning Commission does not exercise discretionary review over the proposed land use; the focus on the Site Development Permit is on issues of site planning and design. City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page 6-21 A Site Development Permit may take a minimum of 6 weeks for review, but the process could take as long as almost 3 months. To reduce the amount of time required for plan review, the City provides no-cost preliminary project review to give the applicant information on City requirements and project feedback prior to committing to the application process. Preliminary review can save the applicant both time and money, making the proposed development more cost effective. Minor Use Permit The purpose of the minor use permit (MUP) is to provide for individual review of uses that may have compatibility problems. When such uses are approved, conditions may be placed on their establishment to mitigate or eliminate such impacts. The only residential use requiring a MUP is manufactured housing established on a single-family lot. Most MUPs are administratively approved by Planning Department staff. Occasionally the project is reviewed by the Planning Commission at a public hearing to ensure that it is consistent with the development standards in single-family zones. Conditional Use Permit A conditional use permit is required by the City for a number of uses which pertain to higher density housing and residential uses within nonresidential designations. For example, a CUP is required for senior group housing proposed in a CR, RMH, or RH zone, and for congregate care facilities in any residential designation. The CR zone also permits single-family attached and multifamily uses with a CUP, as well as SRO uses and emergency shelters. The requirement for a CUP may add a few weeks time to the processing schedule by requiring a public hearing before the Planning Commission and City Council. However, a CUP is often processed concurrently with a specific plan or SDP; therefore no additional time is required for the processing of the CUP. For projects proposed outside of a specific plan the public hearing increases the entitlement time. The CUP is an important component of ensuring quality design and compatible uses. Typical findings required to approve a CUP are consistency with the goals, objectives, and policies of the General Plan, consistency with the Zoning Code, compliance with CEQA, and certification that the proposed project is neither detrimental to the health, safety, and welfare of the public nor injurious to adjacent uses. The most common specific conditions of approval relate to mitigating environmental impacts such as erosion, storm water runoff, and traffic. These conditions are necessary to protect environmental integrity and public health and safety and are not considered a constraint to housing development. Discussions with affordable housing developers have consistently indicated that the City’s CUP process does not significantly inhibits the process or cost of building affordable housing. Housing Constraints Page 6-22 December 2010 Specific Plan Specific plans are areas with unique regulations designed to provide more flexibility than permitted through the Municipal Code. The processing of a specific plan can add several months to the overall project schedule. However, the additional entitlement rights, flexibility in design and use, and infrastructure negotiations obtained through the specific plan process generally outweigh the impacts of the additional time expenditure. Specific plans must be reviewed by the Planning Commission and City Council at a public hearing. In La Quinta specific plans are usually adopted by resolution. The required findings for approval are consistency with the goals, objectives, and policies of the General Plan; certification that the project does not create conditions that are detrimental to public health, safety, and welfare; and proof that uses are compatible with nearby uses and the property is suitable for the proposed project. The City allows the concurrent processing of applications to accelerate the process. For example, for a Specific Plan that also requires a CUP both permits would be processed at the same time so no additional review time is necessary. Overall, the processing periods and procedures are not considered a constraint to the production of housing by the development community. The City processes residential projects within statutory time frames. The processing period is actually expedited for projects within adopted specific plan areas, as environmental review has been conducted and standards have been imposed, e.g., exactions and payment schedules, design, etc, for the entire area and in itself does not significantly impact housing construction costs. Village Use Permit The purpose of the Village Use Permit (VUP) is to provide the City with an opportunity to review new development projects proposed in the Village Commercial (VC) zone. Any potential project applicant in the Village area has the option to file a preliminary development plan to ascertain anticipated conditions, requirements, and costs associated with a proposal. This allows the applicant to be informed of any potentially significant issues that may affect any decision to pursue the project and provides an opportunity to alter the project prior to the formal submittal process. The preliminary development plan process is free of charge and encouraged as a means of providing clarity to the development community. Most new development projects in the VC zone require a VUP. All uses allowed as primary uses in the VC zone are permitted by right. The VUP is not a review of the actual use, rather it is a development review process used in the Village. Residential uses between 12 and 16 units per acre are permitted in the VC zone with a VUP and undergo the same approval process as a commercial project. Most projects in the VC zone are infill and are exempt from CEQA and associated fees, thus streamlining the process and reducing development impact costs. The City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page 6-23 Village at La Quinta Design Guidelines (Guidelines) encourages the development of residential and mixed uses in the Village, and provides a greater level of certainty and transparency for the applicant. The overall goal of the Guidelines is to, “establish The Village at La Quinta as a mixed-use area, providing a wide range of residential and commercial opportunities.” The land use section sets for the following general guidelines: ■■ The Village shall include residential mixes ■■ Residential uses shall locate above commercial uses in common buildings or may be in stand-alone multifamily buildings ■■ Mixed use projects are not subject to any floor area ratio or lot coverage standards ■■ Compact groupings are encouraged to promote pedestrian mobility Other topics covered in the Guidelines include vehicle traffic, pedestrian movement, building character, site design, streetscape, and signage. Building character and site design standards reflect the need for building facades that shade visitors from the sun (arcades, awnings, courtyards, etc.) and encourage the creation of pedestrian spaces. The Guidelines were developed to show the development community how to achieve high quality development without reducing development potential. In fact, the Guidelines provide more flexible design standards and do not contain requirements or standards that constrain the development of affordable or market rate housing. Projects that follow the Guidelines will generate a compact, walkable, and aesthetically pleasing mixed use development. Village Use Permits are approved at regularly scheduled Planning Commission hearings. Typical findings for approval include consistency with the City’s General Plan, Zoning Code, CEQA, Village at La Quinta Design Guidelines, and a determination that the proposed project will not be detrimental to public health, safety, and welfare or injurious to adjacent uses. Permitting Mixed Use Development Mixed use development can provide a lively, walkable, and convenient living and visiting experience. Several zoning districts in the City allow mixed use development. Mixed use projects and exclusively residential projects in the VC zone are processed through the typical VUP process described above. Should a project in the VC zone not meet the development regulations, such as having features above the maximum height, the project can be processed as a specific plan with unique design guidelines tailored to the site and project needs. Mixed use residential projects in the CP district are permitted by CUP and undergo the typical CUP process described above. The public hearing required for the CUP process generally adds two weeks beyond the typical Site Development Permit processing time. The City has not determined any conditions of approval specific to mixed use development; conditions are Housing Constraints Page 6-24 December 2010 determined on a case-by-case basis, reflecting the context and design of each project. Affordable housing developers in the area have indicated that the CUP process in La Quinta has not posed a constraint to affordable housing projects. However, many applicants choose to process new projects in specific plans in order to take advantage of the flexibility created though establishing unique design guidelines. Given that much of the City has been developed through the specific plan process, it has proven to be a desirable option and has not inhibited housing development. Specific plans are reviewed at public hearings by the Planning Commission and City Council and can be processed concurrently with other permits, thus reducing time spent in the approval process. The CR zone only permits mixed use residential development through the typical specific plan process described above. A specific plan creates context- sensitive residential uses in a zone typically characterized by big box commercial uses and ensures that the project will be designed to mitigate conflicts between uses. Through program 1.5 the City intends to expand residential uses to the CN and CC zones, and increase allowable densities in the VC, CP, and CR zones from 16 to 24 units per acre. Encouraging and facilitating the development of residential and mixed use projects in these districts increases the range and amount of housing opportunity in La Quinta. Through Program 1.6 the City will identify adequate design standards to accommodate this new allowance for residential-over-retail development. The City views the intentional mixing of residential and commercial uses as a source for favorable relationships that improve mobility, housing choice, and jobs/housing balance. Development and Processing Fees Development fees set by the City and other regional fees, cover the costs for infrastructure, environmental protection, public services, and utilities incurred by residential development. These fees impact the cost of housing, and may therefore reduce the ability for unassisted market-rate housing to provide units affordable to low income households. In addition to City fees and assessments, developers of new dwellings will be obligated to pay Multi-Species Habitat Conservation Plan fees, Fish and Game fees, Art in Public Places fees, development impact fees (Table H-38), and other special district assessments that will impact residential projects. Generally, City fees either pay for the processing of an application or the funding of a proportional share of major facility fees associated with delivery of essential public services such as sewer, water, fire protection, stormwater drainage, and parks. City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page 6-25 Costs associated with the permitting process are a potential constraint to the development of low-income housing. Table H-39 presents an overview of City fees for an average 1,500-square-foot tract home with a two-car garage in a low density subdivision and an average 950-square-foot multifamily home with a two-car garage. The table can only reflect a fee estimate, since it is not feasible to take all possibilities into consideration. Fees can vary considerably, dependent upon whether or not improvements such as water and sewer lines, streets, curbs, or gutters exist. If the developer installs off-site improvements, the costs usually added to the cost of the dwelling and passed on to the buyer. The City charges fees and assessments that correspond and pay for the cost of processing various types of applications, as shown in Table H-40. However, the City offers a 50 percent cost reduction on fees when multiple applications are simultaneously processed, such as for a specific plan, EIR, and development agreement running concurrently on the same property. In such a case, the highest fee is charged in full, with the remaining fees charged at a 50 percent discount. While the fees charged by the City add to the cost of housing and therefore are a constraint to the provision of affordable housing, infrastructure improvements and processing must be paid. A comparison of the City’s fees with other communities in the Coachella Valley indicates that the City generally charges comparable fees to other cities, with some fees higher and some fees lower, although specific costs and classifications of permit fees vary. TABLE H-38 Impact Fees Per Unit of Development Land Use Type Development Units Fee Residential (SFD) 1 Dwelling Unit $7,713 Residential (SFA) 2 Dwelling Unit $6,296 Residential (MFA) 3 Dwelling Unit $2,745 Office/Hospital KSF 4 $4,018 General Commercial KSF $3,512 Tourist Commercial Room $1,165 Golf Courses Acre $418 Source: City of La Quinta 2008 1 Residential–single-family detached, fee amount expected to be adopted in 2010. 2 Residential–single-family attached, fee amount expected to be adopted in 2010. 3 Residential–multifamily and other 4 KSF = 1,000 square feet of gross building area Housing Constraints Page 6-26 December 2010 TABLE H-39 Development Fees for Typical Single-Family and Multifamily Homes Type of Fee Cost Per Unit Multifamily 1 Single-Family 2 Building Fees Construction $421.63 $591.30 Plan Check (Standard Plan) $615.97 $817.78 Mechanical $68.50 $75.00 Plumbing 1 Bath = $120.00 2 Bath = $144.00 Electrical $126.00 $176.00 Strong Motion Instrumentation $5.15 $8.93 Grading $20.00 $20.00 CVWD Water/Sewer Fee $4,325 $4,325 Other Fees (Location) DSUSD School Fee Residential–($2.63/SF) CVUSD School Fee Residential–($3.48/SF) $2,498.50 $3,306.00 $3,945.00 $5,220.00 Development Impact Fee3 $4,889 $7,713 SFD $6,296 SFA Multi-Species Habitat Conservation Plan 4 8 units/16 units $1,284/$235 $1,284 Fish and Game Fee (unfinished lot) Negative Declaration–flat $2,057 fee Environmental Impact Report–flat $2,832.25 fee 8 units/16 units $257.13/$158.56 $354.03/177.02 3 Units $685.66 $9,440.08 Art in Public Places (Total Value) Based on project valuation charged at one-quarter of 1 percent of anything over $200,000 or $20 minimum $20 $20 Quimby fees (if in-lieu of land dedication—fee payment only option for tracts of <50 lots/units) Based on per-acre FMV of land Based on per-acre FMV of land Total $13,503.31–$15,555.28 $18,388–$21,339 Source: City of La Quinta 2008 Note: Second units are considered a room addition and do not pay development impact fees. 1 Calculated on a 950-square-foot unit for both 8 units per acre and 16 units per acre on a one-acre parcel. 2 Calculated on a 1,500-square-foot home for both single-family detached and single-family attached at 3 units per acre on a one-acre parcel. 3 Development impact fees shown are expected to be adopted in 2010. 4 $1,284/unit at 0–8 DU/AC, $533/unit at 8.01–14 DU/AC, and $235/unit at >14 DU/AC City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page 6-27 TABLE H-40 Planning Department Fee Schedule Item/Type Permit Base Fee General Conditional Use Permit General1 Amendment $2,000 $750 Site Development Permit Compatibility Review Amendment* Time Extensions* $2,000 $750 $750 $500 Cove Residential Permit* $100 Cove Residential Adjustment* $300 Cove Master Design Guidelines* $250 Village Use Permit $1,000 Minor Use Permit* $75 General Plan Amendment $4,000 Specific Plan $4,000 Specific Plan Amendments $2,000 Temporary Use Permit* $100 Minor Adjustment* $200 Variance $1,700 Certificate of Zoning Compliance* $100 Change of Zone $2,710 Zoning Text Amendment $1,500 Sign Permit* $100 Sign Program - When submitted after Site Development Permit approval $500 Land Division Parcel Map Waiver* Amendment* Revision* Time Extension* $1,000 $1,000 $500 $500 $500 Subdivision Tentative Tract Map Tentative Tract Amendment Tract Map - Amended (after recordation)* Time Extension* $3,500 $1,750 $1,750 $1,000 Statutory Condominium Subdivision $3,000 Reversion to Acreage* $400 Lot Line Adjustment* $250 Parcel Merger* $200 Certificate of Compliance* $100 Housing Constraints Page 6-28 December 2010 TABLE H-40 Planning Department Fee Schedule Item/Type Permit Base Fee Other Permits or Fees Agricultural Preserve $800 Appeals* To Planning Commission To City Council $175 $175 Environmental Assessment $550 Home Occupations* $70 Building Moving Permit $1,000 Development Agreement $2,500 + fees for preparation Transfer of Development Rights $500 Source: City of La Quinta 2008 * = Permit usually does not require CEQA review. 1 Permitting for the construction of multiple second units on one lot requires a CUP and the $2000 CUP fee. Permitting for the construction of one second unit is free-of-charge and is reviewed over-the- counter. Building Codes and Enforcement The City of La Quinta has adopted the following State Codes: 2007 California Building Code, 2007 California Mechanical Code, 2007 California Plumbing Code, 2007 California Energy Code, and the 2007 California Electrical Code. While all new construction must be in strict compliance with the codes, there are a few older homes, most of which are in and around the Cove and Village areas, that were constructed prior to the establishment of building codes in the early 1940s. Code enforcement for older homes is handled on an individual, self initiated, complaint basis. Overall, the Building Codes adopted by the City of La Quinta do not pose any special constraints on the production or cost of housing. The Electrical Code was amended to require all new homes to be constructed with pre-wiring for telephone and cable television service, and the Fire Code was amended to require automated fire-suppressing sprinkler systems in all buildings where the gross floor area exceeds 5,000 square feet (this includes large single-family homes and multifamily buildings). The City has not made substantive amendments to the code that would adversely affect housing. The City of La Quinta enforces the Housing Code provides minimum health and safety standards for the maintenance of the existing housing supply. These standards are intended to provide for safe and sanitary housing that is fit for human habitation. The enforcement of the Housing Code is normally handled on a complaint-response basis. The most common housing-related problem is illegal additions/garage conversions. Warnings are issued with a referral to the City and other agencies City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page 6-29 for remediation assistance. The Housing Code mandates that health and safety deficiencies be corrected in accordance with construction standards that were in effect at the time the structure was built. In cases where property owners refuse to correct deficiencies, enforcement of the Housing Code relies on civil sanctions. Constraints to the Provision of Housing for Persons with Disabilities State law, per Senate Bill 520, requires that in addition to an analysis of special housing needs for persons with disabilities, the Housing Element must analyze potential governmental constraints to the development, improvement and maintenance of housing for persons with disabilities. Programs must be included to remove constraints to providing adequate housing for persons with disabilities. The removal of constraints to housing for persons with disabilities begins with an analysis of provisions in a local government’s zoning and land use ordinances that restrict or limit housing for persons with disabilities. The three major areas to be reviewed are zoning and land use, permits and processing, and building codes. The City maintains general processes for individuals with disabilities to make requests for reasonable accommodation through the Zoning Code, the permit processing process, and building codes. However, the general processes do not specifically cater to persons with disabilities, nor has the City yet made specific and targeted efforts to remove constraints on housing for persons with disabilities. The updated Zoning Code does not severely restrict the location of group homes. Group homes (congregate care) with six or fewer persons are permitted by right in all residential zones except High Density; group homes of seven or more are permitted with a conditional use permit in all residential zones and the CR zone. Furthermore, senior group homes of six or fewer are permitted in all residential zones. Senior homes of more than six are permitted subject to a CUP in the RMH, RH, and CR zones. The Zoning Code also includes provisions for the reduction of parking requirements for special needs housing, including senior and/or group homes, if a project proponent can demonstrate a reduced need for parking. It does not specifically establish parking standards for persons with disabilities different from other parking standards. The City does not impose conditions or restrictions on housing for persons with disabilities under the permitted Congregate Care use. There are no conditions or requirements imposed for group homes that would affect the development or conversion of residences to meet the needs of persons with disabilities. With the exception of the minimum age requirement, the conditions for senior housing in Housing Constraints Page 6-30 December 2010 both residential and nonresidential zones do not affect the development of housing for persons with disabilities. There are no occupancy standards in the Zoning Code that apply specifically to unrelated adults and not to families. In the case of housing specified for seniors, the units are restricted to a minimum age for one of the occupants of each unit, whether or not the occupants are unrelated adults. Otherwise, all households are treated equitably in terms of occupancy standards. The City’s Land Use Element does not establish a minimum distance between two or more special needs housing developments. The City of La Quinta has adopted the 2007 California Building Code, based on the 1996 International Building Code, as well as the 2007 California Mechanical, Electrical, Energy, and Plumbing Codes. No amendments have been made to the codes that would diminish the ability to accommodate persons with disabilities. The City informally provides reasonable accommodation for persons with disabilities in the enforcement of building codes and the issuance of building permits. There are no restrictions on requests for retrofitting of homes for accessibility, such as ramps and handrails. Requests for such retrofits are handled as any other minor improvement to a home necessitating a building permit, with the exception that the design must meet all applicable standards and ADA requirements, and is scrutinized at the inspection phase for conformation to construction requirements. Although requests for retrofit of existing homes have been extremely limited in the past few years, a number of homes advertised for resale in the Cove area have been retrofitted or built specifically for persons with physical disabilities and are described as such. The City seeks to comply with SB 520 and provide clarity and direction for disabled persons requesting special housing accommodation. Through Program 5.4, the City will draft and adopt a Reasonable Accommodation Ordinance to guide the processes for requesting accommodation and responding to such requests. The public review process for the approval of group or senior homes is no different from any other permitted use in the applicable zone. Where a group or senior home is permitted by right, no public hearing is required. The project is brought to the Planning Commission and City Council if a CUP is required, and is subject to consideration and approval as any other use permitted by CUP. Where a senior group home may be requested with a CUP as part of a specific plan in a mixed-use project in the CR zone, the use would be considered and approved within the established public hearing process as part of the total specific plan and subject to the applicable Zoning Code provisions. A recently approved congregate care facility is an example of how the City facilitates the development of special needs housing. The proposed density of 12 units per acre was inconsistent with the original underlying density of 4 units per acre in the Low Density Residential designation. The City subsequently City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page 6-31 approved a General Plan Amendment for the redesignation of the 14 acres from Low Density Residential to Medium High Density Residential, and a rezone from RL to RMH on the 14 acres. Unfortunately, due to circumstances unknown to the City, the applicant did not move forward with the project and the entitlement expired in September 2009. Environmental and Infrastructure Constraints Development of new housing in La Quinta will continue to take place both north and south of Highway 111, with large landholdings available for development east of Washington Street. Generally, these areas currently contain large lot vacant or agricultural areas. Development of the specific plans and approved tract maps entails conversion of vacant and agricultural lands to primarily residential uses. These uses will require adequate water, sewer, and drainage infrastructure to support the development. Public services and infrastructure are being upgraded and expanded within the City. Major flood control programs have been funded by the City, constructed by Coachella Valley Water District (CVWD) for the protection of the Cove Area. In response to growth, Desert Sands Unified and Coachella Valley Unified School Districts operate several elementary schools, middle schools, and high schools that serve La Quinta residents. Three Riverside County Fire Department stations serve the City. The potable water system in the City is operated and administered by CVWD, which assesses new development $1,600 to $2,400 per dwelling unit for a connection to the potable water distribution system; the cost varies according to the scale of the meter and service needed. The City of La Quinta Redevelopment Agency has formed six assessment districts to improve potable water distribution facilities in the City. Improvements made within the six districts in the Cove include replacing the existing two-and four-inch distribution lines with new lines ranging in size from six to 12 inches. These improvements provide increased water pressure, water quality and fire safety for residents within these districts. The sanitary sewage collection and treatment system in the City is operated and administered by CVWD, which extends service based upon approved designs and improvements constructed by the private developer. CVWD assesses a sanitation capacity charge of $3,517 per dwelling unit to provide comprehensive wastewater collection and treatment. The City of La Quinta is served by Southern California Gas Company. The existing network of natural gas service in the City provides adequate service to the northern half of the Cove (north of Calle Chihuahua), the Washington Street Corridor, and existing developed areas to the west, the Highway 111 Corridor, the Jefferson Street Corridor, and PGA West. The Southern California Gas Housing Constraints Page 6-32 December 2010 Company has indicated that the future supply of natural gas will meet demand generated by additional development in the City. Major infrastructure improvements, including full-width streets, water and sewer mains, and stormwater systems, are the responsibility of the developer to install with residential development. Developers are required to provide parks or in-lieu fees as part of the residential development. When infrastructure improvements are made that benefit other properties, the subdivider is reimbursed from the area fund when other properties in the area are developed. This is particularly applicable in cases where a proponent of an individual development on a single small parcel, due to financial implications, may be dependent on the extension of major backbone infrastructure associated with the construction of a larger project in order to commence with development. Large Specific Plan developments are required to provide backbone infrastructure connections to existing trunkline systems, which will also provide future hook-in points to smaller, individual subdivisions and projects in the vicinity that are not included in the boundaries of the specific plans. Redevelopment The La Quinta Redevelopment Agency (Agency) was formed in 1983. Adopted in November 1983, Project Area 1 encompasses approximately 17.5 square miles in the southern portion of the City and includes land designated for commercial, office, residential, retail, institutional, recreational, and public uses. At the time of its adoption, Project Area 1 included 2,240 dwelling units. The Agency adopted Project Area 2 in May 1989. This Project Area, covering 3,116 acres at inception, encompasses the major portion of the City north of Avenue 50, and contains residential and commercial land uses. At the time of its adoption, the Project Area contained 608 dwelling units. California Redevelopment Law State redevelopment law provides a mechanism by which cities and counties can establish redevelopment agencies. The agency’s primary purpose is to provide the legal and financial mechanism necessary to address blighted conditions in the community though the formation of redevelopment project area(s). Tax increment financing is considered the most useful implementation tool of the Agency. This technique allows the assessed property valuation within the redevelopment project area to be frozen at its current assessed level when the redevelopment plan is adopted. When the property is improved or resold, the tax increment revenue generated from valuation increases above the frozen level is returned to the redevelopment agency to finance project costs. The Agency is required by law to set aside and spend 20 percent of the tax increment that it receives on low and moderate income housing programs. This City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page 6-33 funding is generally known as the Low and Moderate Income Housing Fund (LMIHF) or 20 percent Set-Aside Fund. Health & Safety Code Section 33413(b)(2) requires that at least 15 percent of all new and substantially rehabilitated dwelling units completed within a project area by public or private entities (other than the Agency) must be available at affordable housing cost levels to persons and families of low or moderate incomes. Of these, 40 percent are required to be made available at affordable housing costs to Very Low income households. Agency-produced projects must restrict 30 percent of the units for lower and moderate income households, of which at least 50 percent must be affordable to very low income households. Per California redevelopment law the Agency’s housing fund expenditures must be in proportion to the community’s very low to moderate income population and in proportion to the population over and under 65 years of age. Funding and Responsibilities The Agency’s LMIHF is the City’s primary tool for creating affordable housing opportunities. During a five-year period commencing in 2004, the Agency supported numerous affordable housing projects, including: ■■ Building Horizons. A program that guides La Quinta High School students as they design, build, and market new single-family homes in the Cove area of the City. From 2005 to 2008 this program has generated 4 units. The Agency recorded silent second trust deed loans. ■■ Silverhawk Apartment Homes. Agency funding for infrastructure and utilities resulted in the reservation of 75 (out of 214) units for moderate income family households. ■■ Mountain View Apartment Rehabilitation. Agency funds were provided to substantially rehabilitate 1970’s apartment homes, reserving 14 of them for moderate income family households. ■■ Watercolors Court Homes. The Agency facilitated the construction and restriction of 149 for-sale units in a mixed-income project. ■■ Hadley Villas. Agency and HUD funds were used to construct a senior apartment community featuring 80 units affordable to very low income seniors. ■■ Vista Dunes Courtyard Homes. The Agency redeveloped a dilapidated mobile home park, relocated the residents, and selected Southern California Housing Development Corporation to construct an 80-unit LEED Platinum certified rental project affordable to very low and moderate income households. ■■ Wolff Waters. The Agency provided Coachella Valley Housing Coalition with the site for Wolff Waters, a 218-unit project expected to achieve LEED certification. Two units will be restricted to moderate income households and 216 will be restricted to very low income households. The project will be completed during the 2006–2014 planning period. Housing Constraints Page 6-34 December 2010 The Agency also conducts the La Quinta Rental Housing program, in which 50 units in the Cove were originally purchased from Coachella Valley Land in 1995. The investment was made to preserve 50 single-family units for Very Low income Section 8 households. The Agency plans to rehabilitate and sell units to qualified very low income households as market conditions support. Of those 50 units, 25units continue to be rented. During the 1998–2005 planning period 13 were sold to very low income households. Since January 1, 2006, 6 units have been sold to very low income households, 5 to low income, and 1 to a moderate income household. During a five-year period commencing in fiscal year (FY) 2009/2010, the Agency anticipates revenue of approximately $191 million in Low and Moderate Income Housing Set-Aside Funds (LMIHF) through tax increment revenue, a finance authority bond, La Quinta rental program income, second trust deed home sales income, Building Horizons income, and interest. The internal resources available to the Agency, net of expenditures, to implement housing projects over the current ten-year period for Project Areas 1 and 2 (2007/08 through 2013/14) is shown in Table H-41. Agency monies can be used for projects that maximize the leveraging of private funds and regional, state, and federal grants to achieve the highest yield. Agency LMIHF will be made available to implement a variety of affordable housing projects during the planning period. Notably, upwards of $22 million is allocated during FY 09/10–13/14 for property acquisition. City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page 6-35 TABLE H-41 Projection of Available Low & Moderate Housing Set-Aside Funds 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 Beginning Fund Balance $6,139,592 $8,119,835 $30,816,669 $33,341,383 $26,061,557 $10,396,679 $518,417 Revenue Project No. 1 Tax Increment $10,076,049 $11,169,000 $10,833,900 $10,833,900 $11,158,917 $11,493,685 $11,838,496 Project No. 2 Tax Increment $5,447,500 $5,843,250 $5,668,000 $5,668,000 $5,838,040 $6,013,181 $6,193,576 La Quinta Rental Program Income $314,000 $305,000 $225,000 $225,000 $198,000 $171,000 $144,000 2nd Trust Deed Home Sales Income $150,000 $150,000 $150,000 $150,000 $150,000 $150,000 $150,000 Building Horizon Home Sales Income $85,000 $85,000 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Washington Street Apts Income N/A N/A $665,700 $669,300 N/A N/A N/A Interest Income $57,800 $50,000 $240,400 $236,800 $444,900 $579,700 $724,200 Total Revenue (plus balance) $22,269,941 $25,722,085 $48,599,699 $51,124,383 $43,851,414 $28,669,245 $19,568,689 Expenditures ‗04 Finance Auth Bond/Other Debt Serv $5,950,356 $5,948,256 $6,390,291 $6,390,333 $6,383,502 $6,379,595 $1,949,472 General Fund Reimbursement N/A N/A $1,179,905 $1,099,403 $1,099,403 $1,099,403 $1,036,762 Administration/Miscellaneous $1,235,750 $2,082,220 $798,090 $773,090 $721,830 $721,830 $721,830 La Quinta Rental Program Landscape $314,000 $305,000 $40,000 N/A N/A N/A N/A 2nd Trust Deed Loan Program $250,000 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Vista Dunes Courtyard Homes $4,000,000 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Building Horizons $250,000 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Washington Street Apartments N/A N/A $200,000 $4,000,000 $6,000,000 $6,000,000 $2,000,000 Dune Palms (AKA Shovlin) N/A $300,000 $150,000 $5,000,000 $7,950,000 $7,950,000 $6,200,000 CentrePointe N/A N/A TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD Dune Palms/Westward Ho N/A N/A $250,000 $500,000 $5,000,000 $2,400,000 N/A Village Mixed-Use Housing $1,000,000 N/A $150,000 $200,000 $1,000,000 $1,500,000 $1,500,000 Habitat for Humanity N/A N/A $100,000 $100,000 $100,000 $100,000 $100,000 Other Property Acquisition $1,000,000 $1,000,000 $5,000,000 $5,000,000 $5,000,000 $2,000,000 $5,000,000 Foreclosure Acquisition $150,000 $150,000 $1,000,000 $2,000,000 $200,000 N/A N/A Total Expenditures $14,150,106 $9,785,476 $15,258,286 $25,062,826 $33,454,735 $28,150,828 $18,508,064 Year End Fund Balance $8,119,835 $15,936,608 $33,341,383 $26,061,557 $10,396,679 $518,417 $1,060,625 Source: City of La Quinta Redevelopment Agency, 2009 Housing Constraints Page 6-36 December 2010 This page intentionally left blank. City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page 6-37 6.3 Opportunities for Energy Conservation The City is in the process of initiating the development of a comprehensive Green and Sustainable La Quinta Program to enhance the City’s conservation of resources and to reduce environmental impacts of existing and future conditions. This program will allow the City to consider a wide range of programs that will address energy, water, air quality, solid waste, land use, and transportation. A review of a number of current city, state, and federal programs reveal varying degrees of success. Many communities have focused primarily on new development; however, the City believes a successful program should also address existing development. Current Regulations and Programs Title 24 Regulations On a regulatory level, the City enforces the State Energy Conservation Standards (Title 24, California Code of Regulations). These standards incorporated into the City’s Building Code provide a great deal of flexibility for individual builders to achieve a minimum “energy budget” through the use of various performance standards. These requirements apply to all new residential and commercial construction as well as remodeling and rehabilitation construction where square footage is added. Compliance with Title 24 on the use of energy-efficient appliances and insulation has reduced energy demand stemming from new residential development. New Title 24 codes were adopted in 2008, requiring all buildings to be approximately 22 percent more energy efficient than previously required. The City’s existing development can be categorized into three types of construction relative to energy efficiency: pre-Title 24, current Title 24, and new Title 24. The City estimates there are approximately 3,000 pre-Title 24 residential units within the City. The balance, or approximately 18,000 units, was built in compliance with Title 24 in effect at the time of construction. Based upon the existing housing inventory the City Council may want to focus retrofit programs on pre-Title 24 buildings. Future buildings will have to comply with the new Title 24 regulations. Green Building Programs The two most prominent green building programs are California Green Builder, sponsored by the California Building Industry Association, and Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED), which is sponsored by the US Green Building Council. Both programs involve a third-party certification process, have different environmental goals, and apply to different types of development. Housing Constraints Page 6-38 December 2010 Green Builder is a voluntary environmental building and certification program for residential construction. The program focuses on five major areas of certification: energy efficiency, water conservation, wood conservation, advanced ventilation, and construction waste diversion. Certified homes will incorporate water-efficient landscaping and fixtures, utilize high efficiency insulation and ventilation systems, contain environmentally sound building materials, initiate waste reduction methods during construction, and be 15 percent over existing Title 24 energy efficiency standards. As previously noted, the new Title 24 requirements will require new construction to be 22 percent over the current standards. Green Builder has an existing partnership with Imperial Irrigation District (IID) and Burrtec Waste and Recycling Services (Burrtec) for builder and homeowner incentives. IID provides efficiency diagnostics, inspections, and a certification, which lead to financial incentives; and Burrtec provides a 15 percent–30 percent discount to builders for bin removal services. LEED is a national rating system for green buildings. Primarily focused on commercial and multifamily residential projects, LEED requires the developer to register their project with the US Green Building Council, who in turn reviews the project for conformance and assigns points based upon various efficiency, sustainability, materials quality, and design factors. Once the Council has reviewed the project, it issues a certification based upon the number of points achieved in each category. One of the ways municipal governments incorporate LEED as a green building program is to encourage or require certain types of buildings or all construction over a certain square footage, to achieve a particular level of LEED certification. Current City Projects Vista Dunes Courtyard Homes The La Quinta Redevelopment Agency purchased the Vista Dunes Mobile Home Park in order to redevelop a dilapidated, 1950s travel trailer mobile home park with permanent affordable rental housing. Located at 78-990 Miles Avenue (just west of Adams Street), the design consists of 80 courtyard-oriented single- family and duplex homes. This LEED Platinum certified development includes photovoltaic cells to generate electrical power. This feature will annually save $720 per unit per year in electric utility costs. Water saving improvements will reduce water usage by 1,900,000 gallons per year for the entire project. It is estimated that this project exceeds Title 24 by 28 percent. Some of the units will exceed Title 24 requirements by 30 percent or more. LEED Platinum certification includes features that embrace green building practices, such as dwelling size, building orientation, thermal chimneys, shaded south- and west-facing walls, water-efficient landscaping, tankless water City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page 6-39 heaters, heat reflective roofing materials, high solar gain (low-e) windows, solar energy generation, and high efficiency fixtures and appliances. Additionally, installing water- and energy-saving fixtures and equipment, expanded materials, recycling programs, and substituting formaldehyde emitting cabinets with formaldehyde free cabinets further enabled the development to be LEED Platinum certified. Vista Dunes Courtyard Homes is the first LEED Platinum certified multifamily affordable housing development of its size in the country. Staff has completed a photographic history of the project and produced a video for educational purposes. Further, tenants will be educated on energy efficiencies through written materials, a DVD and the project operator, CORE Housing Management. Wolff Waters Place Housing Project The Agency purchased a 14.8-acre site for the purpose of facilitating the construction of an affordable multifamily residential project. Subsequently, the Agency entered into an Agreement with Coachella Valley Housing Coalition to develop a 218-unit project on this site. This development will exceed current Title 24 requirements by 24 percent and will save approximately 2,000,000 gallons of water from interior water use only. Compliance with the new CVWD Ordinance will further reduce exterior water use. The project will be LEED certified and will include features that embrace green building practices, such as solar hot water for laundry buildings, a transit friendly location with a bus stop and shopping within walking distance, low- water-use landscape and irrigation, dual flush toilets, low-flow water fixtures, energy-efficient lights, ENERGY STAR appliances, recycled building materials, paint with low volatile organic compounds, reduced construction waste, advanced indoor air handling systems, underground parking, high efficiency air conditioning units, and a tenant training program. This project is expected to achieve a LEED Silver certification. In summary, the City and Agency have undertaken an aggressive series of green building programs that will be used to demonstrate the opportunities available to reduce the overall environmental impact of new developments. The new Title 24 energy efficiency requirements will significantly increase the overall energy efficiency of all new construction even beyond California Green Builders and, in some cases, exceed LEED certification standards. Future City Programs/Actions The City must carefully consider a balance between economic feasibility and a desire to make immediate regulatory change. In some cases, technology may be currently available but it may not be cost effective to implement. Additionally, Housing Constraints Page 6-40 December 2010 pushing use of technology that is not proven and efficient could result in premature investment and a net long term loss of environmental benefits. The City seeks to encourage and enforce regulations or incentives that do not serve as constraints to the development or rehabilitation of housing. The City should focus on measures and techniques that assist the occupant in reducing energy costs, thereby increasing the amount of income that can be spent on housing, child care, health care, or other necessary costs. The creation and implementation of a formal Green and Sustainable La Quinta Program will require participation of many city departments and agencies. Program costs could include energy audit upgrades for existing facilities and buildings, irrigation and landscape modifications to City-maintained properties, City fleet vehicles, City maintenance equipment, and Agency housing activities. The City’s Planning Department will assist the City manager’s office in developing new green goals, policies, and programs for implementation into the General Plan that accurately represent the City’s direction in resource conservation and minimizing greenhouse gas emissions. The Planning Department will also establish design standards for residential and commercial structures that encourage solar protection, particularly on south and west building elevations which will directly result in energy conservation. Solar protection would typically include roof overhangs, eaves, recessed windows and doors, canopies, trellises, and solar window screens. Under the direction of the City Manager’s Office, Planning and Community Service Department staff will play an instrumental role in educating the community on water conservation programs and resources. The City’s Redevelopment Agency will continue efforts to implement LEED or California Green Builder programs for new affordable housing projects. The Agency will also implement the Cooperative Water Management Program with CVWD for the Agency’s Cove Homes and evaluate the feasibility of implementing changes to existing landscape and irrigation when Cove Homes are sold. The City will continue the Agency’s program of upgrading the Cove Homes’ plumbing, heating and air conditioning, and other equipment at the time units are rehabilitated prior to sale, and consider requiring LEED or green technology for all private developments that secure Agency assistance. The following are examples of policies, plans, and development standards the City may consider to reduce local energy costs or consumption: ■■ Promote higher density and compact developments. ■■ Develop energy-conserving standards for street widths and landscaping of streets and parking lots to reduce heat loss and/or provide shade. City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page 6-41 ■■ Promote energy audits and resident participation in utility rebate programs through private and public utility companies. ■■ Encourage low-income homeowners or renters to apply for free energy audits and home weatherization through the federal Department of Energy’s Weatherization Assistance Program in partnership with state and local programs (usually conducted by community action agencies or other nonprofit organizations). Weatherization and insulation services reduce the heating and cooling costs for low-income families. ■■ Use and encourage emerging technologies to reduce high demands for electricity and natural gas, including use of passive solar devices and other renewable energy technologies (e.g., biomass, wind and geothermal) where feasible. ■■ Require energy efficient retrofits prior to resale of homes. ■■ Establish an assessment districts in which property owners can enter into a loan agreement with the local government for energy efficient home improvements as permitted by Assembly Bill 811 (to be explored for Programs 6.4 and 6.5). ■■ Promote the construction of tighter building envelopes with maximum height and sky exposure planes and minimum setbacks. Energy Conservation Partners In developing a better La Quinta, the City and its citizens will need to create a strong working relationship with utilities and service providers. In essence, the City cannot be successful without a sound relationship with Coachella Valley Water District, Imperial Irrigation District, Southern California Gas, Burrtec Waste and Recycling Services, Sunline Transit District, Coachella Valley Association of Governments, SCAG, and other entities. Additionally, many of the areas of concern, such as air quality and regional transportation, cannot be addressed without strong regional, state and federal programs. CVAG ENERGY CONSERVATION ACTION PLAN CVAG’s Energy Conservation Action Plan has the vision of shifting how residents, businesses, and governments in the Coachella and Palo Verde Valleys view energy conservation via implementation of a media program, long-term strategic plan, and annual action plans. One of the goals is to reduce valleywide per capita energy consumption by 10 percent by 2012. This would be done by developing a model energy conservation ordinance, promoting a change in use behavior, and encouraging businesses and agencies to reduce energy use during peak use periods (summer hot spells). Local governments would be encouraged to adopt model energy efficiency projects, incorporate energy conservation features in new and/or remodeled City facilities, and enforce current programs such as Title 24. Annual action plans would include energy conservation fairs, symposiums, and educational forums as well as development of a best practices resource manual. Housing Constraints Page 6-42 December 2010 UTILITY PROGRAMS The City of La Quinta has a strong working relationship with the Imperial Irrigation District (IID). IID is proactive in creating energy savings via conservation programs, product rebates, and general tips. IID indicates that an average home owner can save up to 10 percent of energy by taking advantage of IID programs. One of the simplest programs involves switching old incandescent light bulbs to compact fluorescent light bulbs (which use 66 percent less energy and last longer). Home owners can also utilize the free “Check Me!” program, which checks the refrigerant charge and airflow of their air conditioning/heating units. IID offers a rebate on the purchase of higher efficiency air conditioning units ($85 to $145 per ton). Similar rebates are offered for the purchase of high efficiency refrigerators ($120 per unit) and programmable thermostats ($50 per unit). Additionally, product rebates are offered on ENERGY STAR equipment such as home and office electronics. IID also provides commercial programs such as audits for both older facilities and new construction; for new construction, IID offers design assistance. Rebate programs are in place for solar panels (for example, over parking structures) and energy-efficient motors (here in the desert, these are primarily irrigation pumps). Staff has held several meetings with IID representatives. Follow up meetings are proposed to learn more about IID programs and which programs are beneficial to La Quinta homeowners and the City. As previously noted, Coachella Valley Water District (CVWD) and the City are aggressively working toward ensuring that new development utilizes landscape water efficiently and have entered into a cooperative program for existing development. Staff will work with IID, CVWD, and Southern California Gas to create programs and market them to residents, business owners, and developers. City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page 7-1 7.0 HOUSING RESO URCES The City’s RHNA is 4,327 units for the 2006–2014 planning period. The RHNA includes housing planning goals for four different income and affordability levels: very low, low, moderate, and above moderate. The City’s RHNA by affordability level is 1,065 units of housing affordable to very low income households, 724 affordable for low income households, 796 affordable for moderate income households, and 1,741 above moderate income units. California housing element law allows local governments to obtain credit toward its RHNA housing goals in three ways: constructed and approved units, vacant and underutilized land, and the preservation of existing affordable housing. 7.1 Constructed and Approved Housing Units Units that were constructed or approved on or after January 1, 2006, may be counted towards satisfying the City’s RHNA obligation. City building permit records indicate that 5,708 homes were constructed or approved for construction between January 2006 and September 2007. The majority of units were in single-family detached developments, with approximately half entitled through specific plans. Table H-42 lists housing units built since January 2006 as well as those that were approved (either before or after 2006) but have yet to be constructed. Based on recent sales data, the current new single-family housing market in La Quinta serves only those in the above moderate income category; it is not likely that any new single-family homes will be affordable to lower or moderate income households without some type of financial or regulatory assistance. However, new market-rate multifamily rental projects may provide units affordable to moderate income households without government assistance. Between 2006 and September 2007 at least 375 market-rate rental units were constructed that provide affordable housing opportunities for moderate income households. Mediterra Apartment Homes, a 224-unit multifamily project built at a density of 16 units per acre, currently rents for prices between $1,225 and $1,695. The Clubhouse Apartments, a market-rate 151-unit multifamily project built at a density of 14 units per acre, currently rents for prices between $1,150 and $1,590. These rents are affordable to single, two-person, and four-person moderate income households. In addition to these market-rate projects, four restricted affordable projects were approved and/or constructed with assistance from the La Quinta Redevelopment Agency (Agency). The Agency facilitated the construction and Housing Resources Page 7-2 December 2010 restriction of 149 units for moderate income households (ages 55 and over) in the Watercolors project. The Agency redeveloped a dilapidated mobile home park, relocated the residents, and facilitated an 80-unit LEED Platinum certified rental project affordable to very low and moderate income households in the Vista Dunes Courtyard Homes project. Another approved project, Centerpointe, will reserve 40 units for moderate income households. The Wolff Waters Place project is under construction and will offer 216 units affordable to very low income households and 2 units affordable to moderate income households. The 15-acre site was acquired by the Coachella Valley Housing Coalition from the Agency for $1. Wolff Waters Place will be made up of 22 buildings consisting of townhomes, flats, and garden apartments. Once completed, the project will apply for LEED certification from the US Green Building Council. Several affordable housing projects are currently in various stages of the planning and entitlement process. Dune Palms (AKA Comienzo) is an Agency- supported project proposing 198 units affordable to very low income households and 2 units affordable to moderate income households on a Regional Commercial site in north La Quinta. The Agency is in the process of acquiring and rehabilitating Washington Street Apartments, a 73-unit senior apartment complex, and an adjacent undeveloped parcel upon which 83 new units will be constructed. The existing 73 units are currently restricted for very low income seniors. The project proposes to add an additional 23 units affordable to very low income senior households and 60 units affordable to low income senior households for a project total of 156 units. Combined, the constructed, approved, and pending projects will create 576 lower income and 569 moderate income housing units. The City is still responsible for identifying land that can accommodate 1,213 units affordable to lower income households and 227 units affordable to moderate income households within the current planning period (a total of 1,440 units). Table H-42 provides a breakdown of the City’s approval and construction activity, pending projects, and remaining RHNA balance. City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page 7-3 TABLE H-42 Constructed, Approved, and Pending Residential Projects January 2006 to September 2007 Project Very Low Low Moderate Above Moderate Total Market Rate Projects Above Moderate Income Projects 1 0 0 0 4,346 4,346 Mediterra Apartments 0 0 224 0 224 Clubhouse Apartments 0 0 151 0 151 Income-Restricted Projects Watercolors 55+ Housing 0 0 149 0 149 Vista Dunes Courtyard Homes 79 0 1 0 80 Centerpointe 0 0 40 184 224 Wolff Waters Place 216 0 2 0 218 Dune Palms (AKA Comienzo) 198 0 2 0 200 Washington Street Apartments 2 23 60 0 0 83 Total Constructed/Approved Projects 516 60 569 4,530 5,675 2006–2014 RHNA 1,065 724 796 1,741 4,327 Balance of RHNA Allocation 549 664 227 0 (+2,789) 1,440 Source: SCAG RHNA, City of La Quinta 1 This number represents the total from approximately 52 active projects in the City of La Quinta that have been constructed or approved in 2006– 2007. 2 The units shown are new units and are in addition to 73 existing units that will be rehabilitated as a part of the project. 7.2 Available Land for Housing With the previously described housing production credits, the City of La Quinta has a remaining unmet RHNA of 1,440 units, including 1,213 affordable to lower income households. The Housing Element must identify available sites within the City that can accommodate the remaining unmet RHNA. The first step in identifying adequate sites is preparing an inventory of land suitable for residential development. California Government Code Section 65583.2(a) specifically provides that land suitable for residential development includes vacant and underutilized land, as described below. Vacant Land–Vacant residential sites, vacant sites zoned for nonresidential uses that also allow residential development, and nonresidential vacant sites that must be rezoned for residential use Underutilized Land–Developed residential sites that are capable of being recycled at a higher density or sites zoned for nonresidential use that can be rezoned, if necessary, and redeveloped for residential use Housing Resources Page 7-4 December 2010 The land inventory must include: ■■ A listing of properties by a unique reference ■■ The parcel size, general plan land use, and zoning designation of each property ■■ A general description of potential environmental or infrastructure constraints to the development of housing in La Quinta ■■ A map showing the location of sites included in the inventory The second step in identifying adequate sites involves determining the capacity of sites identified in the inventory and their ability to accommodate affordable housing (Section 65583.2(c) of the California Government Code). To determine capacity, the City can rely upon minimum density requirements adopted through regulations or ordinance. If minimum densities have not been adopted or the City calculates capacity based upon a density greater than the minimum density, the Housing Element must describe the methodology used to establish the number of units. To establish the ability to accommodate affordable housing, the analysis must demonstrate that the identified zone/densities encourage and facilitate the development of housing for lower income households through an evaluation of market demand and trends, financial feasibility, and information based on past residential project experience. For underutilized land, the Housing Element must also include a description of the existing use of each property, development trends, market conditions, and regulatory or other incentives or standards to encourage residential development on the potential sites. The land inventory includes an analysis of the realistic capacity of the sites. An evaluation of zoning, densities, market demand, record of affordable housing development, and financial feasibility will establish the ability of available sites to provide housing for all income levels. The following analysis demonstrates how the City can accommodate its remaining unmet RHNA and presents the required information identified above for vacant land using the following structure: ■■ A table summarizing properties inventoried and their total development potential ■■ A discussion of the adequacy of the identified sites to support residential development ■■ A brief description of environmental or infrastructure constraints to the development of housing on the identified sites ■■ An analysis of the capacity of the identified sites to accommodate housing for lower, moderate, and above moderate income households ■■ A map of identified vacant or underutilized parcels City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page 7-5 Available Vacant Land The vacant land inventory identifies nearly 150 acres of vacant land available for housing development during the planning period. The total expected yield of these sites, at a realistic capacity established based on existing development trends further described below and the application of an Affordable Housing Overlay, is 1,500 units. The vacant land inventory only includes parcels that the City has identified as having the potential to develop during the 2006–2014 planning period. Additional vacant sites are located in the City, but are not assumed to have the potential to satisfy the current RHNA. The development potential for Village Commercial (VC) sites is assumed to be improved through logical consolidation with adjacent vacant lots. The City will encourage and facilitate lot consolidation in this district through incentives provided in Programs 1.5 and 3.5. The City’s flexible development and use standards further facilitate the development of a range of housing types. Table H-43 and Figure H-1 provide a summary and illustration of the vacant land development potential within the City. A detailed breakdown of vacant sites is provided in Table C-1 of Appendix C. TABLE H-43 Vacant Land Inventory Summary Zone 1 Acres Density 2 Total Potential Yield RL 14.1 3 39 RM 21.4 6 128 RMH 14.0 20 280 CP/CR/CN/CC 89.8 14–203 949 VC 4 7.4 14 104 Total 146.7 -- 1,500 Note: A detailed breakdown of vacant sites in provided in Table C-1 in Appendix C. 1 Represents proposed zoning. 2 Represents a realistic density based on existing development and recent development applications. The density assumption may also take into consideration the application of an Affordable Housing Overlay (see Program 1.5 and broken out in Table C-1). 3 Yield was reduced to reflect an assumption that roughly half of the site could be used for residential. 4 Figures are subject to rounding, The yield for each Village Commercial site was rounded down to provide a conservative estimate that does not rely upon lot consolidation. Site Adequacy Analysis Several zones permit residential development in La Quinta and have vacant sites readily available for new housing development. These sites are located in the Low Density Residential (RL), Medium Density Residential (RM), Medium High Density Residential (RMH), Village Commercial (VC), Planned Commercial (CP), and Regional Commercial (CR) zones. Housing Resources Page 7-6 December 2010 Of the 146.7 acres identified in the vacant land inventory, 35.5 acres are zoned to permit housing up to 4 or 8 units per acre (RL and RM). Another 14 acres are zoned to permit housing from 8 to 12 units per acre (RMH), but this land will also fall under the City’s forthcoming Affordable Housing Overlay Zone (Program 1.5), which would permit affordable housing at densities of 20–24 units per acre. Another 89.8 acres are zoned with various commercial districts (CP, CR, or CN) through seven sites, all of which will permit affordable housing at densities of 20–24 units per acre per Program 1.5. Not all sites, however, were assumed to build out at these higher densities. The final 7.4 acres of vacant land suitable for residential development during this planning period are zoned VC and permits 12–16 units per acre (12–24 units per acre following density increase as described in Program 1.5). There are 13 sites in the City’s vacant land inventory that are, or will be zoned to permit mixed-use development. Based on the capacity analysis discussed below, only one level of residential development per site is needed to achieve the maximum density permitted by the non-residential zones. The City recently approved two projects that sought residential development at densities of 13– 20 units per acre (although these projects were not subsequently developed due to reasons unknown by the City). The inventory spreads the potential for housing across numerous sites to avoid creating dependence on a few sites for lower income housing. Accordingly, the City does not need all of these sites to be developed for mixed or residential use to meet the RHNA. During the previous planning period and the first two years of the current planning period, residential development in La Quinta has been built at or near the maximum allowable densities. For example, development in the RM zone generally occurs at the maximum density of 8 units per acre or above through density bonus provisions. Centerpointe, an approved 224-unit project (including 40 units affordable to moderate income households) will be built at densities of 7.6 units per acre in the RM zone. Older examples include the Miraflores Apartments, which were constructed at a density of 11.2 units per acre in the RM zone in 2003. In 2004, Hadley Villas Apartments were developed at a density of 7.8 units per acre in the RM zone. In 2001, the Aventine Apartments were constructed at a density of 14.3 units per acre in the RH zone. In 2004 Silverhawk Apartments were constructed in the VC zone—which currently permits residential projects up to 16 units per acre—at a density of 19.3 units per acre under density bonus provisions. The Silverhawk project provides 214 units alongside 9,435 square feet of retail space. The retail space is located on the ground floor of two buildings, with the second floor containing 6 and 8 apartment units, respectively (total of 14). Restricted-affordable projects such as Wolff Waters Place and the proposed Dune Palms (AKA Comienzo) will buildout at 14.7 and 20 units per acre, respectively. Both projects are being constructed in the CR zone, which City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page 7-7 currently permits residential projects up to 16 units per acre (these particular projects utilize density bonus provisions). Over the past years, the City has purchased non-residentially zoned land with Redevelopment Agency (Agency) Low and Moderate Income Housing Set-Aside Fund (LMIHF) monies. Although the vacant land inventory and second unit potential is adequate to meet the remaining lower income housing need, additional sites have been identified to increase residential development potential. To further enhance La Quinta’s residential capacity, Program 1.2 directs the City to rezone vacant and underutilized parcels as needed to facilitate the development of housing affordable to lower and moderate income households. Only one vacant RL parcel and three underutilized RL parcels will be rezoned to RM. The rezoning will occur concurrent with the City’s 2009/2011 General Plan update to ensure they are available for development during the planning period. Based on these existing development trends, vacant sites are assumed to build out at densities near or at the maximum density permitted in each zone during the planning period. Unit yield projections for vacant sites do not include a density bonus or second units. Environment and Infrastructure Analysis Potential environmental constraints such as topography and floodways were taken into consideration during site selection. None of the parcels identified in the vacant land inventory are located in areas of topographic constraint or have known environmental hazards. The sites identified in the vacant land inventory are adjacent to existing urbanized development and are within service hook-up distance of existing water and sewer systems. According to the latest Coachella Valley Water Management Plan (2002), the implementation of water conservation, groundwater recharge, and water source substitution management strategies will ensure that adequate water resources are available to existing and future residents of La Quinta. Capacity Analysis The Southern California market has seen a dramatic correction over the past year, with some developers and agencies estimating that land costs have reverted back to mid-1990 levels. Construction costs (both labor and materials) have experienced a drop of 25 percent or more in the past six months. While it is safe to assume that land and labor costs will likely eventually increase again, the current land costs reflect what builders and developer will buy if they seek to construct housing within the planning period. Despite the decrease in land costs, the market-rate housing developers may still find it difficult to construct affordable housing. Residential developers must balance the cost of land, entitlement, and construction with the expected Housing Resources Page 7-8 December 2010 revenue generated from sales/rents and a desired 8–15 percent rate of return (profit). As described in Section 4.6, the starting sales price for a new home was approximately $400,000 and the starting rent for a one-bedroom unit was approximately $1,250 per month. In comparison, the maximum affordable sales price for a low income family of four in 2009 is $196,000 and the maximum affordable rent for a low income couple is $1,066 per month. The gap between the market price and what a lower income household can pay must be subsidized, either by a private or public entity. The subsidy can also be provided by affordable housing developers, which have constructed thousands of affordable units in La Quinta and the Coachella Valley over the past decade. Affordable housing developers often have access to government funds, grants, and tax subsidies that market-rate developers do not. Additionally, affordable housing developers are driven by the goal of providing affordable housing rather than maximizing profit. Affordable housing developers still, however, seek a lower internal rate-of-return. General proforma analyses were conducted using land costs ($75,000–$150,000 per acre outside of the City’s developed center and approximately $1 million in the Village area) and construction costs ($150 per square foot according to affordable housing developers interviewed in July 2009—down from $200 per square foot at the market’s peak) to estimate the capacity of land in La Quinta to support affordable housing. The results indicate that homeownership products will remain available only to moderate income households without a very large subsidy from the City or other entity. Rental products, however, could be constructed at rates affordable to lower income households with smaller subsidies. The developers of ownership projects require financial returns through the one-time sale of the housing units. Rental projects, however, are financed to provide the developer the desired financial return over a longer period of time. Project size may play an important role in the ability of an affordable housing developer to obtain financial resources for leveraging and justify and pay for the cost of providing on-site amenities and management. A generally accepted minimum project size for affordable housing development is 50 units. Like their higher density counterparts, lower density sites able to accommodate 50 units are eligible for funding mechanisms such as Low Income Housing Tax Credits (LIHTCs), a type of restricted development that must meet strict size and amenity guidelines to compete for funding. High density is also not a determining factor in obtaining other resources, such as HOME funds and Community Development Block Grant program funding. Of the 1,500 potential units on vacant sites that already allow residential development, 965 units (using realistic density assumptions) are located on sites that could support a project size of at least 50 units and could potentially accommodate lower income households. City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page 7-9 Financial and Regulatory Subsidies A subsidy can be financial or regulatory in nature. Financial subsidies are found in federal, state, local, and private programs and organizations focused on the production of affordable housing. Developers in La Quinta use and leverage many sources of financial assistance, including the Agency’s LMIHF. Over the past decade, the City has spent tens of millions of dollars to acquire land and subsidize over 1,000 new affordable housing units for families and seniors. By maximizing the use of available non-Agency funds affordable projects in La Quinta can achieve the highest financial leveraging of the Agency’s subsidy. Projects may seek additional funding from Low Income Housing Tax Credits, tax-exempt bonds, Community Development Block Grants, HOME funds, other HUD grant programs, and commercial banking resources. Regulatory subsidies can take many forms, including fee waivers or deferrals, flexible development standards, and increased densities. Higher densities generally increase the financial feasibility of a residential project as a developer is able to sell or rent more housing units on the same amount and cost of land (even with slightly lower sales prices or rents associated with smaller, attached units). The argument that higher densities lead to more affordable housing, however, has its limitations. First, higher density housing can actually be more expensive to build once densities require structured or underground parking (generally 28–35 units per acre). Additionally, higher density housing may not be compatible with surrounding uses or the character of the community. The City’s General Plan and Zoning Code were developed based on a shared vision by the City’s residents. That vision reflects the city’s historical development through lower density, master-planned developments that embrace the desert lifestyle and preserve views of the surrounding mountains. The City’s vision also recognizes the importance of providing affordable housing for its residents and employees. Accordingly, the City supports affordable housing development through financial and regulatory subsidies and will ultimately permit densities up to 24 units per acre (higher densities are permitted through density bonus provisions). The City is thereby able to achieve both the goal of maintaining lower density community character while also producing its fair share of affordable housing. Vacant Land Opportunities In the last decade the City has established a strong record of providing assistance to affordable multifamily housing projects (townhomes and apartments), ranging in density from 7.8 to over 20 units per acre. Single-family detached assisted housing was also developed, with City assistance, at densities as low as 4.4 units per acre and up to 7.8 units per acre. La Quinta is able to achieve market-driven moderate income housing through the relative affordability of land, the local market demand for lower maintenance housing types, the depressed state of the housing market, and Housing Resources Page 7-10 December 2010 reasonable development impact and entitlement fees. While the market may provide some moderate income housing opportunities, lower income households are assumed to require assistance. La Quinta has a solid record of working with local nonprofits and affordable housing developers to accommodate the housing needs of its lower income residents. The vacant land inventory provides the City and affordable housing developers with a map of opportunity areas. Much of the affordable housing development already produced in the planning period utilized Agency assistance. With over 111 vacant residential acres zoned for densities of at least eight units per acre (nearly all of which will ultimately permit 20–24 units per acre), and La Quinta’s history of working with affordable housing builders, the City has the capacity to accommodate at least half of the City’s unmet RHNA allocation on vacant land during the remainder of the planning period. Redevelopment Agency Assistance The Agency has LMIHF available for land acquisition, rehabilitation assistance, and new affordable housing construction activities. The Agency is in the process of acquiring land for affordable housing development. According to City staff vacant land in most areas of the City is valued between approximately $75,000– $150,000 per acre (depending upon exact location and state of improvement). Vacant land in the Village, however, sells for approximately $1.3 million per acre. With leveraged Agency assistance, housing in the VC zone could provide affordable housing opportunities to lower and/or moderate income households, despite the higher cost of land in the Village area. The Agency is in the process of acquiring land in the Village. In June 2008 the Agency purchased a 0.8-acre site in the VC zone for approximately $1.1 million. Other non-residentially- zoned land is valued lower than that within the Village area. Based on the City’s experience and conversations with local affordable housing developers, land acquisition and collaboration with nonprofits is an effective method available to the City to subsidize and facilitate the production of affordable housing. The City’s permitted density levels, development standards, and entitlement process have not been found to be a constraint to affordable housing. Underutilized Land Inventory The underutilized land inventory identifies 206.9 acres of underutilized land that could accommodate new housing during the planning period. The total expected yield of these sites, at a realistic capacity established based on existing development trends described above and stalled project densities, is 2,112 units. The development potential of some sites described in the inventory assumes consolidation with adjacent lots, which will be facilitated through Programs 1.5 and specifically in the Village Commercial zone through program 3.5. Table H-44 and Figure H-1 provide a summary and illustration of the development potential on underutilized sites in the City. City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page 7-11 As with the vacant land inventory, the inventory of underutilized land spreads the potential for housing across numerous mixed use sites to not depend on a few sites for lower income housing. Accordingly, not all of these sites need to be developed for mixed or residential use to meet the RHNA. Residential-only vacant, underutilized sites, and second units can accommodate 99 percent of the lower income RHNA. A detailed breakdown of the underutilized sites is provided in Table C-2 of Appendix C. TABLE H-44 Underutilized Land Inventory Summary Zone 1 Acres Density 2 Total Yield RM 131.6 6–20 1,028 RMH 53.7 9–20 786 CN/VC 3 21.6 14–20 298 Total 206.9 -- 2,112 Note: A detailed breakdown of underutilized sites in provided in Table C-2 of Appendix C. 1 Represents proposed zoning. 2 Represents a realistic density based on existing development in the City and in certain cases, based on the density of stalled projects or specific plans. The yield was reduced to reflect an assumption that roughly half of the site could be used for residential. The density assumption may also take into consideration the application of an Affordable Housing Overlay (see Program 1.5 and broken out in Table C-1). 3 Figures are subject to rounding. The yield for Village Commercial sites was rounded down to provide a conservative estimate that does not rely upon lot consolidation. Recent Development Trends As described in the preceding Capacity Analysis section, recent development trends in La Quinta indicate that new development will continue to occur at or very near maximum densities. Market-driven single-family development is expected to continue to provide homes affordable only to above moderate income owner households, and multifamily housing units affordable to moderate income households. Market-driven development is able to provide moderate income rental housing through the relative affordability of land, the local market demand for lower maintenance housing types, the depressed state of the housing market, and reasonable development impact and entitlement fees. Housing affordable to lower income households will continue to be provided through the construction of second units, guest houses, and City assisted projects. The City has a strong track record of encouraging and facilitating the development and redevelopment of sites for affordable housing through Redevelopment Agency resources and partnerships with nonprofit organizations and developers. Housing Resources Page 7-12 December 2010 Recent Market Conditions While there is ample vacant land in south La Quinta, the rest of the City has experienced an increase in infill development and redevelopment. Since the majority of development in La Quinta is low-to-medium density in nature, many desirable sites were developed well under their current potential. Underutilized sites with premier location, accessibility, and size are purchased for reuse. For example, an aging mobile home park was purchased by the City and redeveloped into a 7.8 unit per acre affordable housing project. Aging residential properties, underperforming commercial properties and stalled residential projects are opportunities for new housing in La Quinta. Existing Incentives The City of La Quinta provides relief from regulation through flexible development standards and density bonus provisions. By utilizing a density bonus a developer commits to providing a certain percentage of the project for lower or moderate income households and, in return, may construct additional units, reduce parking, and request other concessions as outlined in state law. The City provides a variety of financial subsidies and incentives to facilitate the development of affordable housing. The Agency also uses Low and Moderate Income Housing Funds to subsidize acquisition, site improvements, and construction. Several underutilized sites contain stalled residential projects that may require assistance in order to be completed for affordable housing. Several property owners have expressed an interest in selling stalled properties, which could be developed as entitled or developed under new entitlements. Program 1.2 directs the City to investigate properties that are underdeveloped or stalled as possible land acquisitions to facilitate the construction of affordable housing. These sites could be acquired by the City and transferred to an affordable housing developer, who could complete the development and provide the entitled amount or more units of affordable housing. With grading completed and construction partially completed, the incremental development costs for constructing the project are likely far less than if a project was to be undertaken on vacant land. Considering that the entitled units were intended for ownership, these projects may provide a cost-effective opportunity for providing affordable ownership housing. Utilizing tax credits could restrict the project to lower and moderate income rental housing for at least 15 years, at which point it could transition into affordable for-sale housing. Typically a project using this method allows the renters to use several years worth of rent (or a portion there of) toward the purchase of their unit. For example, a percentage of the rent for the five years prior to conversion to for-sale is collected as an early payment toward the downpayment. City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page 7-13 Senate Bill 1185 and Assembly Bill 333 Senate Bill 1185 was an urgent legislative update that extends the life of existing tentative maps, vesting tentative maps, and some parcel maps for an additional year. The bill was effective immediately upon signature by the Governor on July 15th, 2008. Assembly Bill 333, enacted July 15, 2009, grants an additional extension for two years. Some undeveloped parcels in La Quinta would have been included in the vacant land inventory had their maps expired, however, they were instead identified as underutilized sites because their maps were extended by Senate Bill 1185 and Assembly Bill 333. The City is in contact with the property owners of these sites. Based on discussions with the property owners, the City does not expect many of these maps to be developed. Alternative concepts are in varying stages of development for some of those undeveloped, but entitled parcels. Environment and Infrastructure Analysis None of the parcels identified in the vacant land inventory are located in areas of topographic constraint or have known environmental hazards. The sites identified in the vacant land inventory are adjacent to existing urbanized development and are within service hook-up distance of existing water and sewer systems. According to the latest Coachella Valley Water Management Plan (2002), the implementation of water conservation, groundwater recharge, and water source substitution management strategies will ensure that adequate water resources are available to existing and future residents of La Quinta. Underutilized Sites Underutilized sites are nonvacant sites or vacant sites with stalled projects or obsolete entitlements that are likely to be available for housing development during the planning period. The underutilized sites inventory is made up of 131.6 acres of RM land (including 15.8 acres to be rezoned from RL), 53.7 acres of RMH land, and 21.6 acres of CN and VC land. In total, just under 207 acres of land are identified in the underutilized land inventory. The realistic capacity of all of the listed underutilized sites, based on existing development and current market trends, is 2,112 units. This yield does not include the potential for density bonus units or second units. The development of underutilized sites will be encouraged and facilitated through the implementation of Program 1.5, which permits an increase in density to 24 units per acre for affordable housing projects on lots of at least one acre in size in several zoning districts. Site U1: As agricultural uses move away from the City, plant nurseries become viable sites for residential development. Site U-1 (including the nursery business) was purchased by an affordable housing developer. At present, the Housing Resources Page 7-14 December 2010 nursery provides plants for affordable housing projects throughout southern California. The developer intends to phase out the nursery business by 2010, with the intention of developing the site for affordable housing. This approximately 5-acre site is currently zoned RL, but will be upzoned to RM and be placed under the Affordable Housing Overlay Zone to facilitate the development of affordable housing. At a density of 20 units per acre this site could accommodate 98 units. Adjacent uses include other nurseries, low density single-family homes, a new elementary school, and land zoned for high density residential development. This site is an opportunity to locate lower income families within walking distance of a school. Site U-2: Following the signing of Senate Bill 1185, the tentative tract map for this site was extended from August 2008 to August 2009. The current TTM proposes 19 lots and is a valid map. New owners of this vacant site have approached the City to explore alternatives to the approved map. The City expects to work with the property owners to facilitate housing development during the planning period. Located immediately south of site U-1, site U-2 is also approximately 5 acres and is currently zoned RL. The site will also be upzoned to RM and placed under the Affordable Housing Overlay Zone to facilitate the development of affordable housing. At a density of 20 units per acre this site could accommodate 96 units. Adjacent uses include plant nurseries, low density single-family homes, a new elementary school, and land zoned for high density residential development. This site is another opportunity to locate lower income families within walking distance of a school. Site U-3: This undeveloped site is entitled under a specific plan for an aging-in- place community for seniors. The specific plan proposed a variety of housing types ranging from senior apartments to assisted living to congregate care. The plan called for the development of two parcels situated across Avenue 50 from each other that would be joined by an underground tunnel. The northern parcel (Site 15 of the Vacant Land Inventory) was approved for the development of 166 senior care units, but that particular Site Development Permit expired in September 2009, leaving the site vacant and readily available for RMH development. The southern parcel (site U-3) also remains available for development. The 7.5 acre southern parcel (site U-3) is zoned RM and will be placed under the Affordable Housing Overlay Zone to potentially accommodate 150 units. Adjacent land uses include senior care housing, low density housing, and medium density housing. Site U-4: Site U-4 is currently a plant nursery that abuts the All-American Canal, an irrigation canal, and is just west of medium density residential development. Agricultural uses continue to be pushed south and east of La Quinta as vacant sites in the City’s core are more valuable for residential and commercial uses. Higher density residential development is near the site, and golf course communities are located to the south (Hideaway) and north (Mountain View Country Club) of the site. This site is a good location for higher density City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page 7-15 development since it is buffered from low density residential uses by the canal, medium density housing, and a major thoroughfare. The 5.9-acre site will be rezoned from RL to RM and could accommodate approximately 36 housing units. Lot consolidation would not be required to develop this site. Site U-5: This 108.4-acre site consists of four parcels under the same ownership and all zoned for RM development. The sites are undeveloped, but are considered underutilized instead of vacant because a low density residential specific plan was adopted by resolution. However, the zoning remains RM and as such the sites have the potential to develop at medium densities. The owner is working with the City to pursue development alternatives to the existing specific plan. Site U-5 consists of four parcels with a total development potential of 648 units if developed at the realistic density of 6 units per acre. The parcels are all large enough to be developed for residential use without lot consolidation. Site U-6: Site U-6 is a 14.8-acre site zoned for RMH that was originally planned for 142 townhomes. The project completed site grading actions and constructed one-third of the units (48 units), at which point the project stalled. Stalled projects are a good opportunity for affordable housing because the developer may be willing to sell the project to the City and/or an affordable housing developer. The purchaser saves time and money because planning, design, entitlement, grading, and some units are already completed. Townhomes are a product type that lends itself to rental-to-own affordable housing. Tax credit and other resources may be used to subsidize lower income households as they rent the units. After approximately 10 years the units may transition into for- sale units. In many rental-to-own programs a portion of the rent goes to the future downpayment, thus helping the renter set-aside money to purchase their unit. Through implementing Program 2.5, the City will facilitate the development of long term affordable housing that allows residents to stay in La Quinta and create more ownership opportunities that are sustainable. Adjacent uses include high density residential development, vacant Neighborhood Commercial land, a golf course community, a stalled condominium project (U-7), and vacant Tourist Commercial land. The southern edge of the property is defined by the All-American Canal. No lot consolidation would be required to complete construction of this project as entitled. Site U-7: This 20-acre site is zoned for RMH and entitled for 250 condominiums. Site grading and construction of one, 8-unit building were completed prior to putting the project up for auction. The building has not been certified for occupancy. Similar to site U-6, the condominiums built and approved for site U- 7 are an opportunity for a rent-to-own housing project. Adjacent uses include residential golf course communities, vacant Neighborhood and Tourist Commercial land, and a stalled townhome project (U-5). No lot consolidation would be required to complete construction of this project as entitled. Housing Resources Page 7-16 December 2010 Site U-8: The Agency is in the process of purchasing parcels in this site. As of 2010 the Agency had purchased seven of the properties and acquisition negotiations are occurring with other property owners. All of the parcels in site U-8 are zoned RM and will be placed under the Affordable Housing Overlay Zone, providing a total potential of 394 new units. Of the 11 total parcels that make up Site U8, existing uses include: Site U8a – Vacant Site U8b – Vacant (SFD demo) Site U8c – Vacant (SFD demo) Site U8d – Vacant Site U8e – Vacant Site U8f – Existing SFD Site U8g – Vacant (SFD demo) Site U8h – Vacant Site U8i – Church use Site U8j – Vacant (well site) Site U8k – Existing trailer park Adjacent uses include low density homes to the north and east, Whitewater Channel and Home Depot to the south, and La Quinta High School to the west. This site is an opportunity to provide family housing in proximity to educational and recreational facilities. The City has recently initiated a rezoning study of the seven City-owned parcels, and is actively pursuing discussions on the remaining four parcels, particularly the 10.3 acre mobile home park, which is nearly 50 years old and a prime candidate for redevelopment action. Site U-9: This Neighborhood Commercial (CN) parcel will have the potential to accommodate residential development following an amendment to the zoning code. Implementing Program 1.5 will result in permitting residential development up to 24 units per acre in the CN zone. The 8.5-acre site is currently developed with one single-family home, currently a nonconforming use for this underdeveloped site. This parcel, located on the southeast corner of Avenue 50 and Jefferson Street, is highly visible and could provide commercial opportunities as well as new housing. Site U-9 has the potential to accommodate mixed use development, including 85 units if developed at 20 units per acre under an Affordable Housing Overlay. Adjacent low density residential uses would benefit from the convenient access to first-floor retail uses. City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page 7-17 Site U-10: Site U-10 is a 5.1-acre vacant lot zoned for VC use. The site is currently used for La Quinta Resort and Club employee parking. The Resort is in the process of updating its master plan and is discussing the future use of this site with the City. This is a viable location for housing development, especially employee housing for the hospitality industry. The VC zone accommodates residential uses up to 16 units per acre. Program 1.5 will amend the VC land use category to permit housing at densities between 12 to 24 units per acre. A development at 20 units per acre under an Affordable Housing Overlay would provide 102 new homes. This site is within ¼ mile of City Hall, the Library, La Quinta Community Park, Fritz Burns Park, La Quinta Senior Center, another hotel, and the Village area which features many shops, restaurants, and recreation amenities. The site is adjacent to a multifamily housing project and Benjamin Franklin Elementary School. The site is readily available for development and would not require lot consolidation. Site U-11: Site U-11 is a clustering of older commercial buildings immediately north of new retail development in the Village core. The parcels total 1.5 acres. The parcels have potential for redevelopment and integration into adjacent pedestrian-oriented development. Existing uses include a storage facility, general market, Circle K convenience store, and a restaurant. Developed in the 1960s and 70s with minor improvements in the 80s and 90s, the existing development lacks adequate landscaping and have visible signs of aging. The existing structures and lots do not reflect the greater potential now provided in this area. These uses could be integrated into a new structure to better serve existing and future residents. Zoned for Village Commercial, this site has the potential to accommodate mixed-use development compatible with the new projects constructed in the Village. Adjacent uses include hotels and the core area of the Village, which hosts boutique retail, restaurants, and offices in a pedestrian-oriented development. The VC zone will permit housing at densities ranging from 12 to 24 units per acre (Program 1.5), enabling site U-11 to provide 21 new homes at 14 units per acre. Lot consolidation, also encouraged through Program 1.5, would improve the development potential in this area. Site U-12: Site U-12 consists of 14 parcels totaling 5 acres. These parcels have been clustered into one site due to proximity and opportunities for lot consolidation that would result in increased development potential. Existing uses include dirt lots with miscellaneous storage, a Verizon substation, and a fourplex home. These are older uses that are not consistent with the adjacent Village area. Other adjacent uses include office buildings, single-family residential, La Quinta Senior Center, and the City Library. Site U-12 could be redeveloped to integrate into the existing pedestrian-oriented Village development and bring more residents into the area. All of the parcels are zoned VC and will be able to accommodate mixed use residential development between 12 and 24 units per acre following Program Housing Resources Page 7-18 December 2010 1.5. Site U-12 has a conservative development potential for 69 new homes at 14 units per acre. Lot consolidation through Program 1.5 would improve the development potential in this area. Site U-13: This site consists of two parcels totaling approximately three-fourths of an acre. One of the sites is vacant; the other is developed with a home. However, the home is partially demolished and is not habitable. Adjacent uses include vacant land, and older single-family homes. The site is also close to the Village core area. Site U-13 is zoned VC, which will permit residential mixed use development between 12 and 24 units per acre (Program 1.5), and could conservatively accommodate 10 new homes. Lot consolidation would be necessary to make a mixed use development viable (Program 1.5). Site U-14: Site U-14 includes two adjacent parcels totaling approximately three- fourths of acre. Both parcels are vacant, but are considered underutilized because they would require lot consolidation in order to provide quality, mixed use residential development. Adjacent uses include single-family homes and retail and service commercial offices in the La Quinta Office Park. The site is also close to the Village core area. Zoned VC, Site U-14 will be able to accommodate mixed use residential development between 12 and 24 units per acre (Program 1.5), and could conservatively accommodate 11 new homes following lot consolidation. Second Units New second units are also expected to provide affordable housing opportunities during the planning period. The City of La Quinta permits second units in the RVL, RL, RC, RM, RMH, and RH zones. Multiple second units are conditionally permitted in the RVL and RL zones. Second units in La Quinta generally serve to augment housing resources for seniors, home-service workers (such as nannies and housekeepers), or as a means of offering low-to-no cost housing to extended family members. In 2008 the average asking rent for a second unit in La Quinta—$704—was readily affordable to low income one-person household. The average rent is also affordable to two-person very low income households that are able to expend approximately 34 percent of their income for housing (a minor level of overpayment). As of 2009, reported rent levels are slightly lower. Per the Municipal Code, guest houses and employee quarters must be provided free of rent, and therefore are affordable to lower income households. All of the remaining vacant RL- and RM-zoned land could accommodate the inclusion of second units or guest houses/employee quarters (approximately 1,000 individual lots). Moreover, many of the existing single family homes throughout La Quinta could support the addition of a second unit or guest City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page 7-19 house/employee quarter (or even the addition of a second, second unit on RL sites). Underutilized sites zoned RM could also support the inclusion of these types of housing units. Considering the success of the City’s existing second unit requirements and improved public awareness possible through Programs 2.2 and 2.3, the City has the capacity to entitle approximately 100 second units or guest houses/employee quarters per year despite the current down market. Given the unique standards and incentives for second unit and guest house/employee quarters, these units have the potential to be affordable to lower income households. Consistent with Government Code Section 65583.1(a), the identification of realistic capacity should be based on the development trends of second-units in the previous housing element planning period and other relevant factors such as available incentives and community need. Between 1998 and 2005, 539 second units and guest houses/employee quarters were constructed in La Quinta. The Housing Element assumes capacity for 500 second units and guest houses/employee quarters for the remainder of the planning period. The City seeks to promote complete second units and guest houses by providing educational materials to the public and development community at City Hall and on the City’s website (Programs 2.2 and 2.3). Accommodating the RHNA While approved and constructed units accommodate all of the above moderate income RHNA and much of the moderate income housing need, vacant and underutilized lands are necessary to accommodate 1,213 lower income housing units. The land inventory includes almost 150 acres of vacant land and over 200 acres of underutilized land in the City that could accommodate new residential development during the planning period. This land could support over 3,600 new units based on existing development standards and the introduction of an Affordable Housing Overlay Zone through the implementation of Program 1.5. This overlay would be applied to several key vacant and underutilized sites in the inventory and permit affordable housing at densities between 20 and 24 units per acre (before the application of State density bonus law). The City also has a recent track record of building and approving numerous lower income housing projects at densities between 8 and 20 units per acre, using the City’s financial and land resources. The overlay’s densities of 20 to 24 units per acre would reduce the amount of subsidy required and facilitate even more affordable housing projects. Moreover, the City’s RDA has allocated over $20 million in low and moderate income housing funds during the planning period solely for the purpose of property acquisition to further the production of affordable housing. Accordingly, using existing and proposed development standards and permitted uses at realistic densities, La Quinta has enough land suitable for residential development, as defined in Government Code Section 65583.2(a), to support a sufficient number of new units to accommodate the unmet portion of the RHNA. Housing Resources Page 7-20 December 2010 The sites identified in the land inventory are those with development potential during the planning period according to the City and developer interest. Additional vacant and underutilized lands that are not expected to be utilized during the planning period are not included in the inventory. Potential affordability was established by studying recent projects, current market sales prices and rents, trends, and land values. A proforma analysis added additional confirmation of the identified lands’ capacity for affordable housing. The market has also created opportunities for greater affordability on underutilized sites. For example, stalled or bank-owned condominium and townhome projects could be purchased and converted or redeveloped into affordable housing. Existing plans for single-family development and other types of ownership housing may also go by the wayside in light of market saturation. Based on existing development patterns and discussions with affordable housing developers, the City anticipates that lower and medium density zones would support for sale above moderate and moderate income housing while higher density zones could accommodate lower income housing development. Over the last decade much of the City’s lower and medium density housing stock has included guest house/employee quarters (referred to in La Quinta as “casitas”) or second units. Based on development trends observed during the previous planning period in which over 500 casitas were built, it is reasonable to assume that 500 casitas could be constructed during the 2008–2014 planning period. Some of these units are occupied free of charge, per the Municipal Code, and as such are affordable to all households, including extremely low income households. Rental surveys have shown that unrestricted second units are affordable to lower income households. Traditional and guest/employee second units are important resources for the lower income community. The inventory spreads the potential for housing across numerous residential and mixed use sites to avoid creating dependence on a few sites for lower income housing. Accordingly, not all of these sites need to be developed for mixed or residential use to meet the RHNA. Residentially zoned vacant and underutilized sites, not including second units or mixed-use land, could readily accommodate over 80 percent of the lower income RHNA with the introduction of the Affordable Housing Overlay Zone. The moderate income housing need could be met without any mixed-use development. However, given the ramifications of SB 375, the City recognizes that mixed-use developments will represent a crucial component of its housing strategy, not only during the planning period, but also in subsequent planning periods. A summary of the City’s capacity for new housing to accommodate the RHNA is provided in Table H-45. City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page 7-21 TABLE H-45 Accommodating the RHNA Program Lower Moderate Above Moderate Total RHNA 1,789 796 1,741 4,327 Constructed/Approved 1 576 569 4,530 5,675 Balance 1,213 227 0 (+2,789) 1,440 Currently Zoned to Allow Residential Uses Vacant RL 0 0 39 39 Vacant RM 0 0 128 128 Vacant CP/CR 0 190 191 381 Vacant VC 0 52 52 104 Underutilized RM 0 274 410 684 Underutilized RMH 0 196 196 392 Underutilized VC 0 50 51 101 Second Units/Guest Houses 2 500 0 0 500 Subtotal 500 762 1,067 2,329 Additional Residential Capacity obtained through Affordable Housing Overlay Vacant RMH 280 0 0 280 Vacant CP/CR/CN/CC 773 0 0 773 Underutilized RM 344 0 0 344 Underutilized RMH 394 0 0 394 Underutilized CN/VC 187 0 0 187 Subtotal 1,978 0 0 1,978 Subtotal Capacity for Balance of RHNA 2,478 762 1,067 4,307 Total Capacity 3,054 1,331 5,597 9,982 Note: Figures subject to rounding. Assisted projects on vacant and underutilized lands could also have the potential to provide housing for extremely low income households should the eligibility range include households earning 0 to 30 percent of the AMI. 1 The number of constructed and approved projects represents active projects in the City of La Quinta that have been constructed after January 1, 2006 or are expected to be constructed during the 2006–2014 planning period. Some of the units restricted to very low income households may be inhabited by households earning 0 to 30 percent of the Area Median Income (AMI), known as extremely low income households. 2 The affordability levels of future second units/guest houses is an estimate based on a rents survey and City policies. For example, if all of the units are guest houses they will be affordable to extremely low income households, since they must be provided free of rent, per the Municipal Code. Housing Resources Page 7-22 December 2010 This page intentionally left blank. City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page 7-23 Figure H-1 Vacant and Underutilized Land Inventory Map Housing Resources Page 7-24 December 2010 This page intentionally left blank. City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page 7-25 7.3 Preservation of Existing Affordable Housing Government Code Section 65583.1[c] permits jurisdictions to rely on existing units to fulfill up to 25 percent of their RHNA in the Housing Element, pursuant to specified criteria. Eligible activities may include: 1) substantial rehabilitation of rental housing; 2) conversion of multiple-family rental units from market rate to affordable; and 3) preservation of affordable housing at risk of conversion. This section provides a background analysis of the three preservation options and an assessment of eligible projects. Under this section of the Government Code, units are eligible that will be preserved at affordable housing costs to persons or families of low or very low incomes with committed assistance from the city by acquisition of the unit or the purchase of affordability covenants for the unit. "Committed assistance" means that the city enters into a legally enforceable agreement during the first two years of the housing element planning period that obligates sufficient available funds to provide the assistance necessary to make the identified units affordable and that requires that the units be made available for occupancy within two years of the execution of the agreement. Preservation Options Substantial Rehabilitation State law allows cities to count qualified rehabilitation projects toward the sites requirement for the RHNA. Units to be substantially rehabilitated must result in a net increase in the stock of housing affordable to low and very low income households and are subject to the following provisions: ■■ Units must be at imminent risk of loss to the housing stock. ■■ Local governments must commit to providing appropriate relocation expenses and first right of refusal, as required under state law. ■■ Relocation assistance must be provided to any occupants temporarily or permanently displaced and the local government must require that any displaced occupant will have the right to reoccupy the rehabilitated units. ■■ Rehabilitated units have long-term affordability requirements not less than 20 years or other term required by federal/state funding law or regulation. Housing Resources Page 7-26 December 2010 Conversion from Nonaffordable to Affordable Multiple-family units in a rental complex of four or more units converted from nonaffordable to affordable by acquisition of the unit or the purchase of affordability covenants and restrictions can be counted toward the sites requirement under specified conditions. Units to be converted must result in a net increase in the stock of housing affordable to low and very low income households and are subject to the following provisions: ■■ These units cannot be acquired by eminent domain and must provide a net increase in the stock of housing affordable to low and very low income households. ■■ At the time the units are identified for acquisition, the units must not be available at an affordable housing cost to low or very low income households. ■■ Converted rental units must be in decent, safe, and sanitary condition when occupied after conversion. ■■ Long-term affordability covenants must be applied for at least 55 years. ■■ Relocation assistance must be provided to any occupants temporarily or permanently displaced and the City must ensure the occupants have the right to reoccupy the rehabilitated units. Preservation of At-Risk Units Multiple-family units to be preserved at affordable housing costs to lower income households by acquisition or purchase of affordability covenants may also be eligible for RHNA credit. ■■ Units to be preserved must result in a net increase in the stock of housing affordable to low and very low income households and are subject to the following provisions: ■■ Preserved units must have long-term affordability covenants (at least 40 years) and have received governmental assistance under specified programs. ■■ The units must be expected to convert to market rate within five years of the end of the planning period. ■■ The units must be in decent, safe, and sanitary condition when occupied. When units are identified for preservation, they must be available at affordable costs to persons and families of lower income. City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page 8-1 8.0 PRESERVATION OF ASSI STED RESOURCES State Government Code requires that localities identify and develop a program for their Housing Elements for the preservation of affordable multifamily units assisted under various federal, state and local programs. In the preservation analysis, localities are required to provide an inventory of assisted, affordable units that are eligible to convert to market rate within five years of the end of the planning period (June 30, 2019). Income-restricted housing units sometimes changes to market rate due to expiration of subsidies, mortgage prepayments, or expiration of affordability restrictions. No income-restricted multifamily housing units in La Quinta are at-risk of expiring by June 30, 2019. The earliest possible date of conversion for any of the City’s restricted multifamily housing stock is 2024 for the 45 very low and 46 low income units at Seasons Senior Apartments. An inventory of all assisted multifamily projects is provided in Table H-46. TABLE H-46 Assisted Multifamily Project Inventory Project Earliest Date of Conversion Very Low Low Moderate Above Moderate Total Aventine Apartments 2056 0 10 10 180 200 Hadley Villas Senior Apartments 2059 81 0 0 0 81 Miraflores Senior Apartments 2029 35 83 0 0 118 Seasons Senior Apartments 2024 45 46 0 0 91 Silverhawk Apartments 2060 0 0 75 139 214 Vista Dunes Courtyard Homes 2063 79 0 1 0 80 Washington Street Apartments 1 2066 73 0 0 0 73 Wolff Waters Place 2065 216 0 2 0 218 Total N/A 529 139 88 305 1,061 Source: City of La Quinta 1 The existing 73 units will be rehabilitated and 83 new units (23 very low and 60 low) are expected to be added to the project during the planning period. Covenants for the entire project are expected to be recorded in 2011 and will run for 55 years (2066). Preservation of Assisted Resources Page 8-2 December 2010 This page intentionally left blank. City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page 9-1 9.0 GOALS, POLICIES, AND PROGRAMS The following goals, policies, and programs set forth a comprehensive housing plan for the City of La Quinta during the 2006–2014 planning period. 9.1 Adequate Sites for Housing GOAL 1.1: Provide housing opportunities that meet the diverse needs of the City’s existing and projected population. Policy 1.1: Identify adequate sites to accommodate a range of product types, densities, and prices to address the housing needs of all household types, lifestyles, and income levels. Policy 1.2: Focus housing growth within existing City boundaries until it is necessary to pursue annexation or development in planning areas for affordable housing. Policy 1.3: Direct new housing development to viable areas where essential public facilities can be provided and employment opportunities, educational facilities, and commercial support are available. Policy 1.4: Support the construction of new affordable housing by rezoning, where appropriate and desirable, to permit higher density residential development. Policy 1.5: Pursue land banking opportunities for housing that exceeds the 2006–2014 RHNA. Program 1.1: General Plan Update The City’s General Plan is proposed to be updated during the planning period, beginning in late 2009. The update process provides an ideal opportunity to investigate potential land and policy resources for new housing construction. ■■ Objective: Explore new opportunities for housing affordable to a range of incomes through modified or new land uses and overlay districts. ■■ Timing: Anticipated adoption Fall 2011 ■■ Funding Source: General Fund ■■ Responsible Agency: Planning Department Program 1.2: Available Land for Housing While the development capacity of land identified in the vacant and underutilized land inventory has the potential to meet RHNA under current Goals, Policies, and Programs Page 9-2 December 2010 zoning designations, upzoning key sites will increase capacity and may facilitate the development of housing affordable to a range of incomes. ■■ Objective: Increase the capacity for housing on vacant and underutilized sites by rezoning particular sites as discussed in Section 8.0. ■■ Timing: July 1, 2012 ■■ Funding Source: General Fund ■■ Responsible Agency: Planning Department Program 1.3: Land Banking The recent downturn in the market reduces competition for purchasing vacant and underutilized residential sites. Land costs are a critical concern for the affordable housing development community. By purchasing land as it becomes available, the Redevelopment Agency will be able to provide sites at low or no cost to the developer for the purpose of subsidizing development to meet the RHNA. For example, the Agency sold a 15-acre site to Coachella Valley Housing Coalition for $1 to develop Wolff Waters Place, a project providing 218 affordable units completed in 2009. The City will continue to acquire and consolidate parcels associated with Site U8, in particular related to continuing discaussions with the owners of the existing 10.3 acre trailer park. ■■ Objective: Utilize Agency funds for the purchase of sites to meet the RHNA. ■■ Timing: 2006–2014 as determined by land availability and the Redevelopment Agency Implementation Plan. ■■ Funding Source: LMIHF ■■ Responsible Agency: Redevelopment Agency Program 1.4: Small Lot Subdivision Ordinance Smaller homes on smaller lots create potential for market-driven affordable housing to be developed in La Quinta, and is an appropriate form of housing for first-time homebuyers, small households, and seniors. The ordinance would create additional housing potential on small infill sites. Such an ordinance would include consideration for incentivizing small lot developments such as fee reductions, flexible development standards, allowances for small-lot, market-rate projects to utilize parking and other development-related density bonus incentives usually reserved for affordable projects, and expediting review of small-lot subdivision maps. ■■ Objective: Explore the potential for a small lot subdivision ordinance to allow the subdivision of existing parcels into smaller lots than currently permitted to facilitate the creation of small single-family detached and attached homes. ■■ Timing: July 1, 2012 City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page 9-3 ■■ Funding Source: General Fund ■■ Responsible Agency: Planning Department Program 1.5 Affordable Housing Overlay While affordable housing has been produced at relatively low densities in the City, additional density options could further expand the opportunity for affordable housing projects. Certain areas of the City could accommodate additional residential density without creating inconsistent land use patterns within the existing fabric. Additionally, most large-scale commercial development in La Quinta is one- story and does not approach the maximum allowable height limit. Permitting residential uses over commercial and office uses will increase the City’s capacity for housing and encourage vibrant, mixed-use nodes throughout the City without increasing existing building heights. Residential uses from 0 to 16 units per acre are currently permitted in the VC zone with a Village Use Permit and in the CR and CP zones with a conditional use permit. Higher density residential development would provide new attached housing opportunities for singles, couples, and small families that wish to enjoy La Quinta without the high cost associated with resort-style living. An Affordable Housing Overlay (AHO) would permit higher density development to occur in specific parts of the City provided the residential project dedicate at least 25 percent of the housing for lower income households. Property owners would not be required to develop affordable housing on their sites; however, projects that do so would be permitted to develop housing at densities of 20–24 units per acre. Moreover, the 24 unit per acre density would serve as the base level for the application of a density bonus under State law. Projects with an affordability component under 25% could be granted specific density bonus incentives they may not otherwise qualify for. Under existing provisions, affordable housing projects would be eligible for an additional 35 percent density bonus and could reach a maximum of just over 32 units per acre. Projects developed under the AHO would require a density of at least 20 units per acre. The AHO would also set forth financial and other incentives that could be made available, such as land write-downs, fee deferrals or reductions, prioritization of available public funding to AHO sites. In addition, the City will process affordable projects on AHO sites at a priority or ‘fast track’ level, and will consider flexible development standards that exceed the allowances under density bonus provisions, given the appropriate project. The overlay would be applied to properties zoned CC, CN, CP, RC, and VC, as well as certain residentially-zoned sites (see Tables C-1 and C-2 and Figure H-1). Projects would also need to have a minimum project size of 1 acre, which would encourage lot consolidation and maximize the housing potential of vacant and underutilized sites. Housing built under the provisions of the overlay would also be subject to the development standards of the City’s RH (High Density Residential) zone, which will be modified to be consistent with the AHO and Goals, Policies, and Programs Page 9-4 December 2010 create adequate development standards to facilitate densities established under the AHO (refer to Program 1.7). Projects that meet these standards and requirements would be permitted without a CUP or other additional discretionary review, consistent with GC Section 65583.2 (h) and (i). ■■ Objective: Amend the Municipal Code to create an Affordable Housing Overlay that permits affordable housing (stand alone, next to, and/or above nonresidential uses) at densities of 20 to 24 units per acre for sites one acre or larger in size in the Community Commercial, Commercial Park, Neighborhood Commercial, Regional Commercial, and Village Commercial zones. The Overlay shall also apply specifically to residentially-zoned sites U1, U2, U3, U8, and 15 as identified in Tables C-1 and C-2. to accommodate at least 50% of the remaining regional housing need of 1,213 units for lower-income households. The City will apply RH (High Density Residential) zone standards to residential uses in those commercial zones. City staff will propose increasing the maximum height limit from 35 to 40 feet to facilitate three-story mixed-use development. Evaluate reducing or eliminating 600-foot buffer for affordable housing from the Highway 111 corridor. Evaluate financial and performance-based incentives and incorporate into the AHO where appropriate. ■■ Timing: July 1, 2012 ■■ Funding Source: General Fund ■■ Responsible Agency: Planning Department Program 1.6 Affordable and Mixed-Use Housing Development Standards Residential uses at 20 to 24 units per acre will be permitted in several commercial zones (Program 1.5) and on specific residential sites following standards similar to those established for the High Density Residential zone. Higher density housing and vertically mixed-use development, including affordable housing projects, may benefit from regulations tailored to this use, especially with regard to parking standards. ■■ Objective: Create development standards specific to affordable and mixed-use housing development. Coordinate with nonprofit and for profit developers to assist in identifying appropriate standards for multifamily and affordable housing. ■■ Timing: July 1, 2012 ■■ Funding Source: General Fund ■■ Responsible Agency: Planning Department Program 1.7 High Density Residential Encourage future development or redevelopment of High Density Residential sites for multifamily housing by increasing the maximum density from 16 to 24 units per acre. Higher density housing may provide additional opportunities for City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page 9-5 housing types affordable to moderate and lower income households. This would be a land use action associated with the City’s 2011 General Plan Update process. ■■ Objective: Amend the Municipal Code to permit densities up to 24 units per acre in the High Density Residential zone. ■■ Timing: February 1, 2012 ■■ Funding Source: General Fund Responsible Agency: Planning Department Program 1.8 Adequate Sites Monitoring To ensure sufficient residential capacity for units affordable to lower-income households, the City will develop and implement an ongoing site monitoring procedure consistent with State Housing Law. The procedure shall provide that where development approvals on identified AHO sites result in a reduction of potential affordable units below the total residential capacity assumed in Tables C-1 and C-2 (e.g. Site 15 in Table C-1 is developed below its projected density), the City will identify and analyze additional AHO sites to accommodate the shortfall of capacity remaining within the AHO. As the AHO will apply to all commercially zoned sites within the CC, CN, CP, RC, VC zones, the City may need to incorporate additional commercially zoned sites as part of the housing element inventory if any of the previously identified and analyzed AHO sites develop below their identified capacity. The City will report on the status and implementation of the AHO including development occurring on identified sites to determine whether Program incentives are providing the necessary catalyst to ensure that development is occurring consistent with the buildout projections described in Tables C-1 and C-2. As necessary, the City will revise this program to ensure the AHO remains a realistic and viable development strategy to accommodate the City’s remaining regional need for lower-income households throughout the planning period. ■■ Objective: Develop and implement an Affordable Housing Overlay site monitoring procedure. ■■ Timing: July 1, 2011 ■■ Funding Source: General Fund ■■ Responsible Agency: Planning Department Goals, Policies, and Programs Page 9-6 December 2010 9.2 Assist in the Development of Affordable Housing GOAL 2.1: Assist in the creation and provision of resources to support housing for lower and moderate income households. Policy 2.1: Increase housing choices for lower and moderate income households. Policy 2.2: Support public, private, and nonprofit efforts in the development of affordable housing. Policy 2.3: Pursue a variety of forms of private, local, state, and federal assistance to support development of affordable housing. Program 2.1: Housing Acquisition State law permits jurisdictions “buy down” existing residential projects by restricting previously above moderate income units for lower income households. The City may meet a portion of its RHNA by restricting existing projects or purchasing and deed-restricting foreclosed homes. ■■ Objective: Purchase a portion or all of a project and restrict above moderate income units for lower income households ■■ Timing: Complete purchase by June 2014 ■■ Funding Source: LMIHF ■■ Responsible Agency: Redevelopment Agency Program 2.2: Second Units and Guest/Employee Housing Encourage the development of second units, guest houses, and employee quarters through a promotional brochure designed to define a second unit, explain local development requirements, and describe the local entitlement process. This information will be provided at City Hall and on the City’s website. Press releases and other free forms of media may also be used to inform the public of its availability. Second units and guest/employee quarters (referred to in La Quinta as “casitas”) provide housing opportunities for lower income households. Employee quarters, per the City’s Municipal Code, are rent-free and therefore affordable to extremely low income households. ■■ Objective: Produce and distribute second unit brochure; facilitate the development of 200 second units and guest houses/employee quarters ■■ Timing: Produce brochure by March 2010 ■■ Funding Source: General Fund ■■ Responsible Agency: Planning Department City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page 9-7 Program 2.3: Guest/Employee Housing Facilitate the development of rent-free guest and employee housing by permitting as an accessory use without a Minor Use Permit, and expanding the definition of guest and employee housing units to allow full bathroom and kitchen facilities. Full bathroom and kitchen facilities will improve the quality of life for lower and extremely low income employees in La Quinta. ■■ Objective: Amend the Municipal Code to permit guest and employee housing without a Minor Use Permit and allow full plumbing facilities. ■■ Timing: March 2010 ■■ Funding Source: General Fund ■■ Responsible Agency: Planning Department Program 2.4: Density Bonus The City updated its density bonus law in 2008, but will need to reflect additional changes brought through AB 2280. Density bonuses allow the development community to construct densities higher than the maximum allowed, and receive other incentives for providing affordable housing. ■■ Objective: Update the Zoning Code to include amendments to density bonus law under Assembly Bill 2280 and provide a summary of the changes on the affordable housing page of the City’s website. ■■ Timing: Adopt by March 2010 ■■ Funding Source: General Fund ■■ Responsible Agency: Planning Department Program 2.5: Collaborative Partnerships The City shall meet with parties interested in affordable housing development to discuss types of land and financial incentives available and requirements for obtaining assistance, discuss appropriate sites for affordable housing, and foster professional collaboration between the City and affordable housing stakeholders. By supporting projects that maximize the leveraging of private, state, and federal financial resources the Agency’s funds will assist in the development of more units. ■■ Objective: Continue to collaborate with nonprofits and the development community to finance and develop affordable housing. ■■ Timing: Project-by-project basis, by request, or on an annual basis in tandem with meetings associated with Program 2.8. ■■ Funding Source: General Fund ■■ Responsible Agency: Planning Department and Redevelopment Agency Goals, Policies, and Programs Page 9-8 December 2010 Program 2.6: Affordable Housing Renter-to-Owner Transition Low Income Housing Tax Credit (LIHTC) provides federal tax credits for private developers and investors that agree to set aside all or a portion of their units for low income households. LIHTC projects can transition from rental to ownership units. The units must remain rentals for 15 years, at which time some projects convert to ownership units. Typically a portion or all of the rent paid for the 5 years prior to the conversion is put toward the purchase of the unit. This enables lower income households to invest in the property in which they have been living and benefit from its appreciation. Providing lower and moderate income households with affordable rental housing allows them to save money for the future home purchase. Giving a renter the opportunity to own their unit creates a sense of community responsibility, establishes a time-sensitive financial savings goal, and provides an opportunity to share in the appreciation of the project. Renter-to-owner affordable housing projects are long term projects that allow a household to remain in La Quinta and aspire to homeownership. Existing stalled condominium and townhome projects are prime opportunities for low income tax credits to be used for renter-to-owner programs. ■■ Objective: Investigate the use of LIHTCs to finance affordable single- family attached rental development that can transition, after 15 years, into moderate income ownership housing. ■■ Timing: Complete study by June 2010 ■■ Funding Source: General Fund ■■ Responsible Agency: Redevelopment Agency Program 2.7: Other Financial Resources for Affordable Housing There are many resources that the City, nonprofits, or for-profit developers may utilize to subsidize the construction and maintenance of affordable housing. Some of the most prominent resources are described below. ■■ Objective: Advertise other financial resources through the affordable housing page of the City’s website, apply for grants and competitive loans, and form partnerships with the development community to obtain additional financial resources. ■■ Timing: Update website with funding information and partnership opportunities every six months or earlier if appropriate. Funding resources are typically offered on an annual basis, most often at the start of the new fiscal year (either January or July). ■■ Funding Source: General Fund ■■ Responsible Agency: Planning Division City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page 9-9 Low Income Tax Credits Low Income Housing Tax Credit (LIHTC) provides federal tax credits for private developers and investors that agree to set aside all or a portion of their units for low income households. A minimum of 20 percent of the units must be affordable to low income households and 40 percent of the units must be affordable to moderate income households. Community Reinvestment Act The Community Reinvestment Act provides favorable financing to affordable housing developers. The Redevelopment Agency, development community, and local, regional, and national banks are encouraged to work together to meet their obligations pursuant to the Community Reinvestment Act. California Housing Finance Agency Program The California Housing Finance Agency (CHFA) has three single-family programs for primarily moderate and middle income homebuyers: the Home Ownership Assistance Program and the Affordable Housing Partnership Program. Each provides permanent mortgage financing for first-time homebuyers at below-market interest rates. HOME Funds HOME is the largest Federal block grant distributed to state and local governments for the creation of lower income housing. Cities apply when Notices of Funding Availability are issued. Neighborhood Stabilization Program HUD’s Neighborhood Stabilization Program makes emergency assistance grants available to local governments for the acquisition, redevelopment, and renting or resale of foreclosed properties at-risk of abandonment. Riverside County First-Time Homebuyers Program Continue participation in the Riverside County First-Time Homebuyers Program for low and moderate income households. Mortgage Credit Certificate The Riverside County Mortgage Credit Certificate Program is designed to assist low and moderate income first time homebuyers. Under the Mortgage Credit Certificate Program, first-time homebuyers receive a tax credit based on a percentage of the interest paid on their mortgage. This tax credit allows the buyer to qualify more easily for home loans, as it increases the effective income of the buyer. Under federal legislation, 20 percent of the funds must be set aside for buyers with incomes between 75 and 80 percent of the county median income. Goals, Policies, and Programs Page 9-10 December 2010 Finance Agency Lease-Purchase Program Riverside/San Bernardino County Housing Finance Agency Lease Purchase Program provides down payment assistance and closing costs for eligible households up to 140 percent of the area median income. Housing Choice Voucher (formerly Section 8) Referrals Housing Choice Vouchers allow lower income households to use rental subsidies anywhere in the County, including La Quinta. Program 2.8: Sweat Equity and Shared Equity Sweat equity and shared equity programs provide lower and moderate income households with ownership assistance. Sweat equity refers to the exchange of time and effort, usually in the form of construction activities, for an affordable ownership opportunity. Shared equity refers to the exchange of a portion of the home appreciation for an affordable ownership opportunity. ■■ Objective: Continue to work with organizations that offer sweat and shared equity housing programs to lower and moderate income households in La Quinta. Meet with organizations annually or more frequently (if requested or advantageous) to identify opportunities for coordinated efforts or potential housing projects. ■■ Timing: Annual meetings, ongoing coordination ■■ Funding Source: LMIHF; approximately $300,000 per year is set aside specifically for the Building Horizons program ■■ Responsible Agency: Redevelopment Agency Program 2.9: Foreclosed Home Purchase Investigate the feasibility of purchasing foreclosed homes and offering them to residents at prices affordable to low and moderate income households. HUD’s Neighborhood Stabilization Program makes emergency assistance grants available to local governments for the acquisition, redevelopment, and renting or resale of foreclosed properties at-risk of abandonment. ■■ Timing: Complete study by June 2010 ■■ Funding Source: General Fund ■■ Responsible Agency: Planning Department and Redevelopment Agency City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page 9-11 Program 2.10: Second Trust Deed Loan Program In second trust deed loan programs jurisdictions and agencies assist lower or moderate income households purchase a home by providing a mortgage subsidy. The City will explore utilizing a silent second trust deed program to facilitate homeownership. ■■ Timing: Complete study by June 2010 ■■ Funding Source: General Fund ■■ Responsible Agency: Planning Department and Redevelopment Agency Program 2.11: Housing Related Parks Program The Department of Housing and Community Development is preparing to establish a grant program to assist in the development of parkland in lower income areas. The City will track the process of the Housing Related Parks Program and seek funding should the City qualify under the finalized program guidelines. ■■ Timing: Periodically review HCD website, program availability to be determined by HCD ■■ Funding Source: General Fund ■■ Responsible Agency: Planning Department and Redevelopment Agency 9.3 Removal of Governmental Constraints to Housing GOAL 3.1: Create a regulatory system that does not unduly constrain the maintenance, improvement, and development of housing affordable to all La Quinta residents. Policy 3.1: Remove unnecessary regulatory constraints to enable the construction or rehabilitation of housing that meets the needs of La Quinta residents, including lower income and special needs residents. Policy 3.2: Coordinate the development of affordable housing with the provision of key utilities to ensure prompt and adequate service. Policy 3.3: Incentivize the development of affordable housing to facilitate the development of housing for the City’s lower and moderate income households. Program 3.1: Assessment District/Water/Sewer Subsidy Program The City’s Assessment District/Water/Sewer Subsidy Program alleviated some of the financial hardship on lower and moderate income households by Goals, Policies, and Programs Page 9-12 December 2010 providing assistance to cover the cost of assessment districts, plumbing installation fees, and sewer connection fees. ■■ Objective: Investigate funding resources for reinstating the Assessment District/Water/Sewer Subsidy Program during the planning period. ■■ Timing: December 2010 ■■ Funding Source: Study funded by General Fund ■■ Responsible Agency: Redevelopment Agency Program 3.2: Priority Water and Sewer Service In compliance with state law, the Coachella Valley Water District (CVWD) must create procedures to provide priority water and sewer service to lower income residential project. The law also prohibits the denial or conditioning the approval of service without adequate findings, and requires future water management plans to identify projected water use for lower income residential development. ■■ Objective: Route the adopted Housing Element to the CVWD and notify them of changes and future updates to the Housing Element. ■■ Timing: Upon Housing Element adoption ■■ Funding Source: General Fund ■■ Responsible Agency: Planning Department Program 3.3: Review Permitting Fees and Processing Times Study permitting fees and processing times to identify any potential opportunities to streamline the process and reduce the cost of the entitlement process for projects with an affordable housing component. ■■ Objective: Identify means of reducing fees and processing times for projects with an affordable housing component. ■■ Timing: Complete study by June 2011 ■■ Funding Source: General plan ■■ Responsible Agency: Planning Department Program 3.4: Reduced Parking Standards There are several potential opportunities to reduce parking standards for special types of development in La Quinta. While the City already has special parking standards for multifamily senior housing, there is potential to further reduce those requirements, particularly for lower and moderate income senior housing. The compact, mixed-use character of the Village area may also foster opportunities for parking reductions or joint-use opportunities. Lower and moderate income households may own fewer vehicles than above moderate City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page 9-13 income households, and be more inclined to walk or use public transportation. Incentives such as reduced parking requirements could be offered for affordable housing developments. ■■ Objective: Study the potential impacts of adopting reduced parking requirements or shared parking standards for senior housing and housing in the Village, particularly for projects serving lower and moderate income households. ■■ Timing: Coordinate with 2009/2011 General Plan update ■■ Funding Source: General Fund ■■ Responsible Agency: Planning Department Program 3.5: Encourage Lot Consolidation Several small lots in the Village Commercial would have improved development potential through lot consolidation. The City will study, identify, and adopt regulatory incentives to encourage and facilitate lot consolidation. Potential incentives include fee deferral or reductions, City-assisted parcel assemblage and mergers, parking requirement reduction, and relief from various other development standards that could potentially increase the cost of the project. ■■ Objective: Identify opportunities and adopt incentives for lot consolidation in the Village Commercial zone ■■ Timing: July 1, 2012 ■■ Funding Source: General Fund ■■ Responsible Agency: Planning Department 9.4 Preservation and Rehabilitation of Housing Stock GOAL 4.1: Conserve and improve the quality of existing La Quinta neighborhoods and individual properties. Policy 4.1: Protect the quality of La Quinta’s neighborhoods through the rehabilitation of both affordable and market-rate homes. Policy 4.2: Promote financial and technical assistance to lower and moderate income households for housing maintenance and improvements. Policy 4.3: Encourage the retention and rehabilitation of existing single-family neighborhoods and mobile home parks that are economically and physically sound. Policy 4.4: Enhance neighborhoods that presently provide affordable housing with drainage, lighting and landscape amenities, and parks and recreation areas. Goals, Policies, and Programs Page 9-14 December 2010 Program 4.1: Residential Rehabilitation Program The Residential Rehabilitation Program provides low interest loans up to $25,000 for property and structural repairs and rehabilitation of single-family homes and small multifamily projects. The Residential Rehabilitation Program encompasses a code compliance component to assist lower income homeowners that have been cited for minor code violations. ■■ Objective: Revise the program to meet current needs, as determined in the Redevelopment Agency Implementation Plan, to be updated in 2009. Assist 20 lower income households. ■■ Timing: 2006–2014 ■■ Funding Source: CDBG and LMIHF ■■ Responsible Agency: Redevelopment Agency Program 4.2: Housing Condition Monitoring To better understand the City’s housing needs the quality and condition of the housing stock must be inventories on a regular basis. The inventory should focus on older neighborhoods, such as those south of Calle Tampico, west of Washington Street, and north of Highway 111. ■■ Objective: Maintain an inventory of housing conditions (updated approximately every five years) to enable the City to properly target Code Compliance and rehabilitation resources. ■■ Timing: Complete by January 1, 2014 ■■ Funding Source: General Fund ■■ Responsible Agency: Planning Department and Code Compliance Program 4.3: County of Riverside Senior Residential Rehabilitation The Minor Senior Home Repair program allocates grants up to $250 per year for lower income seniors for minor housing repairs, such as painting doors or trim, or repairing a window. The Enhanced Senior Home Repair Program provides major rehabilitation and repair for low income seniors, providing a one-time grant for repairs to homes owned and occupied by seniors and/or persons with disabilities. The maximum level of assistance for this program is $3,000 per year. ■■ Objective: Continue to refer code violators and interested parties to the County of Riverside Minor and Enhanced Senior Home Repair programs and other local resources. Assist homeowners in completing applications as necessary. ■■ Timing: 2006–2014, on a case-by-case basis ■■ Funding Source: General Fund City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page 9-15 ■■ Responsible Agency: Planning Department and Code Compliance Division Program 4.4: County of Riverside Home Repair Grant The County of Riverside Economic Development Agency Home Repair Program provides lower income households with up to $6,000 for home repairs such as a new roof, new air-conditioner, or a handicap ramp. As a jurisdiction in Riverside County, lower income La Quinta households are eligible for this grant. ■■ Objective: Refer code violators and interested parties to the County of Riverside for home repair grants. ■■ Timing: 2006–2014, on a case-by-case basis ■■ Funding Source: General Fund ■■ Responsible Agency: Planning Department and Code Compliance Division Program 4.5: Rehabilitation Resources List Lower and moderate income homeowners may need assistance in affording important home repairs and improvements. The City can assist these households by compiling and sharing a listing of local, state, and federal programs offering rehabilitation assistance. ■■ Objective: Provide a rehabilitation resources list on the affordable housing and code compliance pages of the City’s website. Use the list, in online or printed form, as a reference for code violators. ■■ Timing: Create list by March 2010 ■■ Funding Source: General Fund ■■ Responsible Agency: Planning Department, Code Compliance Division, and Redevelopment Agency 9.5 Equal Housing Opportunity GOAL 5.1: Provide equal housing opportunities for all persons. Policy 5.1: Provide the regulatory framework to create an environment in which housing opportunities are equal. Policy 5.2: Encourage and support the enforcement of laws and regulations prohibiting discrimination in lending practices and in the sale or rental of housing. Policy 5.3: Encourage support services for the Coachella Valley’s senior and homeless populations through referrals and collaborative efforts with non- profits and other jurisdictions. Goals, Policies, and Programs Page 9-16 December 2010 Policy 5.4: Assist in the creation of a continuum of care for the homeless population and those transitioning into permanent housing. Policy 5.5: Improve quality of life for disabled persons by facilitating relief from regulatory requirements that may create barriers to accessible housing and promoting universal design. Program 5.1: Zoning Code and Discrimination The City of La Quinta seeks to provide fair regulations to guide development within the community. The City must ensure that amendments to the Zoning Code do not enact regulations causing or contributing to discrimination against any residential development because of race, sex, religion, national origin, marital status, or disability of its owners or intended occupants. ■■ Objective: Analyze proposed amendments to the Zoning Code to prevent discriminatory changes. ■■ Timing: 2006–2014 ■■ Funding Source: General Fund ■■ Responsible Agency: Planning Department Program 5.2: Shared Housing a Riverside Experience (SHARE) SHARE is a nonprofit organization whose purpose is to promote home sharing. Home sharing programs provide referral/matching services to people with limited incomes seeking housing, and homeowners who wish to share their home. SHARE targets senior citizens and estimates that 50 percent of these matches involve economically disadvantaged groups, with 25 percent of these matches involving very low income households. ■■ Objective: Encourage participation in home sharing, particularly for lower income seniors, by promoting the SHARE program on the affordable housing page of the City’s website and at the La Quinta Senior Center. ■■ Timing: Update website and distribute information to the Senior Center by March 2010 ■■ Funding Source: General Fund ■■ Responsible Agency: Planning Department and Senior Center City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page 9-17 Program 5.3: Manufactured Housing Assistance Program Manufactured homes on permanent foundations are a cost effective alternative to the traditional single-family detached home. ■■ Objective: Continue to maintain the potential for manufactured homes in residential designations as an affordable housing resource (formerly Mobile Home Park Assistance Program). ■■ Timing: 2006–2014 ■■ Funding Source: General Fund ■■ Responsible Agency: Planning Department Program 5.4: Reasonable Accommodation Ordinance Disabled individuals or those acting on their behalf to may need to request reasonable accommodation from land use, zoning, or building rules, practices, and/or procedures of the City in order to obtain adequate housing. ■■ Objective: Adopt a process for reasonable accommodation, including a provision of assistance in making the request, as well as for appealing a determination. ■■ Timing: Adopt ordinance by March 2010 ■■ Funding Source: General Fund ■■ Responsible Agency: Planning Department Program 5.5: Universal Design Universal design refers to barrier-free and accessible design that may incorporate personal assistance technology. Universal design creates spaces that are accessible to persons with disabilities, but also designed for general use. Broad-application of universal design standards would result in new and rehabilitated homes that are appropriate for an entire lifecycle, from infant to elder. By incorporating universal design features the ability of the housing stock to meet existing and future needs would be greatly improved. ■■ Objective: Review existing development standards and evaluate the potential for requiring new development and/or rehabilitation to utilize universal design features. ■■ Timing: Coordinate with 2009/2011 General Plan Update ■■ Funding Source: General Fund ■■ Responsible Agency: Planning Department Goals, Policies, and Programs Page 9-18 December 2010 Program 5.6: Regional Facilities for the Homeless Continue to support and collaborate with the Coachella Valley Association of Governments Homelessness Committee efforts to create a regional homeless facility that will provide housing as well as supportive services. The Strategic Plan created by the Homelessness Committee establishes a continuum of care for the Coachella Valley. ■■ Timing: Council voted to support in 2008; City staff will continue to collaborate with CVAG throughout the planning period (2006–2014) ■■ Funding Source: General Fund ■■ Responsible Agency: Planning Department Program 5.7: Emergency Shelters, Transitional Housing, and Permanent Supportive Housing Recent state legislation (Senate Bill 2) has provided direction for local governments to address the housing needs of the homeless. Emergency Shelters, Transitional Housing, and Permanent Supportive Housing are all components of a curriculum of care for the homeless. Although the Riverside County Homeless Census did not identify any homeless population in La Quinta, the City seeks to comply with SB 2 by contributing to efforts to meet the needs of the homeless throughout the region. Emergency shelters are usually the first step in a homeless continuum of care program designed to allow homeless people a temporary place of stay. Although the Municipal Code lists emergency shelters as a permitted use in all commercial zones, no definition is provided for this use. Furthermore, transitional shelters are defined as temporary or more emergency-basis uses in the Municipal Code and are conditionally permitted in the Regional Commercial (CR) and Major Community Facilities (MC) zones. However, actual transitional housing typically accommodates homeless people for up to two years as they stabilize their lives and does not meet emergency needs. Transitional housing includes training and services that are vital for rehabilitating and enriching the lives of the formerly homeless. Transitional housing facilities provide families and individuals with a safe place within which to rebuild their lives and prepare for independence. Permanent supportive housing is affordable housing with on- or off-site services that help a person maintain a stable, housed, life. This use is not currently addressed in the Zoning Code. ■■ Objective: Update the Zoning Code to include legally adequate and appropriate definitions for emergency shelters, transitional housing, and permanent supportive housing. Emergency shelters will be permitted without discretionary approval in the MC zone and conditionally permitted in the CR zone. Transitional and supportive housing types will be permitted as any other residential use in residential zones. Development and operation standards will be City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page 9-19 developed in compliance with Senate Bill 2 to ensure proper construction or building adaptation for emergency shelter use. ■■ Timing: Coordinate with 2009/2011 General Plan Update ■■ Funding Source: General Fund ■■ Responsible Agency: Planning Department Program 5.8: Fair Housing Referrals Fair housing organizations provide dispute resolution and legal assistance to tenants and landlords in conflict. Such services are particularly important for lower and moderate income households unable to afford counsel. ■■ Objective: Continue to refer tenants and landlords to the Fair Housing Council of Riverside County. Provide information on fair housing resources on the City’s website and at City Hall. Identify and coordinate with local nonprofits, service organizations and community groups that can assist in distributing fair housing information. ■■ Timing: Referral service as needed. Information to be placed on website and local groups identified by December 2010 ■■ Funding Source: General Fund ■■ Responsible Agency: Planning Department Program 5.9: Directory of Services While numerous services are available to special needs and lower income households, it can be difficult to readily have access to these resources. A directory provides the contact information necessary to seek housing assistance. ■■ Objective: Develop an online directory of services and information to provide La Quinta residents with contact information for community organizations and service providers that address special needs. ■■ Timing: Update website by June 2010 ■■ Funding Source: General Fund ■■ Responsible Agency: Planning Department 9.6 Energy and Water Conservation GOAL 6.1: Provide a regulatory framework that facilitates and encourages energy and water conservation through sustainable site planning, project design, and green technologies and building materials. Policy 6.1: Promote higher density and compact developments that increase energy efficiency and reduce land consumption. Goals, Policies, and Programs Page 9-20 December 2010 Policy 6.2: Facilitate housing development and rehabilitation that conserves natural resources and minimizes greenhouse gas emissions. Policy 6.3: Encourage and enforce green building regulations or incentives that do not serve as constraints to the development or rehabilitation of housing. Policy 6.4: Focus sustainability efforts on measures and techniques that also assist the occupant in reducing energy costs; therefore reducing housing costs. Policy 6.5: Use and encourage emerging technologies to reduce high demands for electricity and natural gas including use of passive solar devices and where feasible other renewable energy technologies (e.g., biomass, wind, and geothermal). Program 6.1: Green and Sustainable La Quinta Program The City Council has identified the conservation of natural resources as a critical concern in La Quinta. In July 2007 the City Council directed staff to initiate the development of the Green and Sustainable La Quinta Program, a comprehensive program to reduce the environmental impact of existing structures, rehabilitation efforts, and new construction. Progress to date includes participating in local energy reduction and water conservation programs. The formal Green and Sustainable Program may include energy conserving standards for street widths, streetscapes, and landscaping to reduce heat loss. Energy consumption in existing homes could be improved by incentivizing energy-efficient retrofits prior to the resale of homes. ■■ Objective: Adopt new green goals, policies, and programs that accurately represent the City’s direction in resource conservation and minimizing greenhouse gas emissions. Adopt design standards for residential and commercial structures that encourage solar protection to directly result in energy conservation. ■■ Timing: July 2012; or concurrent with 2009/2011 General Plan Update ■■ Funding Source: General Fund ■■ Responsible Agency: Planning Department Program 6.2: Energy Conservation Partners In working toward a sustainable La Quinta, the City and its residents will need to collaborate with utilities and service providers. Partnerships with the Coachella Valley Water District, Imperial Irrigation District, Southern California Gas, Burrtec Waste and Recycling Services, Sunline Transit District, Coachella Valley Association of Governments, Southern California Association of Governments and other entities will be an important component of making La Quinta a more sustainable city. City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page 9-21 ■■ Objective: Continue to meet with and seek insight from utilities, service providers, and other entities involved in energy conservation efforts appropriate for La Quinta. ■■ Timing: 2006–2014 ■■ Funding Source: General Fund ■■ Responsible Agency: City Manager’s Office/ Planning Department Program 6.3: Cooperative Water Management Program for Cove Homes The Redevelopment Agency upgrades the plumbing, heating, air conditioning, and other equipment in their Cove Homes during the rehabilitation process prior to sale. In 2008 the City Council approved collaborative efforts between the Agency and Coachella Valley Water District. The Agency is participating in the Coachella Valley Cooperative Water Management Program to improve water efficiency in Cove Homes. ■■ Objective: Implement the Cooperative Water Management Program for the Agency’s Cove Homes and evaluate the feasibility of implementing changes to existing landscape and irrigation when Cove Homes are sold. ■■ Timing: 2006–2014 ■■ Funding Source: LMIHF and/or CVWD program funds ■■ Responsible Agency: Redevelopment Agency Program 6.4: Landscape Water Management Program In 2008 the City formed a partnership with the Coachella Valley Water District to start a citywide Landscape Water Management Program. The program provides affordable landscape design and consulting services to assist homeowners in making landscaping improvements to reduce sprinkler runoff and reduce the amount of water used for landscaping. In accordance with the program the City amended the Municipal Code to provide more restricted water efficient landscaping standards. The City adopted a landscape water management program that will reimburse homeowners up to $1,000 to replace inefficient landscape design, materials, and irrigation systems. ■■ Objective: Assist 50 households to reduce water waste and water use for landscaping through the Landscape Water Management Program. ■■ Timing: 2006–2014 ■■ Funding Source: General Fund, CVWD program funds, potential AB 811 special assessment district funds ■■ Responsible Agency: City Manager’s Office/ Planning Department Program 6.5: Imperial Irrigation District Programs The Imperial Irrigation District (IID) is proactive in energy savings via conservation programs, product rebates, and general tips. An average home Goals, Policies, and Programs Page 9-22 December 2010 owner can save up to 10 percent on energy/energy bills by taking advantage of IID programs. Home owners can utilize the free “Check Me!” program, which checks the refrigerant charge and airflow of their air conditioning/heating units. IID also offers a rebate on the purchase of higher efficiency air conditioning units, high efficiency refrigerators, programmable thermostats, and ENERGY STAR equipment. City staff has held several meetings with IID representatives to discuss opportunities for collaboration to conserve energy in La Quinta, including water management opportunities for golf courses and golf-oriented communities. ■■ Objective: Follow up with IID to establish and market a plan to participate in programs that are most beneficial to La Quinta residents and homeowners; continue to develop HVAC retrofitting program with IID. ■■ Timing: Adopt plan by June 2010 ■■ Funding Source: General Fund, IID program funds, and potential AB 811 special assessment district funds ■■ Responsible Agency: City Manager’s Office/ Planning Department Program 6.6: Weatherization Assistance The Federal Department of Energy’s Weatherization Assistance Program, in conjunction with state and local programs, provide low or no cost weatherization and insulation services to reduce the heating and cooling costs for low income households. ■■ Objective: Encourage low income homeowners or renters to apply for free energy audits, home weatherization, and utility rebate programs by advertising available programs on the City’s website and at City Hall. ■■ Timing: Advertise by March 2010 ■■ Funding: General Fund ■■ Responsible Agency: Building and Safety Department/ City Manager’s Office 9.7 2006–2014 Quantified Objectives Each jurisdiction must establish quantified objectives by income category to prepare to meet or exceed the RHNA for the 2006–2014 planning period. The City of La Quinta’s quantified objectives are based on constructed and approved units, land resources for new housing, second units and employee quarters, and programs created to address other existing and projected housing needs. Supportive housing assistance programs and removal of governmental constraints create the financial and regulatory environment needed to potentially accommodate new lower and moderate income housing. City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page 9-23 Achieving the City of La Quinta’s quantified objectives beyond constructed and approved units will rely upon Redevelopment Area affordable housing requirements, Redevelopment Agency funding, leveraging outside funds, nonprofit and developer interest in vacant and underutilized sites, partnerships with utilities agencies, and collaboration with affordable housing organizations. A summary of the City’s quantified objectives by income category is provided in Table H-47. These quantified objectives reflect the City’s goals for housing construction and rehabilitation for the 2006–2014 planning period. TABLE H-47 Quantified Objectives 2006–2014 Type of Housing Extremely Low Very Low Low Moderate Above Moderate Total New Construction New Units 200 400 300 700 6,000 7,600 City Rehabilitation/Improvement Assistance 1,2 4.1 Residential Rehabilitation 10 10 0 0 20 6.4 Landscape Water Management 15 15 15 5 50 1 Other programs are proposed to assist the rehabilitation and improvement of housing in La Quinta, however, at this time many programs do not have quantified objectives. For example, it is currently unknown how many La Quinta households will utilize County of Riverside rehabilitation grants, how much money may be available from new state and federal resources, and there are not any unit targets by income level for housing condition monitoring. Quantified objectives will be created as funds are secured. 2 No conservation goals are provided because no assisted units are at-risk of conversion within ten years of the planning period. Please refer to Section 8.0 Preservation of Assisted Resources. City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page A-1 APPENDIX A: PAST ACCOMPLISHMENTS AND EFFECTIVENESS OF THE 1998–2005 HOUSING ELEMENT Appendices A Page A-2 December 2010 This page intentionally left blank. City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page A-3 APPENDIX A: PAST ACCOMPLISHMENTS AND EFFECTIVENESS OF THE 1998-2005 HOUSING ELEMENT To develop appropriate programs to address the housing issues identified in this 2008 Housing Element Update, the City of La Quinta has reviewed the effectiveness of the housing programs adopted in the 2004 Housing Element, which addressed the 1998–2005 planning period. The State of California requires an assessment of the previous housing program to identify areas of accomplishment as well as areas in which improvement could occur following the implementation of new or modified programs. The following section reviews the progress in implementation of the programs, the effectiveness of the 2004 Element, and the continued appropriateness of the identified programs. Analysis of the past element is of quantitative nature where such information is available. The results of the analysis provided the basis for developing the comprehensive housing strategy for the planning period in progress. In terms of new affordable housing construction, the City exceeded its RHNA allocation of 206 units affordable to Very Low income households by 34 units, and its RHNA allocation of 200 units affordable to Low income households by 85 units. Furthermore, housing programs implemented by the Redevelopment Agency have resulted in significant purchasing assistance to homebuyers and renters, and rehabilitation assistance to homeowners. In recognizing the accomplishments of its previous Housing Element, the City will continue to pursue similar activities, particularly land acquisition and Zoning Code amendments to encourage and facilitate the production of housing affordable to a range of incomes. Program Evaluation Provision of Adequate Housing Sites Program: Sites for Homeless and Emergency and Transitional Shelters ■■ Intent: Provide adequate sites for emergency and transitional shelters. ■■ Objective: Continue to permit transitional housing in the Regional Commercial and Major Community Facilities designations and emergency shelters in all nonresidential zones. These uses will be subject to discretionary approval. ■■ Funding Source: General Fund ■■ Responsible Agency: Planning Department ■■ Timeline: Ongoing ■■ Level of Achievement: Ordinances were revised and adopted accordingly. No emergency shelters or transitional housing facilities were constructed during the planning period. Appendices A Page A-4 December 2010 ■ Recommendations/Lessons Learned: Emergency shelters are undefined in the Zoning Code and transitional housing is defined as an emergency- oriented use. Modify program to adequately define emergency shelter, transitional housing, and permanent supportive housing; to permit transitional housing as any other residential use; conditionally permit emergency shelters in the zones previously designated for transitional housing, and continue to participate and support the Strategic Plan created by CVAG’s Homelessness Committee. Program: Landbanking ■■ Intent: Acquire sites (or funds) for affordable/senior housing. ■■ Objective: Continue landbanking activities for acquisition of sites for affordable/ senior housing to be developed by the Agency in conjunction with nonprofits or private developers. Work with private developers toward development of affordable housing. ■■ Funding Source: CDBG, LMIHF, and Tax Increment ■■ Responsible Agency: Planning Department/ Redevelopment Agency ■■ Timeline: Completion of special projects by 2005 ■■ Level of Achievement: ■■ Constructed Hadley Villas—81 very low income senior apartments ■■ Approved Watercolors—149 moderate income detached units (ages 55 and over) ■■ Acquired Vista Dunes Mobile Home Park—relocated residents and redeveloped the site for 79 very low income and 1 moderate income sustainable family units (Vista Dunes Courtyard Homes was completed during the 2006–2014 planning period) ■■ Acquired Wolff Waters Place site—216 very low income and 2 moderate income units expected to be completed in 2009. ■■ Recommendations/Lessons Learned: The City has been very successful in landbanking and is pursuing additional acquisition opportunities. Continue this program. Program: Zoning Code Revisions ■■ Intent: Maintain consistency with the General Plan. ■■ Objective: Review and update periodically to ensure consistency with Land Use Plan. Amend as necessary to provide for flexibility in site planning. ■■ Funding Source: General Fund ■■ Responsible Agency: Planning Department ■■ Timeline: Ongoing ■■ Level of Achievement: Various amendments to the Zoning Code were adopted based on programs in the Housing Element, such as permitting multiple second units in lower density zones. ■ Recommendations/Lessons Learned: Modify to create a program relating to the timing of the 2009/2011 General Plan update. City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page A-5 Program: Mobile Home Parks and Subdivisions ■■ Intent: Protect Mobile home resources and potential for mobile home products ■■ Objective: Continue to provide for development of mobile home parks in all residential zones subject to a CUP (except in RH) and manufactured homes on permanent foundations or subdivisions as a permitted use in all zones, subject to a MUP. Maintain or rehabilitate stock of existing mobile homes. Identify potential candidate sites for a manufactured home subdivision. ■■ Funding Source: General Fund and LMIHF ■■ Responsible Agency: Planning Department ■■ Timeline: Ongoing; site identification by 2005 ■■ Level of Achievement: No sites or parks identified or rehabilitated; however, one deteriorating mobile home park was purchased for redevelopment and the residents were relocated using LMIHF. ■ Recommendations/Lessons Learned: Modify this program to remove the identification of potential sites for manufactured home subdivision as it suggests a specific product type without consultation of the property owner; and include the purchasing of dilapidated mobile home parks for affordable housing development. Program: Inclusionary Affordable Housing Program ■■ Intent: Provide affordable units per state redevelopment law. Implement inclusionary requirements per the Nonresidential Overlay in the RC zone. ■■ Objective: Comply with state law with regards to inclusionary housing in Redevelopment Agency Project Areas. To meet Agency objectives, target provision of a total of 571 affordable units during the 1998–2005 planning period. ■■ Funding Source: LMIHF ■■ Responsible Agency: Redevelopment Agency ■■ Timeframe: Target completion of 571 affordable units by end of 2005 Level of Achievement: The agency assisted in the construction and subsidizing of over 400 affordable housing units, and assisted in the rehabilitation of dozens of homes for lower and moderate income households. ■ Recommendations/Lessons Learned: This program was very effective. The funding provided by the Agency will need to be increased as housing costs rise out of proportion to incomes. The objective of this program does not directly relate to the total intent of the program. Replace this program with another that better addresses redevelopment requirements and a separate program that better addresses affordable housing adjacent to the Nonresidential Overlay. Appendices A Page A-6 December 2010 Program: Density Bonus Program ■■ Intent: Encourage development of housing for low-income and large family households through provision of density bonus. ■■ Objective: Continue to promote the use of density bonus provisions to provide affordable housing resources. Revise the wording of the adopted City provisions to remove reference to state provisions to allow for flexibility of application to projects that propose affordable housing in conjunction with density increase which is less than 25 percent. ■■ Funding Source: General Fund, LMIHF, and other resources for incentives ■■ Responsible Agency: Planning Department/Redevelopment Agency ■■ Timeframe: Ongoing; revise wording by 2003 ■■ Level of Achievement: City has implemented density bonus updates as required by law. ■ Recommendations/Lessons Learned: Modify program to indicate that the City will continue to implement updates to density bonus law, such as new revisions under Assembly Bill 2280, which offers incentives for certain affordable projects not seeking a density bonus. Program: Building Horizons and Nonprofit Builders ■■ Intent: Continue programs assisting low and moderate income households to become homeowners ■■ Objective: Provide resources to assist with 15 to 16 single-family units in concert with Building Horizons/Boys and Girls Club. Seek alliances with Habitat for Humanity or Coachella Valley Housing Coalition for 7 infill opportunities in the Cove for households with 50–120 percent of median income. ■■ Funding Source: LMIHF, CDBG for acquisition of property to be rehabilitated and sold, and HOME funds ■■ Responsible Agency: Redevelopment Agency ■■ Level of Achievement: Building Horizons rehabilitated 19 affordable units. ■ Recommendations/Lessons Learned: The Building Horizons program has fulfilled its commitments each year. Revisit funding opportunities for this program during the update of the Redevelopment Agency’s Implementation Plan. Program: Partnerships with Private Developers ■■ Intent: Continue to work with private developers on urban infill projects. ■■ Objective: Provide very low, low, and moderate income opportunities through write-down of land costs, off-site improvements or development fees, down payment assistance for homebuyers, site analysis and site acquisition for a target of 86 single-family units in Miraflores over the planning period. Through the Agency’s Silent Second Trust Deed Program, assist 229 households to become homeowners, including 149 Santa Rosa senior households. Enable the construction of 40 moderate income units in City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page A-7 the Centerpointe project, to be assisted by the sale of Agency-owned land and the Second Trust Deed program. ■■ Funding Source: LMIHF, CHFA, CDBG, and HOME funds ■■ Responsible Agency: Planning Department/Redevelopment Agency ■■ Timeframe: Miraflores Construction complete by 2004; target assistance to 32 homebuyers through Silent Second Trust Deed Program per year; assist 149 households (ages 55 and over) in the Watercolors project; and assist buyers in the Centerpointe project to buy homes through the Silent Second Trust Deed program ■■ Level of Achievement: Miraflores was completed and 44 for-sale units were provided to moderate income households, 83 rental units to low income, and 35 rental units to very low income households. The Watercolors project was approved during the 1998–2005 planning period and provided 149 moderate income homes during the 2006–2014 planning period. ■ Recommendations/Lessons Learned: Affordability was provided for the for-sale units at Miraflores through buying down HOA dues, not through a true second silent. Nine of 44 homeowners paid off their loans to the Agency early and have since sold the units at market rates. Second silent programs will not be continued. The City will pursue other affordable housing opportunities with LMIHF. Program: HOME Program ■■ Intent: New construction for affordable single-family and County First- Time Homebuyer Down Payment Assistance Program ■■ Objective: Strive for down payment assistance for an average of 5 households per year, as funding is available for a total of 35 households. ■■ Funding Source: HUD ■■ Responsible Agency: Riverside County First Time Home-Buyers Program ■■ Timeframe: 5 per year 1998–2005 ■■ Level of Achievement: The City has not used HOME funds directly. ■ Recommendations/Lessons Learned: Mention their availability and consider HOME funds as a potential resource for future programs. Program: Shared Equity Programs ■■ Intent: Increase homeownership opportunities for low and moderate income households. ■■ Objective: Consider entering into agreements with local groups to offer shared equity programs as an option for low and moderate income households. ■■ Funding Source: Private lenders; nonprofits ■■ Responsible Agency: Planning Department/Redevelopment Agency ■■ Timeframe: Determine applicability and potential in City by 2004. ■■ Level of Achievement: Local organizations have shared equity programs Appendices A Page A-8 December 2010 ■ Recommendations/Lessons Learned: Continue to work with groups that provide shared equity programs to La Quinta residents. Program: Mortgage Credit Certificate ■■ Intent: Continue to assist first-time homebuyers through county program. ■■ Objective: Assist at least eight first-time homebuyers, three of which are lower income households, by providing tax credits if funding is available. ■■ Funding Source: MRB allocation ■■ Responsible Agency: Riverside County EDA ■■ Timeframe: 1998–2005 ■■ Level of Achievement: The number of La Quinta residents participating in this program is unknown. ■ Recommendations/Lessons Learned: Continue to promote this program as needed. Assist in the Development of Affordable Ownership Housing Program: Redevelopment Agency Homeownership Programs ■■ Intent: Continue programs assisting low and moderate income households to become homeowners. ■■ Objective: Provide resources to assist with 15 to 16 single-family units in concert with Building Horizons/Boys and Girls Club. Seek alliances with Habitat for Humanity or CVHC for 7 infill opportunities in the Cove for households with 50–120 percent of median income. ■■ Funding Source: LMIHF, CDBG for acquisition of property to be rehabilitated and sold, and HOME funds ■■ Responsible Agency: Redevelopment Agency ■■ Timeframe: 1998–2005 ■■ Level of Achievement: Nineteen homes were either rehabilitated or constructed during the 1998–2005 planning period. ■ Recommendations/Lessons Learned: This program has met its commitments each year. Explore funding opportunities for this program during the update of the Redevelopment Agency’s Implementation Plan. Program: Second Unit Ordinance ■■ Intent: Maintain increased affordable housing opportunities to senior and low income households. ■■ Objective: Maintain the ordinance that permits second units on residential lots as zoned, processing such requests as a MUP. Consider reduction of parking and/or garage requirements as an incentive. ■■ Funding Source: General Fund ■■ Responsible Agency: Planning Department ■■ Timeframe: 1998–2005 City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page A-9 ■■ Level of Achievement: The Zoning Code was updated to permit second units by right in the following zones: RVL, RL, RC, RM, RMH, and RH. Multiple second units are conditionally permitted in the RVL and RL zones. The majority of single-family homes constructed during the planning period had a guest house (an attached or detached unit with sleeping and plumbing facilities, but without complete kitchen facilities). ■ Recommendations/Lessons Learned: This program is no longer necessary. Replace this program with one to create and distribute a second unit and guest house brochure to educate the public and development community about these units. Assist in the Development of Affordable Rental Housing Program: Redevelopment Agency and Private Developers/Nonprofit Organizations ■■ Intent: Continue and pursue programs assisting low and moderate income renters ■■ Objective: Provide very low, low, and moderate income households opportunities through write-down of land costs, off-site improvements or developer fees, site acquisition, or other incentives for a target of 375 multifamily and senior affordable rental units over the planning period, including site-built or modular homes on the redeveloped site of the Vista Dunes Mobile Home Park. ■■ Funding Source: LMIHF, CHFA, CDBG, and HOME funds ■■ Responsible Agency: Planning Department/Redevelopment Agency ■■ Timeframe: Ongoing, completion of units by 2005 ■■ Level of Achievement: 294 lower and moderate income rental units were constructed during the planning period. During this time the City acquired Vista Dunes Mobile Home Park, relocated residents and began site improvements for 79 very low income and 1 moderate income sustainable rental units (Vista Dunes Courtyard Homes). ■ Recommendations/Lessons Learned: The City has been very successful in collaborating with private developers and nonprofit organizations to develop affordable rental housing. Combine this program with similar programs to reduce repetition. Program: Housing Choice Vouchers (formerly Section 8) ■■ Intent: Provide housing subsidies for low-income households. ■■ Objective: Maintain 122 units for Housing Choice rental assistance. Provide referrals to apartment complex owners for information on the Housing Choice programs. Strive for two additional vouchers per year. ■■ Funding Source: HUD ■■ Responsible Agency: Riverside County Housing Authority ■■ Timeframe: Ongoing ■■ Level of Achievement: Unknown Appendices A Page A-10 December 2010 ■ Recommendations/Lessons Learned: The program is administered by the Riverside County Housing Authority and program participates have the choice of where to locate and cannot be kept in La Quinta. Modify program to focus on referrals and no longer include additional voucher objective as it is not within the City’s purview. Program: Mortgage Revenue Bond Financing ■■ Intent: Increase supply of rental ownership units affordable to low and moderate income households. ■■ Objective: Promote the use of multifamily MRB financing. Prioritize funding for projects providing 3 or more bedroom units. ■■ Funding Source: Bond Financing ■■ Responsible Agency: Planning Department/Redevelopment Agency ■■ Timeframe: As applicable ■■ Level of Achievement: Number of La Quinta households benefiting from this program is unknown. ■ Recommendations/Lessons Learned: Continue to support this program as needed. Program: HOME Program ■■ Intent: Construction or site acquisition for multifamily projects. ■■ Objective: Study the potential for application for new construction of one multifamily project, based on funding availability. ■■ Funding Source: HUD ■■ Responsible Agency: Redevelopment Agency through Riverside County ■■ Timeframe: 1998–2005 ■■ Level of Achievement: The City did not apply for HOME funds because it had other resources. ■ Recommendations/Lessons Learned: Consider HOME funds as a potential resource for future programs. Program: Reasonable Accommodation Ordinance ■■ Intent: Remove possible barriers for disabled residents. ■■ Objective: Adopt a Reasonable Accommodation Ordinance. ■■ Funding Source: General Fund ■■ Responsible Agency: Planning Department, Building and Safety Department, Public Works Department ■■ Timeframe: Adopt ordinance by June 2005 ■■ Level of Achievement: The City has not adopted a reasonable accommodation ordinance; the City has an unofficial policy to provide reasonable accommodation as needed. ■ Recommendations/Lessons Learned: Continue the program to codify the City’s ability to accommodate housing for disabled persons. City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page A-11 Program: Modify Development Fees ■■ Intent: Provide incentives to developers of affordable/senior housing ■■ Objective: Continue to offer fee payments, reductions, or fee waiver provisions for the production of low-income and senior citizen housing, based on analysis of characteristics associated with individual projects, such as location, underlying land use designation, density, number of affordable units to be provided, type of project (single-family or multifamily),tenure, timeline for completion, and other types of Agency assistance. Develop a checklist to review project features. ■■ Funding Source: General Fund ■■ Responsible Agency: Planning Department, Building and Safety Department, Public Works Department ■■ Timeframe: Ongoing, develop checklist by end of 2004 ■■ Level of Achievement: The City provides fee waivers for affordable housing (including senior housing projects) as required under density bonus law. A checklist differing from the project requirements under density bonus law was not created. ■ Recommendations/Lessons Learned: The provisions of density bonus law provide the development community with incentives such as fee waivers and with project requirements that relieve the City of needing to establish a special checklist. Do not continue this program. Program: Modify Development and Site Improvement Standards ■■ Intent: Reduce constraints on the provision of affordable housing. ■■ Objective: Continue to implement the revised Zoning Code and modify if necessary if a standard or requirement serves as a constraint to affordable housing. Review requests for reduction in parking spaces, shared parking, and in-lieu parking fees on a case by case basis for mixed-use projects in the RC zone and Village environs, as well as reduced parking and garage requirements for second units for seniors and persons with disabilities. Review Zoning and Building Codes for any requirements or standards that might reduce the potential to accommodate requests for housing suitable for persons with disabilities. ■■ Funding Source: General Fund ■■ Responsible Agency: Planning Department ■■ Timeframe: Ongoing; review Code for constraints to housing for persons with disabilities and modify as necessary by January 2005. ■■ Level of Achievement: The City has not adopted a reasonable accommodation ordinance; the City has an unofficial policy to provide reasonable accommodation as needed. ■ Recommendations/Lessons Learned: Combine this program with the reasonable accommodation program. Appendices A Page A-12 December 2010 Program: Nongovernmental Constraints ■■ Intent: Promote homeownership opportunities and development of affordable housing. ■■ Objective: Research alternative methods of financing. Utilize available sources for write-down of infrastructure or land costs. ■■ Funding Source: CDBG and LMIHF ■■ Responsible Agency: Redevelopment Agency ■■ Timeframe: Ongoing ■■ Level of Achievement: Redevelopment Agency acquired several sites during the planning period. ■ Recommendations/Lessons Learned: Continue to utilize Redevelopment Agency resources for affordable housing site acquisition. Conserve and Improve Existing Affordable Housing Program: Residential Rehabilitation Assistance Program ■■ Intent: Preserve existing housing stock through low interest loans. ■■ Objective: Assist four homeowners per year for a target of 28 to 30 loans. ■■ Funding Source: LMIHF ■■ Responsible Agency: Redevelopment Agency; Building and Safety Department; Planning Department ■■ Timeframe: Four loans per year. ■■ Level of Achievement: Nine owners have repaid the Agency. ■ Recommendation/Lessons Learned: This program is no longer active and will not continue into the 2006–2014 planning period. There was increasing difficulty in obtaining contractors willing to do the work, which was in their opinion too minimal. The homeowners did not want to put in the time to obtain the necessary bids from the contractors. There are currently four active participants in this program. Program: La Quinta Rental Housing Program ■■ Intent: Rehabilitate existing units acquired from Coachella Valley Land. ■■ Objective: Target two units per year to be rehabilitated and sold to eligible households. ■■ Funding Source: LMIHF ■■ Responsible Agency: Redevelopment Agency ■■ Timeframe: Rehabilitate two units per year ■■ Level of Achievement: 13 units were sold to very low income households and more were rehabilitated and rented ■ Recommendations/Lessons Learned: Consider reinstating this program through the Redevelopment Agency’s Implementation Plan City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page A-13 Program: Dilapidated Unit Refurbishment Program ■■ Intent: Preserve housing stock. ■■ Objective: The Agency will replace housing units demolished in redevelopment Project Areas, under the Dilapidated Unit Refurbishment Program, target 4 households and replace of 93 motor coaches with 82 new modular or site-built homes for rental. ■■ Funding Source: Tax-increment financing and General Fund ■■ Responsible Agency: Redevelopment Agency; Planning Department ■■ Timeframe: Ongoing ■■ Level of Achievement: City acquired a mobile home park, relocated the residents, and assisted in the development of 80 new units affordable to very low income households on the site. ■ Recommendations/Lessons Learned: Modify this program to continue to maintain the potential for manufactured homes in residential designations as an affordable housing resource. Program: Senior Home Repair Grants ■■ Intent: Provide assistance for minor and deferred repairs for senior homeowners. ■■ Objective: Refer eligible seniors to the County Minor and Enhanced Senior Home Repair Programs. Target one Enhanced Senior Home Repair and two Minor Home Repair applications per year. ■■ Funding Source: LMIHF or CDBG ■■ Responsible Agency: Redevelopment Agency or Riverside County Housing Authority ■■ Timeframe: Ongoing; three units per year ■■ Level of Achievement: The number of participating La Quinta households is unknown. ■ Recommendations/Lessons Learned: Continue to promote this program. Program: Mobile Home Park Assistance ■■ Intent: Preserve low-cost housing options for City residents. ■■ Objective: Provide technical assistance to mobile home park residents in pursuing MPAP funds. Provide Agency funds for acquisition/rehabilitation of existing mobile home parks and replacement of deteriorated coaches with 82 manufactured homes or site-built units. ■■ Funding Source: HCD ■■ Responsible Agency: HCD and/or Redevelopment Agency ■■ Timeframe: Assistance with MPAP funds as needed. Replace units at Vista Dunes Mobile Home Park during the planning period. ■■ Level of Achievement: The City acquired a mobile home park, relocated the residents, and assisted in the development of new units affordable to very low income households on the site. Appendices A Page A-14 December 2010 ■ Recommendations/Lessons Learned: The City will continue to provide guidance in the event of a park closure. Program: Low Income Home Energy Act Program –Weatherization ■■ Intent: Utilities assistance and reduction of utilities cost through weatherization of homes. ■■ Objective: Support the County of Riverside Department of Community Action in providing utilities assistance and weatherization to 14 very low income households. ■■ Funding Source: CDBG ■■ Responsible Agency: Riverside County Department of Community Action ■■ Timeframe: Ongoing ■■ Level of Achievement: No support was provided. ■ Recommendations/Lessons Learned: Replace this program with new energy efficiency programs as described in Section 7.3. Equal Housing Opportunity Program: Equal Housing Opportunity ■■ Intent: Compliance with Federal Fair Housing Act. ■■ Objective: Support the programs and activities of the Fair Housing Council of Riverside County. The City will direct residents with discrimination complaints to the State Department of Fair Employment and Housing ■■ Funding Source: CDBG ■■ Responsible Agency: Fair Housing Council ■■ Timeframe: Ongoing ■■ Level of Achievement: Provided referrals to the Fair Housing Council as needed. ■ Recommendations/Lessons Learned: Continue to provide referrals and create program to disseminate fair housing educational materials at City Hall and on the City’s website. Program: Housing Referral Directory ■■ Intent: Dispense information on local, state, and federal housing programs. ■■ Objective: Refer interested persons to update the directory of services and resources for low and moderate income households and special needs groups (provided as an Appendix to the Housing Element). Provide information and referrals to persons on an as needed basis. ■■ Funding Source: Department Budget ■■ Responsible Agency: Planning Department; Redevelopment Agency ■■ Timeframe: Upon adoption of Housing Element and ongoing ■■ Level of Achievement: The City provides a housing information referral list of existing affordable housing projects along with contact information on the City’s website and at City Hall. The list identifies the names and City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page A-15 locations of the projects as well as the types and amount of affordable housing provided. ■ Recommendations/Lessons Learned: Modify this program to relate to the City’s website and continue to maintain and distribute affordable housing information. Energy Conservation Opportunities Program: Public Education ■■ Intent: Promote residential energy conservation. ■■ Objective: The City will support public education programs and encourage water conservation. ■■ Funding Source: General Fund/other public or private sources ■■ Responsible Agency: City of La Quinta; outside interest groups ■■ Timeframe: Ongoing ■■ Level of Achievement: A staff report on sustainable building was reviewed by the City Council. The City is in the process of developing a green ordinance. ■ Recommendations/Lessons Learned: Modify this program to relate to the green ordinance and provide specific details as to how to disseminate educational materials. Program: Title 24 Administrative Code ■■ Intent: Require compliance in new construction and rehabilitation. ■■ Objective: The City will continue to enforce building code regulations (Title 24). ■■ Funding Source: General Fund ■■ Responsible Agency: Public Works Department, Building and Safety Department ■■ Timeframe: Ongoing ■■ Level of Achievement: The City reviews all construction projects for compliance with the adopted building codes. Vista Dunes Courtyard Homes, acquired during the 1998–2005 planning period, is the first affordable multifamily housing project of its size in the country to achieve LEED Platinum certification. Another affordable project, Wolff Waters Place, is expected to achieve LEED Silver certification in the 2006–2014 planning period. ■ Recommendations/Lessons Learned: Modify this program to relate to the green ordinance and energy efficient construction beyond Title 24. Program: Environmental Review ■■ Intent: Require energy conservation measures in new construction. ■■ Objective: Environmental Impact Reports for development and subdivisions shall be required to analyze energy impacts and solar uses. Appendices A Page A-16 December 2010 ■■ Funding Source: General Fund ■■ Responsible Agency: Planning Department ■■ Timeframe: Ongoing ■■ Level of Achievement: The City has not required energy conservation measures above those in Title 24; however, the City is in the process of developing a green ordinance. ■ Recommendations/Lessons Learned: Modify this program to relate to the green ordinance and other topics discussed in Section 7.3. Housing Element Monitoring and Reporting Program: Annual Reporting ■■ Intent: Ensure that the Housing Element retains its viability and usefulness thorough annual review and monitoring. ■■ Objective: Develop monitoring program and report annually to the City Council on implementation progress. Forward the monitoring report to HCD. ■■ Funding Source: None necessary ■■ Responsible Agency: Planning Department ■■ Timeframe: Ongoing ■■ Level of Achievement: Have not developed a formal monitoring program, but are providing HCD with annual reports as required by law. Recommendations/Lessons Learned: Continue this program. City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page B-1 Appendix B PUBLIC PARTICIPATION MATERIALS Appendices B Page B-2 December 2010 This page intentionally left blank. City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page B-3 APPENDIX B: PUBLIC PARTICIPATION MATERIALS In addition to the stakeholder interviews, the following materials were distributed and/or presented during the housing element update process. ■■ Community Housing Forum Advertisements ■■ Housing Questionnaire ■■ Community Housing Forum PowerPoint ■■ Community Housing Forum News Article Appendices B Page B-4 December 2010 City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page B-5 Appendices B Page B-6 December 2010 City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page B-7 The questionnaire was also provided in an interactive poker chip format at the Community Housing Forum. Appendices B Page B-8 December 2010 City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page B-9 Appendices B Page B-10 December 2010 City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page B-11 Appendices B Page B-12 December 2010 City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page B-13 Appendices B Page B-14 December 2010 This page intentionally left blank. City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page C-1 Appendix C VACANT AND UNDERUTILIZED LAND INVENTORIES Appendices C Page C-2 December 2010 This page intentionally left blank. City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page C-3 TABLE C-1 Draft Vacant Land Inventory Map Key Owner APN Acres Current GP/Zoning Proposed GP/Zoning Projected Density Projected Yield RL Sites 14.1 39 1a A 766-090-004 2.1 LDR/RL LDR/RL 3 6 1b B 766-090-003 2.3 LDR/RL LDR/RL 3 6 1c C 766-090-001 2.3 LDR/RL LDR/RL 3 6 1d D 766-090-006 2.4 LDR/RL LDR/RL 3 7 1e E 766-090-007 2.5 LDR/RL LDR/RL 3 7 1f F 766-090-008 2.5 LDR/RL LDR/RL 3 7 Site 1 - Total 14.1 39 RM Sites 21.4 128 2 G 766-070-004 21.4 LDR/RL MDR/RM 6 128 RMH Sites 14.0 280 15 1 AH 646-070-013 14.0 MHDR/RMH MHDR/RMH 20 280 CP/CR/CN/CC Sites 89.8 949 32 H 777-030-017 11.7 NC/CN NC/CN 20 117 42 I 643-200-007 3.0 CC/CC CC/CC 20 30 5 2 J 600-390-024 15.7 RC&CP/CR&CP RC&CP/CR&CP 20 157 6 2 K 643-080-049 11.0 RC/CR RC/CR 20 110 7a L 602-180-001 0.8 CC/CC CC/CC 14 11 7b L 602-180-002 0.7 CC/CC CC/CC 14 10 7c L 602-180-003 0.4 CC/CC CC/CC 14 6 7d L 602-180-004 7.8 CC/CC CC/CC 14 109 7e L 602-180-005 0.9 CC/CC CC/CC 14 13 7f L 602-180-007 0.9 CC/CC CC/CC 14 13 7g L 602-180-006 1.0 CC/CC CC/CC 14 14 Site 7 - Total 12.5 175 16a2 AI 643-020-032 11.0 RC/CR RC/CR 20 110 16b2 AI 643-020-025 4.7 RC/CR RC/CR 20 47 Site 16 - Total 2 15.7 157 17 2 AJ 600-340-048 20.2 RC/CR RC/CR 20 202 Appendices C Page C-4 December 2010 TABLE C-1 Draft Vacant Land Inventory Map Key Owner APN Acres Current GP/Zoning Proposed GP/Zoning Projected Density Projected Yield VC Sites 7.4 104 8a M 773-101-013 0.7 VC/VC VC/VC 14 10 8b N 773-094-013 0.6 VC/VC VC/VC 14 8 8c N 773-094-004 0.1 VC/VC VC/VC 14 1 8d N 773-094-003 0.1 VC/VC VC/VC 14 1 8e N 773-094-002 0.1 VC/VC VC/VC 14 1 8f N 773-094-001 0.1 VC/VC VC/VC 14 1 Site 8 Subtotal 1.6 24 9a O 773-072-019 0.3 VC/VC VC/VC 14 5 9b P 773-072-005 0.1 VC/VC VC/VC 14 1 9c P 773-072-027 0.1 VC/VC VC/VC 14 1 9d P 773-072-026 0.1 VC/VC VC/VC 14 1 9e P 773-072-025 0.1 VC/VC VC/VC 14 2 9f P 773-072-024 0.1 VC/VC VC/VC 14 2 9g P 773-072-023 0.1 VC/VC VC/VC 14 1 9h P 773-072-022 0.1 VC/VC VC/VC 14 1 9i P 773-072-021 0.1 VC/VC VC/VC 14 1 9j Q 773-073-004 0.1 VC/VC VC/VC 14 2 9k R 773-073-005 0.1 VC/VC VC/VC 14 2 9l S 773-075-008 0.1 VC/VC VC/VC 14 2 9m S 773-075-009 0.1 VC/VC VC/VC 14 2 9n T 773-077-014 0.8 VC/VC VC/VC 14 11 9o M 773-077-013 0.4 VC/VC VC/VC 14 5 Site 9 Subtotal 2.7 38 10a U 773-078-005 0.1 VC/VC VC/VC 14 2 10b V 773-078-006 0.1 VC/VC VC/VC 14 2 10c V 773-078-007 0.1 VC/VC VC/VC 14 2 10d W 773-078-016 0.1 VC/VC VC/VC 14 2 10e W 773-078-017 0.1 VC/VC VC/VC 14 2 Site 10 Subtotal 0.6 8 City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page C-5 TABLE C-1 Draft Vacant Land Inventory Map Key Owner APN Acres Current GP/Zoning Proposed GP/Zoning Projected Density Projected Yield 11 a X 770-122-015 0.1 VC/VC VC/VC 14 1 11 b Y 770-122-014 0.1 VC/VC VC/VC 14 1 11 c Y 770-122-013 0.1 VC/VC VC/VC 14 1 11 d Z 770-122-012 0.1 VC/VC VC/VC 14 1 11 e Z 770-122-011 0.1 VC/VC VC/VC 14 1 11 f Z 770-122-010 0.1 VC/VC VC/VC 14 1 11 g AA 770-122-009 0.1 VC/VC VC/VC 14 2 Site 11 Subtotal 0.5 7 12a AB 770-152-005 0.1 VC/VC VC/VC 14 2 12b AB 770-152-006 0.1 VC/VC VC/VC 14 2 12c AC 770-152-007 0.1 VC/VC VC/VC 14 2 Site 12 Subtotal 0.34 5 13 AD 770-155-001 0.40 VC/VC VC/VC 14 6 14a AE 770-156-007 0.23 VC/VC VC/VC 14 3 14b AF 770-156-006 0.28 VC/VC VC/VC 14 4 14c AG 770-156-010 0.39 VC/VC VC/VC 14 5 14d AG 770-181-009 0.36 VC/VC VC/VC 14 5 Site 14 Subtotal 1.26 VC/VC VC/VC 18 TOTAL RL 14.1 39 TOTAL RM 21.4 128 TOTAL RMH 14.0 280 TOTAL CP/CR/CN/CC 89.8 949 TOTAL VC 7.4 104 TOTAL 146.7 1,500 Note: Figures subject to rounding. 1 Applies an Affordable Housing Overlay. 2 Projected yield assumes only 50 percent of the site is used for residential development, but does include the application of an Affordable Housing Overlay. Appendices C Page C-6 December 2010 TABLE C-2 Draft Underutilized Land Inventory Map Key Owner APN Acres Current GP/Zoning Proposed GP/Zoning Projected Density Projected Yield RM Sites 131.6 1,028 U-12 AI 609-051-002 4.9 LDR/RL MDR/RM 20 98 U-22 AJ 609-052-002 4.8 LDR/RL MDR/RM 20 96 U-32 AK 770-040-012 7.5 MDR/RM MDR/RM 20 150 U-4 AL 777-030-007 6.1 VLDR/RL MDR/RM 6 36 U-5a AM 764-240-002 9.7 MDR/RM MDR/RM 6 58 U-5b AM 764-240-003 19.4 MDR/RM MDR/RM 6 116 U-5c AM 764-240-004 38.4 MDR/RM MDR/RM 6 230 U-5d AM 764-240-005 40.8 MDR/RM MDR/RM 6 244 Site U-5 Total 108.4 648 RMH Sites 53.7 786 U-6 -- Several 14.8 MHDR/RMH MHDR/RMH 10 142 U-7 AN 776-220-012 19.3 MHDR/RMH MHDR/RMH 12 250 U-8a 2 RDA 600-030-001 0.6 MDR/RM MHDR /RMH 20 12 U-8b 2 AO 600-030-002 0.2 MDR/RM MHDR /RMH 20 4 U-8c 2 RDA 600-030-003 0.2 MDR/RM MHDR /RMH 20 4 U-8d 2 RDA 600-030-004 1.6 MDR/RM MHDR /RMH 20 32 U-8e 2 AP 600-030-005 0.9 MDR/RM MHDR /RMH 20 18 U-8f 2 AQ 600-030-006 1.0 MDR/RM MHDR /RMH 20 20 U-8g 2 RDA 600-030-009 0.2 MDR/RM MHDR /RMH 20 4 U-8h 2 RDA 600-030-008 2.3 MDR/RM MHDR /RMH 20 46 U-8i 2 AR 600-030-019 1.9 MDR/RM MHDR /RMH 20 38 U-8j 2 AS 600-030-012 0.5 MDR/RM MHDR /RMH 20 10 U-8k 2 AT 600-030-010 10.3 MDR/RM MHDR /RMH 20 206 Site U-8 – Total 2 19.7 394 City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page C-7 TABLE C-2 Draft Underutilized Land Inventory Map Key Owner APN Acres Current GP/Zoning Proposed GP/Zoning Projected Density Projected Yield CN/VC Sites 21.6 298 U-92 AU 777-010-001 8.5 NC/CN NC/CN 20 85 U-101,2 AV 773-370-027 5.1 VC/VC VC/VC 20 102 U-11a1 AW 770-020-028 0.6 VC/VC VC/VC 14 8 U-11b1 AX 770-020-003 0.2 VC/VC VC/VC 14 3 U-11c1 AY 770-020-005 0.3 VC/VC VC/VC 14 4 U-11d1 AZ 770-020-006 0.4 VC/VC VC/VC 14 6 Site U-11 – Total1 1.5 21 U-12a1 BA 770-123-002 0.2 VC/VC VC/VC 14 3 U-12b1 BA 770-123-003 0.24 VC/VC VC/VC 14 3 U-12c1 BA 770-123-004 0.22 VC/VC VC/VC 14 3 U-12d1 BB 770-123-010 0.28 VC/VC VC/VC 14 4 U-12e1 BC 770-123-006 0.52 VC/VC VC/VC 14 7 U-12f1 BD 770-124-003 0.27 VC/VC VC/VC 14 4 U-12g1 BD 770-124-002 0.28 VC/VC VC/VC 14 4 U-12h1 BE 770-124-006 0.89 VC/VC VC/VC 14 12 U-12i1 BF 770-124-007 0.28 VC/VC VC/VC 14 4 U-12j1 V 770-125-005 0.28 VC/VC VC/VC 14 4 U-12k1 M 770-125-004 0.34 VC/VC VC/VC 14 5 U-12l1 BF 770-125-003 0.37 VC/VC VC/VC 14 5 U-12m1 BG 770-125-002 0.38 VC/VC VC/VC 14 5 U-12n1 AB 770-125-001 0.41 VC/VC VC/VC 14 6 Site U-12 - Total1 4.96 69 U-13a1 M 770-152-015 0.35 VC/VC VC/VC 14 5 U-13b1 BH 770-152-016 0.39 VC/VC VC/VC 14 5 Site U-13 - Total1 0.74 10 U-14a1 BI 770-153-002 0.27 VC/VC VC/VC 14 4 U-14b1 BJ 770-153-005 0.49 VC/VC VC/VC 14 7 Site U-14 - Total1 0.76 11 TOTAL RM 131.6 1,028 TOTAL RMH 53.7 786 TOTAL CN/VC 1 21.6 298 TOTAL 206.9 2,112 Note: Figures subject to rounding. 1 Projected yield for Village Commercial sites was rounded down to provide a conservative estimate that does not rely upon lot consolidation. 2 Projected yield includes the application of an Affordable Housing Overlay. Appendices C Page C-8 December 2010 This page intentionally left blank. City of La Quinta Housing Element Update Page C-9 FIGURE C-1 VACANT AND UNDERUTILIZED LAND MAP Appendices C Page C-10 December 2010 This page intentionally left blank.